International Journal of Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Aumolertinib Versus Osimertinib as First-Line Treatment for EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Real-World Multicenter Study","authors":"Jinxia Wang,&nbsp;Ping Qi,&nbsp;Jinhua Li,&nbsp;Na Wang,&nbsp;Caihong Fu,&nbsp;Lixin Liu,&nbsp;Shuping Li,&nbsp;Xiao Li,&nbsp;Xiaoming Hou,&nbsp;Hui Qiao","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70617","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijc.70617","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) improve outcomes in EGFR-mutant NSCLC, optimal selection between these agents remains uncertain. This real-world study compares the efficacy and safety of aumolertinib with those of osimertinib in the first-line treatment setting. We retrospectively analyzed 109 EGFR-mutant (exon 19del/L858R) NSCLC patients treated with first-line aumolertinib (<i>n</i> = 53) or osimertinib (<i>n</i> = 56) across four tertiary hospitals (2016–2023). The primary end points included progression-free survival (PFS) and safety; secondary end points encompassed overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), and predictive biomarker identification through subgroup analyses. Aumolertinib demonstrated superior median PFS compared to osimertinib (34.4 vs. 26.9 months; HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.29–0.92, <i>p</i> = 0.031), with comparable OS (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.27–2.15, <i>p</i> = 0.60). No significant differences emerged in primary lesion ORR (33.96%, 18/53 vs. 42.86%, 24/56) or adverse event (AE) rates (37.7%, 20/53 vs. 39.3%, 22/56). Subgroup analyses confirmed enhanced PFS benefit with aumolertinib in exon 19del-mutant (HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.21–0.87, <i>p</i> = 0.02) and co-mutation-negative (HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.25–1.14, <i>p</i> = 0.08) populations. Subgroup analysis identified age &lt; 65 years (HR 0.46, 95% CI 0.22–0.99, <i>p</i> = 0.046), brain metastases (HR 0.24, 95% CI 0.09–0.66, <i>p</i> = 0.006), and exon 19del status (HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.2–0.89, <i>p</i> = 0.023) as independent PFS predictors. Regarding safety, aumolertinib showed a lower overall incidence of liver dysfunction compared to osimertinib (9.43%, 5/53 vs. 14.29%, 8/56), with Grade ≥ 3 events being rare (1.89%, 1/53). Given that liver function is a critical determinant of prognosis, the manageable hepatic safety profile of aumolertinib supports its long-term clinical utility. Our study demonstrated a clinically meaningful PFS advantage of aumolertinib over osimertinib in treatment-naïve EGFR-mutant NSCLC, particularly for exon 19del-driven and co-mutation-negative disease, while maintaining equivalent safety. These findings provide valuable real-world evidence supporting the use of aumolertinib as a first-line therapy, contributing to the optimization of treatment selection and AE management. While these subgroup-specific results offer hypothesis-generating insights into potential biomarkers for therapeutic individualization, these preliminary findings require further validation in larger, prospective cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":"159 10","pages":"2575-2584"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ijc.70617","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148672860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RETRACTION: MAEL Expression Links Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Stem Cell Properties in Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70739","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concomitant Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and Survival Outcomes in Patients Receiving Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Stage III Colon Cancer.","authors":"Matthew Loft, Vinoja Ganeshanathan, Rachel Wong, Shehara Mendis, Matthew Croxford, Ian T Jones, Grace Gard, Sue-Anne McLachlan, Jeanne Tie, Lucy Gately, Peter Gibbs","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly prescribed in patients with cancer. Prior studies suggest concomitant PPI use may reduce the efficacy of oral capecitabine through impaired absorption, with no interaction expected with intravenous 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Using the Australian Comprehensive Cancer Outcomes and Research Database (ACCORD), we identified patients with Stage III colon cancer diagnosed between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2023. Concomitant PPI use during adjuvant chemotherapy was determined by chart review. We evaluated the prevalence of PPI use with fluoropyrimidine-containing adjuvant therapy and its association with recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). A total of 459 patients were included as follows: 63 (14%) received 5-FU alone, 115 (25%) capecitabine alone, 148 (32%) FOLFOX and 133 (29%) CAPOX. High-risk disease (T4 and/or N2) was present in 203 patients (44%). Overall, 142 patients (31%) received a PPI during adjuvant chemotherapy, with similar rates across treatment groups (p = 0.952). Formal interaction testing did not demonstrate significant heterogeneity of PPI effect across treatment regimens (RFS: LR test p = 0.615; OS: LR test p = 0.143). However, in high-risk patients receiving CAPOX, PPI use was associated with reduced RFS (HR 3.07, 95% CI 1.38-6.84, p = 0.006) and OS (HR 4.11, 95% CI 1.44-11.74, p = 0.008). No impact was observed with capecitabine monotherapy, 5-FU, or FOLFOX. Concomitant PPI use is common in Australian patients with Stage III colon cancer. While formal interaction testing did not reach statistical significance, PPI use was associated with inferior survival outcomes in high-risk patients receiving CAPOX.