Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz最新文献

{"title":"In vitro susceptibility of eighteen clinical isolates of human monkeypox virus to tecovirimat.","authors":"Desiree Dos Santos Nunes, Luiza M Higa, Régis Linhares Oliveira, Lendel Correia da Costa, Larissa Maciel Bomfim, Cássia Cristina Alves Gonçalves, Diana Mariani, Dennis E Hruby, Carolina Moreira Voloch, Terezinha Marta Pereira Pinto Castiñeiras, Amilcar Tanuri, Clarissa R Damaso","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760230056","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760230056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2022, an outbreak of mpox that started in European countries spread worldwide through human-to-human transmission. Cases have been mostly mild, but severe clinical presentations have been reported. In these cases, tecovirimat has been the drug of choice to treat patients with aggravated disease.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Here we investigated the tecovirimat susceptibility of 18 clinical isolates of monkeypox virus (MPXV) obtained from different regions of Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Different concentrations of tecovirimat were added to cell monolayers infected with each MPXV isolate. After 72 hours, cells were fixed and stained for plaque visualization, counting, and measurement. The ortholog of F13L gene from each MPXV isolate was polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified, sequenced, and the predicted protein sequences were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The eighteen MPXV isolates generated plaques of different sizes. Although all isolates were highly sensitive to the drug, two showed different response curves and IC50 values. However, the target protein of tecovirimat, F13 (VP37), was 100% conserved in all MPXV isolates and therefore does not explain the difference in sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Main conclusions: </strong>Our results support screening different MPXV isolates for tecovirimat susceptibility as an important tool to better use of the restricted number of tecovirimat doses available in low-income countries to treat patients with mpox.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"118 ","pages":"e230056"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10337824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9812946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and perspectives in research and teaching of host pathogen interaction topics: new post-pandemic times to Brazil and other South American countries.","authors":"Marcel I Ramírez, Rita de Cassia Ruiz, Gessilda de Alcantara Nogueira-Melo, Luiz Claudio Miletti, Mauro Cortez, Melyssa Negri, Giuseppe Palmisano, Jorge González","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760220212","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760220212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Here is our proposal to improve learning in biomedical sciences for graduate and undergraduate courses with a broad vision integrating disciplines such as molecular cell biology, biochemistry, and biophysics around concepts of pathogen interaction within vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. Our paradigm is based on the possibility offered by the pandemic to have remote activities that give access to students and researchers from different places in Brazil and Latin American countries to discuss science. A multidisciplinary view of host-pathogen interaction allows us to understand better the mechanisms involved in the pathology of diseases, as well as to formulate broad strategies for the diagnosis, treatment, and control of thereof. The approach to integrating heterogeneous groups in science involves the critical analysis of national scientific resource distribution, where only some have the possibilities to conduct competitive scientific research. Solid theoretical training, contact, collaboration with groups of excellence, and training within a multidisciplinary network are our proposals for a permanent platform of scientific strengthening and dissemination for Latin America. Here we will review the concept of host-pathogen interaction, the type of institutions where it is taught and researched, new trends in active teaching methodologies, and the current political context in science.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"118 ","pages":"e220212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10207901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9892782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ERRATUM.","authors":"","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760230003ER","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760230003ER","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article doi: 10.1590/0074-02760220202].</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"118 ","pages":"e230003er"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10159579/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9470414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DC-SIGN receptor is expressed by cells from cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions and differentially binds to Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and L. (Leishmania) amazonensis promastigotes.","authors":"Carolina de O Mendes-Aguiar, Milene Yoko Kitahara-Oliveira, Ana Cristina Oliveira de Almeida, Marcia Pereira-Oliveira, Manoel Paes de Oliveira Neto, Claude Pirmez, Elizabeth Pereira Sampaio, Adriano Gomes-Silva, Alda Maria Da-Cruz","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760220044","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760220044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dendritic cells (DCs) specific intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-3-grabbing non integrin receptor (DC-SIGN) binds to subgenera Leishmania promastigotes mediating its interaction with DC and neutrophils, potentially influencing the infection outcome.