Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise最新文献

{"title":"Consumer Grade Wearable Sensor Metrics Are Associated with Internal Forces at Common Running Injury Locations.","authors":"John J Davis Iv, Stacey A Meardon, John S Raglin, Andrew W Brown, Jaroslaw Harezlak, Allison H Gruber","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000004191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Inexpensive consumer-grade wearable sensors have expanded possibilities to assess, monitor, or modify a runner's gait. However, it is unclear which sensor-measured gait metrics are strongly associated with internal loading at common injury locations.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To measure the association between gait metrics measured by consumer-grade wearable sensors and internal forces at the Achilles tendon and the patellofemoral joint.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>55 healthy runners wearing consumer-grade chest straps foot-pods completed a 38-minute run on an instrumented treadmill at 12 speeds from 70%-125% of self-reported typical running pace. A scaled musculoskeletal model derived from motion capture data and driven by static optimization was used to calculate Achilles tendon and patellofemoral joint forces during stance for each speed. Functional regression models were used to estimate the associations of each of nine sensor-measured gait metrics with internal forces across stance, after adjusting for body mass and running speed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At both the Achilles tendon and the patellofemoral joint, cadence, vertical oscillation, and vertical ratio (vertical oscillation divided by step length) showed the strongest associations with internal forces (maximum of 0.4-0.6 BW change in force per one standard deviation change in the gait metric). Other wearable sensor-measured gait metrics, including stance time, leg stiffness, and stance time percent showed weaker associations (<0.4 BW change in force per one standard deviation change in the gait metric).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Runners with higher-than-average cadence, vertical oscillation, or vertical ratio values experience marked differences in internal forces at the Achilles tendon and patellofemoral joint. Of these gait metrics, cadence is the most practical for out-of-lab use because of its ease of accurate measurement with consumer-grade devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Competitive Sports Participation and Its Association with Glycemic Control and Disordered Eating Behaviors in Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes Running: Competitive Sports, Glycemic Control T1D.","authors":"Tamar Propper-Lewinsohn, Nitzan Dror, Shlomit Shalitin, Roni Elran-Barak, Michal Gillon-Keren, Michal Yackobovitch-Gavan, Alon Liberman, Moshe Phillip, Marie Mouler","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000004197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) often face unique challenges in maintaining glycemic control, with a higher risk of disordered eating behaviors (DEB). While physical activity may be associated with improved metabolic outcomes, its relationship with DEB in adolescents with T1D remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and prevalence of DEB among adolescents and young adults with T1D who participate in competitive sports compared to their non-athlete peers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational, cross-sectional study of 245 individuals with T1D, 13 to 21 years of age. All adolescents and young adults with T1D receiving care at our clinic, including those in competitive sports who were additionally followed by the Pediatric Diabetes Sports Clinic, were eligible for inclusion. Data were collected from medical charts, personal technological devices for assessment of glycemic variability, and self-reported questionnaires, including assessments of DEB.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From all participants, 12.2% were engaged in competitive sports. Participation in competitive sports was associated with lower HbA1c (OR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.24-0.80, P = 0.007), lower DEB (OR: 0.17, 95% CI: 0.04-0.67, P = 0.012), higher BMI-Z score (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.02-2.83, P = 0.04), and higher socioeconomic position (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.05-1.69, P = 0.015). Participants who engaged in competitive sports were more likely to use hybrid closed-loop (HCL) systems compared to those who did not (36.6% vs. 17.6%, respectively, P = 0.026).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Competitive sports participation in adolescents and young adults with T1D is associated with improved glycemic control and a lower prevalence of DEB. These findings highlight the potential benefits of encouraging structured physical activity as part of comprehensive diabetes care.