Sajan Thomas , Ann V. Lizbathu , Neekha Deen Abraham , Jifi Jose , Bibily Baby , P.R. Biju , Ditty Dixon , Cyriac Joseph
{"title":"Amplification of electrochemical performance in ZrW2O8 supercapacitor: Transition from EDLC to battery-type behaviour via K3Fe(CN)6 redox additive in Na2SO4 electrolyte","authors":"Sajan Thomas , Ann V. Lizbathu , Neekha Deen Abraham , Jifi Jose , Bibily Baby , P.R. Biju , Ditty Dixon , Cyriac Joseph","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the influence of a redox additive (0.5 M K<sub>3</sub>Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub> in 1 M Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>) on the electrochemical performance of ZrW<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub> (ZT) supercapacitor electrodes synthesised via a hydrothermal route. Electrochemical measurements in a three-electrode configuration revealed a substantial enhancement in specific capacitance with the Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>/K<sub>3</sub>Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub> electrolyte compared to Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> alone. This improvement is attributed to the synergistic effects of increased ionic conductivity and the reversible [Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3−</sup>/[Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>4−</sup> redox couple. The evolution of cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) profiles confirmed a transition in the charge storage mechanism from electric double-layer capacitance (EDLC) to battery-type behaviour upon the introduction of the redox additive. Furthermore, the ZT//AC asymmetric supercapacitor operating in the Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>/K<sub>3</sub>Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub> electrolyte delivered a high specific capacitance of 364 F/g at 1 A/g within a 0–1.5 V potential window, along with an impressive energy density of 113.75 Wh/kg. These findings highlight a simple and effective strategy to significantly enhance the energy storage capability of ZT-based supercapacitors through the incorporation of redox additives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 118843"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sudarshan Gawali , Subhash M. Wani , Yogesh P. Ubale , Pratik S. Patil , Kalyani Deshmukh , K.M. Jadhav
{"title":"Black pepper assisted sol-gel auto-combustion synthesis of yttrium doped cobalt ferrite and characterizations for enhancement of photocatalytic dye degradation efficiency","authors":"Sudarshan Gawali , Subhash M. Wani , Yogesh P. Ubale , Pratik S. Patil , Kalyani Deshmukh , K.M. Jadhav","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Yttrium doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CoFe<sub>2-x</sub>YₓO₄, x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05) were prepared by green synthesis approach. <em>Piper nigrum</em> (black pepper) was used as a biogenic fuel. TGA-DTA studies indicate that CoFe<sub>2-x</sub>YₓO₄ nanoparticles were formed at 600 °C. The single phase cubic spinel structure was verified through X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystallite size obtained to be 23 nm - 15 nm. The lattice constant decreases with yttrium ion doping (x ≤ 0.05). The two absorption bands below 1000 cm<sup>−1</sup> were observed in FTIR spectra characterizes the spinel ferrite structure. FE-SEM images reflect spherical symmetry with grain sizes between 26 nm and 21 nm. The EDS analysis confirms the presence of all the elements in stoichiometric proportion. The elemental composition was further validated using XPS analysis. The Tauc plot suggest the increase in band gap values from 1.94 eV and 2.12 eV. The M-H curve exhibits the ferrimagnetic behaviour at 300 K. The blocking temperature suggest the superparamagnetic nature above 360 K from ZFC-FC curve. The MB dye degradation efficiency increases with increasing Y doping. The rate constant also increases with yttrium doping. The presence of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> as an oxidizing agent in the solution increases the degradation efficiency as well as rate constant of the reaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 118846"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis of mesoporous Nb-doped V2O5 for ethanol detection - experimental and DFT studies","authors":"S. Uma , D. Vignesh , M.K. Shobana","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mesoporous nanospheres of pristine V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> and Nb-doped V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> (1 %, 3 %, and 5 % Nb) were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method for ethanol sensing applications. Structural, morphological, optical, and compositional analyses were performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), while Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis assessed surface area and porosity. