Learning & memory最新文献_第9页

Male and female impairments in odor span are observed in a rat model of PTSD. 在创伤后应激障碍大鼠模型中观察到雄性和雌性大鼠在嗅觉跨度方面存在障碍。

IF 2 4区医学

Learning & memory Pub Date : 2022-12-21 Print Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053620.122

Colleen E McGonigle, Christopher C Lapish, Marian L Logrip

{"title":"Male and female impairments in odor span are observed in a rat model of PTSD.","authors":"Colleen E McGonigle, Christopher C Lapish, Marian L Logrip","doi":"10.1101/lm.053620.122","DOIUrl":"10.1101/lm.053620.122","url":null,"abstract":"Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with neural and behavioral alterations in response to trauma exposure, including working memory impairments. Rodent models of PTSD have not fully investigated chronic or reactive working memory deficits, despite clinical relevance. The present study uses footshock to induce a posttraumatic stress state in male and female rats and evaluates the effect of footshock and trauma-paired odor cues on working memory performance in the odor span task. Results demonstrate the emergence of chronic deficits in working memory among animals exposed to footshock by 3 wk after traumatic stress. The presentation of a trauma-paired odor cue was associated with further decrement in working memory performance for male animals. Furthermore, anxiety-like behaviors associated with the PTSD-like phenotype could predict the degree of working memory impairment in response to the trauma-paired odor cue. This study enhances validation of an existing rodent model of PTSD through replication of the clinical observations of working memory deficits associated with PTSD and provides novel insight into effects in female rodents. This will facilitate work to probe underlying mechanistic dysregulation of working memory following footshock trauma exposure and future development of novel treatment strategies.","PeriodicalId":18003,"journal":{"name":"Learning & memory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9872191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9196969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discriminating goal-directed and habitual cocaine seeking in rats using a novel outcome devaluation procedure. 用一种新的结果贬值程序在大鼠中区分目标导向和习惯性可卡因寻求。

IF 2 4区医学

Learning & memory Pub Date : 2022-12-05 Print Date: 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053621.122

Bradley O Jones, Adelis M Cruz, Tabitha H Kim, Haley F Spencer, Rachel J Smith

{"title":"Discriminating goal-directed and habitual cocaine seeking in rats using a novel outcome devaluation procedure.","authors":"Bradley O Jones, Adelis M Cruz, Tabitha H Kim, Haley F Spencer, Rachel J Smith","doi":"10.1101/lm.053621.122","DOIUrl":"10.1101/lm.053621.122","url":null,"abstract":"Habits are theorized to play a key role in compulsive cocaine seeking, yet there is limited methodology for assessing habitual responding for intravenous (IV) cocaine. We developed a novel outcome devaluation procedure to discriminate goal-directed from habitual responding in cocaine-seeking rats. This procedure elicits devaluation temporarily and requires no additional training, allowing repeated testing at different time points. After training male rats to self-administer IV cocaine, we devalued the drug outcome via experimenter-administered IV cocaine (a \"satiety\" procedure) prior to a 10-min extinction test. Many rats were sensitive to outcome devaluation, a hallmark of goal-directed responding. These animals reduced responding when given a dose of experimenter-administered cocaine that matched or exceeded satiety levels during self-administration. However, other rats were insensitive to experimenter-administered cocaine, suggesting their responding was habitual. Importantly, reinforcement schedules and neural manipulations that produce goal-directed responding (i.e., ratio schedules or dorsolateral striatum lesions) caused sensitivity to outcome devaluation, whereas reinforcement schedules and neural manipulations that produce habitual responding (i.e., interval schedules or dorsomedial striatum lesions) caused insensitivity. Satiety-based outcome devaluation is an innovative new tool to dissect the neural and behavioral mechanisms underlying IV cocaine-seeking behavior.","PeriodicalId":18003,"journal":{"name":"Learning & memory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9749853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10116017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Reward does not modulate forgetting in free recall tests. 在自由回忆测试中，奖励不能调节遗忘。

