Journal of Applied Polymer Science最新文献

{"title":"Delayed Fracture of Chemically Cross-Linked Shape Memory Polymers Near T\u0000 g","authors":"Matthew Di Prima,&nbsp;Walter Voit","doi":"10.1002/app.70449","DOIUrl":"10.1002/app.70449","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Delayed fracture, a behavior observed in colloidal and polymeric gels, when materials suddenly fracture under elastic loading, has not previously been reported in crosslinked shape memory polymers (SMPs). As SMPs can generally undergo large reversible strains, delayed fracture during the shape setting process could limit their utility in a range of applications by reducing the strains they can endure during packaging. In this work, delayed fracture behavior in SMPs is reported for the first time in both acrylate and thiolene-acrylate systems. Parameters such as temperature, strain, strain rate and cross-linker density were investigated relative to delayed time to fracture. Packaging strain normalized to strain-to-failure has the greatest impact on time to fracture. Additionally, by applying an oscillation during stress relaxation, moduli were tracked during packaged relaxation up to the point of delayed fracture, which surprisingly reveal no significant changes. While several mechanisms in delayed fracture have been proposed for colloidal/polymer gels in the past, the mechanisms do not seem appropriate for the behavior described herein for crosslinked SMPs and given the similarity in the underlying chain structures of the materials, the prevailing proposed mechanism in literature for other systems as well is likely wrong or at best incomplete.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"143 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147667996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cold Plasma Surface Modification With Alcohol-Based Precursors to Enhance Compatibility of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fibers in Recycled Polyethylene Biocomposites","authors":"Annisa Rifathin,&nbsp;Nugraha Wahyu Pratama,&nbsp;Fitria Ika Aryanti,&nbsp;Joddy Arya Laksmono,&nbsp;Adam Febriyanto Nugraha,&nbsp;Mochamad Chalid","doi":"10.1002/app.70598","DOIUrl":"10.1002/app.70598","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Utilizing oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) waste as reinforcement in recycled polyethylene (rPE) offers a sustainable approach to composite development. However, the hydrophilic nature of EFB limits its compatibility with hydrophobic rPE, resulting in poor interfacial adhesion and reduced mechanical performance. Conventional chemical surface modification methods can improve compatibility but often raise environmental concerns. In this study, a greener alternative based on atmospheric cold plasma using alcohol-based precursors (ethanol, isopropanol, and isobutanol) was employed to enhance EFB–rPE compatibility. Surface characterization revealed a reduction in surface hydroxyl groups and the formation of ether bonds, leading to increased fiber hydrophobicity. Isopropanol exhibited the most effective modification, increasing the water contact angle from 67.66° to 85.59° and reducing the surface tension mismatch with rPE from 27.87% to 4.29%. The modified EFB fibers were incorporated into rPE/EFB composites by varying the proportion of modified to unmodified fibers at a constant total fiber content. Morphological analysis confirmed improved fiber–matrix adhesion and reduced interfacial gaps. Overall, mechanical performance was enhanced, particularly at 10%–50% modified EFB. Crystallization kinetics analysis further demonstrated that modified EFB also acts as a nucleating agent, influencing the crystallization and contributing to the improved mechanical properties of rPE-based biocomposites.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"143 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147668822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction and Humidity Sensing Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Carbon Nanofibers","authors":"Dongzi Zhou,&nbsp;Haicun Yang,&nbsp;Junfeng Cheng,&nbsp;Dong Wang,&nbsp;Dun Wu,&nbsp;Wenzhong Ma,&nbsp;Chunlin Liu,&nbsp;Yanping Xia,&nbsp;Fangli Sun,&nbsp;Zheng Cao","doi":"10.1002/app.70588","DOIUrl":"10.1002/app.70588","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>With rapid advances in nanotechnology and materials science, the development of high-performance humidity sensors has become a research hotspot. In this work, the porous carbon nanofibers (PCNFs) with controllable nanopore structure were prepared from polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) blended polymers by electrospinning technique and carbonization method. The low-cost and easily available PCNFs were introduced into the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) humidity-sensitive system, and the PVA/PCNFs composite nanofibrous humidity-sensitive layer was fabricated on the surface of quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors. The PVA/PCNFs composite nanofiber-modified QCM moisture-sensitive element had good moisture-sensitive response characteristics with a maximum frequency response of −3114 Hz (11%–98% RH), a fitted correlation coefficient of R² = 0.9981, and response/recovery times of 36 s/&lt; 1 s and 60 s/&lt; 1 s under low and high humidity conditions, respectively. In addition, the QCM sensor based on PVA/PCNFs nanofibers showed good reproducibility and long-term stability. Compared with other moisture-sensitive elements, the PVA/PCNFs moisture-sensitive element has the characteristics of fast response and easy fabrication, which provides a solution for the preparation of low-cost, high-performance and environmentally friendly moisture-sensitive elements.