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to investigate structural and optical properties, providing good agreement with experimental results. Nb doping reduced the crystal size from 50.26 nm (V-pure) to 43.42 nm (VNb-5) and increased the surface area from 25.784 m<sup>2</sup>/g to 84.894 m<sup>2</sup>/g. Gas sensing tests in a static chamber for various volatile organic compounds revealed enhanced selectivity towards ethanol, with the VNb-5 sensor exhibiting a sensitivity of 1.55 for 100 ppm ethanol at 220 °C, along with response and recovery times of 34.79 s and 913.25 s, respectively. The improved sensing performance is attributed to increased surface-active sites, enhanced adsorption-desorption kinetics, and catalytic effects introduced by Nb doping, making VNb-5 a promising candidate for ethanol detection in breathalyzer and environmental monitoring applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 118838"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Habib , Sajid Farooq , Ishrat Sultana , Azizur Rehman , Saleh S. Alarfaji , Bin Hong , Zahir Muhammad
{"title":"Influence of Cu doping on magnetic properties of HfSe2 grown by chemical vapor transport technique","authors":"Muhammad Habib , Sajid Farooq , Ishrat Sultana , Azizur Rehman , Saleh S. Alarfaji , Bin Hong , Zahir Muhammad","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118837","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118837","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, highly crystalline multilayered hafnium diselenide (HfSe<sub>2</sub>) was grown via chemical vapor transport (CVT) method and investigated for magnetic properties by doping with non-magnetic Cu element. The surface morphology and structural properties of the as-grown materials were ascertained using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) techniques. The pristine HfSe<sub>2</sub> exhibited diamagnetic behavior, while Cu doping induced a transition to ferromagnetism with clear saturation of the magnetization curves below room temperature, due to vacancy generation and/or different bonding formation. The magnetic properties of Cu-doped HfSe<sub>2</sub> (Cu-HfSe<sub>2</sub>) were experimentally confirmed and further verified through performing density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which revealed that the <em>s</em>- and <em>p</em>-bands of Cu clearly show spin-polarization below and above the Fermi level in the emergence of magnetism in Cu-HfSe<sub>2</sub> material.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 118837"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alberto Mannu , Maria Enrica Di Pietro , Viviana Bosello , Gabriele Mulas , Cinzia Ferrario , Fabrizio Murgia , Aurora Francesca Foddai , Gabriele Magugliani , Eros Mossini , Elena Macerata , Alessandra Zanoletti , Antonella Cornelio , Sonia Calce , Elza Bontempi , Andrea Mele
{"title":"Selective and sustainable recovery of lithium from black mass via microwave and green leaching techniques","authors":"Alberto Mannu , Maria Enrica Di Pietro , Viviana Bosello , Gabriele Mulas , Cinzia Ferrario , Fabrizio Murgia , Aurora Francesca Foddai , Gabriele Magugliani , Eros Mossini , Elena Macerata , Alessandra Zanoletti , Antonella Cornelio , Sonia Calce , Elza Bontempi , Andrea Mele","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has intensified the need for efficient and sustainable recycling processes to recover critical metals such as lithium, cobalt, Ni, and Mn from spent batteries. This study presents a novel microwave-assisted pyrometallurgical-hydrometallurgical approach for the selective and high-yield recovery of Li and from industrial black mass (BM). The process integrates microwave-induced carbothermic reduction with a two-step leaching strategy, water leaching for Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> recovery and deep eutectic solvent (DES)-based leaching for Co, Ni, and Mn extraction. Advanced characterization techniques (SEM/EDS, ICP, XRD) confirmed the selective separation of metals. In the optimized version, the proposed process allowed up to 85% Li efficiency. A sustainability assessment using the ESCAPE index demonstrated the environmental advantages of this method over conventional acid-based hydrometallurgy. This