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A review of the estimation of postmortem interval using forensic entomology 利用法医昆虫学估算死后间隔时间的综述
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1177/00258024241275893
John Oladapo Obafunwa, Amanda Roe, Leon Higley
{"title":"A review of the estimation of postmortem interval using forensic entomology","authors":"John Oladapo Obafunwa, Amanda Roe, Leon Higley","doi":"10.1177/00258024241275893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00258024241275893","url":null,"abstract":"The postmortem interval (PMI) is a crucial factor in death investigations. For PMIs exceeding 24 h the forensic pathologist must turn to other specialties that focus on decompositional ecology of animals, including humans. Primary among these specialties is forensic entomology. Here, we review the importance of forensic entomology in estimating the PMI, and we examine the factors that influence these estimates. Among key concerns are environmental factors, especially temperature, and aspects of insect biology. Additionally, we examine current methods used for calculating PMI based on insects and their development.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142265059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fatal cerebral air embolism post esophageal endoscopy with dilatation: A case report. 食管内窥镜扩张术后致命的脑空气栓塞：病例报告。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.1177/00258024241227712
Pieter Bothma, Mohammed Asim Hussain
{"title":"Fatal cerebral air embolism post esophageal endoscopy with dilatation: A case report.","authors":"Pieter Bothma, Mohammed Asim Hussain","doi":"10.1177/00258024241227712","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024241227712","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"250-251"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139491313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Social care in prisons: Urgent development required. 监狱中的社会关怀：急需发展。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-25 DOI: 10.1177/00258024241233462
Adam O'Neill, Jenny Shaw, Emma Plugge, Nicola Brimblecombe, Claire Hargreaves, Catherine Robinson, Katrina Forsyth
{"title":"Social care in prisons: Urgent development required.","authors":"Adam O'Neill, Jenny Shaw, Emma Plugge, Nicola Brimblecombe, Claire Hargreaves, Catherine Robinson, Katrina Forsyth","doi":"10.1177/00258024241233462","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024241233462","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"175-178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139972575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A proposed method for differentiating knives from cut marks on bone: A forensic anthropological approach. 从骨头上的切割痕迹区分刀具的拟议方法：法医人类学方法。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-16 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231198912
Melodi Ghui, Constantine Eliopoulos, Matteo Borrini
{"title":"A proposed method for differentiating knives from cut marks on bone: A forensic anthropological approach.","authors":"Melodi Ghui, Constantine Eliopoulos, Matteo Borrini","doi":"10.1177/00258024231198912","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024231198912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Knife cut marks have been extensively studied in forensic literature, and the results have been beneficial in identifying both the cut mark and implement type on bone. For this study, an assessment in differentiating knife cut marks has been attempted by using sword cut mark characteristics. In addition, a flowchart was created to assist in interpreting such marks. Knives of different serrations (non-serrated, macro- and micro-serrated) were used to inflict cut marks on pig ribs with a forward and backward stab thrust. The analysis revealed that some traits adapted from previous studies applied to knife cut marks and that non-serrated and serrated marks could be distinguished accurately using the flowchart. The distinction between different types of serrated blades was not as successful. However, results show that further research and development of the flowchart can be invaluable in similar analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"199-203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11168013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10272927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Police perspectives on the economic considerations of providing healthcare in short-term custodial settings in Australia. 澳大利亚警方对在短期拘留所提供医疗保健服务的经济考量的看法。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-10 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231198915
Caitlin Brandenburg, Julia Crilly, Stuart Thomas, Paul Gardiner, Stuart A Kinner, Ed Heffernan, Cathy Lincoln, Annabel Somerville, Peter Davidson, Daniel Wilson, David Green, Joshua Byrnes
{"title":"Police perspectives on the economic considerations of providing healthcare in short-term custodial settings in Australia.","authors":"Caitlin Brandenburg, Julia Crilly, Stuart Thomas, Paul Gardiner, Stuart A Kinner, Ed Heffernan, Cathy Lincoln, Annabel Somerville, Peter Davidson, Daniel Wilson, David Green, Joshua Byrnes","doi":"10.1177/00258024231198915","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024231198915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Providing appropriate healthcare to people in short-term police custody settings (i.e. watch-houses) is challenging due to the complexity of detainee health needs and the limitations of the custodial environment. However, little is known about how detainee healthcare is managed in Australia, including economic considerations. This study had two aims: (1) to understand police perspectives on the costs associated with the delivery of healthcare to watch-house detainees in Queensland, Australia and (2) to scope the applicability of the Prison Healthcare Expenditure Reporting Checklist (PHERC) tool for the Australian watch-house context. The study employed an exploratory qualitative descriptive approach. A purposive sample comprised 16 watch-house staff from six regions in Queensland, Australia, interviewed between April and November 2021. A key finding was that police viewed healthcare expenditure as a major, but largely unavoidable cost for Australian watch-houses. Participants reported that direct expenditure comprised mostly of in-house healthcare services (of which there were a variety of models), but also costs of medication and health-related consumables. Indirect costs included costs of escorting and guarding detainees requiring transfer to hospital for health assessment and treatment. Participants reported that the PHERC was not applicable to the Australian watch-house context. Future research should explore the cost-effectiveness of different watch-house healthcare delivery models and how best to measure this.</p>","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"217-223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10201762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Retraction notice. 撤稿通知。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2017-09-28 DOI: 10.1177/0025802417729780
