Limnology and Oceanography: Methods最新文献

{"title":"Simple and affordable colorimetric sensing strips for quantitative determination of total manganese in porewater samples","authors":"Ignacio Pedre,&nbsp;Nico Fröhberg,&nbsp;Hannelore Waska,&nbsp;Andrea Koschinsky,&nbsp;Katharina Pahnke","doi":"10.1002/lom3.10615","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lom3.10615","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Simple and economical colorimetric strips for measuring manganese (Mn) in natural waters are described. For their construction, leucomalachite green (LMG) embedded in a Nafion® polymeric matrix was immobilized on a polyvinylchloride surface. Upon immersing the strips in the sample, any soluble manganese(II/III) present catalyzed the oxidation of the LMG base to malachite green by adding sodium periodate. The observed color change is related to the manganese concentration and can be quantified using a field device constructed using commercial red–green–blue sensors and an Arduino® board. A linear response from 0.1 to 0.6 <i>μ</i>mol L⁻¹ manganese (limit of detection: 0.1 <i>μ</i>mol L⁻¹) was observed. The signal for strips prepared on 7 d gave a relative standard deviation equal to 13%. The strips showed good agreement with results obtained by ICP-MS in porewater collected on Spiekeroog Island (North Sea). Therefore, the method is a tool for rapid measurements of manganese in porewater samples offering new possibilities in understanding biogeochemistry for high temporal and spatial resolution manganese surveys and providing an analytical technique that provides field results comparable to laboratory systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":18145,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","volume":"22 7","pages":"484-494"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lom3.10615","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140627173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From seasonal field study to surrogate modeling: Investigating the biomechanical dynamics of Elymus sp. in salt marshes","authors":"Kara Keimer,&nbsp;Felix Kind,&nbsp;Inga Prüter,&nbsp;Viktoria Kosmalla,&nbsp;Oliver Lojek,&nbsp;David Schürenkamp,&nbsp;Markus Prinz,&nbsp;Stephan Niewerth,&nbsp;Jochen Aberle,&nbsp;Nils Goseberg","doi":"10.1002/lom3.10616","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lom3.10616","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Salt marshes have been studied in the context of ecosystem services they can provide for coastal protection. In this study, monthly field campaigns focusing on <i>Elymus</i> spp. and its biomechanical properties were conducted from December 2021 to December 2022 on the German Barrier Island Spiekeroog. A total of 1390 specimens were investigated to determine their growth length, out of which 418 specimens were investigated mechanically with three-point bending tests to determine their biomechanical properties. To evaluate the interaction of hydraulic loads and vegetation, the challenge of modeling biomechanical plant properties to scale is addressed by using resin 3D printing with flexible material, while focusing on the materials mechanical properties. Based on the field data acquired and additional literature (adding up to 1959 measurements), a cylindrical plant model with an outer diameter of <span></span><math>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>d</mi>\u0000 <mi>o</mi>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <mn>1.60</mn>\u0000 <mspace></mspace>\u0000 <mi>mm</mi>\u0000 </mrow></math> (scale 1 : 1) was developed. It was manufactured mixing two resin components with varying volume ratios resulting in surrogates with different flexural stiffnesses. The surrogates were characterized using three-point bending tests and image analysis of their bending behavior when subjected to currents between 0.4 and 1.2 m/s. With the average Young's modulus <span></span><math>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>E</mi>\u0000 </mrow></math> ranging from 8.45 to 1708.42 MPa, the bending angle varies from 0° to 77.4° displaying the influence of material stiffness and flow velocity. Applying the Cauchy scaling law, this study shows that resin 3D printing can be used to model <i>Elymus</i> sp. with respect to its biomechanical properties allowing for seasonally independent physical laboratory experiments with plant models.</p>","PeriodicalId":18145,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","volume":"22 6","pages":"416-436"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lom3.10616","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140587715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First application of one-class support vector machine algorithms for detecting abnormal behavior of marine medaka Oryzias javanicus exposed to the harmful alga Karenia mikimotoi","authors":"Abrianna Elke Chairil,&nbsp;Yuki Takai,&nbsp;Yosuke Koba,&nbsp;Shinya Kijimoto,&nbsp;Yukinari Tsuruda,&nbsp;Ik-Joon Kang,&nbsp;Yuji Oshima,&nbsp;Yohei Shimasaki","doi":"10.1002/lom3.10613","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lom3.10613","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It is empirically known that fish exposed to harmful algal blooms (HABs) exhibit abnormal behavior. This might serve as a method for early detection of HABs. There has been no report of the detection of behavioral abnormalities of fish exposed to harmful algae using machine learning. In this study, the behavior of <i>Oryzias javanicus</i> (Java medaka) exposed in a stepwise manner to the HAB species <i>Karenia mikimotoi</i> at densities of 0 cells mL⁻¹ (control), 1 × 