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149014903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Associations of Oxaliplatin Treatment With Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Colorectal cancer Survivors up to 2 Years Post-Treatment.","authors":"Nadira R Querido, Martijn J L Bours, Liselot Valkenburg-van Iersel, Antoinetta J M Beijers, Stephanie O Breukink, Maryska L G Janssen-Heijnen, Eric T P Keulen, Joop L M Konsten, Judith de Vos-Geelen, Matty P Weijenberg, Colinda C J M Simons","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a potentially long-term consequence of oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC). Oxaliplatin dosing is based on body surface area (BSA), but lean body mass (LBM) may influence susceptibility to long-term CIPN. We examined associations between oxaliplatin treatment and CIPN up to 2 years post-treatment and whether LBM modified these associations. In a prospective cohort, we analysed 106 stage II-III CRC patients treated with adjuvant CAPOX. Data on oxaliplatin treatment were obtained from medical records. CIPN during treatment was graded with the CTCAE, and patient-reported CIPN was assessed by the EORTC QLQ-CIPN20 questionnaire at diagnosis and at 6 weeks and 6, 12, and 24 months post-treatment. LBM was derived from diagnostic CT scans, and sarcopenia was defined using sex-specific skeletal muscle index cut-offs. Longitudinal associations were analysed through confounder-adjusted linear mixed models. Effect modification by LBM and sarcopenia was examined by stratified analyses (median-split) and interaction tests. Higher cumulative oxaliplatin dose (β per 0.5 SD 2.91, 95% CI 1.22-4.59), relative oxaliplatin dose intensity (3.15, 1.2-5.25), and initial dose (2.21, 0.46-3.95) were longitudinally associated with higher CIPN summary scores. Patients with grade 2/3 CIPN had higher post-treatment CIPN scores (5.82; 0.63-11.01) than those with grade 1. Associations were generally stronger in patients with low LBM or sarcopenia, although interaction tests were not statistically significant. In conclusion, higher oxaliplatin exposure and CIPN during treatment were associated with greater long-term CIPN burden. Patients with low LBM or sarcopenia may be particularly vulnerable under current BSA-based dosing.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perioperative Avelumab and Chemotherapy for Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma: Long-Term Survival Outcomes.","authors":"Thierry Alcindor, James Tankel, Pierre-Olivier Fiset, Mehrnoush Dehghani, Nicholas Bertos, Carmen Mueller, Jonathan Cools-Lartigue, Sophie Camilleri-Broet, Lorenzo Ferri","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long-term survival data for patients with locally advanced gastro-esophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) treated with neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy are lacking. We describe the long-term disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) outcomes of such patients treated with a novel neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy regimen, aDCF (avelumab with docetaxel/cisplatin/5-fluorouracil). The 50 patients included in the study were treated with 4 neoadjuvant cycles of aDCF followed by an en-bloc transthoracic resection after which 4 additional adjuvant cycles were planned to be given. An exploratory analysis of patients achieving major pathological response (MPR) was also performed. There were 50 patients included in the survival analysis. Clinical disease burden was high (cT3 44/50, 88%, N+ 31/50, 62%) with 49/50 (98%) completing neoadjuvant aDCF. All patients proceeded to surgery with MPR found in 9/50 (18%) patients. The median follow-up for the cohort was 71.5 months (range 43-105) with an estimated median DFS and OS of 61.0 months (95% CI not met) and 77.0 months (95% CI not met) corresponding to a 5-year DFS and OS of 50.0% and 60.0%. For patients with MPR, 5-year DFS and OS were 100%. There were no new safety signals. We conclude that aDCF is a feasible and novel regimen for patients with locally advanced esophagogastric adenocarcinoma providing durable survival outcomes. These outcomes seem enhanced among patients with MPR.