Lasers in Medical Science最新文献

{"title":"Progress in the application of laser photocoagulation therapy in the treatment of pediatric retinal diseases.","authors":"Qing Zhang, Xiaoyan Chai, Di Gong, Yitao Yan, Guoming Zhang, Gaoen Ma","doi":"10.1007/s10103-026-05083-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-026-05083-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is a comprehensive review on the progress of laser photocoagulation therapy in the treatment of pediatric retinal diseases. The review begins by introducing the background and characteristics of pediatric retinal diseases, as well as the principles and mechanisms of retinal photocoagulation currently employed in clinical practice. Subsequently, the paper elaborates on the application of laser photocoagulation therapy in pediatric retinal diseases such as Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP), Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy (FEVR), Coats' disease, Norrie disease, Incontinentia Pigmenti (IP), Morning Glory Syndrome (MGS), and Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP). Laser therapy has shown significant efficacy in slowing disease progression, improving visual function, and preventing severe complications. However, laser therapy also carries potential complications that require careful control of laser parameters during treatment. With advancements in technology and further clinical research, our understanding of the application of laser therapy in pediatric retinal diseases has deepened, but further research is needed to refine treatment protocols and enhance treatment effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":17978,"journal":{"name":"Lasers in Medical Science","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149298415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methyl aminolevulinate-PpIX mediated fluorescence-guided mapping of high-grade vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: a pilot prospective clinical trial (PhotoDiVin).","authors":"Lorraine Hejl, Marion Helle, Léa Leufflen, Aboubacar Diallo, Manuel Gomes David, Marion Pierret, Maxime Richard, Thierry Routiot, Nour Mammari, Henri-Pierre Lassalle, Fréderic Marchal, Julia Salleron, Lina Bezdetnaya","doi":"10.1007/s10103-026-05047-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-026-05047-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The worldwide prevalence of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia is increasing and is characterized by the high risk of recurrence and evolution towards vulvar cancer. Positive margins following surgical excision are the most important criteria of recurrence risk. We conducted a pilot clinical study to assess the fluorescence-based cartography of VIN lesions using methyl aminolevulinate (m-ALA), which is a prodrug of the fluorophore protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). A prospective, single-center, single-arm clinical trial included 17 women with histologically confirmed high-grade vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (dVIN or vHSIL). Following topical methyl aminolevulinate application, fluorescence-guided examination under 405-nm light was performed. Targeted biopsies from fluorescent and non-fluorescent areas were compared with histopathology to assess concordance and the ability of fluorescence to accurately identify high-grade lesions. Among 34 biopsies, histopathological findings were concordant with fluorescence in 91% of cases. The procedure correctly identified intraepithelial neoplasia areas in 14 patients, yielding a success rate of 82% (95%CI 56-96%). Sensitivity and specificity were 93% (95%CI 68-100%) and 89% (95%CI 67-99%), respectively. The tolerance of the procedure was excellent with no pain and no side effects neither after cream application nor after illumination. This pilot study suggests that fluorescence imaging is a workable technique to mark VIN lesions with m-ALA cream. Further studies are needed to improve the reproducibility and ease of use of this method.</p>","PeriodicalId":17978,"journal":{"name":"Lasers in Medical Science","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149298381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of photobiomodulation on recovery from oral soft tissue local anaesthesia in paediatric patients: a preliminary split-mouth randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Zia Ul Haque Mohamed, Penmetsa Ahalya, Chandrappa Vinay, Peddi Ravigna, Praveen Arany, K S Uloopi","doi":"10.1007/s10103-026-05056-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-026-05056-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Paediatric dental patients are particularly vulnerable to inadvertent soft-tissue injury following local anaesthesia (LA) This preliminary study evaluated. the clinical efficacy of 810-nm diode laser photobiomodulation (PBM) in reversing oral soft-tissue anaesthesia in paediatric patients. Thirty-four children aged 8-12 years requiring bilateral primary toothextractions under infiltration LA were enrolled in by consideration of ethical codes. Local anaesthesia was administered using 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine, as per the local infiltration anesthesia protocol. Participants were randomly allocated to receive both PBM and sham Laser with 7-10 days washout period between the two interventions. PBM was delivered using an 810-nm diode laser in continuous mode at 200 mW for 12 s per point at six predefined intraoral and extraoral sites. An independent examiner assessed soft-tissue sensation at 5-minute intervals by standardized bilateral palpation, using the non-anaesthetized side as the reference. The primary outcome was time to first assessment at which sensation on the anaesthetized side was judged normal. Data were analysed using a paired-samples t-test. Mean reflection time was significantly shorter in the PBM group (60.7 ± 27.3 min; p < 0.001) compared with the Sham lasergroup (78.2 ± 17.0 min). Subgroup analysis demonstrated significant reductions in reflection time in both maxillary and mandibular arches. Photobiomodulation using an 810-nm diode laser demonstrated a reduction in subjective soft tissue anaesthesia recovery time following infiltration LA in paediatric dental patients under the conditions tested.