10³ cells mL⁻¹ (nonlethal), and 5 × 10³ cells mL⁻¹ (sublethal) was recorded for 30 min at each cell density using two digital cameras connected to a software that tracked behavioral metrics of fish. The level of anomaly in the behavior of Java medaka was then analyzed using one-class support vector machines (OC-SVM) to determine whether the behavioral changes could be considered abnormal. The results revealed abnormal swimming behavior evidenced by an increase of swimming speed, a decrease of shoaling behavior, and a greater depth of swimming in Java medaka exposed especially to the sublethal <i>K</i>. <i>mikimotoi</i> density. The medaka exposed to <i>K</i>. <i>mikimotoi</i> also displayed physical deformities of their gills that were thought to have caused their abnormal behavior. This supposition was confirmed by further analysis using OC-SVM because the behavior of groups exposed to nonlethal and sublethal densities of <i>K</i>. <i>mikimotoi</i> were considered abnormal compared with that of the control groups. The results of this study show the possibility of using this system for early and real-time detection of HABs.</p>","PeriodicalId":18145,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","volume":"22 6","pages":"388-398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lom3.10613","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140587315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and use of a novel diver-operated ski for surveying nearshore rocky reef habitats","authors":"Carol S. Thornber,&nbsp;Giancarlo Cicchetti,&nbsp;Lindsay Green-Gavrielidis,&nbsp;Niels-Viggo S. Hobbs,&nbsp;Gabrielle Pantoni,&nbsp;David L. Taylor","doi":"10.1002/lom3.10617","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lom3.10617","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The use of camera and video technologies for conducting underwater surveys has rapidly expanded over the past several decades. However, the utility of these systems can be significantly hampered by numerous logistical factors, including limited underwater visibility, rough bottom topography, and ease of use for the operator. Video studies can be difficult to compare when methods and terminologies differ. Here, we describe the development of a cost-effective diver-propelled underwater ski-based video system for rapidly acquiring videos in challenging shallow, high-energy rocky benthic habitats for quantifying fish, macroalgae, and invertebrates in a coastal temperate system. The ski held the camera at a (relatively) fixed distance from the seafloor, we used parallel lasers to quantify our observations, and we used the standardized language of the Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard to acquire consistent quantitative data to serve as an ecological baseline, also including archived images. Our results indicate that the ski proved to be an effective tool for capturing insightful data that would otherwise be very difficult and time-consuming to collect. Our baseline and repeatable methods can be used by other investigators at this or other locations for monitoring, re-evaluation, or comparisons to other sites.</p>","PeriodicalId":18145,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","volume":"22 7","pages":"495-506"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140587321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a hybrid model with multiview learning for acoustic classification of Atlantic herring schools","authors":"Yawen Zhang,&nbsp;Carrie C. Wall,&nbsp;J. Michael Jech,&nbsp;Qin Lv","doi":"10.1002/lom3.10611","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lom3.10611","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Advances in active acoustic technology have outpaced the ability to process and analyze the data in a timely manner. Currently, scientists rely on manual scrutiny or limited automation to translate acoustic backscatter to biologically meaningful metrics useful for fisheries and ecosystem management. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Northeast Fisheries Science Center has monitored the Atlantic herring population in the Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank since 1999 due to the stocks' important economic and ecological role for the commercial lobster industry. Manual scrutinization to identify Atlantic herring schools from the water column sonar data is time-consuming and impractical for large-scale studies. To automate this process, a hybrid model with multiview learning was proposed for automatic Atlantic herring school detection, which consists of two steps: (1) region-of-interest (ROI) detection and (2) ROI classification. The ROI detection step was designed to detect school-like objects, and the ROI classification step was designed to distinguish Atlantic herring schools from other objects. The co-training algorithm was employed for multiview learning as well as semi-supervised learning. Within this framework, single-view vs. multiview learning and supervised vs. semi-supervised learning were evaluated and compared. Our results showed that multiview learning can improve the performance of the hybrid model in Atlantic herring school detection, and the utilization of unlabeled data is also helpful when the training set is small. The best-performed model achieved an <i>F</i>1-score of 0.804. This new framework provides an efficient and effective tool for automatic Atlantic herring school detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":18145,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","volume":"22 5","pages":"351-368"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lom3.10611","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140587317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a