A notable azole-nonsusceptible Candida orthopsilosis in the Candida parapsilosis complex isolated from onychomycosis in Hue City, Central Vietnam.

IF 2.3 3区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Medical mycology Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI:10.1093/mmy/myaf064

Thi Minh Chau Ngo, Dong Duong Ton That, Phuong Anh Ton Nu, Le Chi Cao, Giang Tran Thi, Thi Bich Thao Do, Thi Ngoc Thuy Ha, Minh Tiep Vo, Phuoc Vinh Nguyen, Ba Hoang Anh Mai, My Tra Nguyen Thi, Đac Hanh Nguyen, Thanh Huy Nguyen

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The Candida parapsilosis complex, consisting of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto, C. orthopsilosis, and C. metapsilosis, is a major cause of Candida onychomycosis. Increasing reports of high levels of resistance to antifungal drugs, particularly fluconazole and echinocandin, have raised concerns about C. parapsilosis complex. This study investigates antifungal resistance and hydrolytic enzyme activity in these species. Species were identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1-4 sequencing. Antifungal susceptibility was assessed using Sensititre™ YeastOne™. Hydrolytic enzyme production was assessed by agar plate culture. Among 43 isolates, C. parapsilosis sensu stricto was most prevalent (48.8%, n = 21/43), followed by C. orthopsilosis (39.6%, n = 17/43) and C. metapsilosis (11.6%, n = 5/43). All C. parapsilosis sensu stricto isolates were susceptible to antifungal agents, except 4.8% (n = 1/21) showing dose-dependent susceptibility to fluconazole and 4.8% (n = 1/21) resistance to amphotericin B. Candida orthopsilosis showed significant resistance to fluconazole and voriconazole (52.9% each, n = 9/17), posaconazole (23.5%, n = 4/17), and low resistance to amphotericin B (5.9%, n = 1/17). One C. metapsilosis isolate (20%) showed cross-resistance to fluconazole and voriconazole, and another (20%) was resistant to 5-flucytosine. Enzymatic assays showed higher protease and lipase activity in C. parapsilosis sensu stricto and C. orthopsilosis compared to C. metapsilosis, with C. parapsilosis sensu stricto showing the highest protease activity. Comprehensive research into antifungal susceptibility and virulence factors of the C. parapsilosis species complex is essential to monitor the growing threat of antifungal resistance and to better understand its role in onychomycosis pathogenesis.

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从越南中部顺化市的甲癣中分离出的假丝酵母菌旁假丝酵母菌复体中的一个值得注意的唑不敏感念珠菌矫形丝酵母菌。

副假丝酵母复合体由狭窄感假丝酵母、矫形假丝酵母和化生假丝酵母组成，是引起念珠菌甲癣的主要原因。对抗真菌药物，特别是氟康唑和棘白菌素的高水平耐药性的报道越来越多，这引起了人们对副梭菌病复合体的关注。本研究对这些植物的抗真菌抗性和水解酶活性进行了研究。采用PCR-RFLP和ITS1-4测序技术进行物种鉴定。使用Sensititre™YeastOne™评估抗真菌敏感性。用琼脂平板培养法测定水解酶产量。43株分离株中，以严格感枯木弧菌最多（48.8%,n = 21/43），其次为直骨枯木弧菌（39.6%,n = 17/43）和转枯木弧菌（11.6%,n = 5/43）。除4.8% （n = 1/21）对氟康唑呈剂量依赖性敏感性和4.8% （n = 1/21）对两性霉素B呈剂量依赖性外，其余菌株均对抗真菌药物敏感。正矽肺对氟康唑和伏立康唑（52.9%,n = 9/17）、泊沙康唑（23.5%,n = 4/17）、两性霉素B呈低耐药性（5.9%,n = 1/17）。1株（20%）对氟康唑和伏立康唑交叉耐药，1株（20%）对5-氟胞嘧啶耐药。酶促测定结果表明，与变质贮藏贮藏相比，疏疏贮藏贮藏的蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性更高，其中疏疏贮藏的蛋白酶活性最高。综合研究镰孢菌群的抗真菌敏感性和毒力因子对监测日益增长的抗真菌耐药性威胁以及更好地了解其在甲真菌病发病机制中的作用至关重要。

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来源期刊

Medical mycology 医学-兽医学

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

3.40%

发文量

632

审稿时长

12 months

期刊介绍： Medical Mycology is a peer-reviewed international journal that focuses on original and innovative basic and applied studies, as well as learned reviews on all aspects of medical, veterinary and environmental mycology as related to disease. The objective is to present the highest quality scientific reports from throughout the world on divergent topics. These topics include the phylogeny of fungal pathogens, epidemiology and public health mycology themes, new approaches in the diagnosis and treatment of mycoses including clinical trials and guidelines, pharmacology and antifungal susceptibilities, changes in taxonomy, description of new or unusual fungi associated with human or animal disease, immunology of fungal infections, vaccinology for prevention of fungal infections, pathogenesis and virulence, and the molecular biology of pathogenic fungi in vitro and in vivo, including genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and proteomics. Case reports are no longer accepted. In addition, studies of natural products showing inhibitory activity against pathogenic fungi are not accepted without chemical characterization and identification of the compounds responsible for the inhibitory activity.