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"143 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147668752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization and Comparative Analysis of Stoichiometry and Additives for Enhancing Thermomechanical, Dielectric, and Wetting Properties of Epoxy Resin in GIS Insulation Rods","authors":"Jianbiao Liu,&nbsp;Yijun Du,&nbsp;Peng Li,&nbsp;Yu Deng,&nbsp;Chenhao Wu,&nbsp;Zhongjian Liu","doi":"10.1002/app.70583","DOIUrl":"10.1002/app.70583","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Epoxy resin serves as a critical insulating material for gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) components, yet achieving a balance between its mechanical properties, dielectric performance, and interfacial behavior under coupled electromechanical stress conditions remains challenging. This study systematically optimized the epoxy resin/anhydride curing system by adjusting the anhydride ratio and incorporating functional additives to enhance network structure and fiber-matrix compatibility. Epoxy samples with varying anhydride dosages were prepared, and the effects of silicone-based defoaming and wetting agents were evaluated. Results indicate that increasing anhydride content from 80 to 110 phr causes curing degree, hardness, residual carbon content, and storage modulus (<i>E</i>′) to initially rise then decline, with optimal performance at 93 phr. Compared to the theoretical stoichiometric ratio (96–100 phr), this formulation exhibits higher crosslink density and a 2°C–10°C increase in glass transition temperature (<i>T</i>\u0000 _g). The introduction of additives effectively suppressed internal voids, enhanced resin spreadability, and strengthened interfacial adhesion with aramid fibers. Consequently, the dielectric constant decreased from 2.8 to 2.5, and the contact angle decreased from 97.7° to 84.3°. These findings provide practical and theoretical guidance for formulating GIS-grade epoxy resin systems that enhance reliability and insulation performance.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"143 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147667982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of High-Performance Waterborne Polyurethane With Hybrid Flexible Soft Segment and Its Modified Emulsified Asphalt","authors":"Yifan Liu,&nbsp;Zhenhao Cao,&nbsp;Minghao Mu,&nbsp;Zheng Wang,&nbsp;Jia Wang,&nbsp;Yanyan Zhang,&nbsp;Kunyu Wang,&nbsp;Yang Liu,&nbsp;Xue Li","doi":"10.1002/app.70599","DOIUrl":"10.1002/app.70599","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The application of waterborne polyurethane (WPU) in emulsified asphalt (EA) is often restricted by limited compatibility and insufficient comprehensive performance. Herein, a high-performance WPU (HWPU) was synthesized via a hybrid soft-segment strategy using hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) and polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMG). The nonpolar PB segments promoted microphase separation and enhanced interfacial compatibility with asphalt. The resulting HWPU film achieved a tensile strength of 24.4 MPa and 1456% elongation. Consequently, HWPU-modified EA (HWPU-MEA) demonstrated superior high-temperature performance, evidenced by a rutting factor (G*/sin<i>δ</i>) of 26.1 kPa at 110°C. MSCR tests at 90°C revealed outstanding elastic recovery (<i>R</i>\u0000 _0.1 = 99.68%; <i>R</i>\u0000 _3.2 = 72.41%) and minimal permanent deformation (<i>J</i>\u0000 _{\u0000 <i>nr</i>0.1} = 0.43 × 10⁻³ kPa⁻¹; <i>J</i>\u0000 _{\u0000 <i>nr</i>3.2} = 0.36 × 10⁻¹ kPa⁻¹). Additionally, HWPU-MEA displayed remarkable low-temperature crack resistance and extended fatigue life. Mechanism analysis attributes these performance enhancements to the formation of a continuous HWPU network structure within the asphalt matrix at an optimal dosage of 15%–20%. This work provides an effective modification strategy for producing high-performance paving materials suitable for heavy-duty road engineering.