Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde最新文献

{"title":"Use of a Novel Virtual Reality-Based Pupillography Device for Glaucoma Management: Cross-Sectional Cohort Pilot Study.","authors":"Karim El-Koussy, René Höhn, Mariana B L Falcão, Bruno Hauser, Avantika Naidu, Mathias Abegg","doi":"10.1055/a-2460-0147","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2460-0147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current standard methods in monitoring glaucoma progression, like optical coherence tomography (OCT) and standard automated perimetry (SAP), have limitations in certain cases. Automated relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) and pupillary light reflex (PLR) testing may offer more objective alternatives. This pilot study aimed to evaluate whether RAPD could sufficiently distinguish between the two eyes in asymmetrical glaucoma, and thus could lay the foundation for using the PLR of a single eye to monitor progression longitudinally.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-one patients underwent quantitative PLR measurements using a virtual reality headset. RAPD was calculated by subtracting the amplitude of PLRs between eyes. Both RAPD and relative SAP (measured using the mean defect or MD) results were correlated to the thickness of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), as measured by OCT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 18 patients was analyzed after exclusions. RAPD significantly correlated with differences between the two eyes as measured by RNFL thickness (Pearson r = 0.79, p = 0.05). MD differences correlated slightly better with RNFL differences (Pearson r = 0.87, p < 0.05). RAPD and MD combined yielded an improved prediction of RNFL differences by 5% compared to using MD only.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RAPD measurements reliably detected asymmetries in optic nerve damage in glaucoma patients. SAP measurements correlated better with OCT results than RAPD results. However, SAP and RAPD combined led to an improved prediction of RNFL thickness. This could possibly allow us to use PLR only over longer periods of time to monitor glaucomatous optic nerve damage in a single eye in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":17904,"journal":{"name":"Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde","volume":" ","pages":"379-383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-assessment of Knowledge vs. Real Reactions in Simulated Emergency Situations among Contact Lens Wearers in Switzerland.","authors":"Philipp Perschak, Sadiq Said, Simone Metzler, Sandrine Zweifel, Daniel Barthelmes, Dominique Hermann, Didier Herrmann, Farhad Hafezi, Léonard Kollros, Martina Monika Bosch, Frank Blaser","doi":"10.1055/a-2493-9342","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2493-9342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>If used properly, contact lenses (CLs) provide a safe and effective alternative to eyeglasses for refractive error correction. However, often due to patient noncompliance, CL-related complications may occur, such as discomfort, dry eye, as well as serious conditions like infectious keratitis. Our study aimed to assess the perceived knowledge and behavior of CL wearers in Switzerland regarding the handling of CLs and associated ocular health risks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This investigator-initiated, cross-sectional, qualitative, multicenter study was conducted in Switzerland from August 2023 to August 2024. After verbal consent, CL wearers were interviewed using a structured survey. The questionnaire explored participants' demographics, their perceived knowledge of the overall handling of CLs and associated health risks, as well as their behavior in two emergency scenarios involving monocular redness or pain. The descriptive statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA, USA). Figures were created with Prism version 10.2.3 (GraphPad Software, San Francisco, CA, USA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 172 participants with a median (IQR [range]) age of 39 (27 to 54 [10 to 82]) years were interviewed, whereby 81 (47.1%) were female. Myopia (61.0%) and keratoconus (30.2%) were the most reported indications for CL use. In terms of overall CL handling, 91.3% of participants felt well or sufficiently informed, whereas this was the case of 66.3% regarding CL-related health risks. In the scenario involving eye redness during CL use, 135 of 175 (77.1%) responses did not mention seeking professional advice, while 25 (14.3%) indicated visiting an ophthalmologist within 1 day of symptom onset. In the event of monocular pain, 67 of 179 (37.4%) responses did not consider seeking professional care, whereas 86 (48.0%) included consulting an ophthalmologist.