Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran最新文献

{"title":"Brace Compliance Model in Adolescents with Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Qualitative Research.","authors":"Pouya Sharifi, Mohammad Kamali, Hadi Ranjbar, Malahat Akbarfahimi, Taher Babaee","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.39.27","DOIUrl":"10.47176/mjiri.39.27","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evaluating the performance of a brace in the treatment of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis, without considering the process of brace compliance, is not comprehensive and valuable. This study aimed to evaluate the multifaceted and complex modality of brace compliance by drawing a comprehensive model with a qualitative approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed the grounded theory methodology to systematically explore and interpret factors affecting brace compliance, uncovering patterns and themes that influence treatment success. Data collection involved nonrandom convenience sampling of individuals from local clinics specializing in orthotic management of scoliosis. A semi-structured interview guide was utilized to explore participants' experiences, challenges, and perceptions related to brace compliance and orthotic treatment. We engaged in constant comparison analysis as data were collected until we reached saturation, where no new themes emerged from additional data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 133 codes about the experiences of patients, parents, and specialists were extracted from the transcripts and categorized into 42 subthemes. The study identified 8 interconnected themes-including extensive lifestyle changes, visible improvements, supervision dynamics, result maintenance, a sense of difference, long-term commitment, monotony, and hope for a definitive treatment without surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of compliance with braces and the dynamic interplay between patients, their families, and the treatment process.</p>","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":"39 ","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Medicinal Plants Consumption Among Iranian Households: Determinants and Consumption Patterns.","authors":"Ali Kazemi-Karyani, Jafar Yahyavi Dizaj, Satar Rezaei, Kamran Irandoust, Moslem Soofi, Ali Akbar Fazaeli, Sajad Darzi Ramandi, Shahin Soltani","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.39.26","DOIUrl":"10.47176/mjiri.39.26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has heightened interest in using medicinal plants (MPs) for disease management. Considering regional, socioeconomic, and demographic differences, this study explores the determinants and consumption patterns of MPs among Iranian households before and after the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This descriptive and analytical study was conducted using survey data from the the Iranian Statistics Center (ISC). from 2018-2019 (prepandemic) and 2020-2021 (postpandemic) to compare MPs consumption. Logistic regression analysis examined the impact of independent variables, and COVID-19 on MPs consumption. The outcome variable was household MPs consumption (yes: 1, no: 0), with explanatory variables including the sex, age, and marital status of the household head, education level, number of educated household members, place of residence (rural/urban), income quintile, and province.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MPs consumption in Iran increased from 15.8% before the COVID-19 pandemic to 18.8% after.After COVID-19, the provinces with the highest MPs consumption were Markazi (43.7%), Guilan (39.2%), and Qom (34.3%). In contrast, the lowest consumption rates were observed in Lorestan (5.6%), Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari (5.6%), and Sistan and Baluchistan (6.1%). Overall, MPs consumption increased across all provinces and socioeconomic groups after the pandemic. Households led by women were more likely to consume MPs, with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 1.280 (95% CI, 1.083-1.516, <i>P</i> = 0.010). Similarly, married heads had a higher likelihood of MPs consumption (aOR, 1.630 [95% CI, 1.161-2.297]; <i>P</i> = 0.010). Households with more educated members also showed increased odds (aOR, 1.380 [95% CI, 1.163-1.629]; <i>P</i> < 0.001). Rural residents had lower odds compared to urban residents (aOR, 0.830 [95% CI, 0.781-0.876]; <i>P</i> < 0.001). Higher-income quintiles were associated with increased MPs consumption, particularly in the fifth quintile (aOR, 1.800 [95% CI, 1.592-2.025]; <i>P</i> < 0.001). Additionally, COVID-19 significantly raised MPs consumption compared to prepandemic levels (aOR, 1.290 [95% CI, 1.212-1.367]; <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MPs consumption in Iranian households increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic, but these increases were not uniform across all socioeconomic and demographic groups. Health policymakers must address the quality, safety, and efficacy of MPs, their interactions with conventional pharmaceutical treatments, and the potential economic consequences associated with increased utilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":"39 ","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Pregabalin on Preoperative Anxiety and Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Anahita Ansari Djafari, Amir Alinejad Khorram, Seyyed Ali Hojjati, Mohammad Fayaz, Amir Hossein Eslami, Maryam Garousi, Saba Faraji, Elnaz Aghabeiki","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.39.23","DOIUrl":"10.47176/mjiri.39.