scalable and eco-friendly process offers a suitable pathway for Li recovering from spent LIBs, aligning with circular economy principles and future industrial implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 118734"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-pressure study of rubidium nitrides in nitrogen-rich region","authors":"Jiamei Song, Chuxuan Wang, Jiajing Yuan, Qiao Qiao, Wei Feng, Yuanyuan Wang, Zhihui Li, Zhen Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high-pressure phase diagram of the Rb<img>N system was updated by proposing six high-pressure phases (<em>C</em>2/<em>m</em>-RbN, <em>P</em>2<sub>1</sub>/<em>c</em>-RbN<sub>3</sub>, <em>P</em>6<em>mmm</em>-RbN<sub>3</sub>, <em>P</em>4<em>bm</em>-RbN<sub>5</sub>, <em>P</em>1-RbN<sub>6</sub>, and <em>Cm</em>-RbN<sub>5</sub>). The <em>P</em>21/<em>c-</em>RbN<sub>3</sub>, <em>P</em>6<em>mmm</em>-RbN<sub>3</sub>, and <em>P</em>4<em>bm</em>-RbN<sub>5</sub> and <em>P</em>1-RbN<sub>6</sub> can be quenched to ambient pressure and temperature conditions. The charge transfer between Rb and N atoms promotes the formation of Rb<img>N ionic bond interactions, which plays an important role in the structural stability. Notably, the aromatic N<sub>5</sub> rings are found in both <em>P</em>4<em>bm</em>-RbN<sub>5</sub> and <em>Cm</em>-RbN<sub>5</sub>. More importantly, the nitrogen-rich Rb<img>N compounds exhibit high volumetric energy densities (E<sub><em>v</em></sub> = 8.47–13.92 kJ/cm<sup>3</sup>), indicates that they are potential candidates as high energy density materials. This study provides theoretical guidance for experimental synthesis of novel metal nitrogen-rich compounds with high-energy characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 118824"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145220205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maha Alhaddad , Fatehy M. Abdel-Haleem , Tamer M. Khedr , A.A. Baoum
{"title":"Efficient design of mesoporous NiS/FePO4 S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst for efficiently enhancing hydrogen evolution under visible light","authors":"Maha Alhaddad , Fatehy M. Abdel-Haleem , Tamer M. Khedr , A.A. Baoum","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heterogeneous photocatalysis has been touted as an impressive technique thanks to its provision of a clean, economical, and sustainable approach for generating “green” hydrogen for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. The rapidly occurring recombination of photo-induced charge pairs is touted as an important roadblock to photocatalytic hydrogen production. The present research presents the controlled building of innovative mesoporous NiS/FePO<sub>4</sub> (NiS/FPO) heterojunction photocatalysts, incorporating varying NiS concentrations via a modified sol-gel and wet impregnation technique, aimed at promoting light-triggered hydrogen generation from a glycerol aqueous solution, with an in situ loaded Pt (co-catalyst) on the surface of the photocatalyst during the photocatalytic experiments. The highest-performance photocatalyst, 9 % NiS/FPO, possessed a mesoporous two-dimensional (2D) architecture, a large surface area (115 m<sup>2</sup>/g), a wider absorption boundary (483.87 nm), and considerable efficacy in separating photo-induced electron/hole (e<sup>−</sup>/h<sup>+</sup>) pairs, together with substantial redox capabilities. Consequently, the 9 % NiS/FPO at an optimal concentration of 2.0 g/L achieved a better hydrogen yield of 33.60 mmol g<sup>−1</sup>, with a maximized rate of 4.252 mmol h<sup>−1</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>, eclipsing the rate obtained utilizing the pristine FPO by roughly 141.7 occasions. The five-run investigations demonstrated the notable stability of the 9 % NiS/FPO heterojunction. The primary cause of this astounding efficacy is the design of the S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst, which strengthened the separation of photo-induced carriers, augmented the capacity to harvest and harness visible light, and heightened redox capabilities. The current study introduces an innovative and pragmatic approach to developing superior S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts for the efficient and reliable production of hydrogen from water.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 118842"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rui Cheng , Min Zhang , Qian Zhang , Hongcheng Shan , Hanyun Liu , Junhu Zhao , Shufeng Zuo , Peng Yang
