Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Effects of exercise on high-density lipoprotein levels in middle-aged and older individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Lunmin Liang, Fenglin Peng, Linyuan Wang, Chen Lin, Hong Chi","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041493","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of exercise on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in middle-aged and older individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE, including meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials that investigated the effects of exercise on HDL-C levels in middle-aged and older individuals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-two trials were analyzed. We found that exercise had a significant effect on HDL cholesterol levels (standard mean difference [95% confidence interval] = 0.22 [0.09-0.35], Z = 3.28, P = .001, I2 = 54%), and the heterogeneity across the studies was significant and high. After subgroup analysis, we found that aerobic exercise had the most significant effect on the levels of HDLs in middle-aged and older individuals, which was better than that of other types of exercise.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Aerobic exercise significantly improves HDL levels in middle-aged and older individuals, but resistance and stretching exercises had no significant effect on HDL levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":18549,"journal":{"name":"Medicine","volume":"104 6","pages":"e41493"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11813029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A risk factor prediction model for moderate-to-severe postoperative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.","authors":"Yaning Yang, Chengzhen Zhang, Wenying Chi, Bin Zheng, Xiaoqian Yu, Kaiyun Zhang, Guo Junzuo, Fanjun Meng","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041398","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The primary goal of this study was to identify the risk factors contributing to moderate-to-severe postoperative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and to create a predictive model for these risk factors. A retrospective analysis was performed on a cohort of 375 patients who underwent LSG at Jinan Central Hospital from January 2017 to June 2023. Data for this study was extracted using medical databases. Patients were classified into 2 groups based on their postoperative pain levels: those experiencing moderate-to-severe pain and those not experiencing moderate-to-severe pain. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to determine which variables were significantly associated with moderate-to-severe pain. Receiver operating characteristic curves were utilized to assess the diagnostic efficacy of different indicators. Additionally, calibration curves and clinical decision curves were applied for model validation. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis identified age, body mass index (BMI), and the modified frailty index (mFI) as independent risk factors for moderate-to-severe postoperative pain in LSG patients. Based on the regression analysis, a predictive model was constructed. The receiver operating characteristic curve for this model demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.96 (95% CI: 0.94-0.97), indicating excellent discriminatory ability between patients likely and unlikely to experience moderate-to-severe pain post-surgery. A scoring system was developed from the predictive model, assigning points to each risk factor. BMI was the most significant predictor (100 points), followed by mFI (30 points) and age (15 points). Calibration analysis showed that the predicted values closely matched the actual values, with a mean error of 0.008, indicating high accuracy of the model. Clinical decision analysis demonstrated a positive net benefit when the threshold probability ranged from 0.001 to 0.999, suggesting broad applicability of the model in clinical decision-making. Age, BMI, and mFI are significant predictors of moderate-to-severe postoperative pain in patients undergoing LSG.</p>","PeriodicalId":18549,"journal":{"name":"Medicine","volume":"104 6","pages":"e41398"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11813011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An asymptomatic ectopic impacted tooth in the mandibular ramus region with congenital loss of the second lower right premolar: A rare case report.","authors":"Shencong Xu, Mingyi Ji, Chengrui Xu, Junfeng Xu","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041367","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Ectopic teeth may be supernumerary, deciduous, or permanent and rarely occur in the general population, with an incidence of ≈0.1% to 1% according to the literature. This report presents a rare case of an ectopic impacted tooth in the mandibular ramus region, aiming to enhance clinical recognition of this condition and explore the etiology of the ectopic tooth.</p><p><strong>Patient concerns: </strong>In a patient with an asymptomatic ectopic impacted tooth in the mandibular ramus region, accompanied by congenital loss of the second lower right premolar, we found an ectopic impacted tooth in the mandibular ramus region.</p><p><strong>Diagnoses: </strong>Ectopic teeth, impacted teeth, and congenital loss of the second lower right premolar.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>The impacted tooth was not extracted, and regular oral radiographs were obtained every year. For congenital loss of the second lower right premolar, we recommend implant restoration in the position of the second right mandibular premolar.</p><p><strong>Outcomes: </strong>The patient accepted our recommendation and underwent implant restoration at the position of the second right mandibular premolar.