IF 2 4区医学

Learning & memory Pub Date : 2022-11-29 Print Date: 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053631.122

Robin Hellerstedt, Deborah Talmi

引用次数: 1

Defective synaptic plasticity in a model of Coffin-Lowry syndrome is rescued by simultaneously targeting PKA and MAPK pathways. Coffin-Lowry综合征模型中突触可塑性缺陷通过同时靶向PKA和MAPK途径得以挽救。

IF 2 4区医学

Learning & memory Pub Date : 2022-11-29 Print Date: 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053625.122

Rong-Yu Liu, Yili Zhang, Paul Smolen, Leonard J Cleary, John H Byrne

{"title":"Defective synaptic plasticity in a model of Coffin-Lowry syndrome is rescued by simultaneously targeting PKA and MAPK pathways.","authors":"Rong-Yu Liu, Yili Zhang, Paul Smolen, Leonard J Cleary, John H Byrne","doi":"10.1101/lm.053625.122","DOIUrl":"10.1101/lm.053625.122","url":null,"abstract":"Empirical and computational methods were combined to examine whether individual or dual-drug treatments can restore the deficit in long-term synaptic facilitation (LTF) of the Aplysia sensorimotor synapse observed in a cellular model of Coffin-Lowry syndrome (CLS). The model was produced by pharmacological inhibition of p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) activity. In this model, coapplication of an activator of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) isoform ERK and an activator of protein kinase A (PKA) resulted in enhanced phosphorylation of RSK and enhanced LTF to a greater extent than either drug alone and also greater than their additive effects, which is termed synergism. The extent of synergism appeared to depend on another MAPK isoform, p38 MAPK. Inhibition of p38 MAPK facilitated serotonin (5-HT)-induced RSK phosphorylation, indicating that p38 MAPK inhibits activation of RSK. Inhibition of p38 MAPK combined with activation of PKA synergistically activated both ERK and RSK. Our results suggest that cellular models of disorders that affect synaptic plasticity and learning, such as CLS, may constitute a useful strategy to identify candidate drug combinations, and that combining computational models with empirical tests of model predictions can help explain synergism of drug combinations.","PeriodicalId":18003,"journal":{"name":"Learning & memory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9749851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10479611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reward-motivated memories influence new learning across development. 奖励动机的记忆会影响整个发展过程中的新学习。

IF 1.8 4区医学

Learning & memory Pub Date : 2022-10-17 Print Date: 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053595.122

Alexandra O Cohen, Camille V Phaneuf, Gail M Rosenbaum, Morgan M Glover, Kristen N Avallone, Xinxu Shen, Catherine A Hartley

{"title":"Reward-motivated memories influence new learning across development.","authors":"Alexandra O Cohen, Camille V Phaneuf, Gail M Rosenbaum, Morgan M Glover, Kristen N Avallone, Xinxu Shen, Catherine A Hartley","doi":"10.1101/lm.053595.122","DOIUrl":"10.1101/lm.053595.122","url":null,"abstract":"Previously rewarding experiences can influence choices in new situations. Past work has demonstrated that existing reward associations can either help or hinder future behaviors and that there is substantial individual variability in the transfer of value across contexts. Developmental changes in reward sensitivity may also modulate the impact of prior reward associations on later goal-directed behavior. The current study aimed to characterize how reward associations formed in the past affected learning in the present from childhood to adulthood. Participants completed a reinforcement learning paradigm using high- and low-reward stimuli from a task completed 24 h earlier, as well as novel stimuli, as choice options. We found that prior high-reward associations impeded learning across all ages. We then assessed how individual differences in the prioritization of high- versus low-reward associations in memory impacted new learning. Greater high-reward memory prioritization was associated with worse learning performance for previously high-reward relative to low-reward stimuli across age. Adolescents also showed impeded early learning regardless of individual differences in high-reward memory prioritization. Detrimental effects of previous reward on choice behavior did not persist beyond learning. These findings indicate that prior reward associations proactively interfere with future learning from childhood to adulthood and that individual differences in reward-related memory prioritization influence new learning across age.","PeriodicalId":18003,"journal":{"name":"Learning & memory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9578374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10543551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The socially enriched environment test: a new approach to evaluate social behavior in a mouse model of social anxiety disorder. 社交丰富环境测试：在社交焦虑症小鼠模型中评估社交行为的一种新方法。

