Medical mycology最新文献

Agricultural practices and biological characteristics as determinants of the prevalence of human pathogens A. fumigatus sensu stricto and A. udagawae. 农业实践和生物学特性作为人类病原体严格感烟曲霉和乌达川烟曲霉流行的决定因素。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Medical mycology Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaf046

Freddy Villanueva-Cotrina, Guillermo García-Effron, Soledad Gamarra, Julieta Mariana Rojas, Heli Barron-Pastor, Melina Lorenzini, Gustavo Giusiano

{"title":"Agricultural practices and biological characteristics as determinants of the prevalence of human pathogens A. fumigatus sensu stricto and A. udagawae.","authors":"Freddy Villanueva-Cotrina, Guillermo García-Effron, Soledad Gamarra, Julieta Mariana Rojas, Heli Barron-Pastor, Melina Lorenzini, Gustavo Giusiano","doi":"10.1093/mmy/myaf046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myaf046","url":null,"abstract":"Aspergillus section Fumigati (ASF) comprise saprophytic moulds that naturally inhabit a wide range of biomes including cultivated soils where climatic factors and agricultural practices can influence the composition of fungal communities. A. fumigatus sensu stricto is the leading cause of invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised individuals, but closely related species have also emerged as important pathogens. We analyzed 29 soil samples (13 from orchards and 16 from conventional agricultural soils) collected at different times and seasons. Interestingly, the 48 ASF strains isolated matched to only two species, typified as A. fumigatus sensu stricto (28) and A. udagawae (20). Significant differences in the prevalence of both species were observed. A higher recovery of A. fumigatus sensu stricto was obtained in spring and A. udagawae in summer and winter. Considering the agricultural production system, A. fumigatus sensu stricto was more prevalent in agroecological orchards and A. udagawae in conventional agricultural soils. Our results suggest that the presence of only these two species may be attributed to their distinctive biological characteristics and the climatic conditions prevailing in the study area. While the prevalence of A. fumigatus sensu stricto in agroecological orchards and A. udagawae in conventional agriculture, may be a result of the ecological impact of agricultural production systems. Our study provides empirical evidence in support of a potential model whereby the presence and distribution of ASF species in agricultural soils may be driven by two key factors: their biological characteristics and the use of agrochemical compounds for crop production.","PeriodicalId":18586,"journal":{"name":"Medical mycology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144128148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of invasive fungal infection in tuberculosis/hiv coinfected patients. 结核/hiv合并感染患者侵袭性真菌感染调查。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Medical mycology Pub Date : 2025-05-20 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaf045

Rejane Roncaglio, Dienefer Venske Bierhals, Emília Ferreira Andrade, Bianca Dos Santos Blan, Romina Buffarini, Andrea Von Groll, Rossana Patrícia Basso, Pedro Eduardo Almeida da Silva, Melissa Orzechowski Xavier, Ivy Bastos Ramis de Souza

