Songfeng Liang, Xiaoyu Wu, Zhenzhen Wu, Wenting Liu
{"title":"Progress and Challenges on Materials Used to Optimize Flight Efficiency, Improve Safety and Reliability, and Reduce Cost of Electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing Aircraft","authors":"Songfeng Liang, Xiaoyu Wu, Zhenzhen Wu, Wenting Liu","doi":"10.1002/app.57029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57029","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Benefiting from the development of electric motors, batteries, and automation technologies, electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft have become more low-carbon, quieter, and more automated compared to conventional helicopters, thereby offering advantages such as reduced operating costs, enhanced safety, and improved reliability. With the rise of urban air mobility, the development of electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft has been a hot trend in academia and industry. Materials are the basis of technology, and the advancement of electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft hinges on breakthroughs in advanced materials. This paper outlines recent improvements in electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft, focusing on the fundamental research and technological status of materials used in core components such as power battery systems, motors, control systems, fuselages, and internal parts. This paper summarizes the current research progress in advanced materials aimed at optimizing flight efficiency, enhancing safety and reliability, as well as reducing manufacturing costs for electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft. By extracting, analyzing, and summarizing valid information from existing findings, it offers insights into future research and development directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/app.57029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quaternized Gelatin/Chitosan Based Biodegradable Sponges With Rapid Hemostasis and Effective Antibacterial Capability for Nasal Packing","authors":"Kaidi Ding, Xinjie Cao, Ying Liu, Haoyang Mi, Jiajia Xue, Chuntai Liu, Yuhong Ma, Changyu Shen","doi":"10.1002/app.57056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57056","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is a widely recognized clinical treatment for chronic sinusitis. Nasal packing materials possess tunable biodegradability and strong antibacterial properties to prevent bleeding and infection after nasal surgery. In this study, a series of hemostatic sponges have been successfully fabricated with quaternized gelatin (QGE) and chitosan (CS) as promising nasal packing materials. The QGE/CS sponges demonstrate high liquid absorption capacity (62.3 g/g), satisfactory compressive strengths in both wet (8.8 kPa) and dry (42.0 kPa) states, and an optimal degradation rate (36.6%) within 3 days. When QGE content is greater than 25 wt%, QGE/CS exhibits excellent biocompatibility and 99.9% antibacterial activity against both \u0000 <i>S. aureus</i>\u0000 and \u0000 <i>E. coli</i>\u0000 . The positively charged porous QGE/CS sponges enhance the capacity to concentrate coagulation factors, leading to effective hemostatic performance. In a rabbit nasal septum trauma model, QGE/CS sponges significantly outperformed commercial PVA nasal packing sponges, reducing hemostasis time by nearly 180 s and decreasing blood loss by up to 67.3%. QGE/CS sponges, with a 3-day biodegradation profile and antibacterial properties, offer significant potential for controlling post-surgical bleeding, improving patient postoperative comfort, and preventing infection after FESS.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144100828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Structural Tuning of Hydrophobic Side Chains of Cognate Ionomers on Micro-Nano Pore-Filling Composite Anion Exchange Membranes and Their Electrodialysis Performance","authors":"Dongyu You, Dengyue Mao, Xiuhua Li, Yigang Yu","doi":"10.1002/app.57065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57065","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exploring the interplay between side-chain structures of ionomers and “active” micro/nanoporous substrates, along with its impact on the structure and performance of composite membranes, is beneficial for developing high-performance anion exchange membranes (AEMs) for electrodialysis desalination. Herein, a series of tandem di-cation ionomers with hydrophobic alkyl side chains of varied lengths were synthesized, and pore-filled composite AEMs were developed using ultrathin microporous polyethylene (PE) as substrate. The structural and functional properties