fast-response system with integrated calibration for high-resolution mapping of dissolved methane concentration in surface waters","authors":"Jesse T. Dugan,&nbsp;Thomas Weber,&nbsp;John D. Kessler","doi":"10.1002/lom3.10609","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lom3.10609","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dissolved gas concentrations in surface waters can have sharp gradients across marine and freshwater environments, which often prove challenging to capture with analytical measurement. Collecting discrete samples for laboratory analysis provides accurate results, but suffers from poor spatial resolution. To overcome this limitation, water equilibrators and gas membrane contactors (GMCs) have been used for the automated underway measurement of dissolved gas concentrations in surface water. However, while water equilibrators can provide continuous measurements, their analytical response times to changes in surface water concentration can be slow, lasting tens of minutes. This leads to spatial imprecisions in the dissolved gas concentration data. Conversely, while GMCs have proven to have much faster analytical response times, often lasting only a few minutes or less, they suffer from poor accuracy and thus require routine calibration. Here we present an analytical system for the high accuracy and high precision spatial mapping of dissolved methane concentration in surface waters. The system integrates a GMC with a cavity ringdown spectrometer for fast analytical response times, with a calibration method involving two Weiss-style equilibrators and discrete measurements in vials. Data from both the GMC and equilibrators are collected simultaneously, with discrete vial samples collected periodically throughout data collection. We also present a mathematical algorithm integrating all data collected for the routine calibration of the GMC dataset. The algorithm facilitates comparison between the GMC and equilibrator datasets despite the substantial differences in response times (0.7–2.1 and 4.1–17.6 min, respectively). This measurement system was tested with both systematic laboratory experiments and field data collected on a research cruise along the US Atlantic margin. Once calibrated, this system identified numerous sharp peaks of dissolved methane concentration in the US Atlantic margin dataset that would be poorly resolved, or outright missed with previous measurement techniques. Overall, the precision and accuracy for the technique presented here were determined to be 11.2% and 10.4%, respectively, the operating range was 0–1000 ppm methane, and the <i>e</i>-folding response time to changes in dissolved methane concentration was 0.7–2.1 min.</p>","PeriodicalId":18145,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","volume":"22 5","pages":"321-332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140587709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vivo injection of exogenous molecules into octocorals: Application to the study of calcification","authors":"Clémence Forin,&nbsp;Guillaume Loentgen,&nbsp;Denis Allemand,&nbsp;Sylvie Tambutté,&nbsp;Philippe Ganot","doi":"10.1002/lom3.10610","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lom3.10610","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In vivo studies of the effects of molecules of interest, such as hormones or xenobiotics on corals, are essential to uncover their effects on coral biological processes. However, exposure to such molecules is very challenging in aquarium systems due to the duration of exposure, the high cost of the compounds, their quantity, and their diffusion in seawater. In this study, we provide a durable alternative method by in vivo injection. The aim of this study was to evaluate slow release and local injection as a novel method of delivering compounds to corals. In this method, coconut oil, which solidifies upon injection and has a melting point of about 24°C, is used as the vehicle for injection. Local diffusion of the injected products in the organism was followed using visual tracers. Specifically, two classes of fluorescent markers were used, one of which examined internalization into cells (rhodamine), while the others were used as an application to monitor the calcification process (alizarin, calcein). In parallel, we developed an analytical method to quantify the calcein and alizarin labeling of sclerites, which allowed us to determine calcification rates in different parts of the coral. Two octocorals were used to optimize these methods, with <i>Sarcophyton</i> sp. being the preferred organism to develop and validate the injection procedures and characterize the diffusion of the markers. Once the method was perfected, injections were performed on the precious coral <i>Corallium rubrum</i> to prove the transferability of the method.