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"143 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147668140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Hydrophobic Phase Change Microcapsules With SiO2/PUA Composite Shell","authors":"Wenhao Li,&nbsp;Wei Sheng,&nbsp;Yunhui Tian,&nbsp;Huazheng Guo,&nbsp;Zhenhua Hou,&nbsp;Shuaishuai Shi","doi":"10.1002/app.70498","DOIUrl":"10.1002/app.70498","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In order to expand the application of phase change microcapsules in energy storage systems and functional coatings, PCMs with n-tridecane as the core and a silica/polyurea composite shell were prepared via an interfacial polymerization-sol–gel method. FT-IR and EDS analyses confirmed the successful encapsulation of n-tridecane and the integrity of the composite shell structure. SEM observations showed that the microcapsules possessed a regular spherical morphology with a uniform particle size distribution of 500–1000 nm and an average diameter of 623.6 ± 12.8 nm, which is favorable for their homogeneous dispersion in coatings and composite matrices. DSC results revealed two characteristic phase transition peaks of n-tridecane, and a high latent heat of 100.21 ± 2.7 J/g was achieved at a core-to-shell mass ratio of 5:2. TGA demonstrated that the silica/polyurea shell significantly enhanced the thermal stability of the microcapsules. After 150 thermal cycles, the latent heat retention exceeded 96%, indicating excellent cycling reliability and effective leakage prevention. Moreover, the microcapsules exhibited good hydrophobicity with a contact angle of 133.52° ± 1.6°. Overall, the microcapsules exhibited a favorable combination of high thermal storage capacity, excellent thermal stability, and hydrophobic surface properties, demonstrating strong potential for energy storage and hydrophobic functional coating applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"143 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147667997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Covalent Adaptable Networks (CANs) Based on Dynamic Acylhydrazone Bonds Featuring Shape-Memory Ability","authors":"Farhad Shohraty,&nbsp;Michael F. Agyemang,&nbsp;Michael Klein,&nbsp;Stefan Zechel,&nbsp;Michael Schmitt,&nbsp;Jürgen Popp,&nbsp;Martin D. Hager","doi":"10.1002/app.70595","DOIUrl":"10.1002/app.70595","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Covalent adaptable networks (CANs) are based on reversible crosslinks, which are present within the polymer network structure. Due to these reversible moieties, CANs feature interesting properties/abilities such as self-healing after damage, shape-memory behavior and recyclability, respectively. Here, we report the synthesis of dynamic polymer networks based on acylhydrazones as the reversible crosslinker. For this purpose, the acylhydrazone crosslinker was copolymerized with different alkyl methacrylates (i.e., butyl methacrylate or 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate). Hereby, two different types of networks were prepared. Firstly, networks containing only the reversible crosslinker and, secondly, networks featuring both a reversible crosslinker and an additional permanent covalent crosslinker were synthesized. The reversibility of the arylhydrazone moiety was studied by Raman spectroscopy as well as stress relaxation measurements. Latter method was also utilized to determine the activation energy of the acylhydrazones within the polymer networks. Furthermore, the shape-memory behavior of the polymer networks was studied in detail revealing excellent shape-recovery properties with strain fixity rate (<i>R</i>\u0000 _{\u0000 <i>f</i>\u0000}) above 95% for almost all polymer networks and also strain recovery rate (<i>R</i>\u0000 _{\u0000 <i>r</i>\u0000}) above 90%. Finally, the recyclability of the polymer networks was studied indicating that the intelligent properties, such as the shape-memory behavior is still completely available after the recycling process. For this purpose, we performed four recycling cycles, and the shape-memory parameters were analyzed using TMA method after each. We were able to quantify the recyclability behavior, as well as the margin of error for strain fixity (<i>R</i>\u0000 _{\u0000 <i>f</i>\u0000}) and strain recovery (<i>R</i>\u0000 _{\u0000 <i>r</i>\u0000}) for the polymer networks over four cycles.</p>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"143 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/app.70595","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147668823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modification of Soybean Meal Degradation Products to Achieve Durable Flame-Retardant Finishing of Cotton Fabrics","authors":"Wenju Zhu,&nbsp;Kai Ma,&nbsp;Wei Peng,&nbsp;Shuolong Wang,&nbsp;Shuang Xu,&nbsp;Jiarui Liu,&nbsp;Xiaokang Yang,&nbsp;Jia Chen,&nbsp;Chunming Zheng,&nbsp;Zhao Dai","doi":"10.1002/app.70594","DOIUrl":"10.1002/app.70594","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Conventional flame-retardant textiles often rely on halogenated or formaldehyde-based chemicals, raising environmental and health concerns. This study explores a sustainable alternative by developing a novel, durable, and halogen- and formaldehyde-free flame retardant (PmS) derived from soybean meal