{"title":"Investigation of invasive fungal infection in tuberculosis/hiv coinfected patients.","authors":"Rejane Roncaglio, Dienefer Venske Bierhals, Emília Ferreira Andrade, Bianca Dos Santos Blan, Romina Buffarini, Andrea Von Groll, Rossana Patrícia Basso, Pedro Eduardo Almeida da Silva, Melissa Orzechowski Xavier, Ivy Bastos Ramis de Souza","doi":"10.1093/mmy/myaf045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myaf045","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) represent important public health problems. Suppression of the immune system, due to both diseases, predisposes to the development of opportunistic infections, such as invasive fungal infections (IFI). The aims of this study were to determine the frequence of investigation of invasive fungal infection (IFI) in TB/HIV co-infected patients, identify the most frequent IFI and evaluate the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of TB/HIV/IFI patients. A descriptive and retrospective study was conducted including patients assisted at Hospital Dr. Miguel Riet Corrêa Jr. (HU-FURG/Ebserh), in Rio Grande city, southern Brazil. All patients diagnosed with TB/HIV from 2017 to 2022 were included, and databases were analyzed for data regarding mycological exams for fungal diseases investigation. Of the 194 TB/HIV coinfected patients, 77.8% (n = 151) were investigated for at least one IFI. Co-infection was confirmed in16.7% (25/151), being 44% (n = 11) of the patients diagnosed with cryptococcosis, followed by histoplasmosis (40%; n = 10) and colonization/infection by Aspergillus (32%; n = 8). Furthermore, some patients presented more than one fungal co-infection (16%; n = 4). CD4 T cell count < 200 cells/mm3 represented a risk factor for the development of IFI (P = 0.022) and the unfavorable outcome (interruption/death) was higher in the TB/HIV/IFI group, as well as 32% of patients died. Even without a sistematic investigation for IFI in TB/HIV patients, a high rate of co-infection was shown. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate TB and IFI concomitantly, in people living with HIV, due to the worsening of the outcome when these infections are associated.","PeriodicalId":18586,"journal":{"name":"Medical mycology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Value of qPCR in the screening strategy for Candida auris. qPCR在耳念珠菌筛选中的应用价值。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Medical mycology Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaf041

Sarah Jolivet, Sandra Fournier, Jeanne Bigot, Lokman Galal, Edith Le Roux, Mehdi Bonnet, Valérie Souyri, Pierre-Antoine Michel, Hélène Goulet, Gilles Pialoux, Marine Nadal, Muriel Fartoukh, Frédéric Barbut, Christophe Hennequin, Juliette Guitard

{"title":"Value of qPCR in the screening strategy for Candida auris.","authors":"Sarah Jolivet, Sandra Fournier, Jeanne Bigot, Lokman Galal, Edith Le Roux, Mehdi Bonnet, Valérie Souyri, Pierre-Antoine Michel, Hélène Goulet, Gilles Pialoux, Marine Nadal, Muriel Fartoukh, Frédéric Barbut, Christophe Hennequin, Juliette Guitard","doi":"10.1093/mmy/myaf041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myaf041","url":null,"abstract":"Candida auris has emerged as a major fungal pathogen responsible for persistent outbreaks, highlighting the importance of an effective screening strategy to control its spread in healthcare settings. Following a confirmed C. auris infection, we incorporated a specific qPCR assay into the screening process. Contact patients and environmental samples were screened weekly using culture and qPCR methods. We used these results to manage patients' cohorting, room disinfection, and new admissions in real time. The qPCR allowed us to identify 37 colonized patients and detect 47 contaminated environmental sites. While being specific, qPCR was more sensitive than culture in detecting C. auris colonization, enabling prompt infection control measures. This strategy was effective as the spread of C. auris in our institution was contained within 2 months. Our results support the inclusion of specific qPCR in the screening strategy for the early detection of C. auris in healthcare facilities.","PeriodicalId":18586,"journal":{"name":"Medical mycology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 2.7 3区医学

Medical mycology Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaf042

Haiming Yan, Xinrui Gao, Suling Chen, Yuanhui Jiang, Jian Chen, Siyi Cen, Xuwen Xu, Jie Peng, Shaohang Cai

