International Journal of Cancer最新文献

{"title":"A noninvasive multianalytical approach establishment for risk assessment and gastric cancer screening","authors":"Xiao-Han Fan,&nbsp;Yang Zhang,&nbsp;Pei Wang,&nbsp;Qian-Qian Song,&nbsp;Mona Wang,&nbsp;Raquel Mejias-Luque,&nbsp;Zhe-Xuan Li,&nbsp;Tong Zhou,&nbsp;Jing-Ying Zhang,&nbsp;Wei-Dong Liu,&nbsp;Lan-Fu Zhang,&nbsp;Wen-Qing Li,&nbsp;Wei-Cheng You,&nbsp;Markus Gerhard,&nbsp;Yu-Chen Jiao,&nbsp;Xiao-Bing Wang,&nbsp;Kai-Feng Pan","doi":"10.1002/ijc.34739","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijc.34739","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Effective screening and early detection are critical to improve the prognosis of gastric cancer (GC). Our study aims to explore noninvasive multianalytical biomarkers and construct integrative models for preliminary risk assessment and GC detection. Whole genomewide methylation marker discovery was conducted with CpG tandems target amplification (CTTA) in cfDNA from large asymptomatic screening participants in a high-risk area of GC. The methylation and mutation candidates were validated simultaneously using one plasma from patients at various gastric lesion stages by multiplex profiling with Mutation Capsule Plus (MCP). <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> specific antibodies were detected with a recomLine assay. Integrated models were constructed and validated by the combination of multianalytical biomarkers. A total of 146 and 120 novel methylation markers were found in CpG islands and promoter regions across the genome with CTTA. The methylation markers together with the candidate mutations were validated with MCP and used to establish a 133-methylation-marker panel for risk assessment of suspicious precancerous lesions and GC cases and a 49-methylation-marker panel as well as a 144-amplicon-mutation panel for GC detection. An integrated model comprising both methylation and specific antibody panels performed better for risk assessment than a traditional model (AUC, 0.83 and 0.63, <i>P</i> &lt; .001). A second model for GC detection integrating methylation and mutation panels also outperformed the traditional model (AUC, 0.82 and 0.68, <i>P</i> = .005). Our study established methylation, mutation and <i>H. pylori</i>-specific antibody panels and constructed two integrated models for risk assessment and GC screening. Our findings provide new insights for a more precise GC screening strategy in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":"154 6","pages":"1111-1123"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41230935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the impact of patient-specific clinical features on osimertinib effectiveness in a real-world cohort of patients with EGFR mutated non-small cell lung cancer","authors":"Ard van Veelen,&nbsp;G. D. Marijn Veerman,&nbsp;Marjon V. Verschueren,&nbsp;Judith L. Gulikers,&nbsp;Christi M. J. Steendam,&nbsp;Anita J. W. M. Brouns,&nbsp;Safiye Dursun,&nbsp;Marthe S. Paats,&nbsp;Vivianne C. G. Tjan-Heijnen,&nbsp;Cor van der Leest,&nbsp;Anne-Marie C. Dingemans,&nbsp;Ron H. J. Mathijssen,&nbsp;Ewoudt M. W. van de Garde,&nbsp;Patrick Souverein,&nbsp;Johanna H. M. Driessen,&nbsp;Lizza E. L. Hendriks,&nbsp;Robin M. J. M. van Geel,&nbsp;Sander Croes","doi":"10.1002/ijc.34742","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijc.34742","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Osimertinib is prescribed to patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and a sensitizing <i>EGFR</i> mutation. Limited data exists on the impact of patient characteristics or osimertinib exposure on effectiveness outcomes. This was a Dutch, multicenter cohort study. Eligible patients were ≥18 years, with metastatic <i>EGFR</i>m<i>+</i> NSCLC, receiving osimertinib. Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and safety. Kaplan-Meier analyses and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were performed. In total, 294 patients were included. Primary <i>EGFR</i>-mutations were mainly exon 19 deletions (54%) and p.L858R point mutations (30%). Osimertinib was given in first-line (40%), second-line (46%) or beyond (14%), with median PFS 14.4 (95% CI: 9.4-19.3), 13.9 (95% CI: 11.3-16.1) and 8.7 months (95% CI: 4.6-12.7), respectively. Patients with low BMI (&lt;20.0 kg/m²) had significantly shorter PFS/OS compared to all other subgroups. Patients with a high plasma trough concentration in steady state (C_min,SS; &gt;271 ng/mL) had shorter PFS compared to a low C_min,SS (&lt;163 ng/mL; aHR 2.29; 95% CI: 1.13-4.63). A significant longer PFS was seen in females (aHR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.45-0.82) and patients with the exon 19 deletion (aHR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.36-0.92). A trend towards longer PFS was seen for <i>TP53</i> wild-type patients, while age did not impact PFS. Patients with a primary <i>EGFR</i> exon 19 deletion had longer PFS, while a low BMI, male sex and a high C_min,SS were indicative for shorter PFS and/or OS. Age was not associated with effectiveness outcomes of osimertinib.