Lasers in Medical Science最新文献

{"title":"Photobiomodulation as a therapeutic approach for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in model rats.","authors":"Yu-Jui Huang, Yi-Tien Li, Min-Lan Tsai, Feng-Chin Lee, Akira Niwa, Chiung-Hui Yen, Cheng-Ying Chu, Hsi Chang","doi":"10.1007/s10103-025-04653-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-025-04653-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current treatment options for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) primarily involve pharmacological and behavioral interventions; however, concerns regarding side effects, long-term safety, and limited efficacy in certain populations highlight the need for alternative therapies. This study evaluates the effectiveness of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in mitigating core symptoms of ADHD-specifically impulsivity and hyperactivity-in a spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) model, by assessing neuroinflammation, preservation of neuronal integrity, and brain connectivity. SHRs, a well-established ADHD animal model, were used to assess PBMT's effects. The experimental design included three groups: a normal control group (WKY), an ADHD model group receiving PBMT (SHR-PBMT), and an ADHD model group receiving sham treatment (SHR-Sham group). PBMT was administered daily for 25 s at a wavelength of 808 nm over 21 consecutive days. Behavioral assessments (open field test), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and immunohistochemical analysis were conducted to evaluate neuroinflammation, neuronal integrity, and myelination. SHR-PBMT reduced total track length by 28.4% (p = 0.003) and average speed by 22.7% (p = 0.012) compared to the SHR-Sham group. Fractional anisotropy in the prefrontal cortex increased by 15% (p < 0.05) following SHR-PBMT compared to the SHR-Sham group. The density of Iba-1 positive cells decreased by 35% ± 5% (p = 0.004), indicating significant suppression of microglial activation. Additionally, compared with the SHR-Sham group, the SHR-PBMT group preserved myelin integrity in ADHD-related brain regions, suggesting neuroprotective effects. The findings suggest that PBMT is an effective nonpharmacological intervention for ADHD, reducing impulsivity and hyperactivity while preserving neuronal structure and function. By mitigating neuroinflammation and improving neuronal connectivity, PBMT presents a promising therapeutic alternative to conventional ADHD treatments. Further studies are needed to explore its clinical applicability and long-term safety in human populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":17978,"journal":{"name":"Lasers in Medical Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"417"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145258541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of universal adhesive systems on the enamel etching patterns, shear bond strength, adhesive remnant index and failure type of pit and fissure sealants applied to Er: YAG laser etched enamel: an in vitro study.","authors":"Juan Fernando Limón-Cerón, Rosalía Contreras-Bulnes, Rogelio José Scougall-Vilchis, María de Los Angeles Moyaho-Bernal, Laura Emma Rodríguez-Vilchis, Irina Mézquita-Rodrigo","doi":"10.1007/s10103-025-04670-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-025-04670-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To evaluate in vitro the effect of universal adhesive systems on the enamel etching patterns, shear bond strength, adhesive remnant index, and failure type of pit and fissure sealants applied to Er: YAG laser etched enamel. One hundred sixty-eight samples were included and randomly assigned to 8 study groups (n = 21 p/g) under specific enamel conditioning protocols. One representative sample per group was used to observe enamel etching patterns at 200x, 500x and 1500x by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The shear bond strength (SBS) was carried out with a universal testing machine (Autograph AGS-X, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan); the adhesive remnant index (ARI) and adhesive failure type were evaluated with a stereomicroscope (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan). For data analysis SPSS v.25 program (SPSS IBM, New York, USA) was employed; ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed (p < 0.05). SEM analysis exhibited different etching patterns. The highest SBS values were found in group GV_CE_SBU_Clinpro (18.768 ± 3.188 MPa), followed by GVII_ErYAG_SBU_Clinpro (18.111 ± 3.939 MPa) and GVI_CE_FBM_Gseal (16.621 ± 2.931 MPa), p < 0.001; ARI showed the lowest adhesive index (0) for groups GIV_ErYAG_Gseal (75%) and GIII_ErYAG_Clinpro (55%), p < 0.05; adhesive failure was predominant followed by the mixed failure in all groups. The use of Er: YAG laser etching for the application of pit and fissure sealants (PFS) is recommended in conjunction with universal adhesives, as it surpasses conventional etching performance. The universal adhesive containing 10-MDP showed the best results in SBS, regardless of the type of pre-etching agent used.</p>","PeriodicalId":17978,"journal":{"name":"Lasers in Medical Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"421"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative efficacy and safety of 577-nm diode laser versus 1064-nm Nd: YAG laser for inflammatory acne vulgaris: a split-face randomized study.","authors":"Essamelden M Mohamed, Hazem L Abdel-Aleem, Ghadeer M H Elazab, Mahmoud A Rageh","doi":"10.1007/s10103-025-04654-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10103-025-04654-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acne vulgaris is a common inflammatory skin disorder with physical and psychosocial impact. Laser therapies offer targeted, non-pharmacologic treatment options. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of the 577-nm diode laser versus the 1064-nm Nd: YAG laser in treating inflammatory acne vulgaris. In this prospective, split-face randomized trial, 52 patients underwent three sessions of laser treatment at two-week intervals. One side of the face was treated with a 577-nm diode laser and the other with a 1064-nm Nd: YAG laser. Outcomes included inflammatory lesion counts, Acne Severity Index (ASI), patient satisfaction, and adverse effects. Both lasers significantly reduced inflammatory lesions (p < 0.001), with no significant difference between groups (p > 0.05). Excellent ASI response was observed in 26.9% (diode) and 28.8% (Nd: YAG) treated sides. Satisfaction scores were comparable (2.5 ± 0.6 vs. 2.6 ± 0.5; p = 0.59). Adverse events were mild and transient, with no serious complications. The 577-nm diode and 1064-nm Nd: YAG lasers are equally effective and well-tolerated for inflammatory acne, offering safe alternatives to conventional therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":17978,"journal":{"name":"Lasers in Medical Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12513887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical applications and molecular mechanisms for intravenous laser blood irradiation: a systematic review.","authors":"Cheng-Chiang Chang, Yu-He Li, Hsin-Hung Chen, Shu-Fen Sun","doi":"10.1007/s10103-025-04668-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-025-04668-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intravenous Laser Irradiation of Blood (ILIB) is a therapeutic approach that utilizes low-level laser energy to irradiate blood, showing potential clinical value in treating various diseases in recent years. This systematic review aims to comprehensively examine the basic principles, technological developments, biological effects, and clinical applications of ILIB, while analyzing the level of evidence and limitations of existing research. Through searching relevant literature in databases such as PubMed, this study collected research on ILIB applications in musculoskeletal diseases, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders. Results indicate that ILIB exhibits multiple biological effects, including improved blood rheological properties, enhanced erythrocyte oxygen-carrying capacity, immune regulation, and reduction of inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. Clinical studies suggest that ILIB has positive therapeutic effects on musculoskeletal pain, sleep disorders, pulmonary diseases, and long COVID-related cognitive impairments. However, existing research still has limitations such as small sample sizes, lack of large-scale randomized controlled trials, and non-standardized dosage parameters. Future research should focus on developing standardized treatment protocols, exploring mechanisms of action in depth, and strategies for combining with conventional therapies to further establish ILIB's position in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":17978,"journal":{"name":"Lasers in Medical Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"416"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145251601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of dual-wavelength photobiomodulation on the healing of gingival graft donor sites: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"João Lucas Carvalho Paz, Felipe Pires Costa, Marcela Crosara Quagliatto, Priscilla Barbosa Ferreira Soares, Maurício Andres Tinajero Aroni, Guilherme José Pimentel Lopes de Oliveira","doi":"10.1007/s10103-025-04665-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-025-04665-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to assess the efficacy of dual-wavelength photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on the wound healing process of de-epithelialized free gingival graft (DE-FGF) donor sites. A randomized, controlled clinical trial with a parallel-group design was conducted, including 30 patients, who were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 15) based on the treatment applied to the surgical wound following DE-FGF harvesting: CTR Group (n = 15): Wounds were treated with a fibrin sponge alone; PBMT Group (n = 15): Wounds received a fibrin sponge in conjunction with dual-wavelength PBMT, administered immediately and on days 3, 7, 10, and 15 postoperatively. Clinical evaluations were performed at baseline and at 3, 7, 15, and 30 days postoperatively. The following clinical outcomes were assessed: Wound area in mm² based on standardized photographic analysis; Degree of wound epithelialization; Pain perception using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS); and Analgesic consumption. The findings demonstrated that dual-wavelength PBMT did not significantly influence overall wound closure, pain perception, or analgesic intake. However, accelerated epithelialization was observed in the PBMT group, with a higher proportion of donor sites exhibiting complete epithelial coverage by day 10 post-surgery. The results found suggest that dual-wavelength PBMT may enhance the early healing phase of palatal donor site wounds following DE-FGF harvesting.Trial registration: Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (REBEC - RBR-9ztp7q7- Date of registration: 16/11/2022) under number U1111-1281-2428.</p>","PeriodicalId":17978,"journal":{"name":"Lasers in Medical Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"413"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145251632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MTA-Fillapex sealer penetration following activation with various irrigation protocols: a scanning electron microscopy study.","authors":"Hossein Saghebi, Parisa Ranjbarian, Amir Mansour Shirani, Fatemeh Bagheri","doi":"10.1007/s10103-025-04660-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-025-04660-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to compare the penetration of MTA-fillapex sealer in dentinal tubules after activation with different irrigation procedures.