{"title":"Spontaneous organization of \"intelligent fuzzy logic networks\" in atmospheric flows","authors":"A. Selvam, M. Rabhamani, R. Vijayakumar","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.1993.290828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.1993.290828","url":null,"abstract":"Spatially extended dynamical systems in nature exhibit long-range spatiotemporal correlations manifested as the fractal geometry to the spatial pattern concomitant with inverse power law form for the power spectrum of temporal fluctuations. Such non-local connections, recently identified as 'self-organized criticality ', signify \"intelligent\" dynamic information update and storage in the overall fractal network and is analogous to \"fuzzy logic\" systems.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":183796,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 1993 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference-NAECON 1993","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134580356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Coherent versus incoherent eyesafe lidar detection at 2.09 mu m","authors":"J. Overbeck, S. McCracken, B. Duncan","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.1993.290782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.1993.290782","url":null,"abstract":"A 2 mu m laser radar has been built to compare coherent and incoherent detection schemes. The 2 mu m wavelength is of interest for its high atmospheric transmission and because it is eye safe. This 2 mu m system is capable of either a coherent or an incoherent mode, is tunable in a small region around 2 mu m, and will be used to look at the statistical nature of the laser radar return pulse for typical targets. The targets of consideration are glint and speckle targets. An analysis of the noise sources inherent in the system has been done and the magnitude of these noise sources has been determined. The probability density functions for both glint and speckle targets for both coherent and incoherent detection arrangements were identified. Knowing the probability density functions for each case, the probability of detection was calculated. Experimental data are compared to the theoretical probability density functions. A description of the laser radar setup along with the theoretical expectations of the system is presented.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":183796,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 1993 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference-NAECON 1993","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122892261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neural network hardware implementation for emitter identification","authors":"D. Zahirniak, J. Calvin, S. Rogers","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.1993.290823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.1993.290823","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of a neural network hardware implementation for emitter identification. In future electronic warfare environments, pulse densities on the order of hundreds of thousands of pulses per second can be expected in any given mission. To identify hostile radar systems, a processor must be able to store enough signatures for emitters of interest that proper identifications of unknown emitters can be made. Furthermore, the processor must make this identification in \"real-time\". This paper presents the results obtained when the Electronically Trainable Neural Network (ETANN) hardware is used to perform emitter identification from time-sampled emitter waveforms. The ETANN is a low (4-6 bit) resolution, high speed (2 billion operations/sec) parallel processor implementing sigmoidal-based backpropagation networks. This hardware was chosen due to minimal interlayer processing times, 3 us per layer, which can allow threat identifications to be made in a matter of microseconds. For this paper, a sigmoidal-based neural network was developed, via simulation on a DEC VAX station, to discriminate between 30 emitters. The network weights were loaded on the ETANN for performance comparisons. Due to resolution constraints, the accuracy of the ETANN was typically 10%-12% lower. However, the ETANN was able to make classifications in less than 6 us. This significant processing speed, with only slight degradations in performance, makes neural network architectures viable alternatives for emitter identification.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":183796,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 1993 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference-NAECON 1993","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127884621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"B-2 automatic test equipment","authors":"D. L. Carleton","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.1993.290806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.1993.290806","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the development of automatic test equipment (ATE) to demonstrate an intermediate level maintenance capability for selected avionics for the B-2 Advanced Technology Bomber (ATB). The topics discussed include: the contractual requirements for B-2 ATE; the ATE development concept and approach; the building block approach; the history of B-2 Automatic Test Station (ATS); Test Program Set (TPS) development; design team approach to design maintainability into the avionics; the application of ATE concepts originally planned for the F-20 Tigershark; the application of the USAF Modular Automatic Test Equipment (MATE) requirements for both hardware and software; the use of B-2 ATE for factory acceptance of selected avionics; the participation of the TPS industry in grouping of TPS's into common lots for development; and the creation of a Central TPS Integration Facility (CTIF) to reduce costs. The current status of the B-2 ATE program is described. Several significant lessons learned (both technical and programmatic) since initiating the B-2 ATE program which have lowered technical risk and reduced program costs, are discussed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":183796,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 1993 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference-NAECON 1993","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121155528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Maximizing noise-limited detection performance in medium PFR radars by optimizing PFR visibility","authors":"R.A. Moorman, J. Westerkamp","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.1993.290930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.1993.290930","url":null,"abstract":"Many modern air-to-air radars use medium pulse repetition frequency (PRF) as a principal operating mode. The ambiguities of the range and Doppler measurements inherent in medium PRF are resolved by switching between several carefully selected PRF values during the beam time on target. To achieve the desired detection performance and maintain an acceptable false-alarm rate, medium PRF radars typically employ a double-threshold detection scheme. This requires M correlated detections out of N PRF dwells during any single antenna beam position. The N PRF values are selected to avoid blind zones in range and velocity. Blind zones are regions in range-Doppler space where targets cannot be detected due to blanking for the transmission of the pulse, or main-beam ground clutter. The main-beam ground clutter varies in power, frequency, and range as a function of the radar's relative velocity, altitude, and antenna look angle. Advanced fighters are expected to perform against all aspect targets at a wide range of altitudes and speeds. performance in most conditions. The goal of this paper is to examine the effect that an adaptive PRF selection algorithm would have on the noise-limited performance of the radar. The algorithm would optimize PRF visibility by adapting to the changing blind zones. The results show that this simple algorithm can significantly increase the probability of detection for a given signal-to-noise ratio in many scenarios.