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":"154 2","pages":"332-342"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ijc.34742","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41230938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of aflatoxin with gallbladder cancer in a case-control study nested within a Chinese cohort","authors":"Jill Koshiol,&nbsp;Bin Zhu,&nbsp;Renwei Wang,&nbsp;Allan Hildesheim,&nbsp;Yu-Tang Gao,&nbsp;Patricia A. Egner,&nbsp;Jian-Min Yuan,&nbsp;John D. Groopman","doi":"10.1002/ijc.34755","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijc.34755","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We evaluated whether aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) exposure was associated with later risk of developing gallbladder cancer (GBC). We measured AFB₁-lysine albumin adducts in baseline samples from the Shanghai Cohort Study of 18 244 men aged 45 to 64 years (recruited 1986-1989). We included 84 GBC cases with sufficient serum and 168 controls matched on age at sample collection, date of blood draw and residence. We calculated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for detectable vs non-detectable AFB₁-lysine albumin adducts and gallbladder cancer. AFB₁-lysine albumin adducts were detected in 50.0% of GBC cases, and risk of GBC was twice as high in those with detectable vs undetectable levels (OR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.0-3.9). ORs ranged from 1.8 (95% CI = 0.75-4.3) for 0.5 to &lt;1.75 pg/mg vs undetectable adduct levels to 2.2 (95% CI = 0.91-5.6) for &gt;3.36 pg/mg vs undetectable, suggesting a dose-response (<i>P</i>_trend = .05). When restricted to cases diagnosed before the median time to diagnosis after blood draw (18.4 years), results were similar (OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 0.80-5.8) to those for the entire follow-up duration. The OR was 9.4 (95% CI = 1.7-51.1) for individuals with detectable AFB₁-lysine albumin adducts and self-reported gallstones compared to individuals with neither. Participants with detectable AFB₁-lysine albumin adducts at baseline had increased risk of developing GBC, replicating the previously observed association between AFB₁ exposure and providing the first evidence of temporality.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":"154 5","pages":"801-806"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41230936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic and predictive impact of metastatic organ involvement on maintenance therapy in advanced metastatic colorectal cancer: Subgroup analysis of patients treated within the PanaMa trial (AIO KRK 0212)","authors":"Greta Sommerhäuser,&nbsp;Meinolf Karthaus,&nbsp;Annika Kurreck,&nbsp;Alexej Ballhausen,&nbsp;Johanna W. Meyer-Knees,&nbsp;Stefan Fruehauf,&nbsp;Ullrich Graeven,&nbsp;Lothar Mueller,&nbsp;Alexander O. Koenig,&nbsp;Ludwig Fischer V. Weikersthal,&nbsp;Eray Goekkurt,&nbsp;Siegfried Haas,&nbsp;Arndt Stahler,&nbsp;Volker Heinemann,&nbsp;Swantje Held,&nbsp;Annabel H. S. Alig,&nbsp;Stefan Kasper-Virchow,&nbsp;Sebastian Stintzing,&nbsp;Tanja Trarbach,&nbsp;Dominik P. Modest","doi":"10.1002/ijc.34760","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijc.34760","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite molecular selection, patients (pts) with <i>RAS</i> wildtype mCRC represent a heterogeneous population including diversity in metastatic spread. We investigated metastatic patterns for their prognostic and predictive impact on maintenance therapy with 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid ± panitumumab. The study population was stratified according to (1) number of involved metastatic sites (single vs multiple organ metastasis), liver-limited disease vs (2) liver metastasis plus one additional site, and (3) vs liver metastasis plus ≥two additional sites. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regressions were used to correlate efficacy endpoints. Single organ metastasis was observed in 133 pts (53.6%) with 102 pts (41.1%) presenting with liver-limited disease, while multiple organ metastases were reported in 114 pts (46.0). Multiple compared to single organ metastases were associated with less favorable PFS (HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.13-1.93; <i>P</i> = .004) and OS (HR 1.37, 95% CI 0.98-1.93; <i>P</i> = .068) of maintenance therapy. While metastatic spread involving one additional extrahepatic site was not associated with clearly impaired survival compared to liver-limited disease, pts with liver metastasis plus ≥two additional sites demonstrated less favorable PFS (HR 1.92, 95% CI 1.30-2.83; <i>P</i> &lt; .001), and