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the preferred surgical technique for treating kidney stones. Preoperative anxiety is a common psychiatric symptom experienced by many patients undergoing surgery. We aimed to evaluate the effects of pregabalin administration on preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in patients undergoing PCNL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized controlled trial included 104 patients who were scheduled for PCNL surgery and were randomly assigned to 1 of the 4 groups: placebo, 75 mg of pregabalin, 150 mg of pregabalin, or 300 mg of pregabalin. The anxiety level was measured using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HRSA), and the postoperative pain was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS). Methods such as the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was used for the before-after test and the Kruskal Wallis Test was used for between-group time comparisons. The generalized estimation equation (GEE) and Poisson log-linear were used for the link function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After comparing the different doses of pregabalin to the placebo, no statistically significant relationships were detected (<i>P</i>=0.931 and <i>P</i>=0.886, respectively). In the group-time study of these patients, the pain level in all 4 groups decreased with time. This decrease in pain was statistically significant for most of the groups (<i>P</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Administering pregabalin before PCNL surgery does not significantly reduce anxiety in patients before the procedure. However, preoperative administration of pregabalin has been found to be beneficial for alleviating postoperative pain in patients who have undergone PCNL surgery, with the optimal dosage of 75 mg pregabalin.</p>","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":"39 ","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examination of High-Level Language Skills in 2 Phases of Multiple Sclerosis (Relapsing-Remitting & Secondary Progressive) in Comparison With Healthy Counterparts.","authors":"Parvaneh Rahimifar, Rezvan Isazadeh, Majid Soltani, Raheleh Ghobadi, Ali Boazar, Golnoosh Abaeian, Leyla Aliabdi, Nastaran Majdinasab, Payam Amini","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.39.22","DOIUrl":"10.47176/mjiri.39.22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Language skills compromised after neurological damage, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), significantly impacting patients' quality of life. MS impairs high-level language functioning. Despite existing research, no studies have examined high-level language functions during different phases of the disease. This is crucial for a better understanding of the linguistic profiles of affected patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This descriptive-analytical study included 25 patients with RRMS, 27 patients with SPMS, and 30 healthy individuals (age range, 22-57 years). They were selected based on convenience sampling. All participants were sampled using the Persian version of the high-level language skills assessment test. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the performance of the 3 groups, and the Bonferroni test was employed to make pairwise comparisons between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant differences in the total score and all subtest scores (P ≤ 0.05), except for the ambiguous sentence comprehension subtest (P ≥ 0.05). The Bonferroni test revealed a significant difference in the total score and all subtest scores (P ≤ 0.05) between healthy individuals and those with SPMS & RRMS, except for the ambiguous sentence comprehension subtest (P ≤ 0.05). Also, no significant differences were found in the total score and all subtest scores between the SPMS and RRMS patients (P ≥ 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of the present study showed that the high-level language functions were weaker in MS patients compared to healthy individuals. However, no significant difference was found between the RRMS and SPMS patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":"39 ","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Refractive Status on Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness and Vascular Density: A Prospective Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography-Based Study.","authors":"Arezoo Miraftabi, Atusa Moghadam Fard, Azadeh Yavari, Naveed Nilforushan, Samira Chaibakhsh, Navid Abolfathzadeh","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.39.21","DOIUrl":"10.47176/mjiri.39.21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There have been different reports of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in myopic and hyperopic patients in optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based studies. This study was conducted to evaluate the correlation between vascular density of the optic nerve head and refractive errors in healthy subjects using OCT-angiography (OCTA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a prospective interventional case series, 47 healthy subjects were enrolled consequently. The target spherical equivalent was -1.00 to +1.00, -1.00 to -6.00, and +1.00 to +4.00 in the emmetropia group (A), myopia group (B), and hyperopia group (C), respectively. The astigmatism was less than 3.00 diopters in all patients. The thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), the vascular density of the optic nerve head (ONH), and the peripapillary area were measured. Statistical independent samples t-tests were used to evaluate between-group differences and the hyperopia group (group C) was considered as the reference group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-eight eyes from 47 patients were included. Twenty-five eyes (28.4%) were emmetrope, 27 eyes (30.7%) were myopic, and 36 eyes (40.9%) were hyperopic. The mean rim area was significantly lower in myopic eyes than in hyperopic eyes (1.64 vs. 1.80, <i>P</i>=0.039). Although the lowest mean of RNFL thickness was observed in myopic eyes, the difference between groups was not statistically significant. The nasal radial peripapillary capillaries (RPC) were significantly lower in myopic eyes versus hyperopic (49.04 vs.52.72, <i>P</i>=0.006). There was not any significant difference between the mean of RPC capillary inside the disc.