Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz最新文献

{"title":"Orthoflavivirus nilense surveillance in the State of Piauí, northeastern Brazil.","authors":"Osmaikon Lisboa Lobato, Tayná da Silva Nogueira, Tobias Emílio Tavares Lima, Felipe José da Costa Andrade, Marília Gabryelle Guimarães de Macedo, Rayane de Souza Pereira, Joilson Xavier, Mariene Ribeiro Amorim, Priscilla Paschoal Barbosa, Alex Sobrinho da Rocha, Silvokleio da Costa Silva, Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara, William M de Souza, José Luiz Proenca-Modena, Érica Azevedo Costa, Adelino Soares Lima Neto, Lauro César Soares Feitosa, Maria do Socorro Pires E Cruz, Silvana Maria Medeiros de Sousa Silva, Silvia de Araújo França Baêta, Marcelo Adriano da Cunha E Silva Vieira, Sharon L Deem, Lilian Silva Catenacci","doi":"10.1590/0074-027602402180","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-027602402180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The cycle of the Orthoflavivirus nilense (West Nile virus - WNV) involves birds and mosquitoes, while humans and equids serve as terminal hosts. In 2014, the first human case in Brazil was confirmed in Piauí State.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the presence of WNV in birds, mosquitoes, and equids in municipalities of Piauí.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Collections were carried out following recommendations from the Ministry of Health of Brazil, in 11 municipalities (all with human cases or bird mortality), where biological samples were collected from birds, mosquitoes, and equids. The Viral RNA extraction was performed using a commercial kit, following the manufacturers' recommendations; samples were subjected to reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction, with specific primers for WNV.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>2,706 samples were collected (636 birds, belonging to 99 species; 420 equids, and 1,650 mosquitoes, grouped into 346 pools, totaling 18 species. No collected sample yielded a positive result, corroborating with other studies showing the difficulty of molecular detection of WNV in healthy animals, which may explain the non-detection, in addition to the delayed diagnosis in humans.</p><p><strong>Main conclusions: </strong>A local investigation involving suspected cases is still recommended in animals; however, in locations with late diagnosis in humans we suggest a serological survey of asymptomatic birds and equids.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"120 ","pages":"e240218"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12237142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expanded range of Haemagogus leucocelaenus in yellow fever hotspots: new findings from Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil.","authors":"Sabrina Fernandes Cardoso, Iara Carolini Pinheiro, Larissa Akemi Oliveira Kikuti, Andre Akira Gonzaga Yoshikawa, André Nóbrega Pitaluga, Luísa Damazio P Rona","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760240240","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760240240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Haemagogus genus includes nine mosquito species reported in Brazil, each with distinct distribution patterns. Haemagogus leucocelaenus, a major yellow fever vector, is widely distributed throughout the country, while Haemagogus leucophoebus, a morphologically similar species, has only been identified in Acre State.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study evaluated the presence of Haemagogus species in southern Brazil by comparing their morphological and molecular characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mosquitoes were collected from five municipalities in southern Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Each specimen was identified morphologically and photographed. Genomic DNA was extracted, and a Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I (COI) gene fragment was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The positive amplicons were sequenced for molecular identification.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>New records of Hg. leucocelaenus were found in Santa Rosa de Lima, Rio Fortuna, Braço do Norte, São Martinho, and Pedras Grandes, located at the southern edge of the Atlantic Forest. This study expands the known distribution of Hg. leucocelaenus, the only Haemagogus species identified in the area, with 91 specimens collected. Although some specimens exhibited morphological variations that might lead to misidentification as Hg. leucophoebus, molecular identification confirmed that all were Hg. leucocelaenus.</p><p><strong>Main conclusions: </strong>This study is the first to report Hg. leucocelaenus in Santa Catarina, Brazil, and provides DNA barcoding sequences from southern Brazil. This method offers a reliable alternative for species identification, especially when combined with morphological analysis. Further molecular studies are needed to determine whether the morphological variations observed indicate intraspecific differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"120 ","pages":"e240240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12227214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurobasal medium enhances titan cell formation in Cryptococcus spp.","authors":"Juliana Godoy, Igor Avellar-Moura, Juliana Soares, Bruno Pontes, Susana Frases","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760240286","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760240286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Titan cells in Cryptococcus species play a critical role in fungal virulence by resisting oxidative stress, phagocytosis, and antifungal treatments. Developing reliable methods to induce titan cells is crucial for understanding the mechanisms of Cryptococcus pathogenesis.