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In this work, we investigated whether DC-SIGN receptor is expressed in cells from cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) lesions as well as the in vitro binding pattern of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis (Lb) and L. (L.) amazonensis (La) promastigotes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DC-SIGN receptor was labeled by immunohistochemistry in cryopreserved CL tissue fragments. In vitro binding assay with CFSE-labeled Lb or La promastigotes and RAJI-transfecting cells expressing DC-SIGN (DC-SIGNPOS) or mock-transfected (DC-SIGNNEG) were monitored by flow cytometry at 2 h, 24 h and 48 h in co-culture.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In CL lesion infiltrate, DC-SIGNPOS cells were present in the dermis and near the epidermis. Both Lb and La bind to DC-SIGNPOS cells, while binding to DC-SIGNNEG was low. La showed precocious and higher affinity to DC-SIGNhi population than to DC-SIGNlow, while Lb binding was similar in these populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results demonstrate that DC-SIGN receptor is present in L. braziliensis CL lesions and interact with Lb promastigotes. Moreover, the differences in the binding pattern to Lb and La suggest DC-SIGN can influence in a difference way the intake of the parasites at the first hours after Leishmania infection. These results raise the hypothesis that DC-SIGN receptor could participate in the immunopathogenesis of American tegumentary leishmaniasis accounting for the differences in the outcome of the Leishmania spp. infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"118 ","pages":"e220044"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10042235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9239586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of serological tests available in Brazil for intestinal schistosomiasis diagnosis.","authors":"Lidia Mara da Silva Ramos, Rosiane A da Silva-Pereira, Edward Oliveira, Cristina Toscano Fonseca, Carlos Graeff-Teixeira","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760220236","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760220236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The World Health Organization (WHO) roadmap and recommendations for elimination of schistosomiasis were recently updated. With significant reductions in the prevalence and intensity of schistosomiasis infections worldwide, there is a need for more sensitive diagnostic methods. There are a few remaining transmission hotspots in Brazil, although low endemicity settings comprise most of the endemic localities. For the latter, serology may represent a tool for population screening which could help eliminate transmission of schistosomiasis. Here, we review serology tests currently available in Brazil from both public health and private laboratories: immunofluorescent antibody tests (IFATs) on adult worm sections and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) with soluble egg and adult worm antigens. Both in-house and commercially available tests have received less than adequate performance evaluations. Our review of immediate basic and operational research goals may help identify local adjustments that can be made to improve control interventions aimed at elimination of schistosomiasis as a public health problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"118 ","pages":"e230236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10003949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9529028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ERRATUM.","authors":"","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760230002er","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760230002er","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article doi: 10.1590/s0074-02761990000400007].</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"118 ","pages":"e230002er"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9949607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10773017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ERRATUM.","authors":"","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760230001er01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760230001er01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article doi: 10.1590/s0074-02761991000400023].</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"118 ","pages":"e230001er01"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9949608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10773016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raising the suspicion of a non-autochthonous infection: identification of Leishmania guyanensis from Costa Rica exhibits a Leishmaniavirus related to Brazilian north-east and French Guiana viral genotypes.","authors":"Carlos Mata-Somarribas, José Quesada-López, María F Matamoros, César Cervantes-Gómez, Annia Mejía, Karen Chacón, Ivannia Bendig, Roger Campos, Raphael Quesada-Morera, Lilian Motta Cantanhêde, Luiza de Oliveira R Pereira, Elisa Cupolillo","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760220162","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760220162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Costa Rica has a history of neglecting prevention, control and research of leishmaniasis, including limited understanding on Leishmania species causing human disease across the country and a complete lack of knowledge on the Leishmania RNA virus, described as a factor linked to the worsening and metastasis of leishmanial lesions.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this work was to describe a case of cutaneous leishmaniasis by Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis, bearing infection with Leishmaniavirus 1 (LRV1) in Costa Rica, raising the suspicion of imported parasites in the region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Leishmania strain was previously identified by routine hsp70 polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in Costa Rica and subsequently characterised by isoenzyme electrophoresis and Sanger sequencing in Brazil. Screening for LRV1 was conducted with a dual RT-PCR approach and sequencing of the fragment obtained.