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep Deprivation Selectively Alters Cellular Stress Responses During Exercise in the Heat in Young and Older Males.","authors":"James J McCormick, Kelli E McCormick, Nicholas J Koetje, Glen P Kenny","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000004195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Older adults are at heightened risk of heat-related morbidity, particularly in occupational settings where insufficient sleep and heat exposure commonly coincide. Autophagy and other proteostatic pathways are essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis during acute physiological stress; however, whether acute sleep deprivation modifies these responses during exercise-heat stress remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten young (23±3 years) and 10 older (61±4 years) males completed an exercise-heat stress test following normal sleep and after 24 h of total sleep deprivation in which participants performed three 30-min cycling bouts at fixed rates of metabolic heat production (150, 200, and 250 W·m -2), each separated by 15 min rest in the heat (40°C, ~13% relative humidity). Autophagy and related cellular stress pathways were assessed before and after exercise.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sleep deprivation did not alter macroautophagy-related proteins, including LC3-II, the LC3-II/I ratio, ULK1 phosphorylation, or beclin-2 in either age group. However, p62 was reduced at end-exercise in young males following sleep deprivation (p=0.010), whereas the corresponding reduction in older males did not reach statistical significance. Sleep deprivation differentially altered proteins involved in chaperone-mediated autophagy, with LAMP-2A decreasing in young males but increasing in older males (both, p≤0.004). In older males, sleep deprivation reduced HSP90 and increased cleaved-caspase-3 and TNF-α (both, p≤0.048), indicating greater apoptotic and inflammatory signaling.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate that 24 h of sleep deprivation does not broadly alter markers of macroautophagy during exercise-heat stress but selectively modifies cellular stress pathways in older males, with distinct responses observed in young and older males.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the Hangover: Associations Between Binge Drinking, Health, and Performance in Young Adult Resistance-Trained Females.","authors":"Chester M Sokolowski, Hannah K Eberhardt, Hunter J Mitchell, Sarah N Perch, Jennifer L Steiner, Walter R Boot, Jeong-Su Kim, Michael J Ormsbee","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000004185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The present study aimed to evaluate associations between resistance training and binge drinking in relation to musculoskeletal composition, physical fitness, cognitive function, and psychological wellness in young adult females.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were categorized into four groups: sedentary low alcohol consumers (SL; n=12), sedentary binge drinkers (SB; n=12), resistance-trained low alcohol consumers (RTL; n=12), and resistance-trained binge drinkers (RTB; n=12). Measurements included body composition via DEXA scan, muscle quality via ultrasonography, and insulin sensitivity via oral glucose tolerance test. Physical performance was assessed using maximum chair stand power, vertical jump, broad jump, knee extensor torque, grip strength, and push-ups to failure. Tests and questionnaires were used to assess cognitive function and psychological wellness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Resistance-trained females had lower body fat than sedentary females (RTL = 29.28±4.27%; RTB = 29.03±3.67%; SL = 37.18±5.32%; SB = 34.83±3.54%; p<0.05), and RTL had more fat-free mass than SL and SB (RTL = 48.31±5.81 kg; SL = 38.08±6.59 kg; SB = 40.37±6.05 kg; both p<0.05). There were no differences between RTL and RTB in bone mineral density, muscle quality, or physical performance. RTL outperformed SL and SB on vertical jump (both p<0.05) while RTB outperformed SL and SB on broad jump. RTL had lower fasting blood glucose than RTB (88.92±12.09 mg/dL and 103.17 ± 10.21 mg/dL, respectively; p=0.008), and lower postprandial blood glucose than all groups (RTL = 103.83±19.82 mg/dL; RTB = 137.58±21.54 mg/dL; SL = 148.50±44.60 mg/dL; SB = 139.25±14.49 mg/dL; all p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results suggest that ≥1 year of binge drinking is associated with poorer metabolic health without differences in performance in young females. Further, frequent RT may mitigate the effects of binge drinking on body composition.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of Vascular Tone in Resistance and Conduit Vessels of Trained Rats: Effects of 20-HETE.","authors":"Seher Nasircilar-Ülker, Ümit Kemal Şentürk","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000004193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Regular physical activity induces a range of adaptations that modulate vascular tone. Although the roles of several mediators in exercise-induced vascular changes have been established, the effect of the vasoconstrictive 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) has not been examined. We investigated the effect of 20-HETE on vascular tone in resistance and conduit arteries after exercise training and its potential impact on systemic blood pressure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Wistar rats were assigned to control or exercise (swimming, 1h/day, 5days week, 8-weeks) groups. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured before and after acute inhibition of 20-HETE synthesis with HET0016. In thoracic aorta and gastrocnemius resistance arteries, the direct effect of 20-HETE and its modulation of responses to phenylephrine, vasopressin, and angiotensin II were assessed using organ bath and wire myograph. Vascular 20-HETE and CYP4A expression were quantified by ELISA and Western blot.