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The vascular density in the RPC area was significantly lower in myopic eyes than in hyperopic and emmetropic eyes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":"39 ","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creatine Kinase as a Predictor of Disease Severity in Children with COVID-19.","authors":"Alireza Nateghian, Marzieh Nojomi, Mahshid Roohravan Benis, Tayebeh Heidarpour","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.39.20","DOIUrl":"10.47176/mjiri.39.20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The majority of children with COVID-19 infection experience asymptomatic or mild disease, but some of them are at risk of developing severe illness. Determination of predictors of severe disease can help to prevent this form of disease in children. The aim of the current study was to determine the predictors of disease severity of COVID-19 infection based on laboratory markers and underlying conditions in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted in Iran from May 2021 to March 2022. Thirty hundred and seventeen children under 18 years old with positive tests or pulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 referred to a teaching hospital in Tehran were included in the study. Demographic, laboratory, and clinical parameters of included children were measured. The participants were classified into three severity groups based on a severity-scoring protocol. Data was analyzed using SPSS software with chi-square, analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests, and linear generalized model. Statistical significance was considered at 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 317 children, 186 patients (58.7%) were male. The mean age of the participants was 4.75 ± 4.47 years old. Examination of clinical factors showed cough (64%), Malaise (57.7%), and Tachypnea (35.3%) were the most frequent findings among the subjects. Employing the severity scoring protocol, most patients (69.1%) were classified into the mild group. There was a significant relationship between the severity of COVID-19 and the level of Hemoglobin, Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT), C-reactive protein (CRP), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Creatine Kinase (CK), D-dimer, Ferritin, and Fibrinogen (<i>P</i><0.001). Creatine Kinase was found to be a predictor of COVID-19 severity in adjusted model. All underlying conditions, except asthma, were significantly associated with disease severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In our study, it was determined that CK could be considered a predictor of the severity of COVID-19 in children. These results suggest that integrating CK assessment into routine clinical protocols may aid healthcare providers in timely risk stratification and personalized patient care approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":"39 ","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine Infusion on Postoperative Delirium Prevention in Intensive Care Unit Patients after Esophagectomy: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial.","authors":"Hassan Mohammadipour Anvari, Hossein Shiri, Saeid Charsouei, Nima Ashrafi, Mansour Rezaei","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.39.19","DOIUrl":"10.47176/mjiri.39.19","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Delirium is a significant issue for esophagectomy patients, with dexmedetomidine (Dex) showing promise in alleviating this burden. A randomized trial on Dex's role in post-esophagectomy delirium can enhance care strategies and patient outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized, double-blind clinical trial, conducted at Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, in Iran in 2022, involved 60 esophagectomy patients. The intervention group received Dex infusion (0.5 μg/kg/h), while the control group received normal saline. Postoperatively, patients received analgesia and were monitored for delirium incidence over 3 days in the intensive care unit (ICU) using the Confusion Assessment Method. This study utilized an independent-sample t test, the Mann-Whitney U test, the χ2 test, and the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis with a log-rank test for data comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Delirium in the ICU over 3 days after surgery was significantly lower in the intervention group (10%, n=3) compared with the control group (20%, n=6) (relative risk, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.42-0.98]; <i>P</i>=0.036). On the first day, no delirium cases occurred in the intervention group, contrasting with 2 cases in the control group (<i>P</i>=0.014). Similarly, on the second day, one case was observed in the intervention group versus 2 in the control group (<i>P</i>=0.042). On the third day, 2 cases were recorded in the intervention group versus 3 in the control group (<i>P</i>=0.031).