Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran最新文献

{"title":"Comparative Study of Radial and Median Nerve Blocks with Hematoma Block under Ultrasound Guide in Distal Radius Fracture Reduction: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Saeed Abbasi, Nayyereh Garjani, Babak Mahshidfar, Davood Farsi, Mani Mofidi, Peyman Hafezimoghadam, Mahdi Rezai, Alireza Javan","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.37.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47176/mjiri.37.113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Distal radius fractures are one of the most common upper extremity fractures, and their incidence continues to increase due to an aging population and an increase in osteoporosis. Various methods of analgesia for distal radius fractures have been described-including hematoma blocks and nerve blocks. Hematoma blocks are a simple and effective method of providing analgesia; nonetheless, their efficacy may be limited in some cases. On the other hand, nerve blocks provide more targeted analgesia and may be more effective in reducing pain during fracture reduction. This study aimed to compare the analgesic effectiveness of radial and median nerve blocks with hematoma blocks under ultrasound guidance in treating distal radius fractures. Also, this study aimed to compare the analgesia of radial and median nerve blocks with hematoma blocks under ultrasound guidance to reduce distal radius fractures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective trial, patients with distal radius fractures referring to 2 academic centers were placed into 2 randomized groups, including hematoma block, and radial median block, both of which were ultrasound-guided. The patient's pain levels were measured and recorded based on the visual analog scale before the block, 5, 10, and 15 minutes after the block, at the start of reduction, during reduction, and 5, 10, and 15 minutes after reduction. Patient satisfaction and physician satisfaction rates were assessed, and side effects were also observed for 1 week. Quantitative variables were reported as mean ± standard deviation, and number and frequency percentages were reported for qualitative variables. The Student t test and the chi-square test were used on a case-by-case basis. The significance level was set at <i>P</i> ˂ 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, 120 patients were included. The groups had no significant differences in pain reduction during the procedure. Analgesic medication was needed during the procedure for 17 patients; nerve blocks were applied for 6 patients, and hematoma blocks for 11 patients, which was statistically significant (<i>P</i> = 0.041). Satisfaction rates for patients and physicians performing the procedure were significantly higher in the nerve block group than in the hematoma block group ( <i>P</i> = 0.001; <i>P</i> ˂ 0.001, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study suggest that ultrasound-guided radial and median nerve blocks can be used as alternative methods of analgesia with other techniques in the reduction of distal radius fractures in emergency departments.</p>","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10744119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139032419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secondhand Smoking and the Fetus: A Bibliometric Analysis","authors":"Afsaneh Tavassoli, Sara Modares Gharejedaghi, Maliheh Abedi, Seyedh Mahboobeh Jamali, Nader Ale Ebrahim","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.37.135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47176/mjiri.37.135","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bibliometric analysis may indicate the most active specialist, authors, and journals in a given research field. To the authors' knowledge, there is no bibliometric analysis to provide a macroscopic overview in the field of secondhand smoke that harms non-smoker. Methods: Using the bibliometric method, 644 articles that were present in the Scopus database between 1973-2020 on the subject were considered. The data were analyzed by two visualization and science-mapping software called Bibliometrix and VoS Viewer. Also, reference publication year stereoscopy and Co-Citation historiography were used. In the qualitative analysis, 52 articles were selected that had the most citation and were analyzed. Results: In this paper, the findings show that the documents were published in 364 sources with an average citation per document of 25.14 and more than 3 authors or nearly 4 authors per document. The peak reference publication year stereoscopy happened in the year 199 with 974 references. The countries with the highest number of MCP were the USA, China, and Spain. The “International Journal of Environmental Research” and “Public Health”, has raised their publications in the field of secondhand smoke and pregnancy rapidly since 2003. Among the titles, \"passive smoking\" was the most used. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of understanding the harmful effects of secondhand smoke on the developing fetus. The findings also shed light on key research trends, influential authors, and active research areas, which can guide future studies and support evidence-based decision-making in the field of maternal and child health.","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139315993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dimensions of Health Care Management Professionalization: A Scoping Review","authors":"P. Mahmoudian, Mehdi Jafari, Eric de Roodenbeke, Mohammadreza Maleki","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.37.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47176/mjiri.37.127","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Within the public sector, health managers occupy positions that are typically filled by individuals with a medical, clinical, or nursing experience who are entrusted with assuming an additional role. The primary objective of this study was to employ a scoping review methodology to ascertain a cluster of prevalent subjects encompassing the development of a proficient health care manager","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139316326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High versus Low-Intensity Resistance Training on Bone Mineral Density and Content Acquisition by Postmenopausal Women with Osteopenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Fatemeh Eslamipour, Mehdi Gheitasi, F. Hovanloo, Zohreh Yaghoubitajani","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.37.126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47176/mjiri.37.126","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The menopause stage in women reduces estrogen levels and bone indicators. This study compared the effects of high-intensity resistance training (HIRT) and low-intensity resistance training (LIRT) on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC), T-score, and Z-score in postmenopausal women with osteopenia. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted among 45 postmenopausal women, aged 50 to 60, who were randomly assigned into 3 parallel groups (n = 15 in each). The exercise program was performed by the interventional groups—the HIRT and LIRT groups—at 4 different intensities, 3 times a week for 24 weeks: 8 repetitions at 80% of 1 repetition maximum and 16 repetitions at 40% of 1 repetition maximum. The evaluated areas (BMD, BMC, T-score, and Z-score) included the lumbar spine (LS) and the femur neck (FN) using a DEXA machine. One-way analysis of covariance and Bonferroni's post hoc tests were used for data analysis. Results: The results indicated significant differences in BMD, BMC, T-scores, and Z-scores between the means of the LS and the FN in all groups. In addition, significant differences were revealed in the BMC of the LS, the BMD, T-scores ( P < 0.001), Z-scores ( P = 0.001), and in the BMC of the FN ( P < 0.001), the BMD (P = 0.001), T-scores, and Z-scores ( P < 0.001), respectively. In addition, the HIRT group's bone indices were considerably greater than those of the LIRT group ( P < 0.00). Nonetheless, LIRT was significantly greater than that of the control group ( P > 0.00). Conclusion: According to the current findings, HIRT seems to be the most effective training program compared with LIRT for bone indicators improvement in the femur neck and the lumbar spine among postmenopausal women with osteopenia","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139316172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy with Roux en-Y Bypass (A Novel Modification) for Morbid Obesity: A Prospective Observational Study","authors":"A. Elwan, Mohamed Naroz, Mohamed Eid Abdelrahman Eid, Mohamed Elsaed Abo Elkher, Abd-Alhamed Hifny, Masoud Kh. El-Syed Ibrahim, Lotfy Abdelsattar Ebrahim, Mohmed Bakheet Gaber Bakheet, Ahmed Mahmoud Hussein, Mahmoud Helmy Elsaied Hussein","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.37.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47176/mjiri.37.121","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Recently, obesity witnessed a dramatic increase and its related comorbidities have grown. Bariatric surgeries were developed to reduce weight. However, all techniques had their advantages and shortages. In this work, we aimed to assess our new modification of combining sleeve gastrectomy with Roux en-y bypass for the management of obesity, hoping to gain benefits from both techniques to increase the excess bodyweight loss (EBW%). Methods: The study was a prospective observational study on 23 Morbidly obese patients. The study was held from January 2020 to April 2022. The recruited patients were submitted to detailed clinical assessment and investigations to check fitness for surgery. Besides operative data, any intra-or post-operative complications were recorded. Each patient was followed up for at least one year. The follow-up visits were scheduled at regular intervals (one week, one month, six months, and twelve months). Results: The mean operative time was 113.91 minutes (65-150). No intraoperative complications or conversion. There was intraluminal bleeding in one patient within 48 hours postoperatively with successful conservative management. There was a complete cure of diabetes mellitus (DM) for 5, 2, and 3 patients and antidiabetic drugs were reduced for 64.3%, 21.43%, and 7.14% at 1, 6, and 12 months follow up respectively. Hypertension