{"title":"Influence of Nano-ZnO Particles Incorporated in Laminated Twill Woven Fabric Beams","authors":"Xuejuan Niu, Zhiyu Cheng, Zheng Lin","doi":"10.1002/app.57058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57058","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Epoxy resin is widely used in fiber-reinforced composite structures, but its application in high-end projects is limited due to the relatively brittle characteristics caused by its high crosslink density. In this paper, the reaction process of ZnO surface treated with silane coupling agent is described, and the toughening mechanism of nano-ZnO on resin matrix is elaborated. A three-level three-factor experimental strategy has been designed, and orthogonal experimental tests were conducted to investigate the influence of different design parameters, such as solid–liquid epoxy resin ratio (SLR), mass contents of nano-ZnO and catalytic agent (2E4MI). With the results of three-point bending (3P-bending) tests and hardness tests of the beams prepared with twill woven fabrics, surface response analysis based on statistics was carried out to evaluate and optimize design parameters. Results show that, for the beam with the optimized configuration, the maximum bending load, bending stiffness, and hardness were increased by 40.02%, 51.25%, and 58.18%, respectively.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144100480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ye Pan, Zichen Lu, Lei Wang, Yanrong Zhang, Yi Ding, Zhenping Sun
{"title":"Mechanical Performance of Polymer-Modified Mortar With the Newly Designed Gradient Structure: Effect of Polymer Types and Content","authors":"Ye Pan, Zichen Lu, Lei Wang, Yanrong Zhang, Yi Ding, Zhenping Sun","doi":"10.1002/app.57075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57075","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The varied damage faced by concrete in the pavement can be effectively alleviated by adding polymer latex. However, their required high dosage and prices limit their application. Hence, a new structure with the gradient distribution of polymer particles in concrete was designed. Furthermore, the performance and the corresponding mechanism of varied polymer types and contents on the mechanical performance of polymer-modified mortar (PMM) were systematically evaluated. Compared to the sample with a homogenous polymer distribution at the same dosage, a great enhancement in compressive and bond strength was found for PMM with the gradient structure. Besides, the flexural strength can also be slightly increased. Compared to styrene-acrylic (SA) and ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) latexes, styrene-butadiene (SB) latex with the highest charge density shows the lowest capability in modifying the mechanical performance of PMM, which could be caused by its high adsorption amount and low ductility of formed polymer film. It further indicates that, compared to the tensile stress of polymer film, its ductility is more important in determining the flexural strength of PMM. To confirm the obtained experimental results, a finite element model of mortars with different gradient structures was established, and the modeling results match well with the mechanical measurements.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrospinning of PLA Nanofibers for Coronary Stents: Influence of Solution Properties and Process Parameters","authors":"Mariana Macías-Naranjo, Margarita Sánchez-Domínguez, Ciro A. Rodríguez, Erika García-López, Elisa Vazquez-Lepe","doi":"10.1002/app.57064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57064","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Electrospinning has been studied to deposit polylactic acid (PLA) nanofibers on complex coronary stent geometries. The rheological properties of PLA with two molecular weights were analyzed in various solvents, including chloroform, acetone, dichloromethane, and dimethylformamide, to determine the entanglement concentration. High molecular weight PLA dissolved in a 2:1 v/v chloroform: acetone was suitable to form bead-free nanofibers with uniform morphology. A response surface methodology was implemented to evaluate electrospinning parameters (concentration, flow rate, and voltage). The thin film mat was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine the size of the fibers and the fiber diameter distribution. A concentration of 8% w/v, a voltage of 15 kV, and a flow rate of 0.02 mL/min produced bead-free nanofibers with an average diameter of around 491 ± 150 nm on a flat surface. Additionally, a PLA thin film of nanofibers was deposited on a coronary stent geometry using a rotary motor, resulting in a bead-free uniform film with fibers measuring approximately 817 ± 388 nm.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144100640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdul Samad Khan, Narjes Hussain Al Yahya, Hawra Abdullatif AL Qanbar, Zainab Ali Alyousif, Syed Zubairuddin Ahmed, Muhammad Amber Fareed, Firdos Alam Khan, Sultan Akhtar, Ahmed Mostafa, Abdulmalik M. Alqarni, Asma Tufail Shah