</p>","PeriodicalId":17978,"journal":{"name":"Lasers in Medical Science","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149287524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and self-reported side reactions of intense pulsed light treatment for photoaging in a cohort of 217 patients.","authors":"YuJia Cai, Wenzhong Xiang","doi":"10.1007/s10103-026-05082-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-026-05082-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, intense pulsed light (IPL) has been widely used in cosmetics. Most studies have focused on the efficacy of IPL and considered it to be both effective and safe; however, some adverse reactions may be ignored in clinical practice. We enrolled 217 patients to analyze their reactions to IPL treatment combined with clinical observation and self-report, and every patient received three full-face treatments one month apart. The overall and significant efficacy rates were 65.9% and 33.2%, respectively. The main adverse reactions to IPL treatment included pain, facial flushing, skin scabs, hypopigmentation, hyperpigmentation, acne-like rashes, and drier facial skin. We believe that treatment parameters, particularly energy, play an important role in the occurrence of adverse reactions. In conclusion, IPL should be considered for patients based on its efficacy and mild reactions, but the possibility of severe adverse reactions must not be ignored.</p>","PeriodicalId":17978,"journal":{"name":"Lasers in Medical Science","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149298393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Nd: YAG laser-fluoride application sequence on enamel demineralization: a micro-CT in vitro study.","authors":"Angelinne Ribeiro Angelo Gomes, Richard John Heck, Anderson Stevens Leonidas Gomes, Pamella Recco Alvares, Luiz Gustavo de Sousa Duda Júnior, Shamara Pinto Ferreira da Cruz, Ana Marly Araújo Maia, Luiz Alcino Monteiro Gueiros","doi":"10.1007/s10103-026-05080-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10103-026-05080-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To evaluate, in an in vitro model, whether pulsed Nd: YAG laser irradiation combined with 5% sodium fluoride varnish inhibits bovine enamel demineralization more effectively than fluoride alone, and whether the order of application and the laser power influence the outcome. One hundred and ten bovine enamel specimens were randomly allocated to five groups: Control (C), Fluoride (F), Laser (L), Fluoride-then-Laser (FL), and Laser-then-Fluoride (LF). Irradiated groups received a pulsed Nd: YAG laser at 10 Hz and 300 µs at average powers of 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 W, with 10 specimens per power subgroup. After treatment, specimens underwent a 48-hour chemical demineralization challenge. Surface loss, measured as lesion step-height in micrometres, and the difference in relative radiodensity between treated and protected enamel were quantified by micro-computed tomography. Data were compared by one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test, α = 0.05. The control group showed the greatest surface loss, 89.8 ± 24.6 μm, and the largest radiodensity difference, 1756 ± 746 grayscale units. All treatments except FL0.5 significantly reduced surface loss relative to control. The Laser-then-Fluoride sequence produced the lowest surface loss at every power, from 11.2 to 15.1 μm, but these values did not differ significantly from fluoride alone, which yielded 33.8 ± 23.9 μm. Surface loss did not differ significantly among the three laser powers. The lowest radiodensity differences were recorded in LF1 and F, at 317 ± 401 and 376 ± 292 grayscale units, which did not differ significantly from each other. Applying the laser before fluoride varnish outperformed the reverse sequence, whereas laser power did not influence the outcome. Under the conditions of this in vitro model, the anti-demineralization effect of the best laser-assisted protocol was comparable to that of fluoride varnish alone. Whether laser pretreatment confers a measurable advantage in clinical conditions remains to be determined.</p>","PeriodicalId":17978,"journal":{"name":"Lasers in Medical Science","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13710574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149269645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Red and near-infrared photobiomodulation in precision medicine: mechanisms, dosimetry, and clinical translation.","authors":"Lihao Shi, Jiaqi Lu, Bin Wei, Pengchao Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s10103-026-05077-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-026-05077-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phototherapy is a non-invasive therapeutic modality that uses specific wavelengths of light to modulate biological processes and treat disease. Driven by advances in photobiology, regenerative medicine, and clinical technology, phototherapy has evolved from empirical heliotherapy into a mechanism-based intervention with expanding medical applications. This review places the biological effects, therapeutic indications, and safety profiles of ultraviolet, blue, and green light in comparative context, while focusing primarily on the mechanisms, dosimetry, and clinical translation of red and near-infrared photobiomodulation (PBM). Although ultraviolet and blue light therapies have established roles in dermatology and neonatal jaundice, their clinical use is limited by concerns such as photocarcinogenesis, retinal