OS (HR 2.38, 95% CI 1.51-3.76; <i>P</i> &lt; .001) of maintenance therapy. Pmab-containing maintenance therapy appeared active in both pts with multiple (HR 0.58; 95% CI, 0.39-0.86; <i>P</i> = .006) as well as to a lesser numerical extent in pts with single organ metastasis (HR 0.83; 95% CI, 0.57-1.21; <i>P</i> = .332; Interaction <i>P</i> = .183). These data may support clinical decisions when EGFR-based maintenance therapy is considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":"154 5","pages":"863-872"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ijc.34760","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41230939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world treatment patterns for palbociclib plus an aromatase inhibitor, or an aromatase inhibitor alone, for patients with metastatic breast cancer in the Flatiron Database","authors":"Hope S. Rugo,&nbsp;Xianchen Liu,&nbsp;Benjamin Li,&nbsp;Lynn McRoy,&nbsp;Connie Chen,&nbsp;Rachel M. Layman,&nbsp;Adam Brufsky","doi":"10.1002/ijc.34748","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijc.34748","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There are limited real-world comparative effectiveness data for palbociclib plus an aromatase inhibitor (AI) as a first-line (1L) treatment examining endpoints that require long term follow-up and post 1L progression. The Flatiron Health Analytic Database was used to characterize treatment and dosing patterns in patients with hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor 2-negative (HR+/HER2−) metastatic breast cancer (mBC) receiving palbociclib plus an AI vs an AI alone in routine US clinical practice. In addition, time to chemotherapy (TTC) and real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS) when combining 1L and second-line of therapy (rwPFS2) were assessed. Of 1324 patients who received palbociclib plus an AI between February 3, 2015 and March 31, 2020, 1110 (83.8%) started palbociclib at the recommended 125 mg/day dose. After stabilized inverse probability treatment-weighting (sIPTW), median TTC in patients treated with palbociclib plus an AI and AI alone was 37.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 33.7-40.7) and 29.2 months (95% CI, 26.8-33.5), respectively (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.77 [95% CI, 0.69-0.86], <i>P</i> &lt; .0001); median rwPFS2 was 32.6 months (95% CI, 29.4-35.2) and 20.7 months (95% CI, 18.9-22.6), respectively (HR = 0.62 [95% CI, 0.54-0.70], <i>P</i> &lt; .0001). Sensitivity analyses with propensity score matching showed similar results to sIPTW analyses. Results from this large real-world study examining additional effectiveness outcomes beyond 1L rwPFS and overall survival support the use of palbociclib plus an AI as a 1L treatment for patients with HR+/HER2− mBC.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":"154 4","pages":"701-711"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ijc.34748","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41186527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do age at diagnosis, tumour thickness and tumour site explain sex differences in melanoma survival? A causal mediation analysis using cancer registry data","authors":"Nina Afshar,&nbsp;S. Ghazaleh Dashti,&nbsp;Victoria Mar,&nbsp;Luc te Marvelde,&nbsp;Sue Evans,&nbsp;Roger L. Milne,&nbsp;Dallas R. English","doi":"10.1002/ijc.34752","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijc.34752","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Women diagnosed with melanoma have better survival than men, but little is known about potential intervention targets to reduce this survival gap by sex. We conducted a population-based study using Victorian Cancer Registry data including 5833 women and 6780 men aged 15 to 70 years when diagnosed with first primary melanoma between 2007 and 2015. Deaths to the end of 2020 were identified through linkage to the Victorian and national death registries. We estimated the effect of age at diagnosis, tumour thickness and tumour site on reducing the melanoma-specific survival gap by sex (ie, interventional indirect effects [IIEs]) on risk difference (RD) scale. Compared to women, there were 211 (95% CI: 145-278) additional deaths per 10 000 in men within 5 years following diagnosis. We estimated that 44% of this gap would be reduced by a hypothetical intervention shifting the distribution of melanoma thickness in men to be the same as that observed for women (IIE_thickness RD 93 [95% CI: 75-118] per 10 000) and 20% by an intervention on tumour site (head and neck/trunk vs upper limb/lower limb; IIE_site RD 42 [95% CI: 15-72] per 10 000), while an intervention on age at diagnosis would have a negligible effect. Tumour thickness, tumour site and age at diagnosis mediated 65% of the effect of sex on 5-year melanoma survival in Victoria. Of these factors, tumour thickness had the most considerable mediating effect, suggesting that effective promotion of earlier detection of melanoma in men could potentially nearly halve the gap in melanoma-specific survival by sex.