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":183796,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 1993 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference-NAECON 1993","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128660279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiprocessor design using joint transform correlator","authors":"M. Alam","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.1993.290794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.1993.290794","url":null,"abstract":"The joint transform correlation technique is used to design a binary multiprocessor that can perform full addition and full subtraction in parallel. A new coding scheme is designed for the proposed technique. Finally, simulation results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":183796,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 1993 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference-NAECON 1993","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115963720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Object imaging with a piezoelectric robotic tactile sensor","authors":"C. Dyson, N.C. Yauilla, E. Kolesar","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.1993.290890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.1993.290890","url":null,"abstract":"A two-dimensional, electrically-multiplexed robotic tactile sensor was realized by coupling a piezoelectric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer film to a monolithic silicon integrated circuit (IC). The IC incorporates 64 sensor electrodes arranged in a symmetrical 8*8 matrix. Each electrode occupies a 400*400 mu m square area, and they are separated from each other by 300 mu m. A 40- mu m thick piezoelectric PVDF polymer film was attached to the electrode array with an electrically non-conductive urethane adhesive. The response of the tactile sensor is linear for loads spanning 0.8 to 135 grams of force (gmf). The response bandwidth is 25 Hz, the hysteresis level is tolerable, and, for operation in the sensor's linear range, taxel crosstalk is negligible. The historically persistent stability and response reproducibility limitation associated with piezoelectric-based tactile sensors has been solved by implementing a novel pre-charge voltage bias technique to initialize the pre- and post-load sensor responses. A rudimentary tactile object image measurement procedure for applied loads has been devised to recognize the silhouette of a sharp edge, square, trapezoid, isosceles triangle, circle, toroid, slotted screw, and cross-slotted screw.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":183796,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 1993 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference-NAECON 1993","volume":"388 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117240576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Kazimierczuk, D. Q. Vuong, B. T. Nguyen, J. Weimer
{"title":"Topologies of bidirectional PWM dc-dc power converters","authors":"M. Kazimierczuk, D. Q. Vuong, B. T. Nguyen, J. Weimer","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.1993.290953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.1993.290953","url":null,"abstract":"Topologies of bidirectional PWM dc-dc converters are introduced. These converters can be used in a power system of an aircraft for normal and emergency operation. The converters are obtained by adding an antiparallel diode to the switch and a controllable switch to a diode. Therefore, the load can be replaced by a dc voltage source, and vice versa. The power can flow in either direction, depending on the location of the dc source and the load. The feasibility study of such converters are experimentally confirmed for a transformer 'Cuk' PWM converter.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":183796,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 1993 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference-NAECON 1993","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114183845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optical carry-free addition and borrow-free subtraction based on redundant signed-digit numbers","authors":"A. Cherri","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.1993.290789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.1993.290789","url":null,"abstract":"A single-step electro-optical or two-step all optical carry-free addition and borrow-free subtraction units are designed using a new recoding algorithm for the signed-digits redundant numbers. A new recording truth-table which has a symmetrical complemented relationship between the input minterms (entries that produce an output of 1 or 1) and their corresponding output bits is developed. Using the new recording scheme, an efficient adder/subtracter units are implemented using optical symbolic substitution based content-addressable memory (CAM). It is shown that the new recoded signed-digit based adder/subtracter has much less symbolic substitution rules and its superiority is established over all other two-step based-symbolic substitution optical implementations.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":183796,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 1993 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference-NAECON 1993","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115156273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A jitter rejection technique in a satellite-based laser communication system","authors":"V. Skormin, M.A. Tascillo, D. J. Nicholson","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.1993.290787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.1993.290787","url":null,"abstract":"A technique, resulting in the significant reduction of negative effects of satellite jitter on the accuracy of laser beam positioning in communication systems, is presented. It implies application of vibration monitoring instrumentation for estimation of the motion components constituting jitter. A self-tuning feedforward jitter compensation scheme is introduced to the existing mirror positioning control systems. The technique is verified by computer simulation and is in the process of experimental investigation.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":183796,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 1993 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference-NAECON 1993","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126599490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}