IF 2 4区医学

Learning & memory Pub Date : 2022-10-17 Print Date: 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053627.122

Zineb Boudjafad, Asmae Lguensat, Kenza Elmardadi, Asma Dahi, Mohamed Bennis, Saadia Ba-M'hamed, René Garcia

{"title":"The socially enriched environment test: a new approach to evaluate social behavior in a mouse model of social anxiety disorder.","authors":"Zineb Boudjafad, Asmae Lguensat, Kenza Elmardadi, Asma Dahi, Mohamed Bennis, Saadia Ba-M'hamed, René Garcia","doi":"10.1101/lm.053627.122","DOIUrl":"10.1101/lm.053627.122","url":null,"abstract":"Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a common anxiety disorder characterized by a marked fear of social situations. Treatments for SAD, including exposure therapy and medication, are not satisfactory for all patients. This has led to the development of several paradigms to study social fear in rodents. However, there are still some social impairments observed in SAD patients that have never been examined in rodent models. Indeed, social situations avoided by SAD patients include not only social interactions but also public performances and being observed by others. Nevertheless, tests used to assess sociability in rodents evaluate mostly social interaction in pairs. Thus, we developed a new test-a socially enriched environment test-that evaluates sociability within a group of three unfamiliar conspecifics in an enriched environment. In this study, we induced a SAD-like behavior (i.e., social fear) in male mice using social fear conditioning (SFC) and then tested social fear using the socially enriched environment test and the three-chamber test. Finally, we tested the effects of fear extinction and acute diazepam treatment in reversing social fear. Results revealed, in conditioned mice, decreased object exploration in proximity to conspecifics, social interaction, and mouse-like object exploration. Extinction training, but not acute diazepam treatment, reversed SFC-induced behavioral changes. These findings demonstrate that the socially enriched environment test provides an appropriate behavioral approach to better understand the etiology of SAD. This test may also have important implications in the exploration of new treatments.","PeriodicalId":18003,"journal":{"name":"Learning & memory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9578375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40395892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Targeted memory reactivation during sleep can induce forgetting of overlapping memories. 睡眠中有针对性的记忆再激活可以诱发重叠记忆的遗忘。

IF 2 4区医学

Learning & memory Pub Date : 2022-10-17 Print Date: 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053594.122

Bárður H Joensen, Marcus O Harrington, Sam C Berens, Scott A Cairney, M Gareth Gaskell, Aidan J Horner

{"title":"Targeted memory reactivation during sleep can induce forgetting of overlapping memories.","authors":"Bárður H Joensen, Marcus O Harrington, Sam C Berens, Scott A Cairney, M Gareth Gaskell, Aidan J Horner","doi":"10.1101/lm.053594.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.053594.122","url":null,"abstract":"Memory reactivation during sleep can shape new memories into a long-term form. Reactivation of memories can be induced via the delivery of auditory cues during sleep. Although this targeted memory reactivation (TMR) approach can strengthen newly acquired memories, research has tended to focus on single associative memories. It is less clear how TMR affects retention for overlapping associative memories. This is critical, given that repeated retrieval of overlapping associations during wake can lead to forgetting, a phenomenon known as retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF). We asked whether a similar pattern of forgetting occurs when TMR is used to cue reactivation of overlapping pairwise associations during sleep. Participants learned overlapping pairs-learned separately, interleaved with other unrelated pairs. During sleep, we cued a subset of overlapping pairs using TMR. While TMR increased retention for the first encoded pairs, memory decreased for the second encoded pairs. This pattern of retention was only present for pairs not tested prior to sleep. The results suggest that TMR can lead to forgetting, an effect similar to RIF during wake. However, this effect did not extend to memories that had been strengthened via retrieval prior to sleep. We therefore provide evidence for a reactivation-induced forgetting effect during sleep.","PeriodicalId":18003,"journal":{"name":"Learning & memory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9578373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40395893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Decreased associative processing and memory confidence in aphantasia. 失语症的联想处理和记忆信心下降。