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline MAP was similar between groups, but the fall in pressure produced by acute 20-HETE synthesis inhibition was significantly attenuated in trained rats. In gastrocnemius resistance arteries, blockade of endogenous 20-HETE produced a vasodilation that was markedly reduced by exercise, whereas the thoracic aorta response was unchanged. Endogenous 20-HETE contributed to vasopressin and angiotensin II induced contraction in both vessel types; in resistance arteries this contribution's dependence on training was clearest for vasopressin. CYP4A expression and 20-HETE content were significantly reduced in gastrocnemius resistance vessels of trained rats.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first study to demonstrate that regular swimming exercise reduces the contribution of 20-HETE to vascular tone and MAP, most prominently in skeletal muscle resistance arteries, through downregulation of vascular CYP4A expression and 20-HETE production.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quadriceps Strength Recovery Trajectories Associate with Pre-Operative Predictors but not Clinical Outcomes Following ACL Reconstruction.","authors":"Madison Franek, Liubov Arbeeva, Hyunwook Lee, Richard Lartey, Xinxin Wang, Ahmet Hakan Ok, Jeffrey T Spang, Christopher D Ingersoll, Joe M Hart, Christin Büttner, Natalia Favoreto, Robert A Creighton, Ganesh M Kamath, Caroline Lisee, J Troy Blackburn, Mingrui Yang, Xiaojuan Li, Brian Pietrosimone","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000004187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Quadriceps weakness following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is common, however distinct longitudinal strength trajectories not have been examined. This study aimed to i) identify strength trajectories measured pre-operatively to 12 months post-ACLR, and determine associations with ii) pre-operative demographics, patient-reported outcomes (PROs: Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score [KOOS], Tegner, Marx) and ACLR concomitant surgeries, and iii) clinical outcomes post-ACLR including cartilage compositional changes (via magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] T1ρ relaxation times) and 12-month KOOS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Isometric quadriceps strength was measured bilaterally pre-operatively and at 4, 6, and 12 months. Group trajectory modeling characterized longitudinal strength recovery in ACLR and uninvolved limbs, which were combined to define dual-limb recovery patterns. Tibiofemoral and patellofemoral cartilage composition was measured pre-operatively and at 12 months post-ACLR. Dirichlet regressions examined associations between trajectories and demographics, surgeries, PROs, and cartilage changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>59 participants were included (58% female; age, 21.9 ± 4.7y; BMI, 24.55 ± 3.7kg/m 2). Three combined trajectories were identified: bilaterally weak (51%), which demonstrated uninvolved limb strength declines and failure to recover ACLR limb pre-operative strength; bilaterally strong (38%), which demonstrated minimal uninvolved limb declines and ACLR limb pre-operative strength recovery; and weak uninvolved, strong ACLR limb (12%). Lower pre-injury Tegner scores associated with bilaterally weak membership (p = 0.01), where probability increased from 0.27 (score of 10) to 0.61 (score of 0). Medial meniscectomy associated most with bilaterally weak membership (p<.001, 0.86 probability). No associations were found between trajectories and clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While individuals who failed to restore ACLR limb strength demonstrated bilateral quadriceps weakness pre-operatively, persons who demonstrated greater pre-operative bilateral strength recovered ACLR limb strength. Medial meniscectomy associated with an inability to restore quadriceps strength.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Putative Human Reticulospinal Tract Properties Adapt Following Short-Term Isometric Resistance Training?","authors":"Khai Abu-Talip, Jakob Škarabot, Danyang Wei, Thomas G Balshaw","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000004188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The primary purpose of this study was to investigate whether isometric resistance training (RT) leads to reticulospinal tract (RST) adaptations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A \"RT group\" of 30 healthy adults completed 4 weeks (15 sessions) of volume-matched unilateral elbow flexion RT involving high (32 repetitions/session at 70% maximal voluntary torque [MVT]) or low (64 repetitions/session at 35%MVT) loads. An additional 15 participants served as controls (CON group). Pre- and post-test MVT, RST properties (RST gain ratio derived from the StartReact assessment; startling auditory stimulus-conditioned/control motor evoked potential [MEP] ratio; and startling stimulus-conditioned/control cervicomedullary MEP [CMEP] ratio), CST excitability and intracortical inhibition properties (in response to transcranial magnetic stimulation) were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MVT increased more in the RT group (+12.8%; n = 30) vs. CON group (-4.3%; n = 15; group (2) × time (2), p = 0.001). However, changes in RST properties assessed using a series of indirect measures did not differ between the RT group (-1.4% to 6.6%; n = 30) and CON group (-4.5% to 10.5%; n = 15; group (2) × time (2), 0.352 ≤ p ≤ 0.834).