Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Comparative effectiveness of massage combined with lifestyle intervention and lifestyle intervention alone for simple obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Gaofeng Wang, Hongyu Ju, Zepeng Zhang, Xingquan Wu, Heli Niu, Lili Zhang, Lili Chen, Huijuan Lou, Yonggang Yang","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041074","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to assess the comparative effectiveness of massage combined with lifestyle intervention and lifestyle intervention alone in patients with simple obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP Database, and Wanfang Data were searched. Meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Primary outcomes were body weight (BW) and body mass index (BMI). Secondary outcomes were waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting insulin (FINS), and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and adverse events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen randomized controlled trials were included. The meta-analysis showed that massage combined with lifestyle intervention significantly decreased BW (mean difference [MD]: -4.85; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -8.25 to -1.46; P = .005), BMI (MD: -2.65; 95% CI: -4.05 to -1.24; P = .0002), WC (MD: -3.63; 95% CI: -6.28 to -0.98; P = .007), TC (MD: -0.52; 95% CI: -0.84 to -0.20; P = .001), TG (MD: -0.23; 95% CI: -0.45 to -0.02; P = .003), LDL-C (MD: -0.48; 95% CI: -0.54 to -0.42; P < .00001), HDL-C (MD: -0.11; 95% CI: -0.17 to -0.05; P = .0004), FINS (MD: -1.64; 95% CI: -3.16 to -0.12; P = .03), and HOMA-IR (MD: -0.42; 95% CI: -0.65 to -0.18; P = .0005) compared with lifestyle intervention alone. In subgroup analyses, more obvious reduction in BMI (P = .02, I2 = 80.3%) for the children and adolescents subgroup, more obvious reduction in HC (P = .04, I2 = 76.1%) for the adults subgroup, more significant reduction in TC (P < .00001, I2 = 98.3%), LDL-C (P < .00001, I2 = 95.6%), and HDL-C (P < .0001, I2 = 94.1%) for intermittent treatment subgroup and more significant reduction in TC (P < .00001, I2 = 95.9%) and HDL-C (P < .0001, I2 = 94.1%) for treatment times ≤30 subgroup were detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared with lifestyle intervention alone, massage combined with lifestyle intervention significantly decreased BW, BMI, WC, TC, TG, LDL-C, FINS, and HOMA-IR, but produced less effect in increasing HDL-C. And different ages, treatment intervals, and treatment times can all affect treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18549,"journal":{"name":"Medicine","volume":"104 2","pages":"e41074"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142962255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study on blood pressure and metabolic improvements in hypertensive patients using copper bianstone scraping.","authors":"Ying Qian, Lan Yuan, Xing Zhang","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041133","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of the copper bianstone scraping combined with Chinese modified termination hypertension dietary therapy program by comparing and analyzing the improvement of blood pressure, blood lipids and blood glucose in hypertensive patients who received copper bianstone scraping combined with Chinese modified termination hypertension dietary therapy intervention. We selected 160 cases of hypertensive patients from July 2022 to March 2024 for the study. They were divided into 80 cases in the comparison group and 80 cases in the observation group according to whether or not they underwent copper bianstone scraping combined with Chinese modified dietary therapy for termination of hypertension. In the comparison group, conventional Chinese dietary therapy with improved termination of hypertension was used, and in the observation group, copper bianstone scraping combined with Chinese dietary therapy with improved termination of hypertension (DASH) was used on the basis of the comparison group. Differences in vitamin D, Homocysteine and serum calcium levels, blood pressure, blood glucose and lipid levels were compared between the 2 groups. The decreases of glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose in the observation group were greater than those in the comparison group; the decreases of blood pressure and BMI in the observation group were greater than those in the comparison group. The difference in comparison was statistically significant (P-value < 0.05). After the intervention, the improvement of homocysteine, vitamin D, serum calcium, albumin, hemoglobin and transferrin in the observation group was greater than that in the comparison group, and the difference was statistically significant (P-value < 0.05). Copper bianstone scraping combined with Chinese modified termination of hypertension dietary therapy in hypertensive patients has a better effect, can effectively improve the patient's blood glucose and lipid levels, improve the nutritional status of the patient, can be promoted in the rehabilitation management of hypertension.</p>","PeriodicalId":18549,"journal":{"name":"Medicine","volume":"104 2","pages":"e41133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142962261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary malignant melanoma of the vagina: A case report of a rare disease that is difficult to diagnose.","authors":"Soyoung Park, Jung-Woo Park, Seo-Hee Rha, Sujin Kim","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041259","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Malignant melanoma is a rare cancer that accounts for approximately 1% of all cancers. Primary malignant melanoma of the female genital tract accounts for approximately 3% to 7% of all malignant melanomas, and 0.3% to 0.8% of all melanomas in women. It affects postmenopausal women ages 60 to 80 years. Various hormonal factors, including puberty, pregnancy, menopause, oral contraceptive use, and human papillomavirus infection are associated with primary malignant melanoma of the vagina.