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In this study we report an unexpected discovery of a simple in vitro induction of titan cells in Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii using Neurobasal™ (NB) medium.</p><p><strong>Methods and findings: </strong>By employing established in vitro culture methods, we demonstrate a significantly higher capacity for titan cell formation in Cryptococcus spp. Cells grown in complete NB medium exhibited larger cell bodies, increased capsule sizes, and a higher percentage of titan cells compared to those grown in minimal medium (MM). NB medium without the B27 supplement significantly impacted titan cell formation.</p><p><strong>Main conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate that NB medium, originally developed for neuronal cell cultures, is a useful tool for studying titan cell biology. This is particularly relevant given the association between titan cells and the central nervous system, highlighting their potential role in Cryptococcus pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"120 ","pages":"e240286"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12208674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trichophyton rubrum inhibits Candida albicans filamentation and its gene expression when grown in biofilms in vitro.","authors":"Níura Madalena Bila, Carolina Orlando Vaso, Jenyffie Araújo Belizário, Mariana M Santoni Biasioli, Ana Marisa Fusco-Almeida, Luis R Martinez, Caroline Barcelos Costa-Orlandi, Maria José Soares Mendes-Giannini","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760240221","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760240221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dermatomycoses are caused by various fungi, including dermatophytes and Candida species, which are the most prevalent in isolated or associated forms. A great number of virulence factors expressed by these fungi are important for infection, and biofilm formation leads to the persistence of these infections.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This work aimed to evaluate the dynamics of Candida albicans filamentation genes in biofilms formed by Candida albicans and Trichophyton rubrum.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The effect of the supernatants on the biofilms was assessed by XTT reduction assay, confocal microscopy, and gene expression profile analysis by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The supernatants did not reduce the metabolic activities or damage the topography of the monospecies biofilms but caused a reduction in their thickness. The filamentation of C. albicans was inhibited when both fungi were cultivated directly. The filamentation genes studied (CPH1, HWP1, and EFG1) were negatively modulated in C. albicans.</p><p><strong>Main conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that the antagonistic relationship shown by T. rubrum against C. albicans may be attributed to alterations of C. albicans filamentous genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"120 ","pages":"e240221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12208673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome characterisation of the first isolate of human enterovirus c99 from an acute flaccid paralysis case in Brazil.","authors":"Jéssica Tatiane Sauthier, Jéssica Barreto Dias, Cristiane de Sousa Ferreira, Brendo de Oliveira Nascimento Gomes, Ketlyn Araujo Fraga, Elisa Cavalcante Pereira, Bruna Mendonça da Silva, Letícia Ferreira Lima, Irving Martins da Silveira Gonçalves, Audrien Alves Andrade de Souza, Marília Alves Figueira de Melo, Alexandre Araujo Cunha Dos Santos, Beatriz de Lima Alessio Müller, Aline Dos Santos Moreira, Paola Cristina Resende, Eduardo de Mello Volotão, Edson Elias da Silva","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760240230","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760240230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human enterovirus C99 (HEV-C99) is a member of the species Enterovirus C. Currently, three complete genomes of HEV-C99 were reported in Brazil, all obtained from children with gastroenteritis symptoms. Notwithstanding, no HEV-C99 complete genome associated with AFP cases in Brazil have been analysed so far.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In light of this, molecular characterisation of an HEV-C99 isolated from a case of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in Brazil was carried out.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 2005, an HEV-C99 strain was isolated from a 2-year-old female child in Santa Catarina State, Brazil, showing classic symptoms of AFP. Stool sample was inoculated into specific cell cultures. Viral RNA was extracted, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed to amplify the VP1 gene; the sequence was analysed for molecular identification. Subsequently, the complete genome was sequenced and analysed, including a phylogenetic analysis of the VP1 gene.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The isolate, denominated HEV-C99/33322/BRA/2005 presented 85.85% identity to other HEV-C99 strains also described in Brazil, subsequently. Besides, the isolate grouped together with HEV-C99 cluster C strains. To our knowledge, this was the first described HEV-C99 isolated from an AFP case in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Main conclusions: </strong>The data generated in this study bolster the role of HEV-C99 as an etiologic agent of AFP. Furthermore, this research enhances our knowledge regarding the HEV-C99 genetic diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"120 ","pages":"e240230"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12208675/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of polymorphisms associated with attenuation of Vif and Vpr in HIV-1 Elite Controllers.","authors":"Suwellen Sardinha Dias de Azevedo, Fernanda Heloise Côrtes, Mariza G Morgado, Brenda Hoagland, Larissa M Villela, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Valdilea Gonçalvez Veloso, Gonzalo Bello","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760240274","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760240274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Elite controllers (ECs) are a rare subset of individuals who naturally suppress human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in the absence of antiretroviral therapy. Specific polymorphisms in the accessory proteins Vif and Vpr have been associated with diminished viral fitness in vitro and are more frequently detected in ECs compared to other individuals infected with HIV-1.