{"title":"Inflammation-related indices as markers for mortality in people living with HIV co-infected with Talaromyces Marneffei: a retrospective analysis.","authors":"Haiming Yan, Xinrui Gao, Suling Chen, Yuanhui Jiang, Jian Chen, Siyi Cen, Xuwen Xu, Jie Peng, Shaohang Cai","doi":"10.1093/mmy/myaf042","DOIUrl":"10.1093/mmy/myaf042","url":null,"abstract":"Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei) co-infection remains a significant cause of mortality in people living with HIV (PLWH). Although early detection of individuals at high risk is essential, there remains a lack of markers to predict outcomes. This multicenter retrospective study analyzed 282 PLWH (95 treatment-naïve T. marneffei co-infected, 187 without opportunistic infections) to evaluate six inflammatory indices: systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), neutrophil-to-platelet ratio (NPR), and pan-immune inflammation value (PIV). Multivariate logistic regression and ROC analysis were performed to identify risk factors and prognostic performance. The results revealed that T. marneffei group exhibited significantly elevated levels of SII, NPR, NLR, and PLR (P <0.001), with lower LMR (P <0.001) and PIV levels (P =0.014). Logistic regression identified thrombocytopenia (P =0.026), hypoalbuminemia (P =0.031), and lower CD4+ T-cell counts (P =0.011) as independent predictors of HIV-TM coinfection. Among the T. marneffei group, survivors (n=80) and non-survivors (n=15) exhibited distinct inflammatory profiles: NLR demonstrated optimal mortality prediction (AUC=0.788, P <0.001), outperforming NPR (AUC=0.671, P <0.001). Multivariate analysis confirmed NLR as the sole mortality predictor (P =0.041), with restricted cubic spline analysis indicating a non-linear NLR-mortality relationship. In conclusion, we found that NLR represents a reliable prognostic marker for PLWH co-infected with T. marneffei.","PeriodicalId":18586,"journal":{"name":"Medical mycology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144007736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanistic insights into granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in combating fungal infections: Diverse fungal pathogens. 粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子在对抗真菌感染中的机制见解：多种真菌病原体。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Medical mycology Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaf044

Qi Dong, Weiwei Wu, Ruijun Zhang

引用次数: 0

A longitudinal study assessing Aspergillus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) performance through participation in external quality assessment schemes from 2019 to 2022. 一项通过参与2019 - 2022年外部质量评估方案评估曲霉聚合酶链反应（PCR）性能的纵向研究。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Medical mycology Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaf036

Alastair Ricketts, Dorothy Montgomery, Juergen Loeffler, Rosemary Barnes, Mario Cruciani, J Peter Donnelly, P Lewis White

引用次数: 0

Publisher's Note: Evaluation of five real-time PCR assays for the detection of Candidozyma auris in clinical specimens. 评估五种实时PCR检测临床标本中耳念珠菌的方法。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Medical mycology Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaf043

引用次数: 0

Optimization and clinical evaluation of a 5.8S rRNA quantitative PCR assay for the diagnosis of talaromycosis. 5.8S rRNA定量PCR诊断塔氏菌病的优化及临床评价。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Medical mycology Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaf040

Dang Hoang Khanh, Lottie Brown, Phan Thi Ha My, Nguyen Thi Mai Thu, Emily Evans, Vo Trieu Ly, Nguyen Thanh Hiep, Ngo Thi Hoa, Thuy Le

