Metabolic syndrome and related disorders最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of Two Estimated Glucose Disposal Rate Methods for Detecting Insulin Resistance in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Muhammed Masum Canat, Yüksel Altuntaş","doi":"10.1089/met.2023.0217","DOIUrl":"10.1089/met.2023.0217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> The presence of insulin resistance (IR) in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a significant indicator of all chronic diabetic complications, independent of other risk factors. The estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) is a practical method that can be easily used in daily practice to determine IR. This study aimed to determine the cutoff values for two eGDR methods and compare their diagnostic value for determining IR in adult T1DM patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This cross-sectional study was performed on 184 adults admitted to the endocrinology outpatient clinic diagnosed with T1DM. Demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and the presence of hypertension (HT) were recorded. The eGDR of all patients was calculated using two formulas based on HbA1c level, presence of HT, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), or waist circumference (WC). Diagnostic cutoff values for both eGDRs were defined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Patients were divided into two groups according to the cutoff values. The accuracy of the diagnostic cutoffs for eGDRwhr and eGDRwc was compared using a Bland-Altman plot. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The cutoff value for eGDRwhr was 7.37 mg/(kg·min) with 83.3% specificity and 86.7% sensitivity [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.901; <i>P</i> < 0.001; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.824-0.977] and for eGDRwc 7.50 mg/(kg·min) with 79.8% specificity and 83.3% sensitivity (AUC = 0.895; <i>P</i> < 0.001; 95% CI, 0.817-0.972) for the presence of MetS. Further ROC analysis showed that the difference between the two AUCs (0.901 and 0.895) was not significant (<i>P</i> = 0.923). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Assessment of eGDR would lead to early prevention of diabetic complications. eGDR is measured using either WHR or WC. This study is the first to compare WHR and WC in calculating eGDR in adults. WHR and WC are not superior to each other for calculating eGDR in determining IR in T1DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":18405,"journal":{"name":"Metabolic syndrome and related disorders","volume":" ","pages":"295-301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140318576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Cardiac Biomarkers in Hepatic Disorders: A Literature Review.","authors":"Saira Rafaqat, Irena Radoman Vujacic, Amir Hossein Behnoush, Saima Sharif, Aleksandra Klisic","doi":"10.1089/met.2023.0282","DOIUrl":"10.1089/met.2023.0282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Various studies have reported the association between cardiac markers and hepatic disorders. The main objective of this review article was to elucidate the significance of important cardiac indicators such as ischemia-modified albumin, cardiac troponin, cardiac natriuretic peptides, creatine kinase, creatine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase, heart-type fatty acid-binding protein, osteopontin, soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2, C-reactive protein, and lipoprotein(a) in the development of hepatic disorders. In addition, it highlighted recent notable discoveries and accomplishments in this field and identified areas requiring further investigation, ongoing discussions, and potential avenues for future research. Early identification and control of these cardiac markers might be helpful to control the prevalence of hepatic disorders associated with cardiovascular diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":18405,"journal":{"name":"Metabolic syndrome and related disorders","volume":" ","pages":"251-262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139912968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation for Performance of Body Composition Index Based on Quantitative Computed Tomography in the Prediction of Metabolic Syndrome.","authors":"Cuihong Li, Bingwu Xu, Mengxue Chen, Yong Zhang","doi":"10.1089/met.2023.0265","DOIUrl":"10.1089/met.2023.0265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> We aimed to evaluate the performance of predicting metabolic syndrome (MS) using body composition indices obtained by quantitative computed tomography (QCT). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from 4745 adults who underwent QCT examinations at a Chongqing teaching hospital between July 2020 and March 2022. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), total abdominal fat (TAT), abdominal muscle tissue (AMT), and liver fat content (LFC) were measured at the L2-L3 disc level using specialized software, and the skeletal muscle index (SMI) were calculated. The correlations between body composition indicators were analyzed using the Pearson correlation analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and area under the curve (AUC) were used to assess these indicators' predictive potential for MS. <b><i>Results:</i></b> VAT and TAT exhibited the best predictive ability for MS, with AUCs of 0.797 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.779-0.815] and 0.794 (95% CI: 0.775-0.812) in males, and 0.811 (95% CI: 0.785-0.836) and 0.802 (95% CI: 0.774-0.830) in females. The AUCs for VAT and TAT were the same but significantly higher than body mass index and other body composition measures. SAT also demonstrated good predictive power in females [AUC = 0.725 (95%CI: 0.692-0.759)] but fair power in males [AUC = 0.6673 (95%CI: 0.650-0.696)]. LFC showed average predictive ability, AMT showed average predictive ability in males but poor ability in females, and SMI had no predictive ability. Correlation analysis revealed a strong correlation between VAT and TAT (males: <i>r</i> = 0.95, females: <i>r</i> = 0.89). SAT was strongly correlated with TAT only in females (<i>r</i> = 0.89). In the male group, the optimal thresholds for VAT and TAT were 207.6 and 318.7 cm², respectively; in the female group, the optimal thresholds for VAT and TAT were 128.0 and 269.4 cm², respectively. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> VAT and TAT are the best predictors of MS. SAT and LFC can also be acceptable to make predictions, whereas AMT can only make predictions of MS in males.</p>","PeriodicalId":18405,"journal":{"name":"Metabolic syndrome and related disorders","volume":" ","pages":"287-294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140059865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positive Association of Pulse Pressure with Presence of Albuminuria in Chinese Adults with Prediabetes: A Community-Based Study.","authors":"Lilan Liu, Xian Wu, Qian Tang, Ying Miao, Xue Bai, Jia Li, Ke Li, Xiaofang Dan, Yuru Wu, Pijun Yan, Qin Wan","doi":"10.1089/met.2023.0177","DOIUrl":"10.1089/met.2023.0177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Purpose:</i></b> There has been limited evidence for the association between pulse pressure (PP) and proteinuria in prediabetes. The aim of our study was to explore the association between PP and albuminuria in community-dwelling Chinese adults with prediabetes. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> PP and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) were measured in 2012 prediabetic patients and 3596 control subjects with normal glucose tolerance. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the possible association of PP with the risk of presence of albuminuria. <b><i>Results:</i></b> PP was positively associated with the presence of albuminuria, and subjects in the higher PP quartiles had higher urinary ACR and presence of albuminuria as compared with those in the lowest quartile in both prediabetes and control groups (all <i>P</i> < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the highest PP quartile was positively associated with increased risk of presence of albuminuria in all prediabetic subjects [odds ratio (OR): 2.289, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.364-3.842, <i>P</i> < 0.01) and prediabetic subjects without anti-hypertensive drugs (OR: 1.932, 95% CI 1.116-3.343, <i>P</i> < 0.01), whereas higher PP quartile has nothing to do with the risk of presence of albuminuria in control subjects with and without anti-hypertensive drugs after adjustment for potential confounders (all <i>P</i> > 0.01). Consistently, stratified analysis showed that in the prediabetes group, the risks of presence of albuminuria progressively elevated with increasing PP quartiles in men, those aged 60 years or older, and with overweight/obesity, normal high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and appropriate low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (all <i>P</i> for trend <0.05). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Higher PP is independently related to increased risk of presence of albuminuria in community-dwelling Chinese adults with prediabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18405,"journal":{"name":"Metabolic syndrome and related disorders","volume":" ","pages":"302-314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140867503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy on The Plasma Atherogenic Index in Rheumatic Diseases.","authors":"Osman Cure, Bayram Kizilkaya, Serpil Ciftel, Filiz Mercantepe","doi":"10.1089/met.2023.0237","DOIUrl":"10.1089/met.2023.0237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> The risk of atherosclerosis is increased in individuals with rheumatological disease. The objective of this study is to examine the heightened susceptibility to atherosclerosis in persons afflicted with rheumatological disorders. This study aimed to assess the impact of anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) medication on the plasma atherogenic index (PAI) in persons diagnosed with rheumatological disease. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This study used a retrospective cross-sectional design to investigate a cohort of 136 patients with rheumatological disease who were undergoing anti-TNF therapy (Group 1), as well as a comparison group of 117 patients getting conventional therapy (Group 2). Measurements of PAI were conducted at the initial baseline and again at the sixth month of treatment. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Initially, there was no statistically significant disparity observed in PAI values between the two cohorts. After a period of 6 months, a notable reduction in PAI was identified in the group receiving anti-TNF medication (<i>P</i> = 0.01), while no significant alteration was detected in the group receiving conventional treatment. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> It provides findings showing that anti-TNF therapy can reduce the PAI in individuals with rheumatological disease. This may indicate a potential cardiovascular protective effect of anti-TNF therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":18405,"journal":{"name":"Metabolic syndrome and related disorders","volume":" ","pages":"269-275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139521432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Detects Body Fat Changes After Surgical Subcutaneous Fat Removal.","authors":"Mohamed Badie Ahmed, Suhail A Doi, Abdella M Habib, Graeme E Glass, Atalla Hammouda, Zaki T N Alyazji, Fatima Saoud Al-Mohannadi, Hoda Khoogaly, Asma Syed, Abeer Alsherawi, Saif Badran","doi":"10.1089/met.2023.0223","DOIUrl":"10.1089/met.2023.0223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> The risk and metabolic effects of obesity are determined by the distribution of fat throughout the body. It has been proposed that the distribution of abdominal fat is more closely related to the metabolic risks of obesity. High prevalence of overweight and obesity has thereby contributed to an increased uptake of surgical subcutaneous fat removal (SSFR) procedures. The goal of this study was to determine whether bioelectrical impedance analysis (Tanita system) can be used to detect the removal of excess abdominal subcutaneous fat tissue during SSFR when studying the metabolic effects of such procedures. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Study population comprised patients who received body contouring procedures at the Hamad General Hospital's plastic surgery department between November 2020 and December 2022. To evaluate the factors of interest, subjects were prospectively followed up at two time points: within 1 week before the surgery and within 1-2 weeks thereafter. The following factors were measured: body weight, body fat percentage, body fat mass, body mass index (BMI), fat-free mass, estimated muscle mass, total body water, visceral fat score, and basal metabolic rate. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In total, 22 patients were included in the study. The two visits' medians for height, weight, BMI, fat percent (fat%), fat mass, visceral fat rating, and Doi's weighted average glucose (dwAG) were compared. Only in the case of Tanita fat% and fat mass, were the preoperative and postoperative medians significantly different. Furthermore, there was no association between these Tanita measures and dwAG or homeostatic model assessment (HOMA; insulin resistance [IR]) changes (before and after surgery). Tanita measures overestimated fat loss, as seen by the mountain plot and Bland-Altman plot agreement methods. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our findings indicated that the only two Tanita measures exhibited meaningful early associations with the amount of tissue excised which were fat mass and fat% differences. Although dwAG and HOMA-IR are not impacted immediately postsurgery, a trend was seen that suggested improvements in those parameters, even though the changes are not clinically significant.</p>","PeriodicalId":18405,"journal":{"name":"Metabolic syndrome and related disorders","volume":" ","pages":"281-286"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140175424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Triglycerides and Glucose Index Is an Independent Risk Factor for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Patients with COVID-19.","authors":"Maria Alvarado, Lizette Campos-Campos, Fernando Guerrero-Romero, Luis E Simental-Mendía","doi":"10.1089/met.2023.0247","DOIUrl":"10.1089/met.2023.0247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Although it has been observed that the triglycerides and glucose (TyG) index, a biomarker of insulin resistance, is associated with severity and morbidity by COVID-19, evidence is still scarce. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine whether the TyG index is associated with both the degree of severity and mortality by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in patients with COVID-19. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Men and women aged 20 years or more with diagnosis of COVID-19 were included in a case-control study. Exclusion criteria were pregnancy, cancer, autoimmune diseases, autoimmune treatment, and incomplete data. Patients with severe COVID-19 ARDS were allocated into the case group, and those with mild or moderate COVID-19 ARDS in the control group. COVID-19 was defined by a positive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction test for SARS-CoV-2, and ARDS was defined according to the Berlin criteria. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 206 patients were included and allocated into the case (<i>n</i> = 103) and control (<i>n</i> = 103) groups. The logistic regression analysis adjusted by age, sex, and body mass index showed that the TyG index is significantly associated with moderate [odds ratio (OR) = 6.0; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1-30.6] and severe (OR = 9.5; 95% CI: 2.4-37.5) COVID-19 ARDS, and death (OR = 10.1; 95% CI: 2.2-46.5). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The results of our study show a significant and independent association of the TyG index with ARDS and mortality in patients with COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":18405,"journal":{"name":"Metabolic syndrome and related disorders","volume":" ","pages":"276-280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139692248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Polymorphism rs2736990 of the α-Synuclein Gene with Metabolic Syndrome Among the Population of Kazakhstan with Arterial Hypertension.","authors":"Ainur Sibagatova, Valeriy Benberin, Kamshat Akhmetova, Dmitriy Babenko, Raushan Karabayeva","doi":"10.1089/met.2023.0222","DOIUrl":"10.1089/met.2023.0222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Kazakhstan reaches 40%. The presence of an association between certain genetic markers and the development of MetS will allow more accurately determining the cardiovascular risk for patients with hypertension and personalizing preventive recommendations. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The purpose of the study was to investigate the presence of an associative relationship between various polymorphisms of the α-synuclein gene and the development of MetS in Kazakh people with high blood pressure. Four hundred twenty-six patients were examined [age 49.5 (interquartile range 42.5-56), men 209 (49.1%), women 217 (50.9%)]. Standard clinical and laboratory methods were used. AutoMate Express™ and OpenArray technologies were used for DNA extraction and further genotyping. Patients with MetS made up the ms⁺ group, those without MetS-the ms^- group. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In the examined patients, four polymorphisms of the α-synuclein gene were identified: rs356219, rs2736990, rs11931074, and rs2737029. According to the results of statistical analysis, the frequency and risk of developing MetS did not depend on different alleles and inheritance types of polymorphisms rs356219 and rs11931074. The minor allele of polymorphism rs2737029 exhibits a higher frequency in patients with arterial hypertension accompanied by MetS, although the specific model of inheritance remains to be conclusively determined. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In carriers of the minor allele of polymorphism rs2736990, the risk of MetS increases 1.3 times, regardless of age and gender [odds ratio (95% confidence interval) = 1.36 (1.01-1.82), <i>P</i> < 0.05], the inheritance model is log-additive.</p>","PeriodicalId":18405,"journal":{"name":"Metabolic syndrome and related disorders","volume":" ","pages":"263-268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139912949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Obesity-Related Gene <i>MC4R</i> rs17782313 Locus Polymorphism and Components of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Huazhao Yang, Qingzhi Huang, Hana Yu, Zhenyu Quan","doi":"10.1089/met.2023.0221","DOIUrl":"10.1089/met.2023.0221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> It is well established that melanocortin-4 receptor (<i>MC4R</i>) rs17782313 locus polymorphism is associated with increased obesity risk and that obesity is strongly associated with an enhanced risk of all metabolic syndrome (MS) components. Thus, in this study, we examined the association between the <i>MC4R</i> rs17782313 locus polymorphism and the risk of the remaining MS components, namely, diabetes, hypertension, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and hypertriglyceridemia. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We performed an extensive literature screening across six scientific databases, namely, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Medline, ScienceDirect, CNKI, and WanFang employing a specific search strategy. Eligible studies were selected for inclusion in our meta-analysis, and odds ratio (OR) values and 95% confidence interval (CI) were computed through fixed- or random-effects models to examine correlation strength. In addition, we performed subgroup analyses involving adjustment factors (unadjusted body mass index [BMI], adjusted BMI), race (Caucasian, Asian), and source of controls (population, hospital). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Twenty-two eligible studies were selected from 846 articles, involving 28,018 patients and 98,994 normal participants. Based on this meta-analysis, the <i>MC4R</i> rs17782313 locus polymorphism was associated with an augmented risk of diabetes (allele contrast model T vs. C: OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.03-1.08; dominant model TT vs. TC + CC: OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.03-1.11) and hypertension (dominant model TT vs. TC + CC: OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.03-1.31) risk. However, based on this analysis, the <i>MC4R</i> rs17782313 locus polymorphism was not associated with low HDL and hypertriglyceridemia risk. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Based on this analysis, the <i>MC4R</i> rs17782313 locus polymorphism is associated with enhanced risks of diabetes and hypertension, while the associations with low HDL and hypertriglyceridemia require further exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":18405,"journal":{"name":"Metabolic syndrome and related disorders","volume":" ","pages":"241-250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140101910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Hope on the Horizon for Kidney and Cardiovascular Protection with SGLT2 Inhibitors, GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, and Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists in Type 2 Diabetic and Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.","authors":"Goce Spasovski, Merita Rroji, Goce Hristov, Oliver Bushljetikj, Nereida Spahia, Irena Rambabova Bushletikj","doi":"10.1089/met.2023.0227","DOIUrl":"10.1089/met.2023.0227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In addition, the cardiovascular prevalence in diabetic patients is around 32.2%, with a two-fold increased mortality risk compared to those without diabetes. Recent investigations have shed light on the promising cardioprotective and nephroprotective benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), and nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (nsMRAs) for individuals with T2D. The evidence robustly indicates that SGLT2i and GLP-1RA significantly reduce the risk of CKD and cardiovascular disease (CVD), all while effectively managing blood glucose levels. Furthermore, combining SGLT2i with nsMRAs amplifies the benefits, potentially offering a more profound reduction in cardiovascular and renal outcomes. The data analysis strongly supports the integration of these pharmacological agents in the management strategies for CKD and CVD prevention among T2D patients, highlighting the importance of awareness among nephrologists, especially in regions with limited healthcare resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":18405,"journal":{"name":"Metabolic syndrome and related disorders","volume":" ","pages":"170-178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139931853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}