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Since 2016 Costa Rica performs Leishmania isolation and typing as part of its epidemiological surveillance activities. Amongst 113 strains typed until 2019, only one was characterised as a L. (V.) guyanensis, corresponding to the first confirmed report of this species in the country. Interestingly, the same strain tested positive for LRV1. Sequencing of the viral orf1 and 2, clustered this sample with other LRV1 genotypes of South American origin, from the Northeast of Brazil and French Guiana.</p><p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>The unique characteristics of this finding raised the suspicion that it was not an autochthonous strain. Notwithstanding its presumed origin, this report points to the occurrence of said endosymbiont in Central American Leishmania strains. The possibility of its local dispersion represents one more challenge faced by regional health authorities in preventing and controlling leishmaniasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"117 ","pages":"e220162"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9870268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10591898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyunsaturated fatty acids alter the formation of lipid droplets and eicosanoid production in Leishmania promastigotes.","authors":"Yasmin Monara Ferreira de Sousa Andrade,&nbsp;Monara Viera de Castro,&nbsp;Victor de Souza Tavares,&nbsp;Rayane da Silva Oliveira Souza,&nbsp;Lúcia Helena Faccioli,&nbsp;Jonilson Berlink Lima,&nbsp;Carlos Arterio Sorgi,&nbsp;Valéria M Borges,&nbsp;Théo Araújo-Santos","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760220160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760220160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The knowledge about eicosanoid metabolism and lipid droplet (LD) formation in the Leishmania is very limited and new approaches are needed to identify which bioactive molecules are produced of them.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Herein, we compared LDs and eicosanoids biogenesis in distinct Leishmania species which are etiologic agents of different clinical forms of leishmaniasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this, promastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis, L. braziliensis and L. infantum were stimulated with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and LD and eicosanoid production was evaluated. We also compared mutations in structural models of human-like cyclooxygenase-2 (GP63) and prostaglandin F synthase (PGFS) proteins, as well as the levels of these enzymes in parasite cell extracts.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>PUFAs modulate the LD formation in L. braziliensis and L. infantum. Leishmania spp with equivalent tissue tropism had same protein mutations in GP63 and PGFS. No differences in GP63 production were observed among Leishmania spp, however PGFS production increased during the parasite differentiation. Stimulation with arachidonic acid resulted in elevated production of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids compared to prostaglandins.</p><p><strong>Main conclusions: </strong>Our data suggest LD formation and eicosanoid production are distinctly modulated by PUFAS dependent of Leishmania species. In addition, eicosanoid-enzyme mutations are more similar between Leishmania species with same host tropism.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"118 ","pages":"e220160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9991015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9092584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zoonotic Giardia duodenalis assemblage A in northern sloth from Brazilian Amazon","authors":"Lisiane Lappe dos Reis, Lirna Salvioni Silva de Souza, Francisco Carlos de Oliveira Braga, Dayane Costa de Souza Lima, Natália Aparecida de Souza Lima, Jessica da Silva Padinha, Alessandra Ferreira Dales Nava, Ana Carolina Paulo Vicente","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760230088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760230088","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND The parasite Giardia duodenalis infects a wide range of vertebrate hosts, including domestic and wild animals as well as humans. Giardia is genotyped into eight assemblages (A-H). Zoonotic assemblages A and B have already been identified in humans and wild and domestic animals (non-human primates and cats) from Brazilian Amazon and in the world. Due to its zoonotic/zooanthroponotic nature, surveillance initiatives and the definition of Giardia assemblages are important in order to characterise the epidemiological scenario and to implement further control measures. OBJECTIVES Determine assemblages of G. duodenalis in sloths from the Brazilian Amazon Region. METHODS Faecal parasitological examination of sloths from Amazonas State. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the beta giardin (BG), and genes from multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme, amplicon sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. FINDINGS Here, we identified, by microscopy, Giardia in two northern sloths (Bradypus tridactylus). These two samples were submitted to molecular assays and it was revealed that both were infected by G. duodenalis assemblage A. Phylogenetic analysis showed that they belong to assemblage A within sequences from humans and wild and domestic animals. CONCLUSION Therefore, besides showing, by the first time, the current presence of this parasite in sloths, our findings reveals that this wild animal species would be part of the zoonotic/zooanthroponotic scenario of this parasite in the Brazilian Amazon.","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135613434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}