</p><p><strong>Patient concerns: </strong>Symptoms often include vaginal bleeding, discharge, and pain; however, it can also present as pigmented or nonpigmented lesions, making diagnosis challenging.</p><p><strong>Diagnoses: </strong>Diagnosis involves detailed history, physical examination, and imaging (CT, MRI, and positron emission tomography). Immunohistochemical staining for markers, such as human melanoma black-45 and Melan-A, is crucial for confirmation. The diagnosis was made through careful physical examination, imaging studies, and immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>The treatment includes wide local excision, radical surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. The prognosis of primary malignant melanoma of the vagina is usually poor owing to late diagnosis, and the 5-year survival rate is 5% to 25%.</p><p><strong>Outcomes and lessons: </strong>To consider the possibility of primary malignant melanoma of vagina, postmenopausal women, particularly those who with human papillomavirus infection, should be performed thorough examination regardless of symptoms of vaginal bleeding or discharge.</p>","PeriodicalId":18549,"journal":{"name":"Medicine","volume":"104 2","pages":"e41259"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142962300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics and treatment differences between severe and non-severe neonatal types of pneumonia with RSV infection.","authors":"Chunxia Lei, Chunhui Wan","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041177","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the differences between children with severe and non-severe types of neonatal pneumonia is crucial for clinical treatment and disease management. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of infants with neonatal pneumonia diagnosed as respiratory syncytial virus infection at Wuhan Children's Hospital between December 1, 2022 and November 30, 2023. Further, the recruited subjects were categorized into severe and non-severe groups based on the severity score. The collected data included general information, symptoms and signs, chest imaging results, and examination indices of the children. Finally, the data between the groups were statistically analyzed using the R software. The data showed no significant differences between the critical and noncritical groups on several dimensions. The critical group presented a longer hospital stay, a higher percentage of cesarean deliveries, as well as a significantly higher incidence of shortness of breath and cyanosis than the noncritical group. Concerning the laboratory indices, the critical group exhibited lower hemoglobin levels and a faster heart rate than the noncritical group. In terms of life-saving measures, respiratory support and drugs were more frequently required in the critical group than in the noncritical group. The utilization of some specific antibiotics was higher in the critically ill group than in the noncritically ill group. In summary, the study clarified the differences between critically and noncritically ill children with neonatal pneumonia, which could lead to the development of individualized treatment plans and improved quality of life and prognosis of children.</p>","PeriodicalId":18549,"journal":{"name":"Medicine","volume":"104 2","pages":"e41177"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142962322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paraspinal synovial sarcoma mimicking tuberculosis: A case report and literature review.","authors":"Jie Liu, Xiajie Huang, Xinyun Liang, Xinhua Xian, Yangzhou Mo, Xiaomei Wu, William Lu, Jian Li, Yan Chen","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041256","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a rare and highly malignant soft tissue sarcoma. When SS occurs in atypical locations, it can present significant diagnostic challenges. We report a case of paraspinal SS initially misdiagnosed as spinal tuberculosis, highlighting the diagnostic difficulties and the importance of considering SS in the differential diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Patient concerns: </strong>A 23-year-old woman presented with progressively worsening lower left back pain over 3 weeks, accompanied by weakness and numbness in her left lower limb. She was initially misdiagnosed with spinal tuberculosis at 2 different hospitals based on weakly positive anti-tuberculosis antibodies and imaging findings. Despite ongoing anti-tuberculosis treatment, her condition continued to deteriorate.</p><p><strong>Diagnoses: </strong>The first surgery revealed findings inconsistent with spinal tuberculosis, but a tumor could not be excluded. However, the initial pathological biopsy was inconclusive. A second surgery confirmed the diagnosis of SS through histopathological examination.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>The patient underwent a second surgery for mass resection and biopsy confirmation. Unfortunately, by the time the correct diagnosis was made, the disease had metastasized to her lungs, and the optimal window for surgical intervention had been missed.</p><p><strong>Outcomes: </strong>The patient's delayed diagnosis resulted in extensive diffuse metastasis to both lungs, significantly impacting her survival.