</p>","PeriodicalId":18145,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","volume":"22 5","pages":"333-350"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lom3.10610","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140587618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An improved method to quantify bulk carbohydrate in marine planktonic samples","authors":"Ying-Yu Hu,&nbsp;Andrew J. Irwin,&nbsp;Zoe V. Finkel","doi":"10.1002/lom3.10614","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lom3.10614","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The TPTZ (2,4,6-tripyridyl-<i>s</i>-triazine) method is used to detect monosaccharides from seawater and particulate matter samples because it is sensitive, precise, rapid and easy to perform. Contrary to mechanisms proposed in the literature, we provide evidence that the TPTZ method detects hydroxyl as well as aldehyde groups in monosaccharides when all reducing groups are fully deprotonated in alkaline medium. We use this insight to develop an optimized hydrolysis protocol to increase yields from polysaccharides while minimizing the dehydration of monosaccharides. Compared to the TPTZ method with commonly used hydrolysis protocols and the often-used phenol–sulfuric acid method, our new optimized method detects a wider range of carbohydrates with a more consistent yield relative to glucose and much lower coefficient of variation. When applied to phytoplankton cultures and marine particulate samples, our new method achieves significantly higher bulk carbohydrate yields.</p>","PeriodicalId":18145,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","volume":"22 6","pages":"399-415"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lom3.10614","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140322439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpreting biogeochemical processes through the relationship between total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon: Theoretical basis and limitations","authors":"Hang Yin,&nbsp;Lei Jin,&nbsp;Xinping Hu","doi":"10.1002/lom3.10608","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lom3.10608","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The marine carbonate system is influenced by anthropogenic CO₂ uptake, biogeochemical processes, and physical changes that involve freshwater input and removal. Two frequently used parameters to quantify seawater carbonate system are total alkalinity (TA) and total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). To account for the physical changes, both TA and DIC are usually normalized to a reference salinity (i.e., nTA and nDIC), and then the relationship between nTA and nDIC is used to identify major biogeochemical processes that regulate the carbonate system, based on process-specific reaction stoichiometry. However, the theoretical basis of this interpretation has not been holistically examined. In this study, we validated this method under  idealized conditions and discussed the associated assumptions and limitations. Furthermore, we applied this method to interpret field TA and DIC data from a lagoonal estuary in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico. Our results demonstrated that evaluating field data that encompass multiple stations and time periods could be problematic. In addition, various combinations of biogeochemical processes can lead to the same nTA–nDIC relationship, even though the relative importance of each individual process may vary significantly. Therefore, the stoichiometric relationship relying solely on TA and DIC data is not a definitive approach for uncovering dominant biogeochemical processes. Instead, measurements of process-specific parameters are necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":18145,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","volume":"22 5","pages":"311-320"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140128654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A video monitoring and computational system for estimating migratory juvenile fish abundance in river systems","authors":"Meghna N. Marjadi,&nbsp;Sidney Batchelder,&nbsp;Ryan Govostes,&nbsp;Allison H. Roy,&nbsp;John J. Sheppard,&nbsp;Meghan-Grace Slocombe,&nbsp;Joel K. Llopiz","doi":"10.1002/lom3.10607","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lom3.10607","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diadromous fishes migrate between marine and fresh waters for reproduction. For anadromous species, which spawn in freshwater, improved access to freshwater spawning and nursery habitats and ability of juveniles to emigrate to the ocean may support population recovery. Despite the potentially enormous influence of early life stage survival on adult population size, managers and scientists have limited capacity to assess numbers of juvenile anadromous fishes leaving freshwater ecosystems. Such data are critical for evaluating reproductive success and habitat suitability and have been identified as a top priority in anadromous fish research and management. We developed a state-of-the-art underwater video and computational system to collect videos to estimate abundances and migration timing for juvenile river herring (<i>Alosa pseudoharengus</i>; <i>Alosa aestivalis</i>). We collected continuous video in the Monument River (Bourne, Massachusetts, USA) from June to November 2017. We trained three types of neural network models to detect and count fish in video frames and evaluated model performance by comparing human counts to model outputs. Our top model assessed presence and absence (<i>F</i>1 = 87%) and counted fish (counting error 9.4%) with an accuracy comparable to human counters (<i>F</i>1 = 88%). Our system's capability to collect accurate counts of emigrating juveniles will provide critical information that could be related to the numbers of spawning adults, system-specific productivity, and spawning and nursery habitat suitability. Both the video collection system and computational model may be transferrable to other sites and for other species where tracking juvenile emigration may inform management efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":18145,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","volume":"22 5","pages":"295-310"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140128647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}