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The significant reduction in delirium occurrence observed in patients receiving intraoperative Dex infusion highlights its potential as a preventive strategy for postoperative delirium in ICU patients after esophagectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":"39 ","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Mechanical and Pharmaceutical Methods of Labor Induction in Pregnant Women in Iran.","authors":"Ameneh Ameri, Zahra JafariAzar, Majid Annabi, Majid Davari","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.39.17","DOIUrl":"10.47176/mjiri.39.17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prescribing medication, employing mechanical interventions, and utilizing complementary methods are common practices for inducing labor. This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of various labor induction methods in Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive economic evaluation was conducted through cost-effectiveness analysis from the perspective of Iran's health system. This study assessed misoprostol, oxytocin, and the use of a catheter. A decision analysis model, specifically a decision tree, was developed to facilitate this cost-effectiveness analysis. Data on cost variables were sourced from patient bills, medical records, treatment guidelines, government tariffs, and official drug prices. The primary outcome measured was quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), analyzed via the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Both deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to address the uncertainty in model parameters. Tree Age 2020 software was utilized for analyzing various stages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The catheter intervention was less costly 75,565,520 Rials(1,171 US$), with greater effectiveness, (0.628) compared with the other methods. The calculations of the net monetary benefit (NMB) for the strategies demonstrated that the catheter intervention, with a value of 364,374,089 Rials (5,646 US$), represented the highest monetary value in this comparison. Conversely, probabilistic sensitivity analysis, employing Monte Carlo simulation, demonstrated that in 1000 iterations, the catheter treatment method emerged as the optimal intervention with an 87% probability, while misoprostol was optimal with a 5% probability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our economic evaluation revealed that the mechanical catheter method emerged as the dominant and cost-effective strategy compared with other methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":"39 ","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138656/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological Basis for the Formation of Suicidal Behavior: A Review.","authors":"Roza Tatayeva, Yerbol Nurkatov, Lyailya Akbayeva, Oralbek Ilderbayev, Akmaral Makhanova, Ainash Suleimenova","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.39.15","DOIUrl":"10.47176/mjiri.39.15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The article addresses one of the pivotal issues in the formation of suicidal behavior, namely the function of central and peripheral neurotransmitter systems and the mechanisms of neuroendocrine regulation. This article presents the relationship between alterations in lipid metabolism and suicidal behavior, as well as candidate genes of the serotonergic system involved in suicidal behavior.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study is a review of a number of published completed papers by systematically searching original articles in English in the following electronic databases: PubMed, SCOPUS, Mendeley, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect between 2013 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 126 sources were used in the scientific literature review, covering findings from a range of disciplines, including biology, neurochemistry, anatomy, neurohormones, and serotonergic system candidate genes relevant to suicidal behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The identification of neurobiological indicators of suicidality is of significant importance for the understanding of the pathophysiology of suicidality and for the search for peripheral markers that could be utilized to clarify risk, prediction, and, ideally, suicide prevention. The findings of this review underscore the intricate biological underpinnings of suicidal behavior, underscoring that suicidality is not merely a psychological or social phenomenon but rather a complex and deeply rooted system of neurobiological processes. The review suggests that biological markers should be integrated with existing psychological assessments to create a multidimensional profile of suicide risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":"39 ","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Consensus Report on Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Iran.","authors":"Alireza Esteghamati, Mojtaba Malek, Farhad Hosseinpanah Ghasabeh, Farzad Hadaegh, Mohammad Afkhami-Ardekani, Hamid Reza Aghai Meybodi, Mohammad Hossein Dabbaghmanesh, Fatemeh Ghaemi, Seyed Adel Jahed, Saeed Kalbasi, Mojtaba Mehrdad, Zohreh Mousavi, Mitra Niafar, Hassan Rezvanian, Mojgan Sanjari, Amir Ziaee, Mohammad E Khamseh","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.39.13","DOIUrl":"10.47176/mjiri.39.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most serious public health problems all over the world. Development of local consensus on management of T2DM, providing clinicians, researchers, and policymakers with updated and valid evidence in consideration of practical issues, is crucial. Therefore, we aimed to develop a consensus report on management of T2DM in Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A task force group comprised of experts in diabetes management reviewed published literature. The task force members reached the majority agreement on all recommendations after participating in several group meeting discussions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The consensus provided recommendations on diverse aspects on management of people with T2DM in Iran. The recommendations covered the following topics: first-line treatment, diabetes management in people with obesity, combination therapy in people with T2DM, injectable therapy, and non-alcoholic fatty liver in people with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Considering evidence-based guidelines, the task force group developed a consensus to address important clinical issues in the management of people with T2DM in Iran.</p>","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":"39 ","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}