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148981724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Incidence Rates of Anogenital Cancers in Costa Rica, 1996-2022.","authors":"Loretto J Carvajal, Jaimie Z Shing, Juan Carlos Vanegas, Rebeca Ocampo, Emmanuel González, Diego Guillén, Carolina Porras, Rolando Herrero, Alejandro Calderón, Meredith S Shiels, Rachel Slimovitch, Mónica S Sierra, Joel M Palefsky, Cameron Haas, Danping Liu, Aimée R Kreimer, Romain Fantin","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the necessary cause of cervical cancer and responsible for ~90% of anal, 78% of vaginal, 50% of penile, and 25% of vulvar cancers. In Costa Rica (CR), few studies have examined incidence trends of these cancers. We assessed age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) and trends of invasive anogenital cancers. Incidence data were obtained from the CR National Registry of Tumors and population estimates from the National Institute of Statistics and Census. ASIRs (1960-Segi World population) were calculated using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)*Stat, and trends and annual percent changes (APCs) using Joinpoint regression. During 1996-2022, 10,022 invasive anogenital cancer cases were included in the analysis; of which 8122 (81.0%) were cervical. Cervical cancer incidence declined significantly (APC: -3.2%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -3.9, -2.5). Vaginal cancer showed a non-statistically significant increase (APC: 0.8%, 95% CI: -1.6, 4.1), while vulvar and penile cancers presented a non-statistically significant decrease (APC: -0.8, 95% CI: -1.9, 0.4, and -0.8, 95% CI: -2.1, 1.0, respectively). Anal cancer incidence remained stable (APC: 0.2, 95% CI: -0.9, 1.8) and was 1.4 times higher in females than males (5.3 and 3.7 per million, respectively). In males, penile cancer incidence was 3-times higher than anal cancer (10.9 vs. 3.7 per million). Non-cervical anogenital cancers were rare and showed varying trends. Cervical cancer remains a public health concern in CR, requiring stronger prevention. Research on vaccine-covered HPV genotypes and continued surveillance of anogenital cancers are needed to assess prevention impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148965724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"FHL₂ Expression by Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Promotes Metastasis and Angiogenesis in Lung Adenocarcinoma\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70597","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijc.70597","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"1570-1571"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13397200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148248137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneity in Postoperative Survival Benefit Associated With Neoadjuvant Therapy in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Causal Survival Forest Analysis.","authors":"Xuezhong Shi, Wenjing Xu, Yanpeng Wu, Yongli Yang, Nana Wang, Xiaocan Jia","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The treatment effect of neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) may vary across individuals. We aimed to estimate individualized treatment effects (ITEs) to identify patients most likely to benefit from NAT to characterize postoperative benefit stratification. This was a cohort-based study for ITE estimation and treatment benefit prediction. The primary outcomes were 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). We applied causal survival forests (CSF) to estimate ITEs, defined as the potential survival outcome differences under NAT before surgery and surgery alone. Patients were stratified into tertiles based on predicted ITEs. Survival outcomes were descriptively compared between patients whose actual treatment was concordant or discordant with the predicted treatment benefit pattern. A total of 838 patients were included, the predicted ITE ranged from -480 to 312 days for OS and from -435 to 442 days for DFS. Patients were stratified into lower, middle, and upper benefit groups. The C-for-benefit values were 0.532 for OS and 0.544 for DFS, and the AUTOC values were 34.86 and 89.49 days, respectively. IPTW-weighted survival curves showed more favorable OS and DFS among patients whose actual treatment was concordant with the predicted treatment benefit pattern than among those with discordant treatment patterns. Age, tumor size, and clinical N stage were the most influential variables. CSF-based ITE estimation suggested heterogeneity in NAT benefit and may support future individualized treatment research in ESCC, but external validation is needed before clinical implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments on \"Sensitive Period Analysis of Adulthood BMI and Cancer Risk: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis of Over 720,000 Participants in the ABACus 2 Consortium\".","authors":"Gong Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70566","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijc.70566","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"1568-1569"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13397142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148012842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"Geographical and Spatial Disparities in the Incidence and Survival of Rare Cancers in Australia\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70598","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijc.70598","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"1572"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13397141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148248266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}