phototoxicity, and circadian disruption. In contrast, red and near-infrared light offer deeper tissue penetration and, when appropriately dosed, a comparatively low risk of direct photochemical injury. Through mitochondrial, redox, inflammatory, and other context-dependent signaling pathways, red/NIR PBM has been investigated in wound repair, chronic pain, osteoarthritis, musculoskeletal disorders, neurological conditions, and dermatological applications. As a representative quantitative example, a 2024 meta-analysis of 10 placebo-controlled randomized trials involving 542 participants with knee osteoarthritis found a moderate reduction in pain at rest with PBM compared with placebo (standardized mean difference, - 0.70; 95% confidence interval, - 1.10 to - 0.20), although the certainty of evidence was very low. However, broader clinical translation remains constrained by heterogeneous dosimetry, insufficiently standardized treatment protocols, and uneven evidence maturity across indications. To address these limitations, we propose a precision-oriented framework that links clinical target, tissue-optical context, wavelength selection, patient- and site-specific modifiers, dosimetric implications, measurable endpoints, and evidence maturity. This framework is intended to support treatment planning, parameter reporting, and prospective validation rather than to prescribe currently validated individualized dosing algorithms.</p>","PeriodicalId":17978,"journal":{"name":"Lasers in Medical Science","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149287533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination therapy of carbon dioxide laser with topical halometason cream and 308 nm excimer laser for the treatment of vitiligo: an optimized combined treatment protocol.","authors":"Yi Yang, Molu Ozukum, Weiyi Zou, Xin Zheng, Shixin Han, Anna Nikiforova, Zhiqi Song","doi":"10.1007/s10103-026-05076-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10103-026-05076-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The treatment for refractory non-segmental vitiligo (RNSV) remains unsatisfactory, particularly for acral vitiligo (AV) and phototherapy platform-stage vitiligo (PPV), despite the numerous treatment modalities available for vitiligo. The efficacy of a triple combination therapy comprising a 308-nm excimer lamp, a fractional CO₂ laser, and a topical formulation was examined in this study. A better topical formulation and fractional CO₂ laser settings were tested on 64 fresh human foreskin samples. At 15 mJ pulse energy and 10% coverage, the fractional CO₂ laser and topical halometasone cream achieved a more widespread and consistent distribution with minimal side effects. The clinical trial included 98 individuals with 158 RNSV lesions. A total of 46 patients with 98 AV lesions and 52 with 60 PPV lesions were randomly assigned to T and C groups. T groups received fractional CO₂ laser, plastic-wrapped halometasone cream, and 308-nm excimer lamp therapy. The C group received 308-nm excimer lamp, topical calcineurin inhibitor and halometasone cream (without fractional CO₂ laser). A twice-weekly 308-nm excimer lamp therapy was used for three months. In the T group of PPV, 50% of lesions were successful at the conclusion of the research, while only 10% of lesions in the C group of PPV were successful (P ≤ 0.000). Success was attained by 8.16% of lesions in the T group of AV, while only 6.12% of lesions in the C group of AV were successful (P = 0.425). The PPV is definitively influenced by the tripartite combination therapy of a 308-nm excimer lamp, topical halometasone cream, and fractional CO₂ laser. The treatment duration of PPV can be shortened and the phototherapy platform stage can be avoided. Conversely, the combination treatment did not yield satisfactory results for vitiligo in the acral region.</p>","PeriodicalId":17978,"journal":{"name":"Lasers in Medical Science","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13695644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149269570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of pulse targeting strategy on Er:YAG laser ablation rate and efficiency in ex vivo cancellous bone.","authors":"Sam Withers, Joshua Troy, Brett Robertson, Riaz Khan, Nathan Pavlos","doi":"10.1007/s10103-026-05075-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-026-05075-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Lasers are an attractive alternative to mechanical tools for bone preparation, but clinical adoption is limited by low removal rates. This study investigated whether spatiotemporal sequencing of Er:YAG pulses can improve thermomechanical bone ablation, and how pulse separation and delivery order affect ablation rate, efficiency, and heating.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prototype Er:YAG system, with galvanometer scanning, ablated cancellous bone in eight ex vivo lamb femurs. Arm 1 varied the separation between consecutive pulses (0.175 to 0.275 mm). Arm 2 compared four targeting patterns within a fixed pulse grid, maintaining constant fluence and total energy for three of the four patterns. Thermal imaging and pre/post confocal scans quantified heating and volumetric removal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ablation rate was consistent across pulse separations (521 to 552mm³/min), while layer depth scaled linearly with deposited energy (R² = 0.94), decoupling depth control from throughput. Targeting strategy significantly affected ablation efficiency, ranging from 0.19-0.32mm³/J (p < 0.001). Hatching was fastest and most efficient, sustaining consistently high peak surface temperatures (200-250 °C) but lower mean surface temperatures than either scatter strategy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ablation efficiency varied with pulse order under controlled conditions, indicating a dependence beyond single pulse dynamics. We propose inter-pulse thermal coupling, whereby residual heat from a preceding pulse lowers the energy required by the next. Optimising the targeting strategy achieved the fastest reported removal rate for cancellous bone, identifying pulse sequencing as a lever for more efficient ablation.