{"title":"Construction of TiO2-WO3 solid acid catalysts and performance study on catalytic degradation of chlorobenzene and methylbenzene mixture","authors":"Rui Cheng , Min Zhang , Qian Zhang , Hongcheng Shan , Hanyun Liu , Junhu Zhao , Shufeng Zuo , Peng Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118847","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The novel TiO<sub>2</sub>-WO<sub>3</sub> solid acid catalyst system was successfully constructed through modified sol-gel method, by using different molar ratios of Ti/W and various chelating agents. The catalytic degradation performance of these catalysts were researched for the mixture [500 ppmv chlorobenzene (CB) and 500 ppmv methylbenzene (MB)]. The results showed that the specific surface area, pore structure, crystal size, acid properties and redox properties of TiO<sub>2</sub>-WO<sub>3</sub> solid acid catalysts were effectively improved by reasonable selection and optimization of Ti/W molar ratio and chelating agent. The TiO<sub>2</sub>-WO<sub>3</sub> composite catalysts displayed good catalytic activity and selectivity in the catalytic degradation of both CB and MB. Among them, the catalyst with the Ti/W molar ratio of 4/1 (4Ti1W) demonstrated the optimal catalytic activity, with the T<sub>90%</sub> for CB and MB degradation being 355 °C and 320 °C, respectively. Among the types of chelating agents, the TiWO-CA catalyst with citric acid as the chelating agent was the best since it had high acidic sites and good redox ability. In addition, the stability of TiWO-CA in continuous reaction was proved by 60 h tolerance test. This study offers a theoretical basis and experimental insights for the subsequent development of highly active and green solid acid samples for VOCs treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 118847"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-temperature synthesis of PtCo/C catalysts: The effect of Pt loading on their structure and activity","authors":"A.K. Nevelskaya , S.V. Belenov , A.A. Gavrilova , N.V. Lyanguzov , E.R. Beskopylny , I.V. Pankov , A.A. Kokhanov","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a high-performance PtCo/C catalyst synthesized from commercial Pt/C (10–40 wt% Pt) via high-temperature treatment (700 °C, H₂/inert atmosphere) of cobalt-deposited precursors. Increasing platinum content was found to promote nanoparticle coalescence, reducing the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) and diminishing catalytic activity. Among the tested variants, the 20 wt% Pt-loaded PtCo/C catalyst demonstrated exceptional performance, achieving 4.7-fold higher activity than commercial Pt/C benchmarks. Accelerated stability tests (AST) revealed superior durability, with the PtCo/C-20 catalyst exhibiting higher post-AST activity, lower ECSA degradation, and minimal half-wave potential loss. When integrated into membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs), the catalyst showed enhanced functional performance, confirming its potential for low-temperature fuel cell applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 118844"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rafael A. Raimundo , Jakeline R.D. Santos , Thayse R. Silva , Pâmala S. Vieira , Thiago O. Pereira , Allan J.M. Araújo , Francisco J.A. Loureiro , Daniel A. Macedo , Duncan P. Fagg
{"title":"Enhancing oxygen evolution reaction through tailored copper oxide/nickel foam interfaces","authors":"Rafael A. Raimundo , Jakeline R.D. Santos , Thayse R. Silva , Pâmala S. Vieira , Thiago O. Pereira , Allan J.M. Araújo , Francisco J.A. Loureiro , Daniel A. Macedo , Duncan P. Fagg","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reports the synthesis of CuO directly grown on nickel foam (NF) <em>via</em> a combined sol-gel and low-temperature hydrothermal method. XRD, FESEM, FT-IR, and XPS analyses confirm the formation of crystalline CuO with well-defined morphology, structural integrity, and the presence of Cu<sup>2+</sup> ions. Electrochemical tests in 1 M KOH show that the directly grown CuO (CuO-G) exhibits a larger electrochemically active area, lower charge transfer resistance, and improved oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity compared to conventionally deposited CuO (CuO-D). CuO-G also shows lower overpotential, a smaller Tafel slope, and a higher turnover frequency (TOF), indicating enhanced catalytic efficiency. Long-term tests confirm the structural and morphological stability of the electrode. These results demonstrate that the direct growth strategy significantly enhances the electrochemical performance of CuO, making it a promising approach for energy conversion and storage applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 118826"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}