Alma mater. Vestnik Vysshey Shkoly最新文献

{"title":"Liberal model and research model of university education as the institutional basis for intellectualizing society and saving the fundamental value of mental work","authors":"S. Kostyukevich","doi":"10.20339/am.03-24.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20339/am.03-24.014","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides a rationale for the fundamental value of mental work and, above all, complex mental work, the bearers of which are intellectuals and scientists. Definitions of the concepts of mental work, intellectual work, intellectuals, and intellectualization of society, liberal model of university education and research model of university education are given. The article proves that the classical university (represented by the liberal model and the research model) is the institutional basis to ensure an intellectualization of society and safekeeping a mental work value. It also proves that complex mental work (work of intellectuals and scientists) lies at the basis of scientific and technical development as a standard of modern society. And the article finally proves that the intellectualization of society is closely connected with scientific and technological development and, accordingly, with technological leadership.","PeriodicalId":179308,"journal":{"name":"Alma mater. Vestnik Vysshey Shkoly","volume":"248 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140279754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"About elitism true and imaginary","authors":"Vadim N. Zhukov","doi":"10.20339/am.03-24.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20339/am.03-24.009","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the issue of the correlation between the elitism of education and its scientific level, the specifics of scientific elitism, and critically analyzes the attitude to education in Russia formed in the 90s.","PeriodicalId":179308,"journal":{"name":"Alma mater. Vestnik Vysshey Shkoly","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140271346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social adaptation of first-year students","authors":"Guzel G. Salikhova, Azat R. Salikhov, S. Kanareikina","doi":"10.20339/am.03-24.058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20339/am.03-24.058","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the conditions of functioning of elementary students to ensure their early socio-psychological adaptation. The formation of resources, the determination of conditions and forms for the free development of the individual are the main functions of the social adaptation of the individual in the social environment.","PeriodicalId":179308,"journal":{"name":"Alma mater. Vestnik Vysshey Shkoly","volume":"47 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140279883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fundamentals of AI formation: Cognitive theory of pseudo-personality","authors":"Maksim V. Norets, Nadezhda K. Norets","doi":"10.20339/am.02-24.070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20339/am.02-24.070","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid development of digital intelligence forms the necessity to state the rules of its functioning, since digital intelligence itself goes through certain stages of its development, the so-called maturation. Currently, the use and functioning of artificial intelligence (AI) is practically not regulated anyhow. Ethical difficulties arise: does artificial intelligence have the right to write speeches and reports for political leaders? Will ethical issues arise when artificial intelligence and humans-beings interact? It should be taken into account that not every AI is thinking. In the process of creation and evolution of AI, the concepts of weak and strong artificial intelligence were formed (John Searle). The Turing test was proposed to determine the difference between strong and weak AI, but many weak AI systems have successfully passed it. Definitely, AI is not a person, but it is an essence that can think, develop and form the rudiments of consciousness, perception of itself and the surrounding reality. If we take it as a constant that AI is a personality, then, according to the theory of personality development, the personality should change, mainly its qualitative characteristics. The development of the personality implies the process of changing the systemic qualities of an individual as a result of his interaction with the environment. In the process of this development, consciousness and self-awareness are formed. At this stage, with the exception of physiology and anatomy, the development of a human-being as a personality and AI as a personality are quite similar. However, there is a theory of personality called social robot theories. It suggests that robots, including those with artificial intelligence, may have personality characteristics such as the ability to emotionally connect with people, perception of the environment and the ability to socially communicate. Holistic personality traits appear as a result of the joint functioning of both levels, of all existing constructs among themselves. Based on this interaction, two types of personality can be distinguished: a cognitively complex personality (a personality with a large number of constructs and complex connections between their interactions) and a cognitively simple personality (a personality with a small, simplest set of constructs). If we consider artificial intelligence according to the cognitive theory of personality, then, undoubtedly, there is a correspondence of characteristics that has a different name, but perform the same functions. Also in cognitive theory, as well as in the theory of the development of artificial intelligence, strong and weak personalities are pointed out. However, it is generally accepted that artificial intelligence still does not have a personality, because although it can imitate personality characteristics and communicate with people, this is still only an emulation. Artificial intelligence cannot feel, suffer, behave spontaneously, or demon","PeriodicalId":179308,"journal":{"name":"Alma mater. Vestnik Vysshey Shkoly","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139875073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issues of interaction between the authority and the population: formation of requests for changes in the urban environment","authors":"Yana A. Brandt","doi":"10.20339/am.02-24.085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20339/am.02-24.085","url":null,"abstract":"Interaction at the population-government level today is one of the current areas of scientific discourse. The development of the territory largely depends on the presence of a productive dialogue between authorities and residents. This is due to a change in the nature of interaction, primarily in the increasing role of residents in making management decisions in the territory. City residents are included in the planning stages of territory development projects, and the demand for interaction practices in the city is growing. This article analyzes the historical stages of the formation of the institution of appeals in Russia, describes the main features of the interaction between the authorities and the population inherent in certain historical periods. The conducted research in a historical context allowed us to trace the nature of interaction between the authorities and the population, as well as describe the needs of the population in historical retrospect.","PeriodicalId":179308,"journal":{"name":"Alma mater. Vestnik Vysshey