was cured in 1,1,2 patients, and antihypertensives were reduced for 2,1,1 patient, at 1, 6, and 12 months follow up respectively. EWL% was 14.4%, 40.78%, and 73.74% at 1,6,12 months follow up respectively. Hemoglobin concentration and ionized calcium improved over time. Finally, serum albumin at 1, 6, and 12 months follow-up was 3.64, 3.58, 3.78 g/dL respectively. Conclusion: New modifications of combining LSG and LRYGB have shown to be safe and effective procedures. In addition, it is associated with minimal postoperative nutritional complications and permits complete visualization of the biliary system using endoscopy.","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139316295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Verification Bias Correction in Endometrial Abnormalities in Infertile Women Referred to Royan Institute Using Statistical Methods","authors":"Fatemeh Niknejad, Firoozeh Ahmadi, Masoud Roudbari","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.37.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47176/mjiri.37.122","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Verification bias is a common bias in the diagnostic accuracy of diagnostic tests and occurs when a number of individuals do not perform the gold standard test. In this study, we review the correcting methods of verification bias. Methods: In a cross-sectional study in 2020, 567 infertile women who were referred to Royan Research Institute were evaluated. The ultrasound is the performed test and the gold standard are hysteroscopy for some, and pathology for other abnormalities. For correcting verification bias conventional, Begg and Greens, Zhou, and logistic regression methods were used. Results: In the gold standard hysteroscopy test, the sensitivity (SEN) and specificity (SPEC) obtained in conventional, Begg and Greens, Zhou, and logistics Regression methods were (50%, 90.3%), (48%, 96%), (22%, 77%), (50%, 90%), and (72.8, 77) respectively. Furthermore, the area under the curve (AUC) index and kappa statistics were calculated as 70.2%, and 43.6% respectively. In the pathology gold standard test, the SEN and SPEC for the conventional methods, Begg and Greens, Zhou and logistics regression were (67.7%, 86.7%), (66%, 88%), (29%, 70%), (66.9%, 87.6%), and (73%, 83.9%) respectively. Also, the AUC index and kappa statistics were 77%, and 55% respectively. Conclusion: In the study on endometrial abnormalities in infertile women, assuming that the missing data mechanism is random, the amount of bias in calculating SEN and SPEC is very low in the diagnostic tests calculated before and after correction, using Begg and Greens and logistic regression method. But Zhou's method gives rather large biased estimates.","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139316238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Trends of Attitude Change and Interprofessional Collaboration Competencies among Medical and Nursing Students of Iran University of Medical Sciences","authors":"Davood Rasouli, A. Norouzi, Ghobad Ramezani, Akram Hashemi, Leila Neisani Samani","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.37.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47176/mjiri.37.124","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nurses’ and physicians’ collaboration is a precedent for patient care. This study examined attitude change and interprofessional collaboration competencies among medical and nursing students of Iran University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This study was quantitative cross-sectional. The study tools were two questionnaires, Attitudes Toward Interprofessional Education and IPEC Interprofessional Collaborative Competencies, which were completed by 211 medical and nursing students in online or in-person forms. The collected quantitative data were analyzed by SPSS 19 software. Results: The results showed that nurses and physicians constituted 35.5% and 64.5% of the sample. The results of the independent T-test displayed no statistically significant difference in the mean age of both groups ( P = 0.054). There was a statistically significant difference in the participants’ attitudes toward interprofessional learning, and the medical group (46.68) obtained a higher mean score than the nurse group (34.92) ( P = 0.001). The two groups with varying mean scores (179.34 for medical students and 131.72 for nursing students) were significantly different in their interpersonal collaboration competencies ( P = 0.001). Considering Mauchly’s test, there were statistically significant differences among medical students of varying academic years in their attitudes toward interprofessional education ( P < 0.001). Nursing students were also different in their attitudes toward interprofessional education based on their academic years. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the attitude of nursing students towards interprofessional education and interpersonal collaboration competencies should be increased in line with medical students in order to improve the quality of medical and health services.","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139316301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of 12 Weeks of Cawthorne-Cooksey Exercises on Balance and Quality of Life in Patients with Parkinson's Disease","authors":"M. Seyedahmadi, Javad Taherzadeh, Hadi Akbari","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.37.