{"title":"Monomer Leaching and Cytocompatibility Analyses of Bioactive Glasses-Based Dental Resin Infiltrants","authors":"Abdul Samad Khan, Narjes Hussain Al Yahya, Hawra Abdullatif AL Qanbar, Zainab Ali Alyousif, Syed Zubairuddin Ahmed, Muhammad Amber Fareed, Firdos Alam Khan, Sultan Akhtar, Ahmed Mostafa, Abdulmalik M. Alqarni, Asma Tufail Shah","doi":"10.1002/app.57086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57086","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Resin infiltrants (RI) have been used clinically to arrest early carious lesions by the infiltration mechanism, and bioactive materials have been incorporated in RI to achieve remineralization. Bioactive glasses (BGs), a third-generation biomaterial<i>,</i> have extensive clinical applications. In this study, three types of BGs, that is, 45S5 (RI-S), fluoridated-BG (RI-F), and borosilicate-BG (RI-B) were added to experimental photoactivated dimethacrylate-based RIs with the aim of investigating the monomer leaching and cytocompatibility. The monomer leaching profile was determined with high-performance liquid chromatography and cytocompatibility evaluation by MTT assay with HEK293 cells on Days 1, 3, and 7. The cell morphology was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. A one-way ANOVA and repeated measurement analysis were used for statistical analysis. The monomer leaching was greater on Day 1 and relatively reduced with time, whereby a nonsignificant difference was found within the group at each time interval. The cell viability was significantly high for the RI-B group, followed by the RI-F and RI-S groups. The cells showed proliferation and attachment on the sample's surface, which confirmed the compatibility behavior. The experimental RIs based on BGs showed biocompatible behavior, whereby the RI-B group showed better results than the RI-F and RI-S groups.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leopold Alexander Frankenbach, Stephanie Lukoschek, Chokri Cherif
{"title":"Comprehensive Rheological Study of Post-Consumer Recycled Polypropylene: Analyzing the Influence of Waste Origin on Material Flow Properties","authors":"Leopold Alexander Frankenbach, Stephanie Lukoschek, Chokri Cherif","doi":"10.1002/app.57079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57079","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recycling of post-consumer waste has emerged as a key strategy to reduce environmental impact and conserve resources, particularly in the production of sustainable polymers. The development of high-quality recycled polypropylene (rPP) from household waste, such as the Systalen recyclate produced by Der Grüne Punkt (Green Dot), exemplifies this progress. Systalen is manufactured using a patented purification and recycling process designed to produce consistent, high-quality rPP from post-consumer waste streams, significantly reducing CO<sub>2</sub> emissions compared to virgin plastics. This study provides a comprehensive rheological characterization of Systalen rPP, focusing on the influence of its waste origin on the material's flow properties. Advanced rheological methods, including oscillatory shear and rotation rheometry, were used to evaluate viscoelastic properties, flow stability, and processing behavior. Results reveal notable variations in flow characteristics due to the heterogeneous composition and potential contaminants inherent to post-consumer waste, impacting shear thinning behavior, complex viscosity, and relaxation times. This research highlights the necessity of optimized processing strategies tailored to such recyclates to ensure their consistent performance. The findings emphasize the potential of Systalen rPP as a reliable secondary raw material for a wide range of applications (e.g., textile industry), supporting circular economy initiatives and reducing reliance on virgin resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/app.57079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhen Wu, Yaqi Li, Youmei Xing, Bin Hu, Jiani Liu, Jiewen Ma, Min Gong, Zhijun Zhang, Weihua Fang, Yunjian Yin, Guojie Wang
