Laboratory Animals最新文献_第6页

Heterogeneity of animal experiments and how to deal with it. 动物实验的异质性及应对方法。

IF 1.3 4区农林科学

Laboratory Animals Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1177/00236772241260173

Bernhard Voelkl, Hanno Würbel

{"title":"Heterogeneity of animal experiments and how to deal with it.","authors":"Bernhard Voelkl, Hanno Würbel","doi":"10.1177/00236772241260173","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00236772241260173","url":null,"abstract":"Heterogeneity of study samples is ubiquitous in animal experiments. Here, we discuss the different options of how to deal with heterogeneity in the statistical analysis of a single experiment. Specifically, data from different sub-groups (e.g. sex, strain, age cohorts) may be analysed separately, heterogenization factors may be ignored and data pooled for analysis, or heterogenization factors may be included as additional variables in the statistical model. The cost of ignoring a heterogenization factor is an inflated estimate of the variance and a consequent loss of statistical power. Therefore, it is usually preferable to include the heterogenization factor in the statistical model, especially if the heterogenization factor has been introduced intentionally (e.g. using both sexes). If heterogenization factors are included, they can be treated either as fixed factors in an analysis of variance design or sometimes as random effects in mixed effects regression models. Finally, for an appropriate sample size estimation, it is necessary to decide whether to treat heterogenization factors as nuisance variables, or whether the experiment should be powered to be able to detect not only the main effect of the treatment but also interactions between heterogenization factors and the treatment variable.","PeriodicalId":18013,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animals","volume":" ","pages":"493-497"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incorporating sources of correlation between outcomes: An introduction to mixed models. 纳入结果之间的相关性来源：混合模型简介。

IF 1.3 4区农林科学

Laboratory Animals Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1177/00236772241259518

Limeng Liu, Ashley Petersen

{"title":"Incorporating sources of correlation between outcomes: An introduction to mixed models.","authors":"Limeng Liu, Ashley Petersen","doi":"10.1177/00236772241259518","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00236772241259518","url":null,"abstract":"Animal research often involves measuring the outcomes of interest multiple times on the same animal, whether over time or for different exposures. These repeated outcomes measured on the same animal are correlated due to animal-specific characteristics. While this repeated measures data can address more complex research questions than single-outcome data, the statistical analysis must take into account the study design resulting in correlated outcomes, which violate the independence assumption of standard statistical methods (e.g. a two-sample t-test, linear regression). When standard statistical methods are incorrectly used to analyze correlated outcome data, the statistical inference (i.e. confidence intervals and p-values) will be incorrect, with some settings leading to null findings too often and others producing statistically significant findings despite no support for this in the data. Instead, researchers can leverage approaches designed specifically for correlated outcomes. In this article, we discuss common study designs that lead to correlated outcome data, motivate the intuition about the impact of improperly analyzing correlated outcomes using methods for independent data, and introduce approaches that properly leverage correlated outcome data.","PeriodicalId":18013,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animals","volume":" ","pages":"463-469"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142290374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Causal mediation analysis: How to avoid fooling yourself that X causes Y. 因果中介分析：如何避免自欺欺人地认为 X 会导致 Y。

IF 1.3 4区农林科学

Laboratory Animals Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-11 DOI: 10.1177/00236772231217777

Stanley E Lazic

引用次数: 0

Simulation methodologies to determine statistical power in laboratory animal research studies. 确定实验动物研究统计能力的模拟方法。

IF 1.3 4区农林科学

Laboratory Animals Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1177/00236772241273002

Angela Jeffers, Kathryn Konrad, Gary Larson, Katherine Allen-Moyer, Helen Cunny, Keith Shockley

引用次数: 0

Jacketed telemetry in rats: a novel non-invasive method for cardiorespiratory phenotyping during treadmill exercise. 大鼠夹套遥测：跑步机运动中心肺表型的新型无创方法。

IF 1.3 4区农林科学

Laboratory Animals Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1177/00236772241259857

Stéphane Tanguy, Agathe Cambier, Leandro Fontana-Pires, Timothé Flenet, Charles Eynard, Julie Fontecave-Jalon, Pierre-Yves Gumery, François Boucher

{"title":"Jacketed telemetry in rats: a novel non-invasive method for cardiorespiratory phenotyping during treadmill exercise.","authors":"Stéphane Tanguy, Agathe Cambier, Leandro Fontana-Pires, Timothé Flenet, Charles Eynard, Julie Fontecave-Jalon, Pierre-Yves Gumery, François Boucher","doi":"10.1177/00236772241259857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00236772241259857","url":null,"abstract":"The development of alternative methods for monitoring cardiorespiratory function without restraint or surgical implantation is attracting growing interest for both ethical and scientific reasons. For this purpose, a new non-invasive jacketed telemetry tool consisting in a radio device maintained in a jacket worn by the animal was previously developed to improve cardiorespiratory monitoring. It allows simultaneous monitoring of cardiac activity by surface electrocardiagram, respiratory function by respiratory inductive plethysmography, and locomotor activity by accelerometry. However, this tool has only been validated under conditions of low/intermediate activity levels or in anesthetized animals. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using this system in the challenging conditions of an exertion protocol. Male Wistar rats (n = 10, 8-9 weeks old) were subjected to an incremental treadmill exercise protocol including speed levels from 5 to 40 cm s-1 separated by 30-s breaks. Heart rate (HR) and minute ventilation (assessed by minute volume; MV) were continuously monitored. At the end of each running level and during the 30-s breaks, HR and MV showed a significant increase compared to resting values. They returned to the baseline within 60 min of post-exercise recovery. Overall, our results demonstrated (i) the ability of the animal to run while wearing the device and (ii) the ability of the device to reliably monitor cardiorespiratory adaptation to treadmill exercise despite significant mechanical disturbances. In conclusion, this study highlights the possibility of non-invasively monitoring cardiorespiratory functional variables that were previously unattainable under conditions of high activity in freely moving animals.","PeriodicalId":18013,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animals","volume":" ","pages":"236772241259857"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Murine astrovirus (MuAstV) infection in mouse facilities in Brazil: First South American report 巴西小鼠设施中的鼠星状病毒（MuAstV）感染：南美首份报告