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>Asymptomatic ectopic impacted teeth in the mandibular ramus region are rare. Dental development is a complex process that is influenced by a variety of factors, including genetic or acquired factors, and is regulated at many levels and in different time periods; however, it is still not clear.</p>","PeriodicalId":18549,"journal":{"name":"Medicine","volume":"104 6","pages":"e41367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11813051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High prevalence of primary aldosteronism in a tertiary care hospital in Lebanon.","authors":"Isabelle Jambart, Rebecca Kassab, Marie-Hélène Gannagé-Yared, Roland Kassab, Charbel Naim, Nada El Ghorayeb","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041384","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a frequent cause of secondary hypertension. Studies on the prevalence of PA are lacking in the Middle East region. To determine the proportion of patients with high aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR) among Lebanese patients with hypertension screened for PA and to compare their clinical and biological characteristics with patients with essential hypertension. A retrospective review of medical charts of patients with hypertension undergoing sampling of serum aldosterone and plasma renin concentration at a tertiary care center between October 2022 and 2023 was conducted. Of 144 patients with hypertension screened for PA, 23 (16%) had an ARR higher than 3.7 ng/dL/mU/L and serum aldosterone above 15 ng/dL. The mean age of the screened population was 51 ± 15 years, 56% were men. The median duration of hypertension was 4 years and the median number was 2 of antihypertensive medications. Patients with a positive screening test were mostly men (88%, P = .0001), and more frequently had diabetes (50%, P < .0001) than those with essential hypertension. Only 22% had hypokalemia. Of the 23 patients, 11 underwent intravenous saline suppression testing; PA was confirmed in all of them. The high frequency of PA in our center is comparable to other countries. More studies are needed to determine how to reduce healthcare disparities and overcome the barriers to appropriate diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18549,"journal":{"name":"Medicine","volume":"104 6","pages":"e41384"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11813023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ICSI/IVF treatments allocation using CASAs compared to manual semen analyses.","authors":"Murong Xu, Mingpeng Zhao, Huixia Yang, Minqi Liu, Carol Pui Shan Chan, Ka Kei Fung, Jacqueline Pui Wah Chung, Ellis Kin Lam Fok, David Yiu Leung Chan","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041501","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The manual method of semen analysis is vital in andrology laboratories. To solve the labor-intensive, time-consuming, and subjective problem, computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) systems have been developed. However, it is unclear whether the consistency of semen analysis results especially in male infertility diagnoses can be achieved. A total of 326 individuals were recruited from January 14, 2020, to October 22, 2020. The manual method was used as the gold standard. Pairwise comparisons were conducted between CASAs (Hamilton-Thorne CEROS II Clinical, LensHooke X1 Pro, and SQA-V Gold Sperm Quality Analyzer) and manual method. LensHooke had the best performance in concentration, while the others showed moderate performances (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]: CEROS-0.723, LensHooke-0.842, SQA-V-0.631). CEROS II had moderate performances in motility, and the others only had poor agreements (ICC: CEROS-0.634, LensHooke-0.417, SQA-V-0.451). Morphology analyses were not consistent with manual results (ICC: LensHooke-0.160, SQA-V-0.261). In Bland-Altman plots, CEROS II (P = .379) and SQA-V Gold (P = .218) showed consistent measurements in concentrations and total sperm count with the manual method, while the others were inconsistent. LensHooke X1 Pro (κ=0.701) and CEROS II (κ = 0.664) showed substantial performances in oligozoospermia, and SQA-V Gold had moderate agreements (κ = 0.588). In asthenozoospermia, LensHooke X1 Pro had moderate performances (κ = 0.405) and CEROS II had fair agreement (κ = 0.249), while low agreement using SQA-V Gold (κ = 0.157). In teratozoospermia, LensHooke X1 Pro (κ = 0.177) and SQA-V Gold (κ = 0.008) could not have consistent results either. When choosing treatment based on morphology, the ratio of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) approximates 0.5 in our unit. However, the ratios were around 0.31 and 0.15 using LensHooke X1 Pro and SQA-V Gold, indicating the reduction of ICSI work in routine treatment. CASA results were not consistent with manual results, and the deviations might result in skewed in vitro fertilization/ICSI allocation in subsequent treatment. Interestingly, tested CASA systems tend to skew to conventional in vitro fertilization instead of ICSI. Although CASA technologies have been improving recently, the manual method cannot be replaced by the tested CASA systems at present and the results should be treated with caution. CASA algorithms should be improved, especially in morphology. Future strict studies should be designed to evaluate the CASA systems with both internal and external validations.