of these composites were systematically studied benchmarking with their ionomer membranes. The results reveal that space binding of pore walls restricts water uptake and swelling of conductive phases in composites with short side chains (≤ 6 carbons), leading to marginally enhanced mechanical strength and ion selectivity but slightly reduced conductivity. Pore-filling with longer side-chain ionomers induces interface-induced assembly, improving the interface connection between the ionomers and substrate. The space binding and interface-induced assembly collectively change the ionomer phase structures of composites. Notably, QPT-C18@PE with the longest hydrophobic side chains achieves exceptional performance including 95.45% current efficiency, high salt flux (81.02 mg m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>), low energy consumption (1.61 kWh kg<sup>−1</sup> NaCl), and robust stability during electrodialysis. This work provides insights into designing advanced composite AEMs for efficient desalination applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144100824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yue Cao, Yanchen Wang, Xin Zhang, Bo Ren, Bo Wang, Xiaodong Yang
{"title":"Iron–Curcumin–Polyvinylpyrrolidone Nanoparticles With Dynamic Disassembly and Elimination Abilities for Photothermal/Chemo Combinatorial Therapy","authors":"Yue Cao, Yanchen Wang, Xin Zhang, Bo Ren, Bo Wang, Xiaodong Yang","doi":"10.1002/app.57028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Due to the heterogeneity of the tumor, it is difficult to achieve complete ablation of the tumor by single photothermal treatment. Moreover, their broader use is constrained by the intrinsic high uptake in the reticuloendothelial system (RES) organs, resulting in slow elimination from the body and potential toxicity. In this study, we report a single-step synthetic approach to fabricate versatile FeCP-NPs, leveraging the coordination bonds formed between bioactive polyphenolic compounds (curcumin), Fe<sup>III</sup> ions, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP). The FeCP-NPs possess the following favorable characteristics: (1) The components of FeCP-NPs originate from natural products, an endogenous element, and an FDA-approved polymer, guaranteeing good biosafety. (2) FeCP-NPs exhibit excellent photothermal properties. (3) After the photothermal treatment is completed, the dynamic disassembly strategy triggered by deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) can induce the dissociation of nanoparticles and achieve rapid clearance in vivo. (4) Curcumin released during the disassembly of FeCP-NPs can be combined with photothermal therapy to achieve complete tumor ablation. A comprehensive analysis of the safety, biodistribution, and clearance patterns of FeCP-NPs is conducted in vitro or in vivo. This work provides a nanoparticle with great clinical translational potential and provides a new solution for inhibiting tumor growth.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiongfei Zhang, Xiang Shi, Yana Shi, Chunxiao Qu, Qianya Tan
{"title":"Construction of Interpenetrating Networks Structure in Epoxy Resin With Both High Modulus and High Toughness and Research on Properties of Polymers","authors":"Xiongfei Zhang, Xiang Shi, Yana Shi, Chunxiao Qu, Qianya Tan","doi":"10.1002/app.57061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57061","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The high-performance development of advanced resin-based composite materials imposes higher demands on the modulus and toughness of epoxy resins. Enhancing the mechanical strength of epoxy resin materials and maintaining their comprehensive performance remain challenging. In recent years, hyperbranched epoxy resins have emerged as an outstanding material for enhancing epoxy resin systems' modulus, toughness, and thermal performance. This study utilizes bisphenol A and trimellitic anhydride as precursors to synthesize a multi-epoxy-terminated hyperbranched epoxy resin through esterification reactions and the incorporation of functional groups. The intermediate terminal carboxylic hyperbranched-modified polyester (TCMP) and the final product high-performance hyperbranched-modified epoxy resin (HP-HMEP) were characterized using FT-IR and <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectroscopy, followed by curing with curing agent JH-45. The mechanical and thermal properties of the cured products were subsequently investigated. For the samples cured with JH-45, whose tensile strength, elongation at break, compressive strength, impact strength, and tensile modulus of the E51/HP-HMEP (20 wt%) sample exhibited increases of 51.5%, 44%, 25.5%, 111.6%, and 51.5% compared to those of the E51 samples. Furthermore, the glass transition temperature increases from 67.5°C to 79.3°C, while the initial thermal decomposition temperature rises from 306.9°C to 355.8°C. In summary, the new hyperbranched epoxy resin combines high modulus and high toughness, and the comprehensive performance is significantly improved, which is expected to become an excellent material in the fields of carbon fiber composites, concrete repairation, and so on.