</p>","PeriodicalId":17978,"journal":{"name":"Lasers in Medical Science","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13695608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149269642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fractional CO₂ laser combined with intradermal and topical platelet-rich plasma for hypertrophic scars: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Junjie Sun, Jun Wang, Shujun Song, Xiaolin Liu, Wenli Fu","doi":"10.1007/s10103-026-05071-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10103-026-05071-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study compared the clinical efficacy and safety of fractional CO₂ laser combined with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) delivered by intradermal injection plus topical application versus fractional CO₂ laser alone for the treatment of hypertrophic scars.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective, randomized, assessor-blinded trial, 120 patients were assigned to a combined group (laser + PRP, n = 60) or a control group (laser + saline, n = 60). Four sessions were delivered at 4-6-week intervals. The primary outcome was Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) total score. The prespecified primary endpoint was the between-group difference in VSS total score at T4 (6 months after the final treatment session). Secondary outcomes included POSAS scores, ultrasound-measured scar thickness, patient satisfaction, and adverse events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups showed significant VSS improvement (both P < 0.001). The combined group had significantly lower VSS total scores than the control group from T1 onward (P = 0.036 at T1; P < 0.001 at T2 and T4; P = 0.007 at T3; estimated between-group difference at T4 -1.85 points, 95% CI -2.48 to -1.22, from the primary mixed-effects model) and lower POSAS scores from T1 onward (P = 0.022 at T1; P < 0.001 at T2, T3, and T4) than the control group. Ultrasound-measured scar thickness was lower in the combined group at 3 months (P = 0.045); at 6 months the difference was attenuated and of borderline statistical significance (P = 0.042-0.065 across missing-data approaches). Patient satisfaction was higher in the combined group (P < 0.001). Procedural pain was greater in the combined group (mean between-group difference 1.34 points on a 0-10 VAS; P < 0.001). Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation was numerically lower in the combined group (18.33% vs. 33.33%; P = 0.094).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fractional CO₂ laser combined with intradermal and topical PRP provided greater improvement in clinical scar scores than laser alone, with an acceptable safety profile. The advantage in ultrasound-measured thickness at 6 months was of borderline statistical significance. These findings support PRP as a potential adjunct for hypertrophic scars.</p>","PeriodicalId":17978,"journal":{"name":"Lasers in Medical Science","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149244480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of interleukins and immunological parameters in patients with colon cancer: an optical insight.","authors":"Abdullah Mohammed Mahdi Al-Zobaie, Firas Shawqi Algburi, Zaid Mohammed Mubarak Almahdawi, Yasameen H Jasim, Farzana Siddique, Munir Akhtar, Elmar Rzayev, Zainab H Almansour, Hafeez Ullah","doi":"10.1007/s10103-026-05063-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10103-026-05063-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The progression of colon cancer from benign adenoma to malignant tumors that invade and spread underscores the critical need for accurate and less invasive biomarkers. The primary objective of this work was to assess the diagnostic potential of combining immunological biomarkers and optical polarimetric characteristics in colorectal cancer. We specifically aimed to evaluate serum cytokine profiles as potential diagnostic tools and to explore tissue optical signatures in a preliminary analysis. Secondary objectives included examining postoperative immune changes and exploring the involvement of immune checkpoints in cancer progression. Serum levels of IL-8, IL-17 A, IL-37, CTLA-4, and CCR7 were measured using ELISA in 75 colon cancer patients (37 preoperative and 38 postoperative) and 15 healthy controls, whereas tissue properties were analyzed through Mueller matrix polarimetry. Compared with healthy controls, preoperative patients had significantly higher levels of IL-8, IL-17 A, CTLA-4, and CCR7 and lower levels of IL-37 (all P < 0.001), and all five markers discriminated preoperative patients from controls in ROC analysis (AUC 0.939-1.000). Postoperative patients showed intermediate levels, consistent with partial normalization of these markers after surgery. In a preliminary polarimetric analysis of a limited number of tissue sections, cancerous tissue showed higher total depolarization than normal tissue, whereas total retardance and diattenuation varied widely and overlapped between the two tissue types. These findings support serum cytokine and immune-checkpoint profiling as a promising, less invasive approach for colorectal cancer detection and monitoring, whereas the diagnostic value of Mueller matrix polarimetry needs to be confirmed in a larger number of tissue samples with formal statistical evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":17978,"journal":{"name":"Lasers in Medical Science","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13690835/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149244488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}