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>This case underscores the need to consider malignancies such as SS in the differential diagnosis of spinal lesions, particularly when clinical response to treatment is poor. Early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention are critical to improving patient outcomes. Our literature review provides further insights into the characteristics of paraspinal SS and strategies to prevent misdiagnosis, emphasizing the importance of early and accurate diagnosis to enhance patient survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":18549,"journal":{"name":"Medicine","volume":"104 2","pages":"e41256"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142962221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional cure of a young child with chronic hepatitis B cirrhosis treated by pegylated interferon α combination therapy: A case report.","authors":"Yu Gan, Hongfei Zhang","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041103","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Current research on antiviral treatment in children is relatively limited, especially in children under 1 year old.</p><p><strong>Patient concerns: </strong>Liu XX, an 8-month-old infant (case number: 3001120473), presented to the hospital in August 2016 with a chief complaint of being \"hepatitis B surface antigen positive for 8 months and experiencing abnormal liver function for 5 months.\"</p><p><strong>Diagnoses: </strong>The patient was diagnosed as chronic hepatitis B cirrhosis (G3S3-4) with active compensatory phase.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>The treatment regimen commenced with lamivudine (LAM) for the initial 8 weeks, followed by the addition of interferon α (IFNα) after 1 year of age. At 2 years old, LAM was substituted with entecavir, and at 3 years old, IFNα was replaced with pegylated interferon α (PEG IFNα).</p><p><strong>Outcomes: </strong>After 8 weeks of LAM monotherapy, Liu XX experienced hepatitis B e antigen loss. Subsequently, after 36 weeks of IFNα add-on therapy, hepatitis B virus DNA became undetectable, and after 48 weeks of switching to PEG IFNα treatment, hepatitis B surface antigen loss was observed. Remarkably, following 50 weeks of drug discontinuation, the child remained functionally cured.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>Chronic hepatitis B virus-infected infants and young children can achieve durable functional cure with PEG IFNα-based individualized therapy. This case provides a valuable reference for the diagnosis and treatment of such patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":18549,"journal":{"name":"Medicine","volume":"104 2","pages":"e41103"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142962225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of warm needle moxibustion and gua sha nursing care on sleep quality and psychological stress in insomnia patients undergoing eszopiclone tablet treatment: A retrospective study.","authors":"Linlin Fan, Caiyun Wu, Changxia Lu","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041025","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This retrospective study aims to assess the adjunctive efficacy of warm needle moxibustion and gua sha care in the treatment of eszopiclone tablets on sleep quality and psychological stress in insomnia patients. Data of 138 insomnia patients from Gansu Baoshihua hospital between January and December 2022 were collected. Patients were bifurcated into 2 groups: those solely treated with eszopiclone (n = 71) and those administered a combined regimen of eszopiclone, warm needle moxibustion, and gua sha (n = 67). Sleep quality, psychological stress, and daytime drowsiness were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), respectively. Adverse effects were also monitored. Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics were comparable between the 2 groups. Post-intervention, the intervention group exhibited significant reductions in PSQI and ESS scores (P < .05), whereas the control group showed no significant changes. The PSS-10 scores remained unchanged in both groups post-intervention. The intervention group reported a significant decrease in the prevalence of nausea and dizziness posttreatment (P < .05), with a notably lower post-intervention nausea prevalence compared to the control group (P < .05). Incorporating warm needle moxibustion and gua sha nursing care into the eszopiclone treatment regimen potentially amplify sleep quality while reducing side effects in patients with insomnia.</p>","PeriodicalId":18549,"journal":{"name":"Medicine","volume":"104 2","pages":"e41025"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142962254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internal fixation vs manual reduction in the treatment of ankle fracture healing and inflammation: A case-control study.","authors":"Yaheng Wei, Zuoming Yang","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041071","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ankle fractures are among the most common bone injuries, which are often accompanied by soft tissue injuries. Proper management of these fractures is crucial to promote healing and minimize complications. This study explores the effects of 2 treatment methods for ankle fractures: open reduction and internal fixation and manual reduction followed by plaster external fixation. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 124 patients with ankle fractures admitted between March 2020 and September 2022. Patients were divided into 2 groups: 62 received internal fixation and 62 received manual reduction with plaster external fixation. The study evaluated various clinical outcomes, including treatment effectiveness, recovery times, the incidence of nonunion, ankle joint function and inflammatory factors, and complication rates. The internal fixation group showed a significantly higher effective treatment rate (96.77%) compared to the non-internal fixation group (85.48%). After treatment, the internal fixation group had significantly lower medial malleolus space and talus tilt angles, indicating better fracture alignment. The internal fixation group also had shorter treatment, postoperative recovery, and functional recovery times. Furthermore, the incidence of nonunion and complications was lower in the internal fixation group. Inflammatory markers such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) decreased significantly in the internal fixation group compared to the non-internal fixation group. Internal fixation is more effective than manual reduction and plaster external fixation for treating ankle fractures. It leads to better fracture healing, shorter recovery times, and fewer complications, including nonunion. Manual reduction with external fixation remains a viable option but may be associated with a higher risk of nonunion and delayed healing. Early and effective management of soft tissue injuries is crucial for improving treatment outcomes in ankle fractures.