International Journal of Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Cost-effectiveness of low-dose CT lung cancer screening among individuals that have ever smoked in Norway: A model-based analysis using NELSON trial criteria and outcomes.","authors":"Yancy S Wu, Natalia Kunst, Dávid M Győrbiró, Ivar Sønbø Kristiansen, Trond-Eirik Strand, Olav Toai Duc Nguyen, Ioannis Fotopoulos, Oluf Dimitri Røe, Haseem Ashraf, Emily A Burger","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70270","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijc.70270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clinical trials have shown that low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening reduces lung cancer mortality among selected groups of ever-smokers. Nordic countries have yet to implement lung cancer screening programs in part due to limited evidence on the associated health and economic consequences. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening compared with no screening for Norwegian individuals aged 50-74 years who ever smoked, using the Dutch-Belgian NELSON screening-eligibility criteria and trial outcomes. In addition, we evaluated the potential need and value of additional research to improve decision-making about LDCT screening implementation. We developed a probabilistic simulation model reflecting the Dutch-Belgian NELSON trial outcomes and Norwegian epidemiological, cost, and health-related quality-of-life data to evaluate long-term (discounted) health and economic consequences from an extended healthcare perspective. Model outputs included sex-stratified clinical and economic outcomes. Cost-effectiveness was summarized using incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). Compared with no screening, NELSON-like LDCT screening provided an additional 0.043 quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) per screened man for an additional $1286, yielding an ICER of $30,672 per QALY gained. For women, screening yielded greater health benefits and therefore a lower ICER (i.e., $22,249 per QALY gained), though there was greater uncertainty around health benefits. Additional analyses indicated potential value in collecting further evidence on screening-related outcomes to reduce decision uncertainty, particularly for women. Given Norwegian benchmarks for good value and achieving similar mortality benefits to the NELSON trial, LDCT lung cancer screening for individuals who ever smoked under \"NELSON-like\" criteria may be considered cost-effective for both men and women in Norway.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"2452-2465"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145779763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting HIF as a Promising Approach to Synergize With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.","authors":"Shuai Li, Yi Liu, Xiaoli Liu, Xiao Wang, Wei Li, Meiying Song, Ningjing Fu, Yuanzhen Guo, Zhen Li, Qiang Zhang, Jie Liang, Luoyang Wang, Bei Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In solid tumors, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is upregulated in various cell types within the tumor microenvironment (TME) due to hypoxia. In tumor cells, HIF signaling acts as a primary driver: it triggers metabolic reprogramming toward the Warburg effect and upregulates various angiogenic factors to support adaptation to hypoxia. Meanwhile, it promotes malignant progression by regulating cancer stem cells (CSCs), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. In immune cells, HIF signaling precisely regulates the abundance and function of various immune cell subsets, thereby establishing an immunosuppressive microenvironment that enables tumor cells to evade immune surveillance. Ultimately, HIF signaling in different cell types acts in concert and constitutes a key factor that attenuates the therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Over the decades of the development of HIF inhibitors, the antitumor effects of a large number of these agents have been validated in preclinical studies, with some having entered clinical trials or obtained clinical approval. Although only a small subset of HIF inhibitors has been verified to exert synergistic effects when combined with ICIs in experimental settings, it is undeniable that HIF inhibitors have emerged as a crucial \"reserve force\" for overcoming ICI resistance. Their potential in reshaping the immune microenvironment and enhancing the efficacy of ICIs provides a new direction for the immunotherapy of hypoxic solid tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147758434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse Health Events in Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia Patients Treated With Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors 2009-2019: A Real-World Study From the UK's Haematological Malignancy Research Network.","authors":"Eleanor Kane, Alexandra Smith, Debra Howell, Catherine Cargo, Kate Rothwell, Simone Green, Russell Patmore, Eve Roman","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70518","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Outcomes among patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) improved markedly when tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) were introduced into routine clinical practice around the turn of the century. Nonetheless, adverse events still occur, survival remains suboptimal and the long-term health impact of the disease and its treatment is poorly understood. Using data from an established UK population-based cohort of haematological malignancies, we compared the morbidity of 411 CML patients treated with TKIs 2009-2019 to that of individually age- and