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the frequency of gross genetic defects or polymorphisms that may attenuate the function of the HIV-1 accessory proteins Vif and Vpr within the proviral quasispecies of ECs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed single-genome amplification (SGA) and sequence analysis of the proviral quasispecies of the accessory genes vif and vpr in samples obtained from eight ECs with over 10 years of suppressive viral control and no evidence of disease progression.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>In subjects EC11, EC38 and EC52, most proviral clones encode full-length, intact vif and vpr open reading frames without known attenuating polymorphisms. Subject EC35 displayed stop codons in a substantial fraction of vif (33%) and vpr (67%) proviral clones. Subject EC36 exhibited the attenuating polymorphisms Vpr-Q3R + R77Q combined in all proviral clones. Subject EC17 showed stop codons in 20-30% of vif-vpr proviral clones, hypermutated sequences in 20% of vif proviral clones, and the attenuating polymorphism Vpr-R77Q in all proviral clones. Subject EC19 presented stop codons in 8-17% of vif-vpr proviral sequences, hypermutated sequences in 25% of vif-vpr proviral clones, and the polymorphisms Vif-R132S+Ins61(EDK) and Vpr-R77Q in all clones analysed. Finally, subject EC42 displayed stop codons in 25-38% of vif-vpr proviral sequences, hypermutated sequences in 25% of vif proviral clones, and the polymorphisms Vif-T20A+R132S and Vpr-R77Q in most (> 80%) proviral clones.</p><p><strong>Main conclusions: </strong>Mutations associated with attenuation of HIV-1 Vif and/or Vpr functions may contribute to the long-term control of viral replication and disease progression in certain ECs.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"120 ","pages":"e240274"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12208676/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of pfhrp2/pfhrp3 gene deletions among patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria with false-negative in the HRP2-based rapid diagnostic test in Colombia.","authors":"Mario Javier Olivera, Angela Patricia Guerra, Liliana Jazmín Cortés, Aravy Geohanna Suárez-Jurado, María de la Paz Ade, Iván Mauricio Cárdenas","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760240134","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760240134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In malaria-endemic regions, rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) play a crucial role in promptly identifying infections, especially in remote areas with limited microscopy services.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Conduct a cross-sectional, multi-site study to determine whether the local prevalence of mutations in the Plasmodium falciparum hrp2/3 genes in false-negative RDTs has reached a threshold that might require a local or national change in diagnostic strategy in accordance with the WHO guidelines (2018).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Individuals were screened for P. falciparum with microscopy and HRP2-based RDT at health facilities. Discordant results between these two tests triggered diagnostic confirmation by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and detection of the pfhrp2/pfhrp3 genes.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Among the 347 patients included, false negatives constituted 4.61% (16/347). Molecular analysis revealed all 16 false negatives were P. falciparum positive with hrp2 gene present, displaying high polymorphism. However, hrp3 gene deletion was observed in 93.8% (15/16) of these cases.</p><p><strong>Main conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of false-negative RDTs is low, and these results were not linked to deletions in the hrp2 gene. This suggests that there is no immediate need to modify the RDTs used along the Colombian Pacific Coast. However, molecular surveillance for hrp2 deletions remains crucial to detect any potential increase in prevalence.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"120 ","pages":"e240134"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12165712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"X-linked polymorphisms in TLR7 and TLR8 genes are associated with protection against Chikungunya fever.","authors":"Wilker Jose Perez Gotay, Mariella Sousa Coêlho Maciel, Raphael de Oliveira Rodrigues, Cynthia Chester Cardoso, Caroline Nobre Oliveira, Artur Fontenelle Lima Montenegro, Juliana Navarro Ueda Yaochite","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760230224","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760230224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) causes an infection that leads to the activation of the innate immune response, triggering receptor pathways such as toll-like receptors (TLRs).