</p>","PeriodicalId":18549,"journal":{"name":"Medicine","volume":"104 2","pages":"e41071"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142962256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spontaneous retroperitoneal hematoma after COVID-19 infection: A case report.","authors":"Xi Chen, Zheng Li, Liangping Zou, Yupin Lan, Xiaoling Wu, Hui Wang","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041077","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Spontaneous retroperitoneal hematoma (SRH) is a rare but potentially fatal condition, often associated with anticoagulation therapy. With the global prevalence of COVID-19 and the widespread use of anticoagulants in its management, there is an increasing need to recognize rare but serious complications like SRH. This case report aims to emphasize the importance of early recognition and intervention of SRH in patients with COVID-19 undergoing anticoagulation therapy, to improve patient outcomes and reduce mortality.</p><p><strong>Diagnoses: </strong>An 86-year-old male with a history of COVID-19 presented with recurrent cough, hemoptysis, and fever. Initial treatment included antiviral and anticoagulant therapy. The patient later developed abdominal distension, pain, and eventually hypovolemic shock, leading to the diagnosis of SRH confirmed by imaging and a significant drop in hemoglobin levels.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>The patient received comprehensive supportive care, including noninvasive ventilation, antiviral therapy, and anticoagulants. Upon the onset of SRH, emergency interventions included fluid resuscitation, vasopressors, and interventional embolization of the bleeding vessels.</p><p><strong>Outcomes: </strong>The patient initially responded well to COVID-19 treatment but developed SRH, which was managed successfully with interventional embolization. Post-procedure, the patient's vital signs stabilized, hemoglobin levels gradually increased without the need for further transfusions, and he regained full consciousness. Over the following weeks, the patient showed continuous improvement, with resolution of abdominal pain and a return to baseline mobility. He was discharged in stable condition with scheduled follow-ups.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>This case underscores the critical need for vigilance in monitoring patients on anticoagulation therapy, particularly those with COVID-19, for signs of SRH. Early recognition and prompt intervention are essential to improve outcomes. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for SRH in patients presenting with unexplained abdominal pain and hypovolemic shock, even in the absence of typical risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":18549,"journal":{"name":"Medicine","volume":"104 2","pages":"e41077"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142962262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailoring glaucoma education using large language models: Addressing health disparities in patient comprehension.","authors":"Aidin C Spina, Pirooz Fereydouni, Jordan N Tang, Saman Andalib, Bryce G Picton, Austin R Fox","doi":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041059","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MD.0000000000041059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluates the efficacy of GPT-4, a Large Language Model, in simplifying medical literature for enhancing patient comprehension in glaucoma care. GPT-4 was used to transform published abstracts from 3 glaucoma journals (n = 62) and patient education materials (Patient Educational Model [PEMs], n = 9) to a 5th-grade reading level. GPT-4 was also prompted to generate de novo educational outputs at 6 different education levels (5th Grade, 8th Grade, High School, Associate's, Bachelor's and Doctorate). Readability of both transformed and de novo materials was quantified using Flesch Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) and Flesch Reading Ease (FKRE) Score. Latent semantic analysis (LSA) using cosine similarity was applied to assess content consistency in transformed materials. The transformation of abstracts resulted in FKGL decreasing by an average of 3.21 points (30%, P < .001) and FKRE increasing by 28.6 points (66%, P < .001). For PEMs, FKGL decreased by 2.38 points (28%, P = .0272) and FKRE increased by 12.14 points (19%, P = .0459). LSA revealed high semantic consistency, with an average cosine similarity of 0.861 across all abstracts and 0.937 for PEMs, signifying topical themes were quantitatively shown to be consistent. This study shows that GPT-4 effectively simplifies medical information about glaucoma, making it more accessible while maintaining textual content. The improved readability scores for both transformed materials and GPT-4 generated content demonstrate its usefulness in patient education across different educational levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":18549,"journal":{"name":"Medicine","volume":"104 2","pages":"e41059"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142962267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}