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides insight into the unmet educational need of CL wearers, especially regarding CL-related complications. Participants generally felt better informed about overall CL handling than about the potential health risks. This information discrepancy is reflected by their responses to scenarios involving monocular redness or pain, where a considerable number of participants failed to react adequately. Further studies are warranted to explore effective, practical strategies for improving patient awareness and behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":17904,"journal":{"name":"Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde","volume":" ","pages":"339-345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National Consensus on the Assessment of Visual Function for Driving in Switzerland.","authors":"Frank Blaser, Martina Schneebeli, Kristina H Keller, Matthias Pfäffli, Margarita G Todorova, Pierre-François Kaeser, Stefano Anastasi, Hannes Wildberger, Frank Bochmann, Sandrine Zweifel, Sadiq Said","doi":"10.1055/a-2479-9305","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2479-9305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To establish a national consensus on assessing visual function for fitness to drive in Switzerland.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The minimum medical requirements for visual function for fitness to drive are regulated by Swiss Federal Law, namely, by the Traffic Licensing Ordinance (TLO). The medical examination techniques relevant in this context and their assessment are not further specified therein, which leads to legal inequality among drivers and uncertainty among examiners. We established a study group of representatives of the Traffic Medicine Section of the Swiss Society of Forensic Medicine and the Traffic Commission of the Swiss Society of Ophthalmology to develop a national consensus on assessing visual function for fitness to drive in Switzerland. In structured meetings, the authors discussed medical examination techniques and available international and local recommendations on this topic, with respect to Swiss legislation. In the event of a contrary opinion, the topic was discussed again in a follow-up session until we reached an agreement. We defined consensus as complete agreement on the subject under discussion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study group held five in-person meetings between March 2019 and January 2023. The authors developed recommendations intended for all professional groups assessing driving fitness. We prepared an aid for daily practice on how to examine the minimum medical requirements for visual function listed in the TLO Annex 1, using standardized test procedures and considered how to interpret the findings obtained, accounting for aspects of traffic medicine and ophthalmology.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A consensus on the assessment of visual function for fitness to drive in Switzerland is crucial to ensure legal equality for drivers and legal certainty for examiners. Regular review of the consensus is imperative if we are to consider future legal developments and new scientific evidence in assessing fitness to drive.</p>","PeriodicalId":17904,"journal":{"name":"Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde","volume":" ","pages":"507-514"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12020669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"My First 100 Vitrectomies\": Two Years of Collaborative Learning with the Vitreoretinal Fellowship in Switzerland.","authors":"Giorgio Enrico Bravetti, Emmanouil Blavakis, Iulia Maria Ciotu, Gabriele Thumann","doi":"10.1055/a-2541-4266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2541-4266","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate baseline characteristics, intraoperative choices, and surgical outcomes in patients operated by a vitreoretinal (VR) fellow during his first 2 years of fellowship in the Swiss medical system.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Setting: &lt;/strong&gt;Longitudinal, monocentric, retrospective study, conducted at the University Hospitals of Geneva.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;All consecutive cases were included that were operated by the same VR fellow at a tertiary university centre between January 2022 and March 2024. The primary outcome was the surgical success after any surgery. Secondary outcomes were the final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at the final follow-up visit as well as adverse events (AEs).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;One-hundred eyes of 89 patients were included (65 men and 24 women, mean age 61.5 ± 16.1 years, range 22 - 94 years). Out of those 100 vitrectomies, 38.0% were operated by the fellow with the supervisor, who was present in the operating theatre but not sitting at the microscope (group A), 36.0% were operated under direct observation by the supervisor who was sitting at the microscope next to the fellow (group B), and in 26.0% of the eyes with the fellow able to do perform only some parts of the surgery based on his expertise at that time, while the rest was completed by the supervisor (group C). The main type of surgery performed was vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (52.0%; n = 52) followed by silicone oil removal (13.0%), endophthalmitis (8.0%), epiretinal membrane peeling (8.0%), secondary intraocular lens (7.0%), trauma (5.0%), diabetic haemorrhage or tractional retinal detachment (4.0%), macular hole (2.0%), and vitreous haemorrhage (1%). Out of all these, 58.0% of the operations were classified as emergency (mostly rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), endophthalmitis and trauma), and 42.0% as elective. Eighty-three operations were standalone vitrectomies, while 17 were combined with cataract surgery. In the group undergoing vitrectomy for RRD, the most frequent operation performed, 48.1% of the operations belong to group A, while the rest was split between groups B