Legal and Criminological Psychology最新文献

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18022,"journal":{"name":"Legal and Criminological Psychology","volume":"31 1","pages":"138-157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148077153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and future directions in studying sequencing as a debiasing strategy in forensic psychological assessment: A commentary on Kukucka and Quigley-McBride (2025)","authors":"Verena Oberlader, Bruno Verschuere","doi":"10.1111/lcrp.12314","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lcrp.12314","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 1979, Kahneman and Tversky showed that human information processing is subject to bias. They identified a number of factors, such as the order in which information is presented, that systematically lead people to make decisions that are not rational. In 2020, an international group of researchers tested <i>N</i> = 4099 participants from 19 countries and 13 languages and found that 94% of Kahneman and Tversky's (<span>1979</span>) findings were replicated (Ruggeri et al., <span>2020</span>). This makes the evidence for human susceptibility to bias one of the most replicated findings in psychology, and one in urgent need of remedy.</p><p>Intuitively, the most effective way to avoid being biased by certain information is to not have that information. This technique is called masking (or blinding) and inspired the debiasing approach <i>Linear Sequencing Unmasking-Expanded</i> (LSU-E, Dror & Kukucka, <span>2021</span>). The LSU-E approach is based on empirically verified principles and has been applied to several forensic sciences, including the detection of deep-fake images (Casu et al., <span>2024</span>) or the identification of victims (Dahal et al., <span>2022</span>). Against this background, LSU-E is a promising approach for reducing bias in forensic psychological assessments. In an initial study, we tested whether a core factor, that is the sequencing of case information, was effective in reducing bias in criminal risk assessment as an exemplary area of forensic psychological assessment (Oberlader & Verschuere, <span>2024a</span>).</p><p>In their commentary on our article ‘Bias is persistent: Sequencing case information does not protect against contextual bias in criminal risk assessment’ (Oberlader & Verschuere, <span>2024a</span>), Kukucka and Quigley-McBride (<span>2025</span>) critically assessed the validity of our study. The authors warned that our results and interpretations may give an overly pessimistic picture of the effectiveness of the debiasing approach LSU-E (Dror & Kukucka, <span>2021</span>). Here, we first address what we consider to be their main criticisms of our study and then suggest future avenues for investigating the effectiveness of this promising debiasing method.</p><p>In a preregistered experimental study with 308 informed lay participants, we investigated whether the presentation of irrelevant case information biases criminal risk assessment based on an actuarial-empirical risk assessment tool. We supposed that participants' criminal risk assessment in a fictitious case would be closer to the result of an actuarial-empirical risk assessment tool, and thus less biased, if they were given only relevant case information than if they were additionally given irrelevant case information. Case information was defined as relevant if it was necessary for the application of the actuarial-empirical risk assessment tool, and as irrelevant if it was not.</p><p>Critically, we also tested whether this bias c","PeriodicalId":18022,"journal":{"name":"Legal and Criminological Psychology","volume":"30 2","pages":"188-192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/lcrp.12314","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth mindset results in reduced trait attribution and more rehabilitative judicial decisions in cases of juvenile delinquency","authors":"Ning Li,&nbsp;Shuting Yang,&nbsp;Xiaomin Sun,&nbsp;Ning Chu,&nbsp;Zhihong Qiao,&nbsp;Qinglin Zhang","doi":"10.1111/lcrp.12302","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lcrp.12302","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>With the framework of the mindset theory and previous findings in adult criminal justice, this research explores how growth mindset—the belief that personal traits are malleable—affects judicial decision-making in juvenile justice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aim to examine the hypotheses that laypeople with growth mindset tend to endorse more rehabilitative motivations and decisions (H1) through reduced trait attribution (H2).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We measured (Study 1) and experimentally manipulated (Study 2) growth mindset to test H1 and H2 with samples of laypeople. Studies 3A and 3B used data from professional judges and prosecutors in China to test the generalizability. Study 4 replicated the measures from Studies 3A and 3B with a laypeople sample to facilitate cross-sample comparisons.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Studies 1 and 2 provide correlational and causal evidence, respectively, supporting both H1 and H2. However, Studies 3A and 3B did not yield significant results among judicial experts. Study 4 re-confirmed the hypotheses in lay participants. Judges with juvenile case experience showed a weaker association between growth mindset and probation decisions compared to their less specialized peers and laypeople. A similar pattern emerged among prosecutors, though the findings were not statistically significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current research highlights growth mindset as a key belief driving public support for rehabilitative approaches in juvenile justice. Specialized judicial expertise appears to mitigate this association, suggesting a nuanced interaction between lay beliefs and judicial specialization.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Growth mindset of laypeople results in their reduced trait attribution and more rehabilitative judicial decisions in cases of juvenile delinquency.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18022,"journal":{"name":"Legal and Criminological Psychology","volume":"30 2","pages":"244-267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of parental attachment and early maladaptive schemas in juvenile boy offenders in Turkiye; A case–control study","authors":"Serdar Karatoprak,&nbsp;Abdulbaki Akyildiz,&nbsp;Gulsum Ozturk Emiral,&nbsp;Emrah Emiral,&nbsp;Yunus Emre Dönmez","doi":"10.1111/lcrp.70003","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lcrp.