</p><p><strong>Materials: </strong>This in-vitro study involved 40 mandibular premolar teeth which were divided into four groups: (1) control group (without activation) (2) activation with ultrasonic, (3) XP-Endo Finisher, and (4) 980-diode laser. The teeth were filled with MTA-fillapex using single cone method. Sealer penetration in dentinal tubules was examined by scanning electron microscope at 2, 5, and 8 mm from apex under x1000 magnification. The data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk test, mixed analysis of variance, paired t test and post hoc Bonferroni (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The average sealer penetration rate in laser 980 nm laser group was significantly higher (p-value < 0.001). In 2 and 5 mm depth, there was no significant difference between Ultra X and XP-Endo (p-value > 0.05). While at 8 mm depth average, penetration rate in XP-Endo Finisher was significantly higher than with Ultra X (p-value > 0.001). The average sealer penetration at 8 mm from the apex was significantly higher than at 5 mm from the apex (p-value < 0.001), and at 5 mm was significantly higher than at 2 mm (p-value < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggested that type of irrigation protocol plays an important role in MTA fillapex sealer penetration. Root canal irrigation with 980 nm laser potentially leading to improved sealing ability, especially in the apical third.\"</p>","PeriodicalId":17978,"journal":{"name":"Lasers in Medical Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"414"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145251689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of different implant surface decontamination techniques on bacterial load and surface integrity: an in-vitro study.","authors":"Ece Açıkgöz-Alparslan, Ayşegül Kurt, Ufuk Bağcı","doi":"10.1007/s10103-025-04674-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10103-025-04674-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different decontamination techniques on titanium discs contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus biofilms focusing on bacterial removal efficacy and preservation of surface chemistry and topography.Two hundred twenty titanium discs, either contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus biofilms or kept sterile, were allocated to five decontamination protocols: titanium curette (TC), Erbium, Chromium: Yttrium-Scandium-Gallium-Garnet (Er, Cr: YSGG) laser at 1.5 W (LI1) and 2 W (LI2), air-abrasion with glycine powder (AGP), and erythritol powder with chlorhexidine (AEP). Microbial reduction was assessed by colony-forming unit (CFU) counts, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM); surface alterations were evaluated using SEM, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and profilometry. Statistical analysis included ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and Pearson correlation tests. All methods significantly reduced CFU counts (p < 0.05), with LI2 achieving the highest log reduction. CLSM and SEM confirmed substantial reductions in viable biomass for LI2, TC, and AEP (p < 0.05), while AGP was least effective (p > 0.05). XPS analysis revealed that LI2 and AEP significantly increased surface oxygen (p < 0.05) and altered elemental composition with minimal damage. TC caused notable surface scratches, and AGP/AEP left powder residues. Only the TC group showed a significant increase in surface roughness (p < 0.05). None of the techniques completely removed biofilm; however, Er, Cr: YSGG laser at 2 W showed the most favorable balance between microbial reduction and surface preservation. Optimized laser parameters and chlorhexidine-enriched fine powders appear to be effective and safe options. Although titanium curettes achieved considerable biofilm removal, they induced significant alterations in surface morphology.</p>","PeriodicalId":17978,"journal":{"name":"Lasers in Medical Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"415"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145251682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined intraurethral and intravaginal er: YAG laser (UEL + VEL) therapy vs. intraurethral (UEL) alone treatment for stress urinary incontinence? a multicenter retrospective cohort study, real world data from the VELA centers.","authors":"C Tamer Erel, Ipek Betul Ozcivit Erkan, Neslihan Gokmen, Marco Gambacciani, Adrian Gaspar, Leticia Lazzaletta, Nobuo Okui, Olga Pustotina, Levent M Senturk, Inci Sema Tas, Funda Gungor Ugurlucan, Cenk Yasa, Mert Urfalioglu","doi":"10.1007/s10103-025-04691-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-025-04691-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to compare the efficacy of the combined intraurethral and intravaginal (UEL + VEL) non-ablative Erbium (Er): YAG laser with UEL alone in improving the symptoms of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and/or stress-dominant mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) in women.This retrospective, multicenter cohort study included 228 women with SUI and/or MUI, with 161 women in the UEL + VEL group and 67 in the UEL group. The primary outcome was the change International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF) scores at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months.Demographic characteristics, including age, body mass index (BMI), and menopausal duration, were similar between the groups, with the exception of parity, which was significantly higher in the UEL group (2.49 ± 1.15 vs. 2.01 ± 1.15, p = 0.025). Baseline ICIQ-UI SF scores were significantly higher in the UEL + VEL group (12.08 ± 4.17 vs. 10.35 ± 4.95, p = 0.008). Over time, the UEL + VEL group showed a steeper and more substantial decline in symptom scores, eventually converging with the UEL group at 12 months. The UEL group, starting with lower baseline scores, showed a more moderate decline. This suggests that UEL + VEL might be more effective in reducing symptoms over time. Within-subjects test indicated that parity significantly influenced symptom improvement over time (p < 0.001, F = 13.843), and between-subjects test at 12 months showed that treatment type (p = 0.036, F = 4.479), parity (p = 0.002, F = 10.029), and their interaction (p = 0.022, F = 5.333). were significant predictors of outcome.Both UEL and combined UEL + VEL applications significantly improved UI symptoms up to 12 months. However, UEL + VEL was more effective overall. Parity was a significant factor influencing the treatment outcome, suggesting that increasing parity may be a prognostic factor in laser therapy for UI.