and C. Forty eyes (79.6%) were classified as recent and uncomplicated RRD, and 12 (23.1%) as long-standing or complicated RRD. Most of the RRD cases were macula-on (59.6%; n = 31) and phakic (69.2%; n = 36). In order to manage RRD, perfluorocarbon liquid was used in 40.4% of the eyes, and retinotomy was performed in 26.9% of the cases. Thirty-four patients (65.4%) required a 360° laser retinopexy and ab-externo cryocoagulation of the retinal tears. The most often used endotamponade for RRD surgery was 14% C3F8 gas (42.3%; n = 22) followed by 20% SF6 gas (26.9%; n = 14), heavy silicone oil (13.5%; n = 7); 1000 cSt silicone oil (9.7%; n = 5), and 5000 cSt silicone oil (3.9%; n = 2). Out of all operations, mean BCVA improved significantly during follow-up (0.32 ± 0.34 decimals at baseline vs. 0.47 ± 0.30 decima","PeriodicalId":17904,"journal":{"name":"Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde","volume":"242 4","pages":"438-444"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12020660/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usability of a Virtual Reality Goggle as a New Diagnostic Device in Ophthalmological Practice.","authors":"Oliver Job, Muriel Spoerri, Kathrin Golla, Fabian Lengwiler, Michael Thiel, Armin Handzic, Ying-Yu Melody Hedinger","doi":"10.1055/a-2511-6090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2511-6090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND PRET: (neos) is a novel diagnostic device based on a commercially available virtual reality goggle and has been recently introduced by the company machineMD to serve as a neuro-ophthalmological assessment tool. Although the introduction of innovative devices such as PRET has the potential to improve ophthalmological practice, their clinical practicability and tolerability is not always guaranteed. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the usability and tolerability of PRET.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A 6-week, prospective study was conducted at our institution in 2024. We included both healthy subjects from our institution and patients from the neuro-ophthalmological clinic. Data on demographics, participants' perception, and evaluation of the assessment (measured using a visual analog scale [good, mediocre, poor]), the technician's impression of the device's technical performance, as well as the need for surveillance over the assessment, were obtained via a standardized questionnaire by the same technician. The study was approved by the ETH Zurich Ethics Commission (EK 2024-N-177) and informed consent was obtained.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 43 participants included in the study, of whom 39 were healthy subjects from our institution and 4 patients from our neuro-ophthalmological practice. Of the total cohort, 20 were women and the median age was 37 years (range 20 - 84). Overall, 86% of participants rated the device as good. Approximately 70% of participants reported no issues with the assessment, 6.2% perceived the exam as strenuous, and only one felt dizzy (without nausea) during the assessment. From a technician's perspective, PRET performed very well in most cases, with technical difficulties occurring during testing in 16% of cases and either before or after testing in 4% of cases. Of the participants, 49% were left with transient goggle marks after the examination, which was considered an acceptable adverse effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, neuro-ophthalmological assessment with PRET demonstrated promising results in terms of clinical practicability and patient tolerance. However, in its current form, PRET is not self-explanatory and requires supervised care by a technician. Further studies are needed to corroborate our findings in a patient-based cohort.</p>","PeriodicalId":17904,"journal":{"name":"Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde","volume":"242 4","pages":"495-497"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial.","authors":"Sandrine Zweifel","doi":"10.1055/a-2511-7122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2511-7122","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17904,"journal":{"name":"Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde","volume":"242 4","pages":"289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144002660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exit Strategy for Treatment of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration in a Real-World Setting: Wishful Thinking?","authors":"Michael Eastline, Sadiq Said, Martina Monika Bosch, Pascal Knecht-Bosch","doi":"10.1055/a-2511-5899","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2511-5899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To analyze our outcome for patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with aflibercept in a treat-and-extend regimen pursuing an exit strategy (with best possible adherence to the \"Bern\" exit criteria) over 6 years in a real-world setting. The primary objective of the study was to investigate the proportion of patients who were able to achieve and maintain treatment exit.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective chart review study of treatment-naïve patients diagnosed with nAMD receiving intravitreal aflibercept injections performed at our department with at least 2 years of follow-up visits. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients able to achieve and maintain the treatment exit regarding intravitreal anti-VEGF injections. Further outcome measures were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), incidence of recurrence after treatment cessation, duration of therapy, and number and intervals of injections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 31 eyes of 25 patients included in this retrospective study. The observation period was from September 1, 2017 to August 31, 2023. Of all included patient eyes, 22.6% (n = 7) reached exit criteria. Of all the \"exit\" patients, 28.6% (n = 2) suffered from disease relapse and therapy was restarted at a mean (± SD) of 41.5 ± 12.5 weeks (range: 29 to 54 weeks). Regarding the eyes that met treatment exit, 5 of 31 (16.1%) had no disease recurrence in the observed study period. The median BCVA (Snellen decimal; ± interquartile range: IQR) changed from 0.63 (0.27) at baseline to 0.63 (0.4) in the first year, 0.63 (0.3) in the second year, 0.63 (0.46) in the third year, 0.63 (0.3) in the fourth year, 0.63 (0.4) in the fifth year, and 0.4 (0.04) in the sixth year. The median number of injections (± IQR) per eye in the first year of treatment was 8 (2), in the second year 5 (2), in the third year 5 (2.5), in the fourth year 5 (1), in the fifth year 3 (0.8), and in the sixth year 3 (0). Extension of the treatment interval after the loading phase in weeks was achieved up to a median (± IQR) of 5.8 (4) in the first year, 8.4 (6) in the second year, 8 (5.7) in the third year, 9.4 (5.6) in the fourth year, 7 (6.9) in the fifth year, and 8.4 (3.1) in the sixth year of observation.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our study indicates a lower rate of patients reaching exit criteria with a treat-and-extend regimen compared to clinical study settings, and a similar recurrence rate of nAMD after treatment cessation. Nonadherence to a strict treat-and-extend protocol might influence the result.</p>","PeriodicalId":17904,"journal":{"name":"Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde","volume":" ","pages":"398-404"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Endothelial Cell Density after PreserFlo Implantation Compared to Contralateral Eyes without PreserFlo Implantation - A Retrospective Analysis.","authors":"Ellen Grobshäuser, Antonio Cunha Vaz Martinho, Zisis Gatzioufas, Pascal Hasler, Peter Maloca, Konstantin Gugleta","doi":"10.1055/a-2495-8580","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2495-8580","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Loss of corneal endothelial cells after glaucoma surgery can lead to corneal decompensation and reduced vision. This loss may be accelerated by drainage implants like PreserFlo, which allow controlled subconjunctival filtration. In a retrospective analysis, we examined its impact on corneal endothelial cell density (ECD).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Data from medical records for 94 eyes were retrospectively analyzed. This included 47 PreserFlo-operated eyes and 47 contralateral control eyes. Inclusion criteria were open-angle glaucoma, laser trabeculoplasty as the only prior glaucoma surgery, and a contralateral control eye without any previous glaucoma surgeries and without any relevant diseases. Only standalone procedures and pseudophakic eyes were considered. We included 48 eyes at 2 weeks (24 operated, 24 control eyes), 72 at 3 months (36 each), 34 at 1 year (17 each), and 36 at 3 years (18 each).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preoperatively, the 47 eyes that were planned for surgery had a mean ECD of 2141 ± 527 cells/mm², and the 47 control eyes had an ECD of 2114 ± 561 cells/mm². Two weeks postoperatively, ECD decreased by 5.4% in the operated eyes and increased by 1.1% in the control eyes. After 3 months, endothelial cell loss (ECL) was 3.6% (operated) and 1.9% (controls). After 1 year, ECL was 11.7% (operated) and 5.6% (controls); after 3 years it was 7.6% (operated) and 2.9% (controls). No significant differences in ECL dynamics between the operated and control eyes were detected by the analysis of variance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although there was a trend to accelerated ECL in operated eyes compared to controls, this difference was not significant. Overall, the Preserflo procedure appears safe as regards to its influence on endothelial cell count.</p>","PeriodicalId":17904,"journal":{"name":"Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde","volume":" ","pages":"392-397"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term Therapy Results of Topical Dorzolamide Treatment in Enhanced S-Cone Syndrome.","authors":"Dmitri Artemiev, Margarita G Todorova","doi":"10.1055/a-2495-8656","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2495-8656","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17904,"journal":{"name":"Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde","volume":" ","pages":"432-434"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Meningococcal Keratoconjunctivitis in an 11-Year-Old Child.","authors":"Dilsah Körpe, Walter Ferrini","doi":"10.1055/a-2493-8811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2493-8811","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17904,"journal":{"name":"Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde","volume":"242 4","pages":"316-317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144000337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}