International Journal of Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Pan-cancer analysis reveals molecular signatures for predicting matrix stiffness in solid tumors.","authors":"Gongyu Tang, Xinyi Liu, Yuanxiang Li, Yunfei Ta, Minsu Cho, Hua Li, Xiaowei Wang","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tumor matrix stiffness plays a critical role in cancer progression, metastasis, and therapy resistance. Although traditional biophysical methods have shed light on the impact of matrix stiffness on tumor behavior, these techniques are confined to measuring the physical properties of the tumors. In this study, we leveraged RNA-seq data to predict tumor matrix stiffness, aiming to reveal mechanical properties by molecular signatures across various cancer types. To this end, we systematically analyzed RNA-seq data from tumors of varying stiffness levels to identify stiffness-associated gene signatures. With these molecular signatures, we developed a computational model for predicting tumor matrix stiffness and further applied it to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Our analysis revealed significant differences in the tumor microenvironment as well as immune response between soft and stiff tumor samples, suggesting that tumor rigidity impacts not only cellular behavior but also characteristics of the tumor microenvironment. These findings underscore the potential of RNA-based stiffness models to enhance our comprehension of tumor mechanics and cancer biology, thereby facilitating the development of innovative targeted therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prognostic value of cell-free DNA dynamics during chemoradiotherapy in squamous cell carcinomas of the anus.","authors":"Anne Vittrup Jakobsen, Camilla Kronborg, Anne Ramlov, Christian Andreas Hvid, Karen-Lise Garm Spindler","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reliable biomarkers for assessing prognosis and monitoring response to chemoradiotherapy (CRT) are lacking in squamous cell carcinomas of the anus (SCCA). Liquid biopsies measuring cell-free DNA (cfDNA) by direct fluorescent assay (DFA) provide a simple, non-invasive approach. This study aims to investigate the prognostic value of cfDNA dynamics during CRT. Blood samples and clinical data were prospectively collected from SCCA patients undergoing CRT. Serum cfDNA levels (ng/μL) were quantified using DFA at baseline, mid-therapy, and end of treatment (EOT). Baseline levels were analyzed in relation to patient characteristics using Mann-Whitney U test and over time with Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Survival was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test. In total, 126 patients were included, with cfDNA measurements at baseline (n = 126), mid-therapy (n = 103) and EOT (n = 108). Median cfDNA levels were 0.78 ng/μL 95% CI (0.72-0.85), 0.62 ng/μL 95% CI (0.56-0.72), and 0.66 ng/μL 95% CI (0.58-0.74), respectively. Baseline cfDNA levels were higher in patients with high-risk disease (T3-T4, N+ or M+) and performance status 1-2 (p < .05), but this did not appear to affect outcomes. cfDNA levels declined from baseline to mid-therapy and EOT (p < .001). A lower percentage decline was observed in non-responders (-9% 95% CI (-24; 33) and -37% 95% CI (-44; -29), p = .002) and treatment failures (-18% 95% CI (-36; 9) and -36% 95% CI (-44; -28), p = .02). Failure to eliminate below the baseline 75th percentile was associated with inferior disease-free survival (HR = 4.23 95% CI (1.50-11.93), p = .003). In conclusion, cfDNA quantification by DFA is feasible in SCCA. Low cfDNA elimination during CRT was associated with poorer outcomes, highlighting the clinical potential of cfDNA dynamics as a prognostic biomarker.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjuvant nivolumab after chemoradiotherapy and resection for patients with esophageal cancer: A real-world matched comparison of overall survival.","authors":"Rob H A Verhoeven, Steven C Kuijper, Marije Slingerland, Bas Wijnhoven, Mark I van Berge Henegouwen, Peter S N van Rossum, Sarah Derks, Bianca Mostert, Nadia Haj Mohammad, Hanneke W M van Laarhoven","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Checkmate-577 trial showed a significant disease-free and a non-significant overall survival benefit for nivolumab compared to placebo in esophageal or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer patients with residual disease after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and resection. Real-world overall survival (OS) data has not yet been presented. The aim of this study was to evaluate OS of patients treated with or without adjuvant nivolumab in a nationwide real-world matched comparison.For this study, patients diagnosed with non-metastatic esophageal or GEJ cancer in 2020-2023 who had residual pathological disease after nCRT and resection were selected from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. 