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early maladaptive schemas (EMS) and parental attachment may play a role in juvenile offending. Identifying these factors could contribute to both the prevention of juvenile offending and the rehabilitation of juvenile offenders. The current study aimed to evaluate the associations between juvenile offending, EMS and parental attachment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixty-nine adolescents convicted of various offences, and 73 non-offending adolescents were assessed using a sociodemographic data form, the Young Schema Questionnaire and the Short Form of the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Juvenile offenders scored significantly higher in the schema domains of enmeshment/dependence, abandonment, failure, vulnerability to harm, defectiveness and self-sacrifice compared with controls. No statistically significant difference was found between the groups regarding parental attachment. However, a negative correlation was found between parental attachment and early maladaptive schema domains.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings suggest that EMS may play an important role in juvenile offending. Schema-focused therapy and family-based interventions may represent promising approaches for the assessment and prevention of juvenile delinquency.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18022,"journal":{"name":"Legal and Criminological Psychology","volume":"30 2","pages":"349-363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing recidivism among female inmates in drug-related cases in Thailand: Self-compassion, antisocial personality, guilt, and hope","authors":"Chanakida Thummanond,&nbsp;Nattakarn Jantharasiriphut","doi":"10.1111/lcrp.12309","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lcrp.12309","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigates the causal relationships between self-compassion, antisocial personality, guilt, and hope, and their influence on repeat offending among female inmates involved in drug-related cases in Thailand.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The sample comprised 646 Thai female inmates aged between 28 and 52 years from five correctional institutions in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region. Instruments included the Self-Compassion Scale, the Antisocial Personality Scale, the Guilt Scale, the Hope Scale, and the Recidivism Tendency Scale.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The causal relationship analysis reveals that self-compassion directly influences guilt (<i>β</i> = −0.303, <i>p</i> &lt; .05), but does not directly impact hope or recidivism. Antisocial personality has a direct influence on guilt (<i>β</i> = −0.828, <i>p</i> &lt; .001) and hope (<i>β</i> = −0.723, <i>p</i> &lt; .001), and indirectly influences repeat offending with hope acting as a mediator variable (<i>β</i> = 0.414). Guilt directly influences recidivism (<i>β</i> = −0.541, <i>p</i> &lt; .05), as does hope (<i>β</i> = −0.573, <i>p</i> &lt; .001). Among the six hypotheses tested, only one was supported by the research findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion and Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings indicate that there are additional variables, not examined in this study, that could have a causal relationship influencing recidivism and warrant further investigation. Future research should emphasize the specific social and cultural contexts that impact data analysis. The results suggest that to reduce recidivism, it is important to focus on reducing impulsive and antisocial personality traits, promoting hope and guilt awareness, and fostering self-compassion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18022,"journal":{"name":"Legal and Criminological Psychology","volume":"30 2","pages":"298-315"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the use of receiver operating characteristic area under the curve in eyewitness memory research","authors":"Paul Riesthuis,&nbsp;Henry Otgaar","doi":"10.1111/lcrp.12300","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lcrp.12300","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eyewitness memory research has reformed police practices and policy and is sometimes relied upon in legal proceedings. Due to the practical implications derived from this research, it is imperative to evaluate how practical recommendations are postulated. To assess the practical relevance of research, effect sizes and their interpretation play a pivotal role.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We examined how the frequently used effect size Area Under the Curve (AUC) obtained via Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves are used and interpreted in eyewitness memory research. We identified 157 eyewitness memory related articles that conducted ROC curve analyses resulting in 1580 AUCs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Approximately 90% of the AUCs were only interpreted via statistical significance. The majority of studies did not report 95%CIs for their AUCs. Finally, power analyses were frequently not conducted or not reproducible.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To improve the practical inferences of eyewitness memory research, we recommend establishing a smallest effect size of interest, focusing on 95%CIs, and conducting reproducible power analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18022,"journal":{"name":"Legal and Criminological Psychology","volume":"30 2","pages":"212-230"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/lcrp.12300","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interrogation questions to native and non-native eyewitnesses: The role of witness credibility","authors":"Arman Raver,&nbsp;Torun Lindholm,&nbsp;Sofie Liljestrand Hassoun,&nbsp;Charlotte Alm","doi":"10.1111/lcrp.12301","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lcrp.12301","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examined how the language of eyewitnesses (native vs. non-native) and their perceived credibility influence the interrogation questions posed to them.