Medicine, Science and the Law最新文献_第8页

Co-location of specialized mental health services in an intimate partner violence advocacy organization. 在亲密伴侣暴力倡导组织内设立专门的心理健康服务机构。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-22 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231195496

Obianuju O Berry, Phyllis Kaufman, Marina Weiss, Elizabeth Fitelson, Catherine Monk

{"title":"Co-location of specialized mental health services in an intimate partner violence advocacy organization.","authors":"Obianuju O Berry, Phyllis Kaufman, Marina Weiss, Elizabeth Fitelson, Catherine Monk","doi":"10.1177/00258024231195496","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024231195496","url":null,"abstract":"Historically, services for intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors predominantly focused on advocacy, resulting in service gaps for IPV survivors who need mental health care. When mental health services are offered, there are several barriers that limit treatment engagement. To address these gaps, a novel, integrated care model, comprised of psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, and social workers were embedded into the five New York City (NYC) Family Justice Centers (FJCs), to provide free co-located mental health care to adult survivors of IPV alongside the existing advocacy, social, and legal services. This article reports on the evaluation of the Health + Hospitals Family Justice Center Mental Health Program (FJCMHP) via: (i) seven focus groups with FJC clients and staff and Health + Hospitals (H+H) clinicians; and (ii) de-identified online surveys completed by 53 FJC clients and 130 FJC staff. Clients reported increased access to care, with 67.2% seeing a mental health clinician within two weeks of a request, and improvement in symptom relief, including sleep, mood, irritability, reduction in thoughts of self-harm, improved relationships with others, especially their children, and improved self-efficacy in parenting skills. Additionally, FJC staff reported satisfaction with the FJCMHP model, and increased understanding of clients' mental health needs. The evaluation results highlight the feasibility and tolerability of integrated mental health services in a non-medical setting. The evaluation also identifies areas for improvement, as well as the strengths of an integrated, multidisciplinary mental health service program for IPV survivors co-located in a non-medical, advocacy setting.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"138-149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10041391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Applicability of the Suchey-Brooks method for age estimation in an Indian population: A computed tomography-based exploration using Bayesian analysis and machine learning. Suchey-Brooks 年龄估计方法在印度人口中的适用性：利用贝叶斯分析和机器学习进行的基于计算机断层扫描的探索。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-25 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231188799

Varsha Warrier, Rutwik Shedge, Pawan Kumar Garg, Shilpi Gupta Dixit, Kewal Krishan, Tanuj Kanchan

{"title":"Applicability of the Suchey-Brooks method for age estimation in an Indian population: A computed tomography-based exploration using Bayesian analysis and machine learning.","authors":"Varsha Warrier, Rutwik Shedge, Pawan Kumar Garg, Shilpi Gupta Dixit, Kewal Krishan, Tanuj Kanchan","doi":"10.1177/00258024231188799","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024231188799","url":null,"abstract":"Age estimation occupies a prominent niche in the identification process. In cases where skeletal remains present for examination, age is often estimated from markers distributed throughout the skeletal framework. Within the pelvis, the pubic symphysis constitutes one of the more commonly utilized skeletal markers for age estimation, with the Suchey-Brooks method comprising one of the more commonly employed methods for pubic symphyseal age estimation. The present study was targeted towards assessing the applicability of the Suchey-Brooks method for pubic symphyseal age estimation, an aspect largely unreported for an Indian population. In order to do so, clinically undertaken pelvic computed tomography scans of individuals were evaluated using the Suchey-Brooks method, and the error associated with the method was established using Bayesian analysis and different machine learning regression models. Amongst different supervised machine learning models, support vector regression and random forest furnished lowest error computations in both sexes. Using both Bayesian analysis and machine learning, lower error computations were observed in females, suggesting that the method demonstrates greater applicability for this sex. Inaccuracy and root mean square error obtained with Bayesian analysis and machine learning illustrates that both statistical modalities furnish comparable error computations for pubic symphyseal age estimation using the Suchey-Brooks method. However, given the numerous advantages associated with machine learning, it is recommended to use the same within medicolegal settings. Error computations obtained with the Suchey-Brooks method, regardless of the statistical modality utilized, indicate that the method should be used in amalgamation with additional markers to garner accurate estimates of age.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"126-137"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10247878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Increased incidence of mixed drug toxicity deaths involving tapentadol - A forensic study. 涉及他喷他多的混合药物中毒死亡病例增加--一项法医研究。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231183504

Lilli Stephenson, Corinna van den Heuvel, Melissa Humphries, Timothy Scott, Roger W Byard

引用次数: 0

Narabali: A rare case of human sacrifice. 纳拉巴利：罕见的人祭案例。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-07 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231173347

Harshwardhan Khushalrao Khartade, Shikha Shrivastava, Priyanka Kumarsen Meshram, Vikas Meshram, Ponnambily Ponnappan