333 patients received treatment with adjuvant nivolumab. From the period before the introduction of nivolumab, 486 patients were selected who received nCRT and resection alone. Propensity score trimming and nearest neighbor matching were used to create two well-balanced groups of 311 patients per treatment group. Median follow-up time was 24.4 months and 31.4 months for patients treated with and without adjuvant nivolumab, respectively. The 2-year OS was 66.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 61.6%-72.44%) and 58.8% (95% CI: 53.5%-64.5%) for the groups with and without nivolumab, respectively (log-rank p = 0.024), hazard ratio: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.60-0.97 (p = 0.024). In conclusion, this matched real-world study showed an OS in favor of patients treated with nivolumab compared to patients without nivolumab. This represents the first report on a real-world OS benefit in this setting. As follow-up and the number of events are still limited, these analyses should be interpreted with caution and updated in the forthcoming years.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma in French Guiana (1990-2019): Epidemiology, clinical features, and HTLV-1 genetic diversity in the two main ethnic populations.","authors":"Jill-Léa Ramassamy, Patricia Tortevoye, Balthazar Ntab, Gabriel Carles, Jean-Pierre Droz, Pierre Couppié, Giovanni Begliomini, Jean-Francois Carod, N'detodji-Bill Wankpo, Karim Abdelmoumen, Philippe V Afonso, Olivier Cassar, Antoine Talarmin, Olivier Hermine, Loïc Epelboin, Ambroise Marçais, Antoine Gessain","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a rare and aggressive malignancy caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). French Guiana, located in northeastern South America, is a region of high HTLV-1 endemicity with a multiethnic population. We conducted a comprehensive 30-year study of ATL cases diagnosed between 1990 and 2019, capturing nearly all confirmed ATL cases in the territory (n = 137). The predominant subtypes were lymphoma (58%) and acute ATL (36%). Striking ethnic disparities emerged: 69% of patients were Maroons, and the median age at diagnosis was 43 years among Maroons versus 58 years among Creoles. Survival outcomes were uniformly poor, with median overall survival of 2.7 months for acute and 5.2 months for lymphoma ATL. In multivariate analysis, acute ATL subtype and hepatosplenomegaly at diagnosis were independently associated with worse survival. Complete HTLV-1 genome sequences were obtained for seven ATL cases, and phylogenetic analysis of complete genomes revealed strong ethnic clustering: all Creole strains belonged to the Transcontinental subtype, while all Maroon strains belonged to the West African subtype. Moreover, HTLV-1 seroprevalence in the general population was measured among 1078 Creoles tested in 1998, with a prevalence of 3.1%, markedly lower and occurring at older ages compared to previously published data for the Maroon population. Our findings highlight pronounced disparities in ATL epidemiology by ethnic group and emphasize the need for targeted prevention, early diagnosis, and improved care in high-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The diagnostic potential of urinary volatile organic compounds for colorectal neoplasia in Lynch syndrome-A prospective longitudinal study.","authors":"Elsa L S A van Liere, Dewkoemar Ramsoekh, Trenton K Stewart, Emma Daulton, Maarten A J M Jacobs, Evelien Dekker, Sofie Bosch, James A Covington, Tim G J de Meij, Nanne K H de Boer","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer (CRC) rates and colonoscopy burden are considerable in Lynch syndrome. Urinary volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have shown promise as a patient-friendly alternative to faecal biomarkers for colorectal neoplasia detection. To evaluate the potential of urinary VOCs to guide optimal colonoscopy intervals in Lynch syndrome, we performed an exploratory prospective longitudinal study in urine collected by individuals with Lynch syndrome before and after colonoscopy. VOC patterns were analysed by field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) and gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) followed by machine learning algorithms. Gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysed the abundance of individual VOCs. Among 98 included individuals (median 51y, 58% female), 34 had relevant neoplasia at colonoscopy, including 28 non-advanced adenomas, 3 advanced adenomas, 2 CRCs, and 1 advanced