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RST adaptations within a sample of healthy young men and women, assessed using various indirect measurement approaches, did not occur following only 4 weeks of isometric elbow flexion RT. These findings add to the currently limited scientific evidence from short-term human RT intervention studies available to inform the use of RT for healthy individuals or patients primarily targeting the development of RST function.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Effects of Sports Bra Support and Running Shoe Cushioning Influence Breast and Running Biomechanics in Female Runners.","authors":"Kaylee White, Matthew Ruder, Adrian Lai, Sian Allen, Christopher Lam, Christopher Napier, Dylan Kobsar","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000004186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sports bras play a critical role in running, with implications for breast discomfort, pain, performance, potential injury risk, and exercise participation for many women. While breast movement has been analyzed across support levels, most studies focus on discrete time-domain variables, such as peak impact acceleration. However, impact frequency content and tissue vibrations are also key factors that the body, and apparel components such as running shoes, may attenuate to maintain comfort and performance during running. This study explored how different sports bras and running shoes affect breast and foot-strike impact forces and comfort in female runners.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-seven recreational female runners ran in four conditions that combined high and low support bras with high and low cushion shoes. Impact accelerations at the tibia and breast, breast-body time lag, and power spectral density in low, medium and high frequency ranges at the tibia and breast were measured. Participants also rated sports bra and shoe comfort.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sports bra support significantly influenced peak breast acceleration, breast-body time lag, breast power spectral density across all frequency ranges, and perceived bra comfort and support (p < 0.001 for all). Shoe cushioning significantly affected peak tibia acceleration (p = 0.002) and shoe comfort (p < 0.001). A significant interaction between bra and shoe conditions was observed for tibia power spectral density in the low- (p = 0.03) and medium- (p = 0.05) frequency ranges.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings demonstrate the interactive effect of sports bra support and shoe cushioning, and how sufficient upper body support may enable female runners to tolerate greater impact variability at the foot-strike level. Both sports bras and running shoes play important roles in managing impact and comfort during running, highlighting the need for female-specific design considerations in athletic gear.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149171643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of Handgrip Strength in the Second Trimester with Gestational Hyperglycemia: Erratum.","authors":"Ping Zu, Jirong Xu, Peng Wang, Jingfeng Bian, Min Xu, Nan Jiang, Wei Luo, Guidong Yu, Xianxia Chen, Peng Zhu","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000004156","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149165731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CrossAcclimation and Endurance Performance Following Adaptation to Dry and Humid Heat.","authors":"Peter McDonald, Kevin John, Thomas Topham, Michael N Sawka, Brad Clark, Julien D Périard","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000004190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine the influence of hot-dry and warm-humid heat acclimation (HA) on endurance performance and the cross-acclimation benefit between environments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a cross-over design, trained male cyclists completed a 30-min time trial in hot-dry (Dry-TT; 42°C, 25% RH) and warm-humid (Humid-TT; 33°C, 80% RH) conditions before and after 8 days of HA in dry (Dry-HA, n=10) and humid (Humid-HA, n=12) conditions matched for wet-bulb globe temperature (~31°C). Bayesian multilevel models were employed to estimate posterior means and 90% credible intervals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the Dry-TT, mean power output increased by a further 8 W (2, 15) after Dry-HA (14 W [7, 21]) than Humid-HA (6 W [-1, 13]). Mean rectal temperature during the Dry-TT was lower after both HA regimens (-0.1ºC [-0.2, 0.0]) whereas heart rate was unchanged following Dry-HA (-1 beats·min -1 [-3, 2]) and lower after Humid-HA (-3 beats·min -1 [-6, 0]). Whole-body sweat rate (WBSR) during the Dry-TT increased with both Dry-HA (0.28 L·h -1 [0.14, 0.41]) and Humid-HA (0.23 L·h -1 [0.10, 0.35]). During the Humid-TT, mean power output increased similarly following Humid-HA (9 W [1, 17]) and Dry-HA (12 W [3, 20]). Mean rectal temperature during the Humid-TT was unchanged (0.0°C [-0.1, 0.1]) after Humid-HA and decreased (-0.2°C [-0.3, -0.1]) after Dry-HA, whereas heart rate was unchanged after Humid-HA (2 beats·min -1 [-3, 5]) and Dry-HA (-2 beats·min -1 [-6, 2]). WBSR during the Humid-TT increased with both Humid-HA (0.42 L·h -1 [0.32, 0.52]) and Dry-HA (0.35 L·h -1 [0.23, 0.47]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data indicate that Dry-HA and Humid-HA improved self-paced endurance performance in each respective environment, and in the opposing environment. Moreover, Dry-HA further improved performance in dry conditions than did Humid-HA, while performance in humid conditions was similarly improved following both interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149165859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}