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study aimed to investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding toll-like receptors 3, 7, and 8 and IRF5 in susceptibility to CHIKV infection and persistent joint pain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control study was carried out. The study included 121 symptomatic cases, 29 asymptomatic cases, and 182 healthy controls matched for age and sex. Polymorphisms were identified by TaqMan® SNP Genotyping assays.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The G allele of the TLR7 variant (rs3853839 G/C) and the G allele of TLR8 (rs3764879 G/C) were associated with protection against CHIKV infection [adjusted odd ratio (OR) = 0.64; p = 0.02 and adjusted OR = 0.54; p = 0.001, respectively]. Moreover, individuals who presented the G allele in the rs3764879 variant have a greater chance of developing the asymptomatic form (adjusted OR =2.88; p =0.004). The development of persistent joint pain was not associated with any investigated SNPs in positive anti-CHIKV IgG individuals.</p><p><strong>Main conclusions: </strong>This study identified TLR7 and TLR8 gene polymorphisms as protective factors for Chikungunya infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"120 ","pages":"e230224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12165714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the spatial influence of deforestation on malaria incidence in Pará State, Amazon region, Brazil, 2008-2019.","authors":"Carla Gisele Ribeiro Garcia, Beatriz C Ribeiro, Alcinês S Souza Júnior, Lilian Jéssica P Lima, Marinete M Póvoa, Gabriel Z Laporta, Maristela G Cunha","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760240143","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760240143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malaria transmission is prevalent in tropical regions and is heavily influenced by environmental factors such as deforestation, which is particularly significant in the Brazilian Amazon, especially in Pará State.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the relationship between deforestation indicators and malaria incidence across all 144 municipalities in Pará.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using municipal-level data from 2008 to 2019, the study applied geographically weighted regression (GWR) to analyse spatial relationships between malaria incidence and deforestation metrics. These metrics included forest cover loss from the previous year, pastureland, forest cover, fragmentation, urbanisation, and water levels, analysed over three distinct 4-year periods. The study also incorporated poverty levels to examine their influence on municipalities with high malaria risk.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>During the study period, the total deforested area in Pará was 30,000 km2, with 679,846 malaria cases reported. Malaria incidence rates varied across municipalities, with stable rates in high-risk areas, and were linked to pastureland, forest loss, fragmentation, and forest cover. The GWR models effectively captured spatial heterogeneity in these interactions.</p><p><strong>Main conclusions: </strong>Malaria incidence was associated with areas of Pará State experiencing significant forest loss and fragmentation, indicating that changes in forest composition and configuration influence malaria risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"120 ","pages":"e240143"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12165713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multicentre comparative study of serological methods for diagnosing Chagas disease in Brazil.","authors":"Alejandro Luquetti Ostermayer, Fernanda Alvarenga Cardoso Medeiros, Jacqueline Araújo Domingos Iturra, Job Alves de Souza Filho, Leonardo Maia Leony, Larissa de Carvalho Medrado Vasconcelos, Liliane da Rocha Siriano, Suelene Brito do Nascimento Tavares, Vinícius Silva Belo, Andréa Silvestre de Sousa, Fred Luciano Neves Santos","doi":"10.1590/0074-02760240282","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0074-02760240282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chagas disease (CD), a neglected tropical disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, remains a significant often underdiagnosed public health challenge in endemic regions, affecting millions globally. Accurate and timely diagnosis is critical, but the performance of existing diagnostic methods varies widely in sensitivity and specificity.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This multicentre study assessed the diagnostic performance of 17 serological assays for detecting anti-T. cruzi antibodies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Commercial enzyme immunoassays (EIA), indirect haemagglutination assays (IHA), indirect immunofluorescence assays (IIF), rapid diagnostic tests (RDT), and a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) were included in this study.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Some EIA-based tests achieved 100% sensitivity, while IHAs and IIFs demonstrated reduced specificity. CMIA exhibited 100% sensitivity, highlighting its potential as a robust screening tool. Combining EIAs with IHAs or IIFs improved overall sensitivity, often surpassing 99%, although specificity remained variable. Cross-reactivity with other parasitic diseases posed challenges to specificity, particularly in assays employing crude antigens.</p><p><strong>Main conclusions: </strong>These findings emphasise the importance of tailoring diagnostic tool selection to regional epidemiological contexts and advancing antigen refinement to enhance diagnostic accuracy and accessibility, particularly in resource-limited settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":18469,"journal":{"name":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","volume":"120 ","pages":"e240282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12165711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}