serrated lesion. For GC-IMS, the respective sensitivity and negative predictive value for relevant neoplasia were 65% and 79% (70% specificity); for FAIMS, 74% and 75% (42% specificity). VOC patterns differed before and after polypectomy (AUC 0.84), while after polypectomy they resembled those of individuals without neoplasia (AUC 0.52). Non-advanced adenoma presence was associated with increased urinary abundance of decanoic acid (fatty acid). Diagnostic accuracy of urinary VOC patterns for relevant neoplasia was influenced by sample size and external confounders and was lower than for faecal VOC patterns among 50 individuals who had also collected faeces. Urinary VOCs hold promise as non-invasive biomarkers for postponing colonoscopy and for follow-up after polypectomy in Lynch syndrome, though large validation studies are needed that also assess stability and accuracy compared to faecal VOCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment addressing the 2025 Zero Draft: A global call for HPV elimination.","authors":"Bar Levy, Nitsan Schwarz, Zohar Magen, Zvi Vaknin, Yakir Segev, Joel M Palefsky, Anna R Giuliano","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70174","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145090732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor-infiltrating B cells participate in shaping the immunosuppressive microenvironment in solid tumors.","authors":"Zhitong Li, Ziyang Shen, Yuxiang Sun, Pengcheng Zhu, Tongyan Liu, Rong Yin","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tumor-infiltrating B cells (TIBs) exhibit dual roles in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of solid tumors. While they can enhance anti-tumor immunity through antibody production and immune activation, certain subsets-such as regulatory B cells (Bregs) and immunosuppressive plasma cells-contribute to immune evasion by secreting inhibitory factors. In this review, we analyze TIB heterogeneity, with a particular focus on their differentiation pathways, including the distinct roles of germinal center (GC) and extrafollicular (EF) responses in immune regulation. We further summarize the diverse functions of TIBs in tumor immunity, exploring their metabolic adaptations and defects in antibody maturation. A deeper understanding of TIB biology and their underlying mechanisms may pave the way for more precise and effective immunotherapeutic strategies against cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145090718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of cytokines in ovarian cancer drug resistance.","authors":"Lu Wang, Yunxia Zang, Rebeka Dejenie, Junyuan Bing, Shixia Dong, Yanfei Zhang, Yi Zhu, Jingjing Li","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death among women diagnosed with female reproductive system cancers. While significant advances have been made in treating various types of cancer, progress in ovarian cancer treatment over the past 20 years has been minimal, and the treatment course of ovarian cancer is not linear. Although many patients initially respond to treatment and may experience tumor regression, 80% of patients relapse after one or multiple chemotherapy sessions. Cytokines play a crucial role in driving tumor progression, relapse, and drug resistance in ovarian cancer. The knowledge of ovarian cancer drug resistance and the function of cytokines in the development of tumor resistance is currently the subject of numerous relevant studies; meanwhile, the specific molecular pathways are being unearthed. Herein, we summarize the recent advancements in cytokine-associated ovarian cancer drug resistance. In addition, we also present the cytokine targeting drugs in ameliorating ovarian cancer drug resistance. As multi-effect factors, cytokines can induce multiple pathways to promote tumor progression and overcome extremely complex and heterogeneous living environments. From the perspective of various paths of cytokine function, the emergence of multi-target drugs might be more promising for conquering ovarian cancer chemotherapy drug resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145084757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral cancer risk stratification: A cross-sectional population-based screening study in Northeast India.","authors":"Kunal Oswal, Satirtha Barman, Alexandar R Kerr, Murad Zaman, Jnyanashree Patowary, Debasis D Barali, Nipam Barman, Ashok Das, Umakant Nadkar, Rajesh Dikshit, Jennifer E Gallagher, Mark W Lingen, Richard Muwonge, Philip E Castle, Li C Cheung, Kelly J Yu, Anil K Chaturvedi, Arnie Purushotham","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We conducted a cross-sectional oral cancer screening study in Northeast India to develop and validate an