IF 2.4 4区农林科学

Laboratory Animals Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1177/00236772241257132

Marcia S C Oliveira, Tatiana X Castro, Camila F Baez, Simone Ramos, Gabriel R Azevedo, Carolina M de Castro, Ana Clara SS de Paula, Laura MB Levy, Emanuelle da S do Nascimento, Rafael B Varella

引用次数: 0

Non-invasive acquisition of vital data in anesthetized rats using laser and radar application 利用激光和雷达应用无创采集麻醉大鼠的生命数据

IF 2.4 4区农林科学

Laboratory Animals Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1177/00236772241265541

Toshiaki Kawabe, Shota Kita, Isao Ohmura, Ryuji Michino, Hidenori Watanabe, Guanghao Sun, Seiya Inoue

{"title":"Non-invasive acquisition of vital data in anesthetized rats using laser and radar application","authors":"Toshiaki Kawabe, Shota Kita, Isao Ohmura, Ryuji Michino, Hidenori Watanabe, Guanghao Sun, Seiya Inoue","doi":"10.1177/00236772241265541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00236772241265541","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to verify the possibility of obtaining vital sign information using a laser and radar sensor in a manner that is non-invasive and painless for test animals. A dataset was obtained from respiratory movement of anaesthetized male F344 rats, signals of laser and radar sensors were recorded simultaneously with vital data acquired with an integrated multiple-channel intraoperative monitor. In addition, respiratory movements were also video recorded, and used as reference data of respiration rate (RR; ref-RR). Reference data for heart rate (HR; ref-HR) were obtained from the R wave of electrocardiogram data for each epoch. Signals recorded from the radar sensor (I- and Q-signals) were input to a computer, and HR (radar-HR) and RR (radar-RR) were estimated using the frequency analysis method. Among the six positions where respiratory movements were measured by the laser sensor, the number of peak counts matched the visual counts of respiratory movements in the video records. The respiratory movements were significantly the greatest over the most caudal rib in the dorsal ( p < 0.001). The average radar-RR and ref-RR values showed correspondence (ref-RR, 69 ± 6.2 breaths/min; radar-RR, 68 ± 5.7 breaths/min ( p = 0.04–1.00); equivalence ratio, 86%). The radar-HR data showed slight variability; however, there was 80% homology compared with the ref-HR values (ref-HR, 336 ± 19.6 beats/min; radar-HR, 348 ± 34.1 ( p = 0.10–0.95)). Although comparison of the data under noradrenaline administration failed to track drug-induced changes in some cases, the HR and RR data of anesthetized rats measured from the radar sensor system showed comparable accuracy to other conventional methods.","PeriodicalId":18013,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animals","volume":"133 1","pages":"236772241265541"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Facility design and management. Strategies for high level biocontainment. 设施设计和管理。高水平生物隔离战略。

IF 1.3 4区农林科学

Laboratory Animals Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1177/00236772241247104

Mike Dennis, Michael Charlton, Samantha Elam, Sarah Wolfensohn

{"title":"Facility design and management. Strategies for high level biocontainment.","authors":"Mike Dennis, Michael Charlton, Samantha Elam, Sarah Wolfensohn","doi":"10.1177/00236772241247104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00236772241247104","url":null,"abstract":"UK Health Security Agency is required to investigate the pathogenesis of emerging or re-emerging infections and to test novel interventions, such as vaccines and therapeutics against these and other diseases, such as tuberculosis and Ebola, that have a significant impact on human health world-wide. Research into the causative agents (mainly BSL 3 and 4) using a wide range of animal species as pre-clinical models brings a number of challenges in terms of effective biocontainment to address human safety whilst optimising delivery of scientific objectives and the welfare of the animals. Here we describe the strategies used for high containment of species that include mice, ferrets, hamsters, rabbits and macaques that have been infected with high consequence pathogens. To ensure relevance of these models we frequently challenge by the aerosol route and monitor the development of disease and protective or therapeutic efficacy by methodologies similar to those used in the clinic. We have devised methods of sampling that can inform on pathogenesis and immune function that include lung lavage and medical imaging such as computed tomography and positron emission tomography-computed tomography. Imaging assists our assessment of progression to disease whilst providing refinement in application of early humane endpoints. We have developed directional flow containment systems that provide quantifiable operator protection whilst allowing group housing and a wide range of enrichment strategies appropriate for each species. Furthermore, we have demonstrated our improvements in animal welfare through use of a software-based Animal Welfare Assessment Grid that was developed with help of NC3Rs funding and enables us to quantify the lifetime experience of animals.","PeriodicalId":18013,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animals","volume":" ","pages":"236772241247104"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

LAS Around the Globe - United States of America. 全球各地的 LAS - 美国。

IF 1.3 4区农林科学

Laboratory Animals Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.1177/00236772231225896

Jennie Lofgren, Kelly Metcalf-Pate

引用次数: 0

Lethal Gram-negative sepsis in healthy pigs during anaesthesia with contaminated propofol. 健康猪在使用受污染的异丙酚进行麻醉期间发生致命的革兰氏阴性败血症。

IF 1.3 4区农林科学

Laboratory Animals Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.1177/00236772231200524

Marit G Maaland, Marianne Oropeza-Moe, Silje K Nes, Frode Myrland, Cecilie Ersdal, Nils P Oveland

引用次数: 0