through degradation and chemical modification. The key innovation lies in creating a high-performance, bio-based flame-retardant finish that integrates durably into cotton fabric while maintaining essential textile properties. By applying 90 g/L PmS, the treated cotton fabric achieved an exceptional limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 29.2%, a significant reduction in char length to 68 mm, and retained a self-extinguishing LOI of 25.3% even after 50 laundering cycles. Comprehensive characterization (FT-IR, XPS, SEM, EDS) confirmed successful chemical bonding and penetration within the fibers. Cone calorimetry further demonstrated substantial fire safety improvements, with reductions in total heat release and peak heat release rate by 29.7% and 81.12%, respectively, supported by char residue analysis indicating a condensed-phase flame-retardant mechanism. Critically, the treated fabric preserved satisfactory softness, mechanical strength, and breathability. This work successfully establishes a viable and eco-conscious strategy for durable flame-retardant finishing of textiles using renewable biomass.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"143 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147668705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Approach to Treating Metallurgical Solid Waste via Fabricating Flame-Retardant Rigid Polyurethane Foam","authors":"Zhen Zhang,&nbsp;Xuhao Zhen,&nbsp;Junling Wang,&nbsp;Gang Tang,&nbsp;Chun Yang,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Du,&nbsp;Hongming Long,&nbsp;Xiuyu Liu","doi":"10.1002/app.70590","DOIUrl":"10.1002/app.70590","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To address the flammability issue of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) and the resource utilization challenge of OG sludge from converters, this study innovatively introduced melamine polyphosphate (MPP) and OG sludge to construct a synergistic flame retardant system, successfully preparing RPUF/OG/MPP composite materials. And its thermal stability, physical properties and combustion performance were systematically studied. Meanwhile, its PHRR and smoke factor (SF) decreased by 42.73% and 48.24%, respectively. Analysis of the char layer reveals that the RPUF composite with OG sludge forms a dense and continuous carbon layer during combustion, which can effectively inhibit heat transfer and flammable gas diffusion. Based on this, a plausible gas-phase/condensed-phase synergistic flame-retardant mechanism for RPUF/MPP/OG composites is proposed. This research not only enhances the flame-retardant performance of RPUF but also achieves resource utilization of OG sludge solid waste, offering a feasible approach to address the dual challenges of material flammability and solid waste management. It holds broad application prospects in building insulation materials and resource recycling sectors.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"143 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147668675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Radial Performance in Polypropylene-Based Insulation for 100 kV DC Cables","authors":"Hongda Yan,&nbsp;Fei Wang,&nbsp;Zhimin Yan,&nbsp;Gang Zeng,&nbsp;Qijun Duan,&nbsp;Wei Yang","doi":"10.1002/app.70570","DOIUrl":"10.1002/app.70570","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Polypropylene (PP) has emerged as a promising eco-friendly alternative to cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) cables. This study systematically investigates radial differences in the insulation layer of blending-modified PP cables. The insulation layer was stratified into three distinct radial regions: the conductor-proximal inner layer, the intermediate middle layer, and the insulation shield-adjacent outer layer. Radial variations in the polypropylene insulation layer, including melting and crystallization behavior, crystalline morphology, and electrical properties, were comprehensively characterized. The experimental results demonstrated negligible variation between melting temperature and crystallization temperature in different radial positions of the insulation layer. In terms of electrical properties, the outer layer exhibited significantly higher volume resistivity and DC breakdown strength at different temperatures, which were attributed to its elevated crystallinity and reduced crystallite dimensions. In contrast, the middle layer demonstrated lower crystallinity yet displayed larger crystallite sizes. Although the distinct crystalline structures give rise to slight differences in the electrical and mechanical properties of polypropylene insulation specimens at different radial positions, the specimens at different radial positions still exhibit sufficiently consistent characteristics. The results validate the feasibility of their application in HVDC cables.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"143 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147668122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}