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144100830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"N/O/S Tri-Doped Hard Carbon From Polyaniline With Boosted Sodium-Ion Storage","authors":"Jiawei Mao, Shuo Zhao, Mingyang Qing, Kaiwen Chen, Jin Wang, Zhengwei Jiang, Xiaochao Xian","doi":"10.1002/app.57044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57044","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, N/O/S tri-doped polyaniline-based hard carbons (D-PANI-HCs) have been synthesized through a sequential process involving in situ aniline polymerization, rotary evaporation, and subsequent calcination. The residual ammonium persulfate functions as a critical multifunctional precursor, simultaneously enabling heteroatom doping and acting as an in situ gaseous template during the calcination process. The resulting D-PANI-HCs demonstrates superior structural properties compared to undoped PANI-HCs, including larger interlayer spacing, more closed nanopores and active sites. Therefore, the electrochemical performances of D-PANI-HCs as anode materials for sodium-ion batteries demonstrate significant enhancement compared to undoped PANI-HCs. Specifically, the initial Coulombic efficiency of D-PANI-HCs increases to 67.9%, up from 46.9% of undoped PANI-HCs, while the specific capacity of D-PANI-HCs at 0.05 A·g<sup>−1</sup> reaches 318 mAh·g<sup>−1</sup>, a notable improvement over the 175 mAh·g<sup>−1</sup> for un-doped PANI-HCs. Furthermore, D-PANI-HCs exhibits excellent cycling stability, retaining 295 mAh·g<sup>−1</sup> (92.5% retention) after 200 cycles at 0.05 A·g<sup>−1</sup> and 171 mAh·g<sup>−1</sup> (86.4% retention) after 1000 cycles at 0.3 A·g<sup>−1</sup>.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144100635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiayi He, Yibin Chen, Jiyuan Wang, Sangrong Chen, Xingzi Lan, Maolin Liu, Xiaojie Chen, Weicheng Ou, Han Wang
{"title":"Lavender Essential Oil-Loaded Composite Fiber Membrane Prepared by Coaxial Electrospinning for High-Performance, Antibacterial, and Lasting-Fragrance Air Filtration","authors":"Jiayi He, Yibin Chen, Jiyuan Wang, Sangrong Chen, Xingzi Lan, Maolin Liu, Xiaojie Chen, Weicheng Ou, Han Wang","doi":"10.1002/app.57000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, LO (lavender essential oil) and PCL (polycaprolactone)-based nanofibrous membranes were successfully prepared using electrospinning technology. Due to the large specific surface area of the coaxial electrospinning nanofibers, the composite fiber membrane synthesized displays outstanding performance in the loading and release of LO. The study examines three common essential oils: Lavender Flower Oil (LFO), Lavandin Hybrida Oil (LHO), and Lavender Spike Oil (LSO). The results showed that this nanofiber membrane can effectively encapsulate LO, achieve long-term release, and exhibit long-lasting aroma and antibacterial effects. In terms of air filtration performance, the LHO/PCL membrane with an inner DMF (dimethylformamide) concentration of 5% has a significant filtration effect on PM2.5. In addition, in vitro antibacterial experiments show that LO/PCL nanofiber membranes have good antibacterial properties against \u0000 <i>Escherichia coli</i>\u0000 and \u0000 <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>\u0000 , especially the LHO/PCL and LSO/PCL membranes. In summary, the LHO/PCL nanofiber membrane with 5% DMF demonstrated high filtration efficiency (quality factors is 0.13 Pa<sup>−1</sup>), sustained aroma retention for over 7 days, and exhibited antimicrobial properties, effectively inhibiting bacterial growth by 99% in testing. Therefore, the LO/PCL nanofiber membrane shows good application potential as an essential oil carrier in air filtration systems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. A. Matsko, L. G. Echevskaya, A. A. Barabanov, V. A. Zakharov