{"title":"Optimization and clinical evaluation of a 5.8S rRNA quantitative PCR assay for the diagnosis of talaromycosis.","authors":"Dang Hoang Khanh, Lottie Brown, Phan Thi Ha My, Nguyen Thi Mai Thu, Emily Evans, Vo Trieu Ly, Nguyen Thanh Hiep, Ngo Thi Hoa, Thuy Le","doi":"10.1093/mmy/myaf040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myaf040","url":null,"abstract":"Talaromyces marneffei is a dimorphic fungus endemic in Southeast Asia that causes the invasive fungal disease talaromycosis in immunocompromised individuals. Detection of T. marneffei nucleic acid in blood by PCR has demonstrated potential as a diagnostic tool for talaromycosis, but previously developed assays have limited sensitivity. This study described the optimization of a quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay for the diagnosis of talaromycosis. Our assay performance was maximized by testing different primers, methods of cell lysis and DNA extraction, whole blood vs. plasma, and methods of specimen treatment, using mean quantification cycle (Cq) values to compare performance. Our qPCR assay achieved the highest analytical sensitivity of 1 yeast cell per mL of whole blood, using primers targeting the 5.8S ribosomal DNA, cell lysis by bead beating, and DNA extraction by the MasterPure Yeast Purification Kit. There was no cross-reactivity observed with six Penicillium species and nine clinically related fungal isolates. In a case-control, diagnostic validation study of 138 cases of talaromycosis and 30 controls with other invasive fungal diseases and opportunistic infections, our 5.8S qPCR assay detected T. marneffei in 99.0% (101/102, 95% CI: 94.6%-99.9%) of blood culture-positive and 55.6% (20/37, 95% CI: 38.1%-72%) of blood culture-negative patients. Overall, our 5.8S qPCR assay had significantly higher sensitivity compared to conventional BACTEC blood culture, 87.7% (95% CI: 80.7%-92.5%) vs. 73.9% (95% CI: 65.6%-80.8%, P < .001), and the specificity was 96.7% (95% CI: 80.9%-99.8%). Our 5.8S qPCR assay has potential as a non-invasive and rapid rule-in test for talaromycosis.","PeriodicalId":18586,"journal":{"name":"Medical mycology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12020469/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trichosporon species bloodstream infections in a tertiary care hospital in the western region of Saudi Arabia: A 7-year retrospective chart review from 2016 to 2022. 沙特阿拉伯西部地区一家三级医院的毛丝虫病种血流感染：2016 - 2022年7年回顾性图表回顾

IF 2.7 3区医学

Medical mycology Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaf029

Hassan Almarhabi, Aisha Alharbi, Raghad Alfagi, Abdulfattah Al-Amri

{"title":"Trichosporon species bloodstream infections in a tertiary care hospital in the western region of Saudi Arabia: A 7-year retrospective chart review from 2016 to 2022.","authors":"Hassan Almarhabi, Aisha Alharbi, Raghad Alfagi, Abdulfattah Al-Amri","doi":"10.1093/mmy/myaf029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myaf029","url":null,"abstract":"Despite advances in medical mycology, invasive Trichosporon spp. infections continue to be associated with high mortality rates. Limited data exist on the risk factors and outcomes of Trichosporon fungemia, particularly in our region. Therefore, this study aims to describe the risk factors, patient characteristics, antifungal susceptibility, and outcome of Trichosporon bloodstream infections at a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia. This was a single-center retrospective chart review that included adult patients ≥ 16 years with positive blood cultures for Trichosporon spp. from January 2016 to December 2022. Descriptive statistics are presented using the mean for continuous variables and the number (percentage) for categorical variables. Ten patients with Trichosporon spp. isolated from blood cultures were eligible for inclusion in this study. The mean age was 58.1 years (range 17-83), with 70% male patients. Additionally, 40% had diabetes mellitus, and 40% had underlying malignancy. Trichosporon asahii was the predominant species in 90% of isolates. All patients had recent broad-spectrum antibiotic use, 80% were exposed to corticosteroids, and all had central venous catheters. One kidney transplant had an early recurrence of Trichosporon spp. fungemia. Four patients were cured of the infection, two were treated with voriconazole monotherapy, and two were treated with a combination of liposomal amphotericin B plus Voriconazole. Thirty-day all-cause mortality was 60%, with three deaths occurring before identification of the isolates. In conclusion, our study reported a predominance of Trichosporon asahii and a mortality rate of 60% in patients with Trichosporon fungemia. Challenges include delayed diagnosis, high mortality, and antifungal resistance, underscoring the need for further research to enhance treatment strategies and patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":18586,"journal":{"name":"Medical mycology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of Phenotypic Switching in the Adaptive Response of Candida tropicalis to Hyperosmotic Stress. 表型转换在热带假丝酵母对高渗胁迫的适应性反应中的作用。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Medical mycology Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaf035

Hugo Felix Perini, Cássia Milena de Souza, Eloiza Aparecida Paulo, Fernanda Tomiotto-Pellissier, Wander Rogério Pavanelli, Luciana Furlaneto-Maia, Marcia Cristina Furlaneto

引用次数: 0