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a previous study (Raver et al., <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>, 2023, 14, 1240822), participants, assuming the role of interrogators, watched either a native or non-native speaking eyewitness testify and were then asked to formulate interrogation questions to gather more information, as well as rate the witness’s credibility. In the present study, a new set of participants (<i>N</i> = 207) evaluated a subset of these interrogation questions in terms of (1) how leading they were, (2) whether the interrogator cast doubt on something the witness had said and (3) how open-ended they were. The moderating role of witnesses’ perceived credibility on question framing was also examined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results showed no main effect of language (native vs. non-native) on any question type. For native speakers, lower (vs. higher) credibility led to more expressions of doubt. For non-native speakers, credibility levels (high vs. low) had no effect on question framing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings highlight complex patterns in interrogation questioning that vary by witness language and perceived credibility, revealing a critical area for further exploration to mitigate potential cross-linguistic biases. We discuss the study’s limitations and advocate for future research in diverse legal contexts to ensure fairness and uphold the integrity of witness testimonies across languages.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18022,"journal":{"name":"Legal and Criminological Psychology","volume":"30 2","pages":"231-243"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/lcrp.12301","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the benefits of sequencing case information to combat bias: A commentary on Oberlader and Verschuere (2025)","authors":"Jeff Kukucka,&nbsp;Adele Quigley-McBride","doi":"10.1111/lcrp.12308","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lcrp.12308","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18022,"journal":{"name":"Legal and Criminological Psychology","volume":"30 2","pages":"185-187"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The self-administered interview does not impair identification but distorts its confidence","authors":"Hiroshi Miura,&nbsp;Kayo Matsuo","doi":"10.1111/lcrp.12311","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lcrp.12311","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The self-administered interview© (SAI©) is a tool used to effectively collect eyewitness information. It has been shown that conducting the SAI immediately after a witnessed event facilitates later recall. However, the effects of the SAI on subsequent identification remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated whether the SAI affects subsequent identification when a lineup is involved.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After 164 undergraduate participants watched a mock crime video, those in the SAI condition described the recalled objects and aspects of the video using the SAI. Meanwhile, in the control condition, participants did not describe the recalled objects or aspects but wrote about what they had learned in regular psychology classes. Afterwards, the participants made identifications and answered a few questions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results showed that conducting the SAI did not alter the subsequent identification rates in the lineup, but the metacognition for description—participants' thoughts on how the description task affected identification—was more positive in the SAI condition than in the control condition. Moreover, when participants made a false identification in the target-present lineup, their confidence in the SAI condition was greater than that in the control condition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results suggest that the SAI can be used for witnesses with the potential to make identifications later because it does not interrupt identification itself. However, the confidence levels in identifications made by eyewitnesses answering questions in the SAI should be carefully assessed. This is because the SAI may distort the metacognition for description and increase false confidence levels in the identifications made by eyewitnesses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18022,"journal":{"name":"Legal and Criminological Psychology","volume":"30 2","pages":"326-334"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Damned if you don't: Public perceptions of polygraph testing and suspect willingness to be tested","authors":"Bryan Barnes,&nbsp;Bryan Myers,&nbsp;Rachel Klainer,&nbsp;Kori Meyer","doi":"10.1111/lcrp.12310","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lcrp.12310","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Information about whether an individual volunteered to take or refused to take a polygraph test may become public knowledge, and in some instances, becomes known to jurors. While numerous studies have investigated how the public regards polygraph test accuracy, little is known about public perceptions surrounding refusal or willingness to take a polygraph test in cases where an individual's veracity is questioned.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An online survey of 302 individuals assessed beliefs about the accuracy of polygraph tests and trust in denials of guilt in hypothetical cases where a polygraph test was: (1) refused, (2) voluntarily taken with no results, (3) voluntarily taken and passed and (4) voluntarily taken and failed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, the average rating of polygraph accuracy in detecting deception was 71%, and 67% for detecting truthfulness. The findings also indicate that suspect willingness to take a polygraph test significantly increases trust in their denial of guilt, while refusal to take the test is perceived similarly to a failed test. Despite scepticism about the accuracy of polygraph tests, willingness or refusal to take the test impacts whether the suspect is trusted by others.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For courts in which polygraph test evidence is inadmissible, jurors should not be informed about whether the defendant or any witness offered or refused a polygraph test because they are likely to judge truthfulness based on this information.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18022,"journal":{"name":"Legal and Criminological Psychology","volume":"30 2","pages":"316-325"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/lcrp.12310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}