{"title":"Study of the Effect of Internal Donors Composition in the Titanium–Magnesium Catalysts on the Molecular Weight Distribution of Polyethylene, Polypropylene, and Polyhexene","authors":"M. A. Matsko, L. G. Echevskaya, A. A. Barabanov, V. A. Zakharov","doi":"10.1002/app.57022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>New experimental data were obtained on the effect of internal donors composition (di-n-butyl phthalate, diethyl 2,3-diisobutyl succinate and 2-isopropyl-2-isopentyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane) in the titanium<b>–</b>magnesium catalysts (TMCs) on the molecular weight distribution of polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyhexene produced over these catalysts during polymerization in the absence and in the presence of hydrogen. These data show the great effect of monomer structure and the presence of hydrogen at the polymerization of α-olefins on the molecular weight distribution (polydispersity) of polymers. We propose these results are determined by the heterogeneity of active sites with different regiospecificity in the chain transfer reaction with hydrogen at the polymerization of α-olefins.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation of UHMWPE Hollow Fiber Membrane With High Permeability Using High Winding Speed","authors":"Jianguo Xu, Wenpeng Fan, Yong Qi","doi":"10.1002/app.57032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57032","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Membrane aeration technology, as a critical means to improve water treatment efficiency, has garnered significant attention in the fields of international water treatment, environmental protection, and membrane science. While enhancing the aeration membrane flux can improve oxygen transfer efficiency, such improvements often negatively impact the mechanical properties and durability of the membrane. To address this challenge, high-strength and durable ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) hollow fiber membranes were fabricated in this study using thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) at varying spinning winding speeds. Microscopic imaging revealed that the UHMWPE hollow fiber membranes exhibit a loose network-like microporous structure internally and a dense surface layer. Furthermore, the microporous structure became more pronounced with increasing winding speed. At a winding speed of 9 m min<sup>−1</sup>, the membrane achieved a maximum gas flux of 1797 L m<sup>−2</sup> min<sup>−1</sup>. The maximum tensile strength of the membrane was 3.8 MPa, and the maximum elongation at break was 420%, demonstrating that the membrane retained excellent mechanical properties and durability even under elevated gas flux conditions. This high-performance aeration membrane is well suited for diverse water treatment applications. Moreover, this study showed that optimizing winding speed can efficiently reconcile the conflict between increasing the flux and maintaining mechanical properties.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biodegradable Thermoplastic Polyurethane Pressure Sensitive Adhesives Synthesized From Polyester/Polyether Polyol","authors":"Yaqi Cao, Xinyan Wang, Liwen Sun, Jia Zhang, Supei Hu, Haibin Yu","doi":"10.1002/app.57008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57008","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Renewable and degradable pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) have emerged as promising green alternatives in the adhesive industry, addressing both petroleum resource depletion and plastic pollution challenges. This work is to provide a design and preparation of high-performance biodegradable bio-based thermoplastic polyurethane pressure-sensitive adhesive(TPU-PSAs) to solve the problem that most PSAs are nondegradable, nonrenewable, and nonrecyclable. Through a solvent-free one-step polymerization process, we synthesized bio-based TPU-PSAs using polylactide diol (PLA), polycaprolactone diol (PCL), and polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMEG) polyols with varying NCO/OH ratios. Through the correlation analysis of microphase separation morphology, viscoelastic response, and macroscopic adhesion behavior, the structure-performance relationship of the system was established, which promoted the rational design of sustainable adhesives. Notably, HS (30)/0.8 (NCO/OH = 0.8) demonstrated exceptional peel strength (7.5 N/cm) coupled with substantial biodegradability (56.4% degradation within 8 weeks). Meanwhile, HS (30)/1 (NCO/OH = 1) exhibited superior shear resistance (368 kPa on glass substrates) without requiring cross-linking agents. These TPU-PSAs showcase a unique combination of tunable viscoelastic properties through controlled microphase separation, positioning them as promising candidates for sustainable adhesive applications that demand biodegradability, recyclability, and renewability.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}