IF 2 4区医学

Learning & memory Pub Date : 2022-10-17 Print Date: 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053610.122

Bianca C Wittmann, Yılmaz Şatırer

{"title":"Decreased associative processing and memory confidence in aphantasia.","authors":"Bianca C Wittmann, Yılmaz Şatırer","doi":"10.1101/lm.053610.122","DOIUrl":"10.1101/lm.053610.122","url":null,"abstract":"Visual imagery and mental reconstruction of scenes are considered core components of episodic memory retrieval. Individuals with absent visual imagery (aphantasia) score lower on tests of autobiographical memory, suggesting that aphantasia may be associated with differences in episodic and associative processing. In this online study, we tested aphantasic participants and controls on associative recognition and memory confidence for three types of associations encoded incidentally: associations between visual-visual and audio-visual stimulus pairs, associations between an object and its location on the screen, and intraitem associations. Aphantasic participants had a lower rate of high-confidence hits in all associative memory tests compared with controls. Performance on auditory-visual associations was correlated with individual differences in a measure of object imagery in the aphantasic group but not in controls. No overall group difference in memory performance was found, indicating that visual imagery selectively contributes to memory confidence. Analysis of the encoding task revealed that aphantasics made fewer associative links between the stimuli, suggesting a role for visual imagery in associative processing of visual and auditory input. These data enhance our understanding of visual imagery contributions to associative memory and further characterize the cognitive profile of aphantasia.","PeriodicalId":18003,"journal":{"name":"Learning & memory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9578376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40395549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Enhanced olfactory memory detection in trap-design Y-mazes allows the study of imperceptible memory traces in Drosophila. 陷阱设计Y迷宫中增强的嗅觉记忆检测可以研究果蝇的难以察觉的记忆痕迹。

IF 2 4区医学

Learning & memory Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053545.121

Radhika Mohandasan, Manikrao Thakare, Suhas Sunke, Fathima Mukthar Iqbal, Madhav Sridharan, Gaurav Das

{"title":"Enhanced olfactory memory detection in trap-design Y-mazes allows the study of imperceptible memory traces in Drosophila.","authors":"Radhika Mohandasan, Manikrao Thakare, Suhas Sunke, Fathima Mukthar Iqbal, Madhav Sridharan, Gaurav Das","doi":"10.1101/lm.053545.121","DOIUrl":"10.1101/lm.053545.121","url":null,"abstract":"The neural basis of behavior is identified by systematically manipulating the activity of specific neurons and screening for loss or gain of phenotype. Therefore, robust, high-scoring behavioral assays are necessary for determining the neural circuits of novel behaviors. We report a simple Y-maze design for Drosophila olfactory learning and memory assay. Memory scores in our Y-mazes are considerably better and longer-lasting than scores obtained with commonly used T-mazes. Our results suggest that trapping flies to an odor choice in a Y-maze could improve scores. We postulated that the improved scores could reveal previously undetectable memory traces, enabling the study of underlying neural mechanisms. Indeed, we identified unreported protein synthesis-dependent long-term memories (LTMs), reinforced by ingestion of (1) an aversive compound and (2) a sweet but nonnutritious sugar, both 24 h after training. We also used Y-mazes to probe how using a greater reward may change memory dynamics. Our findings predict that a greater sugar reward may extend existing memory traces or reinforce additional novel ones.","PeriodicalId":18003,"journal":{"name":"Learning & memory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/73/a5/LM053545Moh.PMC9536757.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40387147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Higher-order trace conditioning in newborn rabbits. 新生兔的高阶微量条件反射。

IF 1.8 4区医学

Learning & memory Pub Date : 2022-09-30 Print Date: 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053607.122

Gérard Coureaud, Nina Colombel, Patricia Duchamp-Viret, Guillaume Ferreira

引用次数: 0