</p>","PeriodicalId":18549,"journal":{"name":"Medicine","volume":"104 6","pages":"e41501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11813069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity associated with age at menopause: A Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Xiqiao Sun","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041514","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In previous observational studies, physical activity may have an impact on the age at menopause (ANM), potentially delaying or advancing the onset of menopause. However, the causal relationship between physical activity and age at menopause remains unclear. Therefore, we designed a 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and mediation MR study to explore the causal relationship between physical activity and ANM and to identify potential mediating factors such as BMI, insomnia, hypertension and hyperglycemia. We investigated the causal link between physical activity and age at menopause using 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and tested for potential mediators using 2-step MR. Our approach includes IVW and other MR methods and uses a variety of sensitivity tests to verify the robustness of the results. In 2-sample MR analysis, moderate physical activity was associated with delayed age at menopause (β = 0.64, 95% CI = [0.02-1.26], P = .04), but there was no evidence of a causal relationship between vigorous physical activity and age at menopause (P = .68).In contrast, a 2-step MR method showed that body mass index (BMI) mediated the effects of physical activity and delayed age at menopause (proportion mediated, 4.9%, 95% CI = 0.8 to 8%; P = .02), whereas the mediating effects of insomnia, hypertension and hyperglycemia were not significant. Our study shows that moderate physical activity can delay the age of menopause and is informative for the prevention of ovarian failure and the maintenance of women's reproductive health.</p>","PeriodicalId":18549,"journal":{"name":"Medicine","volume":"104 6","pages":"e41514"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11813050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the relationship between sex, gender, and hypertension: A federated analysis of European and Canadian Public Health Surveys.","authors":"Zahra Azizi, Simon Linder, María Del Carmen Macías Ruiz, Pouria Alipour, Valeria Raparelli, Colleen M Norris, Karolina Kublickiene, Alexandra Kautzky-Willer, Peter Klimek, Khaled El Emam, Emiliano Fernandez Villalba, Maria Trinidad Herrero, Louise Pilote","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041021","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While gendered psycho-socio-cultural factors are recognized as major determinants of cardiovascular health, their contribution to our understanding of their effect on hypertension (HTN) in each country is poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated the role of these factors in HTN prevalence, focusing on sex- and gender-specific differences across countries. Data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (2015-2016, N = 109,659, women: 56.6%) and the European Health Interview Survey (2013-2015, N = 316,333, women: 51.3%) were analyzed. Primary endpoint was defined as HTN prevalence within 1-year. Relationship and interaction between sex, gender, and country with HTN prevalence were assessed using multivariate models. Federated analysis was conducted using DataShield. Prevalence of HTN was higher in Canada compared to Europe (30.1% vs 22.4%, P < .001). Amongst European countries, living in the Central-East region was associated with a greater risk of developing HTN. Women in the southern and central-east regions had higher prevalence of HTN. There was a significant interaction between socioeconomic status and sex in country-stratified analysis. This was more evident in central-east and southern countries compared to northern, western nations and Canada, where women with lower socioeconomic status, income, and education had a greater risk of developing HTN. Similar trends were observed regardless of country in women who were divorced or widowed. While immigrants were at higher risk of HTN, those in northern and southern Europe were at lower risk compared to central-east region. Sex- and gender-related factors and country should be considered in the prevention and control of HTN.</p>","PeriodicalId":18549,"journal":{"name":"Medicine","volume":"104 6","pages":"e41021"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11813065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between obstructive sleep apnea and chronic kidney disease: A cross-sectional and Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Shaokang Wang, Yupei Cheng, Zhe Zhang, Wei Liu, Mi Ou, Tianlong Yin, Yalu Meng, Haipeng Ban, Wenlong Gu, Xianggang Meng, Lili Zhang, Yuzheng Du","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041437","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous observational studies have shown that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was associated with chronic kidney disease(CKD). Early diagnosis of OSA usually helps better prevent the occurrence of CKD. This cross-sectional investigation was conducted using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which was carried out between 2007 to 2008 and 2015 to 2016. Logistic regression model was employed to assess the impact of OSA on CKD. We did a mediation analysis to assess how much of the effect of OSA on CKD was mediated through mediators. Additionally, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis assessed the causal link between OSA and various measures of renal impairment and possible mediators: obesity, hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In the cross-sectional study, the results of unadjusted model showed that participants with OSA had a higher risk of CKD compared to non-OSA (OR = 1.14, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.01-1.28, P < .05). In mediation analysis, the proportion of hypertension and obesity mediating the effect of OSA on CKD was 41.83% and 30.74%, respectively. Univariate MR analysis results showed that: genetically predicted OSA was associated with decreased estimated glomerular filtration ratecystatin c (eGFRcystatin c) level (OR = 0.997, 95% CI: 0.995-0.999, P < .05), increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels (OR = 1.023, 95% CI: 1.008-1.038, P < .05), increased serum creatinine levels (OR = 1.010, 95% CI: 1.002-1.018, P < .05), increased serum cystatin C levels (OR = 1.015, 95% CI: 1.005-1.026, P < .05). Multivariable MR results showed that obesity mediated the causal effect of OSA on eGFRcystatin c, BUN levels and serum cystatin C levels. The cross-sectional study revealed a positive relationship between OSA and CKD, which was mediated by hypertension and obesity. The MR analysis suggest that OSA was associated with several measures of renal impairment, which was mediated by obesity. These findings may inform prevention and intervention strategies against CKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":18549,"journal":{"name":"Medicine","volume":"104 6","pages":"e41437"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11812998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Granulocytic sarcoma as an initial manifestation of acute promyelocytic leukemia: A case report with literature review.","authors":"Yuyang Liu, Xiao Huang","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041365","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is a rare tumor consisting of myeloid blasts with or without maturation and occurs in sites other than the bone marrow. Due to its low prevalence, clinical cases and pathogenesis need to be studied. Therefore, we present a rare case of humerus GS occurring simultaneously with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and studied a retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics and related treatment strategies, hoping that it could help to standardize the early diagnosis and treatment of APL/GS.</p><p><strong>Patient concerns: </strong>We present a case of humerus GS complicated with APL in a 22-year-old woman who experienced pain in right clavicle and shoulder for 6 months without any cause. While the aggravated pain were persistent for 2 months, causing limited movement of her right upper arm.</p><p><strong>Diagnoses: </strong>The presence of tumor in her right proximal humerus and end of clavicle was revealed by positron emission tomography-computed tomography. Subsequently, the mass collected during the operation was confirmed to be GS by the pathological immunohistochemical examination. Further progression to APL was based on marrow smears, flow cytometry, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and PML/RARα gene detection.</p><p><strong>Interventions and outcomes: </strong>The patient underwent the tumorectomy, and then received 28-day induction therapy with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) (25 mg/m2/d) and arsenic trioxide. The posttreatment bone marrow smear and flow cytometry showed that she was in a complete remission. Consolidation treatment was performed with ATRA 25 mg/m2 PO BID for 2 weeks every 4 weeks and arsenic trioxide 0.16 mg/kg IV 5 days a week for 4 weeks every 8 weeks for a total of 6 cycles. Currently, the patient was routinely followed-up at an outpatient clinic, and has been maintained complete remission for 15 months.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>We present an uncommon case of a humeral APL/GS, and conducted a comprehensive analysis of 28 cases of APL/GS. Despite the rarity of APL/GS, it should be diagnosed at an early stage. Furthermore, ATRA are recommended in the treatment plan of APL/GS.</p>","PeriodicalId":18549,"journal":{"name":"Medicine","volume":"104 6","pages":"e41365"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11812996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ovarian cancer causing hyperprolactinemia: A case report and narrative review.","authors":"Sandra Šakinienė, Džilda Veličkienė","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000040585","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MD.0000000000040585","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The most common cause of hyperprolactinemia is prolactinoma. In addition, it is necessary to exclude potential physiological and pharmacological factors as well as health disorders to determine the cause of hyperprolactinemia. However, few studies have linked elevated prolactin (PRL) levels to ovarian cancer (OC). OC cells can ectopically release PRL, which then attaches to PRL receptors (PRLRs) in ovarian tissue and initiates signaling cascades that induce OC carcinogenesis. Therefore, we can consider PRL as a biomarker or tumorigenesis factor for OC. Furthermore, both PRL and PRLRs are potential therapeutic targets. A 50-year-old female presented with complaints of breast enlargement, soreness, and hyperprolactinemia, in addition to advanced OC. Hyperprolactinemia along with advanced high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Due to the patient's fear of confined spaces, magnetic resonance imaging of the pituitary gland under general anesthesia was prescribed to rule out pituitary pathology. Magnetic resonance imaging was not performed due to the deterioration of the underlying condition, and the patient died 2.5 years after the diagnosis of OC. Hyperprolactinemia caused by OC is a rare condition for which there is a lack of literature and case studies. PRL produced by OC tissue binds to PRLRs in an autocrine or paracrine manner, initiating signaling cascades that induce OC tumorigenesis. In combination with other biomarkers, PRL may serve as a biomarker for OC. To establish the relation between OC and elevated PRL levels, additional large-scale population studies are required, with diagnostic and treatment procedures coming first.</p>","PeriodicalId":18549,"journal":{"name":"Medicine","volume":"104 6","pages":"e40585"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11813068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}