{"title":"Nonionic Gemini Surfactants With Outstanding Surface Activity and Wetting Properties","authors":"Zhen Wu, Yaqi Li, Youmei Xing, Bin Hu, Jiani Liu, Jiewen Ma, Min Gong, Zhijun Zhang, Weihua Fang, Yunjian Yin, Guojie Wang","doi":"10.1002/app.57085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57085","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nonionic surfactants with excellent surface tension reduction and wetting properties have great potential in semiconductor development and industrial cleaning applications. In this study, we have synthesized three nonionic gemini surfactants, designated as NGS1 (<i>n</i> = 4), NGS2 (<i>n</i> = 7), and NGS3 (<i>n</i> = 11), with varying lengths of polyoxyethylene chains. The critical micelle concentrations (CMC) of NGS1, NGS2, and NGS3 are determined to be 0.775, 0.852, and 0.889 mmol/L, respectively. Correspondingly, their surface tensions at the CMC (<i>γ</i>\u0000 <sub>CMC</sub>) are found to be 30.04, 31.15, and 32.07 mN/m. The low values of <i>γ</i>\u0000 <sub>CMC</sub> exhibit more remarkable surface tension reduction capabilities compared to commercial nonionic surfactants (Tween-80 and Brij-35), demonstrating their outstanding surface activity. Moreover, the contact angles of the NGS1, NGS2, and NGS3 solutions undergo substantial reductions, achieving values as low as 53°, 58°, and 62° on polytetrafluoroethylene, respectively, indicating much better wetting properties than Tween-80 (76°) and Brij-35 (83°). Our study gains insight into the relationship between the molecular structures and the surface properties, motivating researchers to develop more advanced surfactants for industrial cleaning and semiconductor development.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Magnetic-Targeted and Light-Triggered Self-Healing Microcapsules for Targeted Restoration of Damage-Prone Insulating Material Zones","authors":"Ying Zhang, Zheng Fang, Mingwei Wang, Chaolu Niu, Zhe Liu, Qichang Liu, Wenxu Tang, Jiameng Xu, Qiulin Chen, Potao Sun","doi":"10.1002/app.57084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57084","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recent advances in microencapsulation technology have emerged as a promising approach for achieving self-healing of electrical and mechanical damage in epoxy resin. Nevertheless, current implementations face dual challenges: (1) Dependency on external stimuli (elevated temperature, pH variations, or humidity) for microcapsule activation, precluding non-contact self-healing mechanisms; (2) Compromised matrix performance through reduced mechanical strength and dielectric integrity. To address these issues, this work innovatively presents a method to fabricate magnetic-targeted natural photosensitive microcapsules. By incorporating Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@SiO<sub>2</sub> magnetic nanoparticles into the shells of photosensitive microcapsules via interfacial polymerization with a core-shell structure, the microcapsules gain targeting migration ability and UV shielding function. The resulting magnetic-targeted UV light-sensitive microcapsules/epoxy composite insulating materials can achieve non-contact damage repair using natural light. Moreover, the magnetic targeting enables directional migration of the microcapsules to the damage site in the matrix, significantly enhancing their utilization rate. Results show that, at a microcapsule doping concentration of 2 wt%, the tensile properties of the epoxy resin increased by 16.3% compared to pure epoxy resin, with minimal change in insulation strength and dielectric properties. Furthermore, the magnetically targeted natural photosensitive microcapsules can effectively repair surface cracks and electrical tree damage in epoxy resin, restoring the composite material's insulating property to 92.1% of its pre-damage state after self-healing.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jianghao Zhu, Kan Cheng, Tao Liu, Fangfang Niu, Liwen Xiao, Xueli Wang, Yong He
{"title":"Preparation and Properties of Semi Aromatic Poly(Ester Amide)s Fibers Based on 6-Aminohexanol","authors":"Jianghao Zhu, Kan Cheng, Tao Liu, Fangfang Niu, Liwen Xiao, Xueli Wang, Yong He","doi":"10.1002/app.57052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57052","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber is extensively utilized in various textiles due to its excellent mechanical properties and high modulus. However, the moisture absorption performance of PET fiber is notably inadequate, which restricts its application in high-quality fabrics. Co-polycondensation with comonomers containing hydrophilic groups has been identified as a viable approach to enhance water absorption capabilities. In this study, we aim to improve the moisture absorption performance of PET fiber by incorporating comonomer 6-aminohexanol (AH) into its main chain. The diamide diol monomer