oral precancer/cancer risk prediction model. We compared epidemiologic profiles between tobacco pouch keratosis and oral precancer/cancer. During 2018-2022, we recruited 14,749 participants who underwent an interviewer-administered questionnaire and oral examination (visual inspection and autofluorescence). Logistic regression was used to compare risk factors between tobacco pouch keratosis and precancer/cancer and risk model development for prevalent lesions (keratosis and oral precancer/cancer, combined). Model validation was conducted internally and externally (Kerala oral cancer screening trial). Among the 14,749 participants, as per dentists' diagnosis, 1365 lesions were identified. These included 249 benign lesions (prevalence = 1.6%), 795 tobacco pouch keratosis (prevalence = 5.4%), and 321 precancers/cancers (prevalence = 2.2%). Agreement between dentists and health workers was high for visual diagnosis of prevalent lesions (keratotic/precancer/cancer; positive-agreement = 87.5%; kappa = 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.75-0.78). Risk factor profiles were similar between tobacco pouch keratosis and oral precancer/cancer. The risk prediction model (based on age, sex, education, income, chewing duration, chewing type, smoking duration and intensity, alcohol duration and intensity) had good discrimination (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.83) and calibration (E/O ratio = 1.00) internally. Further, 30% of individuals at the highest model-predicted risk accounted for 81.8% of prevalent lesions. However, in external validation, the risk model had modest discrimination (AUC = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.66-0.68) and poor calibration (E/O ratio = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.50-0.54). Our results suggest tobacco pouch keratosis as an early carcinogenic event amenable for behavioral interception. Poor transportability of our risk model reflects the need for prediction models that account for geographic differences in risk factors within regions in India.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145090723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world comparison of cabozantinib and sunitinib in advanced non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma: A multicenter study by the Turkish Oncology Group.","authors":"Gökhan Şahin, Esmanur Kaplan Tüzün, Halil G Güzel, Murad Guliyev, Ahmet K Dişli, Melike Yazıcı, Oğuzhan Yıldız, Tuğçe K Güneş, Süleyman Alkan, Emir G Kahraman, Gamze Serin Özel, Mehmet C İçli, Elif Şahin, Harun Muğlu, Caner Acar, Salih Tunbekici, Haydar Ç Yüksel, Hakan Yücel, Burcu Ulaş Kahya, Sait Kitaplı, Mahmut Büyükşimşek, Şüheda A İpek, Pınar E Dama, Ekin Akyıldız Usta, Mesut Yılmaz, Esra Aşık, Faruk R Özalp, Mehmet G Savsar, Erkam Kocaaslan, Saadet Sim, Ahmet B Ağaoğlu, Elif Sertesen Çamöz, Teyfik Demir, Galip C Uyar, Atila Yıldırım, Havva Y Çınkır, Derya Kıvrak Salim, Gamze Gököz Doğu, Özkan Alan, Ertuğrul Bayram, Cengiz Karaçin, Zeynep G Güç, Ferhat Ekinci, Melek Karakurt Eryılmaz, Hüseyin S Semiz, Olçun Ü Ünal, Sema Sezgin Göksu, Banu Öztürk, Mevlüde İnanç, Kazım Uygun, İlhan Hacıbekiroğlu, Vehbi Erçolak, İsmail O Kara, Ozan Yazıcı, Ahmet Bilici, Özgür Tanrıverdi, Burçak Karaca, Mustafa Erman, Erhan Gökmen, Erdem Göker, Hasan Çağrı Yıldırım","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC) comprises a heterogeneous group of malignancies with limited prospective data and no established first-line standard. We conducted a multicenter retrospective study across 29 centers in Turkey, including patients with advanced or metastatic nccRCC treated with first-line cabozantinib or sunitinib between 2015 and 2025. Among 268 patients (sunitinib, n = 198; cabozantinib, n = 70), baseline characteristics were balanced. Cabozantinib was associated with significantly longer median progression-free survival (PFS) compared to sunitinib (9.2 vs. 6.6 months; HR: 0.66; p = .027), while overall survival (OS) was similar (18.6 vs. 17.2 months; p = .566). Objective response rate (ORR) was higher with cabozantinib (38.6% vs. 26.3%; p = .052). Multivariate analyses identified ECOG performance status ≥2, IMDC risk category, sarcomatoid differentiation, and chromophobe histology as independent prognostic factors for OS. Predictors of PFS included IMDC risk, sarcomatoid features, nephrectomy status, and histologic subtype. These findings suggest that cabozantinib may offer improved disease control over sunitinib in this diverse patient population and provide valuable real-world insights for therapeutic decision-making in the absence of prospective randomized data.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145084759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}