sex-matched general population-based controls (n = 4099). Over the course of follow-up (to March 2021, median 5.3, interquartile range 3.0-8.2 years), patients were more likely than controls to die from cardiovascular or respiratory diseases; Hazard Ratios of 1.9, 95% Confidence Interval, 95% CI = 1.2-2.8 and 2.4, 95% CI 1.2-4.9 respectively. Hospital admissions for cardiovascular or respiratory conditions were similarly elevated; HR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.3-1.9; HR = 2.3, 95% CI 1.6-3.4 respectively. The risk of a cardiovascular admission varied over time; being increased in the first year (HR = 2.4, 95% CI 1.5-3.8), and then again 5 years or more after starting TKI therapy (HR = 2.3, 95% CI 1.5-3.6); no increase was evident in the intervening years (HR = 1.1, 95% CI 0.8-1.7). While not related to excess mortality, admissions for infections and gastrointestinal conditions occurred more frequently among cases than controls; the increased risk remaining largely constant over the course of follow-up. In the era of TKIs, these real-world analyses revealed that CML patients are at increased risk of severe cardiovascular events several years after starting treatment, and that admission for infections and gastrointestinal conditions are raised throughout.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147758427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Early Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Adjuvant Chemotherapy With Fluorouracil, Epirubicin, Cyclophosphamide Followed by Docetaxel Versus an Anthracycline-Free Regimen With Docetaxel, Cyclophosphamide-Results From a Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Manuel Hörner, Henning Schäffler, Lothar Häberle, Chloë Goossens, Kerstin Pfister, Elena Leinert, Kristina Veselinovic, Sara Y Brucker, Uwe Köhler, Georg Heinrich, Andreas Schneeweiss, Matthias W Beckmann, Peter A Fasching, Wolfgang Janni, Brigitte Rack, Sabine Heublein, Philipp Ziegler","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) remains an important side effect despite new antiemetic drugs. This study tried to understand the occurrence of CINV in patients receiving two different chemotherapy regimens. As part of the randomized controlled clinical trial SUCCESS C (NCT00847444), 1582 of the 3463 patients completed CINV diaries. Patients were randomized to receive either chemotherapy with FEC (5-fluorouracil, epirubicin, cyclophosphamide followed by docetaxel) or TC (docetaxel, cyclophosphamide). CINV was evaluated hourly using a specially designed questionnaire. Endpoints of the study were complete response (no emesis) and total control (no nausea and no emesis) and were assessed with Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analyses over three chemotherapy cycles. Eight hundred fourteen patients received FEC and 768 received TC; patients and tumor characteristics were similar in both groups. Patients receiving FEC had significantly more nausea and vomiting, with the main difference in the first 12 h. In the first cycle, the 0-12-h nausea/emesis-free rates were 70%/41% for FEC and 91/76% for TC. By 24 h after chemotherapy, the rates were 65%/33% (FEC) and 85%/60% (TC). The differences were similar in cycles 2 and 3. The detailed analysis of CINV in the study is unique and paves the way for modern CINV analysis of new therapeutics such as antibody-drug conjugates.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147758444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indirect Comparison of Neoadjuvant Treatment Strategies for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: ddMVAC and Perioperative Durvalumab-Gemcitabine-Cisplatin Versus Gemcitabine-Cisplatin: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.","authors":"Maurin Helen Mangold, Gloria Baumann, Victoria Luise Simone Wieland, Nicolas Carl, Luisa Vivienne Renner, Alexander Studier-Fischer, Hanna Menold, Stefanie Zschäbitz, Frederik Wessels, Niklas Westhoff, Maurice Stephan Michel, Karl-Friedrich Kowalewski, Caelán Max Haney-Aubert","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70525","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijc.70525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For cisplatin-eligible patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) undergoing radical cystectomy (RC), neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy (NAC) is standard of care. More intensive regimens such as dose-dense methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin (ddMVAC) and chemoimmunotherapy with durvalumab plus gemcitabine-cisplatin (D-GC) have shown superior outcomes. This network meta-analysis (NMA) compares the efficacy of ddMVAC, D-GC and GC and explores the efficacy thresholds for emerging therapy options, such as enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab (EV-P), to surpass current standards. Following PROSPERO registration (CRD420251077606), systematic searches of PubMed, CENTRAL and Web of Science were conducted to March 2025. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing neoadjuvant regimens in cisplatin-eligible MIBC were included. A random-effects NMA was performed. Simulations explored hypothetical hazard ratios (HRs) for EV-P. Three RCTs were included. ddMVAC (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.58-0.98; p = 0.034) and D-GC (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.66-0.85; p < 0.001) improved overall survival (OS) versus GC, without differences between ddMVAC and D-GC (HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.75-1.33; p = 0.97). Both regimens improved progression-free survival. D-GC achieved higher pathological complete response (pCR) versus GC (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.21-2.03; p < 0.001), whereas ddMVAC did not. No significant difference in pCR was found between ddMVAC and D-GC. Simulation-NMA suggested EV-P would need to achieve HR ≤ 0.45 versus GC to outperform ddMVAC and D-GC. Limitations include few trials and indirect comparisons. DdMVAC and D-GC improve survival compared with GC in neoadjuvant MIBC. Alternative therapeutic strategies must demonstrate substantial survival benefits to warrant replacing established neoadjuvant regimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147758397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Outcomes of Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Metastatic Melanoma as Third Line and Beyond.","authors":"Yago Garitaonaindia, Søren Kjær Petersen, Louise M Guldbrandt, Troels H Borch, Christina H Ruhlmann, Rasmus Blechingberg Friis, Adam A Luczak, Lars Bastholt, Henrik Schmidt, Inge Marie Svane, Eva Ellebaek, Marco Donia","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70520","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ijc.70520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nivolumab plus ipilimumab has demonstrated activity after anti-PD-1 failure in advanced melanoma, but its effectiveness in later lines and as rechallenge remains unclear. We aimed to characterize outcomes of nivolumab/ipilimumab administered in the third line or beyond. Using the Danish Metastatic Melanoma Database (DAMMED), we identified patients with metastatic melanoma (excluding uveal melanoma) treated with nivolumab/ipilimumab after at least two prior lines of therapy, including adjuvant treatment, between 2017 and 2024. Baseline characteristics, prior treatments, and clinical outcomes were collected. Seventy-three patients were included (median age 57.8 years), of whom 47.9% had brain metastases. Most had progressed on anti-PD-1-based therapy (93.2%); 32.9% had prior exposure to anti-CTLA-4, and 84.9% had received BRAF/MEK inhibitors. Nivolumab/ipilimumab was administered as third-line therapy in 71.2%. After a median follow-up of 27.6 months, the overall response rate was 23.3% (12.5% with prior anti-CTLA-4 exposure vs. 28.6% without). Median duration of response was 19.4 months (95% CI, 14.5-NR). Median PFS was 2.7 months (95% CI, 2.4-5.7) and median OS was 9.6 months (95% CI, 6.5-20.1). In conclusion, in heavily pretreated melanoma, nivolumab/ipilimumab induces durable responses in a minority of patients, with reduced efficacy after prior anti-CTLA-4 exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147758362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental Health Conditions and Incident Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study of 402,255 UK Biobank Participants.","authors":"Mohammed Sherif Amin, Solange Parra-Soto, Ziyi Zhou, Shinya Nakada, Ike Dhiah Rochmawati, Carlos Celis-Morales, Nancy Meligy, Jill P Pell, Frederick K Ho","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mental health conditions (MHCs) affect both psychological health and biological systems and have also been linked to cancer risk. However, evidence from epidemiological studies regarding this link remains inconsistent. We conducted a population-based prospective cohort study involving 402,255 UK Biobank participants to investigate the associations of five MHCs (depressive disorders [DD], anxiety disorders [AD], bipolar disorder [BD], schizophrenia [SZ] and post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD]) with overall and site-specific cancer risk. Cox proportional hazard models were used, adjusting for sociodemographic, health-related and lifestyle confounders. Over a median follow-up of 13.4 years, 68,065 (17%) incident cancer cases were recorded. DD (HR 1.18; 95% CI 1.13-1.23), AD (HR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.11-1.24) and BD (HR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.11-1.51) were associated with increased overall cancer risk. No significant association was found for SZ and PTSD. The associations of DD (HR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.18-1.35) and BD (HR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.26-1.88) were only significant in men. AD and DD were positively associated with lung, blood and liver cancers, while AD was also associated with prostate cancer. A dose-response relationship was observed between depressive symptom severity and cancer risk. While we cannot assume causality, our finding suggests that diagnoses of MHCs could be useful for cancer risk stratification and prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147758430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HPV-Related Cancers in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Nationwide Danish Cohort Study.","authors":"Signe Timm, Flemming Skjøth, Torben Frøstrup Hansen, Lars Henrik Jensen, Paw Christian Holdgaard, Lars Ulrik Fokdal, Torben Bjerregaard Larsen, Mette Moeller Soerensen","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major cause of several epithelial cancers. Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) are chronically immunosuppressed, but population-based estimates of HPV-related cancer risk across transplanted organs and by sex remain limited. We conducted a nationwide, population-based cohort study including all SOTRs in Denmark from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2023. Information on transplantation and cancer diagnoses was obtained from the Danish National Patient Registry. Each SOTR was matched with five population controls by age, sex, and birth cohort. Incidence rates and hazard ratios (HRs) for HPV-related cancers were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models, and cumulative incidence was calculated using the Aalen-Johansen method. The cohort comprised 6509 SOTRs and 32,545 matched controls, followed for a median of 7.8 years (IQR 3.8-13.1). The 10-year incidence rate of HPV-related cancers was higher among SOTRs than controls (0.10 [95% CI 0.08-0.14] vs. 0.04 [95% CI 0.03-0.05] per 100 person-years). The overall HR for any HPV-related cancer was 2.49 (95% CI 1.74-3.56) and was highest for anogenital cancers (HR 3.29; 95% CI 1.88-5.76). Relative risks were higher among women than men (HR 3.11 [95% CI 1.77-5.46] vs. 2.15 [95% CI 1.35-3.43]), with cumulative incidence indicating earlier onset among women. Solid organ transplant recipients experience a sustained two-to-three-fold increased risk of HPV-related cancers, with pronounced sex-specific differences. These findings provide robust population-level evidence of elevated long-term cancer risk in immunosuppressed individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147758423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome-Based Classification of Resected Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Enhances Prognostic Modelling Accuracy of Overall Survival Following Adjuvant Treatment.","authors":"Marjolein F Lansbergen, Vincent R Lanting, Paul Manoukian, Marc G Besselink, Geert Kazemier, Ignace H J T de Hingh, Mike S L Liem, Casper H J van Eijck, Erwin van der Harst, Vincent E de Meijer, Ronald M van Dam, Martijn W J Stommel, Jan Koster, Michael W T Tanck, Arantza Fariña Sarasqueta, Joanne Verheij, Frederike Dijk, Johanna W Wilmink, Maarten F Bijlsma, Hanneke W M van Laarhoven","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, patient outcomes after resection remain highly variable. Prognostic models are often inaccurate. Our study aimed to improve survival prediction by adding transcriptome-based classification to a validated prognostic model and applying it on a multicenter real-world cohort of fresh-frozen resection materials. RNA was sequenced if tumor cellularity was > 30%. The samples were classified using transcriptome-based classification. Survival differences between transcriptome-based subtypes were studied in patients treated with and without adjuvant chemotherapy. 25.6% of the patients received neoadjuvant treatment (NAT). Samples of 461 patients were collected, of which 118 samples underwent RNA sequencing. Of those, 39.0% had a basal-like subtype and 61.0% had a classical subtype. The basal-like subtype became dominant after NAT (63.3%, p = 0.004). Patients with a classical tumor survived longer than those with a basal-like tumor (median overall survival [OS]: 22.8 vs. 11.4 months; p < 0.001, in patients receiving adjuvant gemcitabine, and 10.7 vs. 5.4 months; p = 0.082, in patients without adjuvant treatment). In multivariable Cox regression, the classical subtype significantly associated with increased survival (hazard ratio = 0.38; p = 0.002) and adding transcriptome-based subtyping significantly improved the prognostic model (p = 0.002). Subtype and adjuvant treatment independently significantly associated with OS. Transcriptome-based subtyping significantly adds to clinical variables in survival prediction after surgery. The independent associations for subtype and adjuvant treatment with OS indicate that subtypes are prognostic, but not predictive for OS with adjuvant treatment. The provided prognostic information could potentially support treatment decisions and serve as stratification factor.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147758451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Cancer Immunotherapy Thromboembolism Assessment: A Novel Score for Predicting Thromboembolic Events in Melanoma Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibition.","authors":"Tim Zell, Julian Kött, Noah Zimmermann, Greta Ancker, Alexander T Bauer, Daniel J Smit, Glenn Geidel, Julian C Gerwers, Thomas Renné, Sebastian A Wohlfeil, Jochen Utikal, Stefan W Schneider, Christoffer Gebhardt","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Venous and arterial thromboembolic events (TEEs) represent a substantial threat for melanoma patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) and have a significant impact on quality of life, therapy outcome, and survival. Existing risk assessment models for predicting TEE risk have been developed for other patient collectives and show poor performance in melanoma patients treated with ICI. In this cohort analysis, 358 AJCC stage III/IV melanoma patients treated with ICI between April 2013 and July 2024 at the University Skin Cancer Center Hamburg and the University Medical Center Mannheim were included. TEEs were recorded and classified as thrombosis including vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, stroke, or transient ischemic attack. Clinical and laboratory data were determined before the start and prospectively during the treatment. We identified elevated serum baseline D-Dimer (p = 0.0098) and elevated C-reactive protein (p = 0.0042) concentrations and measurable tumor burden (p = 0.0039) as main risk factors for the occurrence of TEE. For the final model, points were assigned for the Cancer Immunotherapy Thromboembolism Assessment (CITA) according to the impact of those variables using multiple logistic regression. The score was calculated for each patient. For the high-risk group, the negative predictive value (NPV) was 97.2%; sensitivity and specificity were 83.3% and 62%, respectively. The CITA risk score provides a simple and easily calculated risk assessment tool for stratifying melanoma patients based on their risk for TEE after ICI initiation, but prospective validation is needed before clinical use can be recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147758409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}