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47176/mjiri.37.125","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is known as the second most destructive central nervous system (CNS) disorder, which leads to movement slowness, tremors, decreased balance, instability, and CNS disorders in affected patients. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of Cawthorne-Cooksey exercises on the balance and the quality of life in patients with PD. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study, and the research population consisted of PD patients in Zahedan City who were present at the Zahedan Elderly Center during May, June, and July 2022. Twenty-four individuals who were 53 to 69 years old volunteered to participate in this study and were assigned to the experimental (N = 12) and control (N = 12) groups. In addition to the usual treatment, the experimental group performed Cawthorne-Cooksey exercises (CCE) exercises for 12 weeks, while the control group only received the usual treatment during this period. The CCE exercises were performed for 60-minute sessions, three days a week, for twelve weeks. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) was used to evaluate balance, and the Parkinson's Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (PDQL 37) was used to assess the QOL of PD. The data were analyzed using Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: The Mann-Whitney U test results revealed that the experimental group exhibited significantly higher scores in all factors of QOL and balance during the post-test when compared to the control group ( P < 0.05). Moreover, the outcomes of the Wilcoxon test demonstrated significant improvements in all components of QOL and balance for the experimental group from pre-test to post-test ( P < 0.05), whereas the control group experienced a notable decline in both balance and QOL during the same period ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: The study demonstrates that CCE exercises positively influence the balance and quality of life of Parkinson's disease patients, suggesting their potential as complementary therapy in the treatment of PD.","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139315914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gamified Educational Learning Path on HIV/AIDS Stigma and Discrimination (REDXIR): Design, Development and Pilot Study","authors":"F. Doroudi, Helia Ashourizadeh, Sara Moosapour, Ali Ganjizadeh, Alireza Ranjbar Shourabi, A. Parnia, Fereshteh Kazemipour, Minoo Mohraz, Zahra Bayat Jozani","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.37.136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47176/mjiri.37.136","url":null,"abstract":"Background: HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination are among the main barriers to controlling the HIV epidemic. Discriminatory behavior in healthcare settings deprives people of accessing high-quality health services. Methods: This study presents the design, development, and pilot study of a novel web-based application (“REDXIR”), which is designed based on behavioral and gamification principles and aims to eliminate HIV/AIDS-related discriminatory behavior among health professions students. REDXIR storyline is set in an imaginary world where the students' journey is like a 10-level game, in which each level consists of several missions with a certain amount of score. The participants have to accomplish the mission to reach the minimum amount of score to pass each level. Finally, each becomes an individual who has not only the knowledge but also the competency to educate and advocate appropriately in the field. Results: The pilot was done in six medical sciences universities in Tehran, Iran. The feasibility of the instructional design, specifically gamification strategies in the field of HIV education, and the executive functions to run the program on a bigger scale were evaluated. In total, 241 students were included and performed 1952 missions. The program evaluation showed a mean satisfaction score of 4.16 (from 1, the lowest, to 5, the highest) and participants considered their learning practical and gamification method appropriate for HIV education. Conclusion: A meaningful gamification design for an online medical education program could be a suitable, functional, and applicable learning model to reduce HIV/AIDS stigma and discrimination among health professions students.","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139316050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between Health Literacy and Proper Antibiotic Use Awareness in Tehran 2019-2020","authors":"Mardavij Hamedani, Soodabeh Hoveidamanesh, J. Koohpayehzadeh, Mohsen Arabi, Farshad Divsalar","doi":"10.47176/mjiri.37.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47176/mjiri.37.133","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic resistance","PeriodicalId":18361,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139316319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}