{"title":"Retraction notice.","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/0025802417729780","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0025802417729780","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"NP1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35553026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Global adoption of facial recognition technology with special reference to India-Present status and future recommendations. 全球面部识别技术的采用情况，特别是印度的现状和未来建议。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-23 DOI: 10.1177/00258024241227717
Ankita Guleria, Kewal Krishan, Vishal Sharma, Tanuj Kanchan
{"title":"Global adoption of facial recognition technology with special reference to India-Present status and future recommendations.","authors":"Ankita Guleria, Kewal Krishan, Vishal Sharma, Tanuj Kanchan","doi":"10.1177/00258024241227717","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024241227717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The face is the most essential part of the human body, and because of its distinctive traits, it is crucial for recognizing people. Facial recognition technology (FRT) is one of the most successful and fascinating technologies of the modern times. The world is moving towards contactless FRT after the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to its contactless biometric characteristics, FRT is becoming quite popular worldwide. Businesses are replacing conventional fingerprint scanners with artificial intelligence-based FRT, opening up enormous commercial prospects. Security and surveillance, authentication/access control systems, digital healthcare, photo retrieval, etc., are some sectors where its use has become essential. In the present communication, we presented the global adoption of FRT, its rising trend in the market, utilization of the technology in various sectors, its challenges and rising concerns with special reference to India and worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"236-244"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139542552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The importance of enhancing suicide prevention measures for females in Japan based on suicide trends and global suicide epidemiology. 根据自杀趋势和全球自杀流行病学，探讨加强日本女性自杀预防措施的重要性。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-17 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231221345
Ken Inoue, Yuri Murayama, Yasuyuki Fujita, Tatsushige Fukunaga
{"title":"The importance of enhancing suicide prevention measures for females in Japan based on suicide trends and global suicide epidemiology.","authors":"Ken Inoue, Yuri Murayama, Yasuyuki Fujita, Tatsushige Fukunaga","doi":"10.1177/00258024231221345","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024231221345","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"248-249"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138806936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mental health care provision for segregated prisoners in England. 英格兰为隔离囚犯提供的心理保健服务。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1177/00258024241236022
Andrew Forrester
{"title":"Mental health care provision for segregated prisoners in England.","authors":"Andrew Forrester","doi":"10.1177/00258024241236022","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024241236022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"179-181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139983308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Machine learning and regression analysis for age estimation from the iliac crest based on computed tomographic explorations in an Indian population. 基于印度人口计算机断层扫描探查的髂嵴年龄估计机器学习和回归分析。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-05 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231198917
Varsha Warrier, Rutwik Shedge, Pawan Kumar Garg, Shilpi Gupta Dixit, Kewal Krishan, Tanuj Kanchan
{"title":"Machine learning and regression analysis for age estimation from the iliac crest based on computed tomographic explorations in an Indian population.","authors":"Varsha Warrier, Rutwik Shedge, Pawan Kumar Garg, Shilpi Gupta Dixit, Kewal Krishan, Tanuj Kanchan","doi":"10.1177/00258024231198917","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024231198917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Age estimation constitutes an integral parameter of identification. In children, sub-adults, and young adults, accurate age estimation is vital on various aspects of civil, criminal, and immigration law. The iliac crest presents as a suitable age marker within these age cohorts, and the modified Risser method constitutes a relatively novel and unexplored method for iliac crest age estimation. The present study attempted to ascertain the applicability of this modified method for age estimation in the Indian population, an aspect previously unexplored, through computed tomographic examination of the iliac crest. Computed tomography scans of consenting individuals undergoing routine examinations of the pelvis/ abdomen for various clinically indicated reasons were collected and scored using the modified Risser stages. Computed tomographic examinations of the iliac crest indicate that the recalibrated method accurately depicts the temporal progression of ossification and fusion changes. Different regression and machine learning models were subsequently derived and/or trained to evaluate the accuracy and precision associated with the method. Amongst the ten regression models derived herein, compound regression exhibited the lowest inaccuracy (4.78 years) and root mean squared error values (5.46 years). Machine learning yielded further reduced error rates, with decision tree regression achieving inaccuracy and root mean squared error values of 1.88 years and 2.28 years, respectively. A comparative evaluation of error computations obtained from regression analysis and machine learning illustrates the statistical superiority of machine learning for forensic age estimation. Error computations obtained with machine learning suggest that the modified Risser method is capable of permitting reliable age estimation within criminal and civil proceedings.</p>","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"204-216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10534281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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