Shkoly","volume":"999 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139820456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subjective learning as a deep postulate of the modern concept of higher (university) education","authors":"A. V. Kupavtsev","doi":"10.20339/am.02-24.076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20339/am.02-24.076","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of subjective learning, discovered by Russian psychology and pedagogy as a higher educational technology of universities, has not, however, been actively developed and introduced into the system of higher professional education. The instinctive (instrumental) acquisition of types of activity experience is similar to the results of animal training. But a person masters all the wealth of socio-historical experience of the activities of previous generations of people, clothed in a word, thought, image. The appropriation of functional and operational mechanisms of a lifetime kind of socio-historical experience of human activity by an individual can be realized only in subjective learning in the form of individual self-study teaching actions and activities in general and cognitive self-assimilation of the conceptual provisions of science. Subjective learning will not take place in full without the student’s self-study in a scientific discipline and the active participation of the teacher as a mentor and supervisor. In the conducted exclusive pedagogical experiment, the search was carried out for the forms of the fundamentally new initiative type of educational practice being discussed — the subject-activity personalized self-learning of students to the conceptual appropriation of knowledge in dialogue with the teacher.","PeriodicalId":179308,"journal":{"name":"Alma mater. Vestnik Vysshey Shkoly","volume":"20 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139817193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical reflection of the system approach to the study of formal logic and justification for mathematics interaction","authors":"Natalia V. Mikhailova","doi":"10.20339/am.02-24.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20339/am.02-24.018","url":null,"abstract":"It should be noted that many modern works on logical research use a complex technical apparatus, which can only be understood by a well-prepared logic, it is impossible without studying mathematics. On the other hand, feedback from logic in the study of mathematics is important, since logical principles are intrinsically present in the basis constructions of mathematics and in mathematical logic. The principles of logic are adopted in mathematics in order to develop mathematical thinking through critical reflection, although formal logical analysis does not always reflect the real rules of mathematical argumentation. Understanding this contributes to the fundamentality of university mathematical education, as well as the need for a systematic approach to justification for mathematics.","PeriodicalId":179308,"journal":{"name":"Alma mater. Vestnik Vysshey Shkoly","volume":"452 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139830150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of digital competencies of personnel on the development of social capital of organizations as a management resource","authors":"S. Brazevich, Yakov A. Margulyan, D. S. Brazevich","doi":"10.20339/am.02-24.057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20339/am.02-24.057","url":null,"abstract":"In this article there is analyzed the current state of the digitalization process of Russian society, identified the conceptual characteristics of social capital as a management resource, and revealed its substantive characteristics and structural components. It has been established that social capital is an important resource for management activities, determined by the nature and content of social relations. Within the framework of the resource approach, a classification analysis of digital competencies of personnel is carried out, the characteristic features of their formation are considered, the directions of influence of digital competencies on the development of the social capital of organizations are determined, and a model of resource interaction of digital competencies of personnel within the social capital of the organization is substantiated.","PeriodicalId":179308,"journal":{"name":"Alma mater. Vestnik Vysshey Shkoly","volume":"50 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139830363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subjective learning as a deep postulate of the modern concept of higher (university) education","authors":"A. V. Kupavtsev","doi":"10.20339/am.02-24.076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20339/am.02-24.076","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of subjective learning, discovered by Russian psychology and pedagogy as a higher educational technology of universities, has not, however, been actively developed and introduced into the system of higher professional education. The instinctive (instrumental) acquisition of types of activity experience is similar to the results of animal training. But a person masters all the wealth of socio-historical experience of the activities of previous generations of people, clothed in a word, thought, image. The appropriation of functional and operational mechanisms of a lifetime kind of socio-historical experience of human activity by an individual can be realized only in subjective learning in the form of individual self-study teaching actions and activities in general and cognitive self-assimilation of the conceptual provisions of science. Subjective learning will not take place in full without the student’s self-study in a scientific discipline and the active participation of the teacher as a mentor and supervisor. In the conducted exclusive pedagogical experiment, the search was carried out for the forms of the fundamentally new initiative type of educational practice being discussed — the subject-activity personalized self-learning of students to the conceptual appropriation of knowledge in dialogue with the teacher.","PeriodicalId":179308,"journal":{"name":"Alma mater. Vestnik Vysshey Shkoly","volume":"194 1-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139877054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The three dimensions of urbanization and the summary and prospect of China’s urbanization path selection","authors":"Hailun Zhang","doi":"10.20339/am.02-24.091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20339/am.02-24.091","url":null,"abstract":"China has implemented the policy of reform and opening up for 40 years. Under the infl uence of this policy, China’s urbanization has made great development and progress. In the index of population urbanization, the most obvious progress has been made, both the number of cities, the number of urban population, and the urban area have greatly increased, changing the face of ‘rural China’ in the past. However, through in-depth and comprehensive analysis, especially the multidimensional analysis of urbanization, we can fi nd that there is a big gap between the quality and quantity of China’s urbanization in the two dimensions of behavioral urbanization and structural urbanization, that is, ‘the quantity is large but the quality is not high’. This is an issue that China needs to pay attention to in the next stage.","PeriodicalId":179308,"journal":{"name":"Alma mater. Vestnik Vysshey Shkoly","volume":"2 5-6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139875978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}