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":"154 5","pages":"793-800"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ijc.34752","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41186606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma management: From heterogeneous biology to treatment options","authors":"Nathaniel R. Wilson,&nbsp;Yusuf Acikgoz,&nbsp;Elshad Hasanov","doi":"10.1002/ijc.34756","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijc.34756","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC) makes up nearly one quarter of all RCC subtypes, commonly impacts younger patients, and is often metastatic at presentation. Compared to clear-cell RCC (ccRCC), nccRCC typically has a worse prognosis in the metastatic setting, with overall survival durations that are ~10 months shorter. The nccRCC consists of a wide range of different histological subtypes, the majority of which are composed of papillary, chromophobe, renal medullary carcinoma, translocation RCC, collecting duct carcinoma and unclassified RCC. Most clinical trials have either excluded or only included small numbers of patients with nccRCC; owing to the lack of prospective studies focusing on this population, data on response rates and survival outcomes are lacking. NccRCC treatment is a nascent field with various therapeutic modalities and combinations under investigation, often based on data extrapolated from therapeutic studies in ccRCC. We herein review the use and outcomes of cytotoxic chemotherapy, various combination modalities of tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors, and targeted agents. We discuss active ongoing clinical trials for patients with nccRCC and future directions in the treatment of this rare disease. Historically, treatment for nccRCC has been adopted from the standard of care for patients with ccRCC, although these treatments are less effective in the nccRCC population. As we begin to understand the underlying biology of these tumors, clinical trials have been able to slowly accrue and include more patients with various subtypes of nccRCC. There remains much room for improvement in this area of need, but there is hope on the horizon.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":"154 6","pages":"947-961"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41186604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The real-world outcomes of Lutetium-177 PSMA-617 radioligand therapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: Turkish Oncology Group multicenter study","authors":"Elvina Almuradova,&nbsp;Mustafa Seyyar,&nbsp;Hacı Arak,&nbsp;Fatih Tamer,&nbsp;Umut Kefeli,&nbsp;Sinan Koca,&nbsp;Erdem Sen,&nbsp;Tugba Akin Telli,&nbsp;Fatih Karatas,&nbsp;Ivo Gokmen,&nbsp;Nazım Serdar Turhal,&nbsp;Teoman Sakalar,&nbsp;Murat Ayhan,&nbsp;Ferhat Ekinci,&nbsp;Emre Hafizoglu,&nbsp;Seda Kahraman,&nbsp;Oguzhan Kesen,&nbsp;Caglar Unal,&nbsp;Ozkan Alan,&nbsp;Serdar Celik,&nbsp;Emre Yekeduz,&nbsp;Ozgür Omur,&nbsp;Erhan Gokmen","doi":"10.1002/ijc.34749","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijc.34749","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains a challenging condition to treat despite recent advancements. This retrospective study aimed to assess the activity and tolerability of Lutetium-177 (Lu-177) PSMA-617 radioligand therapy (RLT) in mCRPC patients across multiple cancer centers in Turkey. The study included 165 patients who received at least one cycle of Lu-177 PSMA-617 RLT, with the majority having bone metastases and undergone prior treatments. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were assessed before each treatment cycle, and the biochemical response was evaluated in accordance with the Prostate Cancer Work Group 3 Criteria. The PSA decline of ≥50% was classified as a response, while an increase of ≥25% in PSA levels was indicative of progressive disease. Neither response nor progression was considered as stable disease. The Lu-177 PSMA-617 RLT led to a significant PSA response, with 50.6% of patients achieving a &gt;50% decrease in PSA levels. Median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival were 13.5 and 8.2 months, respectively. Patients receiving Lu-177 PSMA-617 RLT in combination with androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs) had a higher OS compared to those receiving Lu-177 PSMA-617 RLT alone (18.2 vs 12.3 months, <i>P</i> = .265). The treatment was generally well-tolerated, with manageable side effects such as anemia and thrombocytopenia. This study provides real-world evidence supporting the effectiveness and safety of Lu-177 PSMA-617 RLT in mCRPC patients, particularly when used in combination with ARPIs. These findings contribute