</p>","PeriodicalId":17978,"journal":{"name":"Lasers in Medical Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"412"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145251634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tooth color prediction in intraoral images under different clinical lights using ML algorithms and CLAHE technique: an In-Vivo study.","authors":"Esra Efitli, Abdullah Ammar Karcioglu, Alper Ozdogan, Furkan Karatas, Tuba Senocak","doi":"10.1007/s10103-025-04675-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-025-04675-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tooth color selection is a crucial step in prosthetic dental treatments. However, the process often suffers from subjectivity, environmental light variability, and the high cost or lack of standardization in instrumental methods. This study aims to develop a consistent and reliable tooth color prediction model using machine learning (ML) techniques, even under different clinical lights. In-vivo intraoral images of anterior teeth were collected from volunteer patients under five different clinical light sources. The teeth were annotated, segmented, and matched with corresponding color labels. LAB color space was used, and the CLAHE (Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization) technique was applied to the L-channel to reduce light-induced glare. To address class imbalance, data augmentation was performed, resulting in a balanced dataset of 16,640 images. The dataset was split into 80% training and 20% testing subsets. Five ML algorithms-Random Forest (RF), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, and XGBoost-were evaluated. As a result of experimental studies, RF and XGBoost obtained the highest performance, both achieving an accuracy of 97% in predicting tooth color across different lighting scenarios. These results demonstrate the robustness of the approach under variable lighting conditions. This study demonstrates that ML algorithms combined with image enhancement techniques such as CLAHE can provide accurate and light-independent tooth color predictions. The proposed method offers a practical and low-cost tool to support clinical decision-making in prosthetic dentistry, potentially enhancing standardization and efficiency in color matching processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17978,"journal":{"name":"Lasers in Medical Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"411"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145239008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of laser-assisted ablative versus non ablative gingival depigmentation: a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Shruti Singh, Vivek Kumar Bains, Chetan Chandra, Anil Kumar Jha, Ruchi Srivastava, Sunakshi Soi","doi":"10.1007/s10103-025-04646-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-025-04646-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To compare the clinical efficacy and patient-centered outcome after laser-assisted gingival depigmentation using ablative and non-ablative techniques at 940 nm and 445 nm wavelengths, respectively. A total of 30 participants aged between 18 and 35 years meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled for the split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Two laser-assisted gingival depigmentation techniques were compared: Ablative gingival depigmentation procedure (AGDP) using a 940 nm diode laser and non-ablative gingival depigmentation procedure (NAGDP) using a 445 nm diode laser. Randomization was performed using the Sequentially Numbered Opaque Sealed Envelope (SNOSE) method while maintaining investigator and observer blinding. Periodontal health parameters Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), and intensity of pigmentation, extent of pigmentation, and severity of gingival pigmentation using Dummet Gupta Oral Pigmentation Index (DOPI), Melanin Index (MI) and Gingival Pigmentation Index (GPI) were recorded. Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMS) in term of Patient Post-Surgical Discomfort Score (PPSDS), Patient Esthetic Score (PES) and Patient Satisfaction Score (PSS) were also recorded. All clinical outcomes, PES and PSS were recorded by a trained blinded observer at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months interval. PPSDS scores were recorded at 24 h after the intervention. Both the AGDP and NAGDP showed significant reduction in all clinical parameters (DOPI, MI and GPI scores). Sites treated with AGDP showed a greater mean reduction in DOPI, MI and GPI scores than NAGDP treated sites. NAGDP resulted in less post-operative pain and discomfort in terms of PPSDS compared to AGDP. Healing was uneventful in both the groups, but patients favored NAGDP due to reduced discomfort, despite comparable aesthetic outcomes in both groups. AGDP led to significantly better pigmentation reduction, whereas NAGDP revealed better acceptance in terms of PPSDS. The time taken to complete the procedure for AGDP was significantly longer than NAGDP.Registry: https://ctri.nic.in , CTRI: CTR063425567, Registration date: 10 April 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":17978,"journal":{"name":"Lasers in Medical Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"407"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}