{"title":"Narabali: A rare case of human sacrifice.","authors":"Harshwardhan Khushalrao Khartade, Shikha Shrivastava, Priyanka Kumarsen Meshram, Vikas Meshram, Ponnambily Ponnappan","doi":"10.1177/00258024231173347","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024231173347","url":null,"abstract":"With modern civilization and the rise in literacy, cases of human sacrifice are rarely encountered by forensic practitioners. Human sacrifice, also called 'Narabali' in India, involves an act of deliberately killing an individual due to ritualistic beliefs for the appeasement of the Gods, spirits, or ancestors. Human sacrifice and ritual murder are often considered synonymous, but ritual murder further involves offering the body part to the deity after killing. Diverse methods were historically adopted for human sacrifice across the globe, strongly influenced by their superstitious, religious, and cultural beliefs. Cases of human sacrifice mostly involve children. We report the rare case of human sacrifice involving an adult victim assaulted by a sharp weapon over the posterior aspect of the neck. The deceased succumbed due to the transection of the cervical spine and corresponding spinal cord. Corroboration of circumstances of death and profiles of the deceased and the perpetrator with autopsy findings were essential in the investigation. This case report discusses extreme superstitions and beliefs, resulting in homicide.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"164-168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9793737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the asylum system. 庇护系统中的人工智能（AI）。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1177/00258024241227721

Amina Memon, Zoe Given-Wilson, Derya Ozkul, Karen McGregor Richmond, Julia Muraszkiewicz, Ella Weldon, Cornelius Katona

引用次数: 0

Medically assisted suicide in Italy: Recent legal developments on a controversial topic. 意大利的医疗协助自杀：一个有争议话题的最新法律进展。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231182373

Rossana Cecchi, Matilde Sassani, Francesco Saverio Romolo, Alfredo Rovito, Massimo Montisci, Vittoria Masotti, Alessandra Sannella

引用次数: 0

Recidivism risk in male adult sex offenders with psychopathic traits assessed by PCL-R: A systematic review. PCL-R评估具有精神变态特征的男性成年性犯罪者的累犯风险：一项系统综述。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-24 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231187186

Giulia Moretti, Emma Flutti, Miriana Colanino, Danila Ferlito, Livio Amoresano, Guido Travaini

{"title":"Recidivism risk in male adult sex offenders with psychopathic traits assessed by PCL-R: A systematic review.","authors":"Giulia Moretti, Emma Flutti, Miriana Colanino, Danila Ferlito, Livio Amoresano, Guido Travaini","doi":"10.1177/00258024231187186","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024231187186","url":null,"abstract":"Psychopathy has been empirically associated with various forms of antisocial behavior including sexual assault. In fact, the lack of empathy characterizing psychopathic offenders may facilitate the perpetration of more extreme violence. This systematic review aims to explore the relationship between psychopathy traits in male adult sex offenders and the increase in recidivism risk for any type of reoffence, with a special focus on sexual recidivism. From an initial sample of 757 articles related to the topic, only 14 were selected from the current literature at the end of the inclusion process. Each of these assessed the relation between psychopathy traits (measured by PCL-R) and recidivism risk in male sex offenders (age > 18), providing an effect size (quantitative findings). The results of their analysis agree with the currently available literature: the presence of psychopathic traits in sex offenders would seem to correlate with an increased risk of recidivism of general but non-sexual. Furthermore, almost half of the included works highlighted a positive relationship between psychopathy and violent reoffences. However, the limited availability of studies and the unevenness in their results indicate the need to expand future research in this direction.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"41-51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9865722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Age estimation in the combined long bones and ribs by histomorphometry: Past, present, and future. 用组织形态测量法估计长骨和肋骨的年龄:过去、现在和未来。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231208280

Treerat Gumpangseth, Pasuk Mahakkanukrauh

{"title":"Age estimation in the combined long bones and ribs by histomorphometry: Past, present, and future.","authors":"Treerat Gumpangseth, Pasuk Mahakkanukrauh","doi":"10.1177/00258024231208280","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024231208280","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous age estimation methods in unidentified bone have been a long time developing for application in forensic anthropology. The histomorphometric technique is one of the alternative methods that relied upon the evaluation of the cortical bone microstructure over the lifespan as a result of the remodeling process in bone. Remodeling is a sophisticated event occurring from the coupled function of bone formation and resorption cells for maintaining mineral homeostasis and repairment of microdamage in bone tissue. Products derived from remodeling are primary changes in the osteon or haversian system in various regions in the cortical bone, including periosteum, endosteum, and trabecular bone. Throughout life, bone remodeling rate with osteon alteration can be predictable. In the forensic field, histological methods are getting more attention due to the unavailability of macroscopic methods. Histomorphometry approach can be accomplished in fragmentary or incomplete bone remains indicating the limited use of gross morphological methods. In addition, the microscopic methods can aid to increase the more accuracy of analyses and diminish the biased subjective assessment for determining age. Most histomorphometry method utilizes a cross-section of the midshaft of the long bones including the mandible, rib, and clavicle. This review provides the basic knowledge of bone biology and anatomy, several age-estimating methods of histology, and crucial factors for age methods. Studies regarding overall age determination methods from the past until now contribute to obtaining more benefits for developing methods of histomorphometry using human bone in forensic identification.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"52-71"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50158314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Changes in the characteristics of suicide in Japan in the third year of the COVID-19 pandemic and the importance of continued suicide prevention measures. COVID-19 大流行第三年日本自杀特征的变化以及继续采取自杀预防措施的重要性。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231165432

Ken Inoue, Yasuyuki Fujita, Noriyuki Kawano, Masaharu Hoshi, Tatsushige Fukunaga

引用次数: 0

Transnational comparison of the impact of COVID-19 on medicolegal death investigations and the administration of justice: Early stages of the pandemic. 跨国比较 COVID-19 对法医死亡调查和司法的影响：大流行病的早期阶段。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231182361

Vienna C Lam, Steff King, Sheryl C Fabian, Gail S Anderson

引用次数: 0