to the growing body of evidence on the potential benefits of PSMA-targeted therapies in advanced prostate cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":"154 4","pages":"692-700"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41186528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits and harms of prostate specific antigen testing according to Australian guidelines","authors":"Michael Caruana,&nbsp;Roman Gulati,&nbsp;Ruth Etzioni,&nbsp;Alexandra Barratt,&nbsp;Bruce K. Armstrong,&nbsp;Karen Chiam,&nbsp;Visalini Nair-Shalliker,&nbsp;Qingwei Luo,&nbsp;Albert Bang,&nbsp;Paul Grogan,&nbsp;David P. Smith,&nbsp;Dianne L. O'Connell,&nbsp;Karen Canfell","doi":"10.1002/ijc.34731","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijc.34731","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Guidelines for prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing in Australia recommend that men at average risk of prostate cancer who have been informed of the benefits and harms, and who decide to undergo regular testing, should be offered testing every 2 years from 50 to 69 years. This study aimed to estimate the benefits and harms of regular testing in this context. We constructed Policy1-Prostate, a discrete event microsimulation platform of the natural history of prostate cancer and prostate cancer survival, and PSA testing patterns and subsequent management in Australia. The model was calibrated to pre-PSA (before 1985) prostate cancer incidence and mortality and validated against incidence and mortality trends from 1985 to 2011 and international trials. The model predictions were concordant with trials and Australian observed incidence and mortality data from 1985 to 2011. Out of 1000 men who choose to test according to the guidelines, 36 [21-41] men will die from prostate cancer and 126 [119-133] men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer, compared with 50 [47-54] and 94 [90-98] men who do not test, respectively. During the 20 years of active PSA testing, 32.3% [25.6%-38.8%] of all PSA-test detected cancers are overdiagnosed cases that is, 30 [21-42] out of 94 [83-107] PSA-test detected cancers. Australian men choosing to test with PSA every two years from 50 to 69 will reduce their risk of ever dying from prostate cancer and incur a risk of overdiagnosis: for every man who avoids dying from prostate cancer, two will be overdiagnosed with prostate cancer between 50 and 69 years of age. Australian men, with health professionals, can use these results to inform decision-making about PSA testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":"154 4","pages":"648-658"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ijc.34731","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41186605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of a single low-dose computed tomography screening for lung cancer: A population-based perspective cohort study in China","authors":"Zhifu Yu,&nbsp;Ping Ni,&nbsp;Huihui Yu,&nbsp;Tingting Zuo,&nbsp;Yunyong Liu,&nbsp;Danbo Wang","doi":"10.1002/ijc.34741","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijc.34741","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The purpose of this perspective cohort study was to evaluate the effectiveness of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening for lung cancer in China. This study was conducted under the China Urban Cancer Screening Program (CanSPUC). The analysis was based on participants aged 40 to 74 years from 2012 to 2019. A total of 255 569 eligible participants were recruited in the study. Among the 58 136 participants at high risk of lung cancer, 20 346 (35.00%) had a single LDCT scan (defined as the screened group) and 37 790 (65.00%) not (defined as the non-screened group). Overall, 1162 participants were diagnosed with lung cancer at median follow-up time of 5.25 years. The screened group had the highest cumulative incidence of lung cancer and the non-screened group had the highest cumulative lung cancer mortality and all-cause cumulative mortality. We performed inverse probability weighting (IPW) to account for potential imbalances, and Cox proportional hazards model to estimate the weighted association between mortality and LDCT scans. After IPW adjusted with baseline characteristics, the lung cancer incidence density was significantly increased (37.0% increase) (HR1.37 [95%CI 1.12-1.69]), lung cancer mortality was decreased (31.0% decrease) (HR0.69 [95%CI 0.49-0.97]), and the all-cause mortality was significantly decreased (23.0% lower) (HR0.77 [95% CI 0.68-0.87]) in the screened group. In summary, a single LDCT for lung cancer screening will reduce the mortality of lung cancer and all-cause mortality in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":"154 4","pages":"659-669"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41186526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}