N<sup>1</sup>, N<sup>4</sup>-Bis(6-hydroxyhexyl)-1,4-benzenedicarboxamide (6T6 diol) was first synthesized from AH and terephthalic acid (PTA). Subsequently, a series of poly(ester amide)s (PE6T-x), where <i>x</i> represents the molar ratio of amide units to ester units, were prepared through polycondensation of 6T6, ethylene glycol (EG), and PTA. The corresponding fibers were ultimately obtained via melt spinning of PE6T-x. The structures and properties of PE6T-x polymers and fibers were systematically investigated using techniques such as NMR, FT-IR, DSC, TGA, XRD, and so on. The results confirmed that the hydrophilicity and moisture absorption of PE6T-x increased with the content of 6T6; specifically, the fiber derived from PE6T-100 exhibited a moisture regain of up to 1.4 wt%, which is approximately 2.5 times greater than that of PET (0.4 wt%). This work underscores the potential for utilizing amino alcohol comonomers as an innovative strategy for enhancing the hydrophilicity of PET fabrics and provides a new idea for the application of PEAs in the field of fibers.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144100491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis and Performance Study of Proppant With High Strength and Low Density in Hydraulic Fracturing","authors":"Qun Yu","doi":"10.1002/app.57074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57074","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Currently, there are a number of problems with proppants (e.g., ceramic, quartz sand, etc.) commonly used in fracking operations. On the one hand, high-viscosity fracturing fluids are required due to the high density of conventional proppants. However, incomplete gel breakage in high-viscosity fracturing fluids may lead to residue damage to the formation. On the other hand, the rapid settlement of proppant may lead to premature closure of the fracture. In order to reduce the aforementioned problems, in the article, four low-density proppants (PS, PS-N, PMMA, and PMMA-N) were synthesized by suspension polymerization using styrene (St), methyl methacrylate (MMA), and 2-vinyl naphthalene (N) as the polymerized monomers. The structure was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, and scanning electron microscopy. The effects of reaction conditions on proppant density, sphericity, sortability, polymerization time, and fragmentation were discussed. Finally, the conductivity of the four low-density proppants was compared, and the results showed that all four proppants had better conductivity than quartz sand. Among them, the polymethylmethacrylate proppant (PMMA) with the addition of inorganic dispersion enhancers has relatively better conductivity.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fabricio Maestá Bezerra, Maria Eduarda Paschoalino Peres Zurita, Emilly Karoline Tonini Silva Volante, Murilo Pereira Moisés, Manuel José Lis
{"title":"Microcapsules and Biofunctionality: Enhancing Textile and Dermocosmetic Properties Through Microencapsulation","authors":"Fabricio Maestá Bezerra, Maria Eduarda Paschoalino Peres Zurita, Emilly Karoline Tonini Silva Volante, Murilo Pereira Moisés, Manuel José Lis","doi":"10.1002/app.57036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57036","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Textile finishes have long been utilized to impart novel functional properties to fabrics. These functionalizations can be applied to substrates through various methods. However, one of the most prevalent forms of application is via encapsulation systems, which offer protection to the active ingredients against potential adversities. These microcapsule delivery vehicles find application across diverse fields, spanning pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and textile industries. Within the textile sector specifically, such structures enable the development of functionalized substrates that act as vehicles for active compounds, facilitating their interaction with the epidermis and enabling novel functionalities, such as cosmetic or medicinal effects. This project examines how these textile materials with biological functionalities can be incorporated into dermocosmetic products, representing an intersection between various areas of knowledge. The review emphasizes the potential of bioactive textile substrates, noting that the market for these delivery systems, in conjunction with the dermocosmetic sector, is expected to experience significant growth. The integration of textile materials with bioactive molecules is poised to drive innovations in both the textile industry and the health and skincare sectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/app.57036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}