Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture最新文献

{"title":"Optimization of flavonoid extraction from Tarocco orange (Citrus sinensis [L.] Osbeck) peel using supercritical CO₂ followed by ethanol: chemical composition, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities.","authors":"Jielin Luo, Yaokun Pang, Dan Liu, Jianxia Sun, Weibin Bai","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.70136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Blood orange peels represent an underutilized source of high-value flavonoids with broad bioactivities. Traditional single-extraction techniques for citrus flavonoids suffer from low efficiency due to polarity limitations, significantly restricting their industrial-scale development and application. As a result, there is an urgent need to develop green and efficient extraction processes to improve both the coverage and yield of citrus flavonoids.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study developed a two-step combined extraction process to obtain flavonoids from blood orange peels: supercritical CO₂ extraction (SCE) followed by residue ethanol extraction (REE). Response surface methodology with Box-Behnken design was employed to optimize key process parameters for maximizing extraction efficiency. Compared to traditional solvent extraction, this process exhibited the following advantages: (1) qualitative analysis by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry identified seven additional flavonoids in the two-step extract, revealing that SCE was primarily composed of low-polarity flavonoids, and REE was primarily composed of high-polarity flavonoids; (2) quantitative analysis by HPLC demonstrated that the two-step extraction significantly enhanced flavonoid content, with total flavonoids increasing by 11.75% and polymethoxyflavones rising by 19.55%; (3) antioxidant and antimicrobial analyses revealed the potent antioxidant capacity of REE extracts and the superior antimicrobial activity of SCE extracts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study innovatively developed a two-step combined extraction process for efficient stepwise enrichment of flavonoids with varying polarities from blood orange peel, significantly increasing the content of total flavonoids and polymethoxyflavones. For the first time, it elucidated the polarity complementarity between low-polarity SCE and high-polarity REE extracts, providing a novel strategy for polarity-targeted flavonoid utilization. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive study on selenium- and zinc-enriched duck embryo egg powder: component analysis, safety evaluation and prostate protection effect.","authors":"Pengkui Xia, Ruyang Wang, Dandan Ruan, Tao Hou","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.70169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Selenium and zinc elements have been proven to participate in immune regulation and infertility improvement. Their potential has been confirmed in in prostatitis and reproductive performance modulation. In this study, first the composition of selenium- and zinc-enriched duck embryo egg (SZDE) powder was analyzed, especially trace elements and oligopeptides. Secondly, acute toxicity was evaluated. A prostatitis rat model was constructed to explore the SZDE anti-inflammation effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Levels of selenium and zinc elements were much higher in SZDE than in normal eggs. SZDE showed no toxicity in male or female mice according to behavior and pathological parameters. Significant downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased androgens levels (P < 0.05) were found after the SZDE intervention. Prostatitis was significantly improved via inhibition of the MAPK/p38 pathway following SZDE treatment (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, these findings demonstrated the security and prostatitis regulation effect of SZDE, indicating that it might serve as a new dietary strategy for prostate health. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in physicochemical and functional properties of from-concentrate and not-from-concentrate apple pomace: an investigation based on different drying methods.","authors":"Mei Li, Xin Jin, Meilin Xian, Jingwei Liu, Yitong Xie, Qin Wang, Jinfeng Bi","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.70163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Apple pomace (AP), a byproduct of apple processing, is nutrient-rich, and its properties are influenced by both the quality of the apples and the juice extraction process. Drying technology can enhance its economic utilization. This study compared the effects of industrial drum drying (ID) and laboratory hot-air drying, heat pump drying and freeze drying (FD) on the physicochemical, functional and structural properties of from-concentrate AP (FC-AP) and not-from-concentrate AP (NFC-AP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that FC-AP had higher dietary fiber and pectin content, while NFC-AP exhibited better color, higher total sugar content and stronger antioxidant activity. Among the various drying techniques, the quality of pomace processed with ID was second only to that achieved with FD, which benefited from the short drying time of ID, at only 30 min (specific energy consumption of 4.88 kWh kg^-1). The ID-treated FC-AP exhibited a browning index of 57.50, total sugars of 266.49 g kg^-1, soluble dietary fiber of 79.11 g kg^-1, total phenols of 4.12 g kg^-1 and total flavonoids of 5.97 g kg^-1, along with the highest antioxidant activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The choice of apple juicing process significantly affects the physicochemical properties of AP, influencing its high-value utilization. In practical industrial production, ID-treated pomace balances pomace quality and economic costs, offering an advantageous solution for improving pomace utilization efficiency. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of fermented soybean meal on growth performance, antioxidant capacity and fecal microbiota of piglets.","authors":"Yutong Sun, Xueyuan Li, Jian Shen, Xuesong Han, Yingzhang Dong, Chengguo Sun, Longjuan Yang, Binhui Cao, Qiumei Li, Baoming Shi, Qingquan Ma","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.70170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dry-fermented soybean meal (DFSBM) and wet-fermented soybean meal (WFSBM) were evaluated as alternatives to conventional soybean meal in piglet diets, focusing on growth performance, antioxidant function and fecal microbiome modulation. A total of 225 male piglets (Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire)) aged 40 days with a body weight of 13.01 ± 0.19 kg were selected and randomly assigned to three groups: control group (CON) was fed a basal diet, whereas the DFSBM and WFSBM groups received diets with 8% conventional soybean meal replaced by DFSBM and WFSBM, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results indicated that both DFSBM and WFSBM increased nutrient digestibility of crude protein and crude fat in piglets, while WFSBM enhanced serum antioxidant capacity, including elevated levels of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and total antioxidant capacity. Additionally, WFSBM reduced serum blood urea nitrogen, alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase content, concurrently increasing serum immunoglobulin G levels. Analysis of 16S rRNA sequencing revealed significant differences in fecal microbiota diversity among groups, with Bacteroides, Vagococcus, Fournierella and Ruminiclostridium 9 identified as common differential genera between DFSBM/WFSBM and CON. DFSBM significantly reduced the relative abundance of Weissella, whereas WFSBM significantly increased Lactobacillus compared to DFSBM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The substitution of 8% WFSBM for conventional soybean meal exerts positive effects on animal health and fecal microbiota, with particularly noteworthy impacts on gut microbial diversity. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of foliar sodium selenite fertilization on oxidative stress and productivity in Olea europaea L., biofortification and quality of extra virgin olive oil.","authors":"Kellyn Klein, Maria V T Mariano, Pietro P M Duran, Thais Posser, Jeferson L Franco, Cimélio Bayer, Frederico C B Vieira","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.70164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fertilization of plants with selenium (Se) can enhance their resistance to abiotic stresses and improve human health and nutrition. However, Se fertilization in olive trees remains underexplored. This study evaluated the effect of foliar sodium selenite fertilization on leaf Se content, oxidative stress, olive tree productivity, biofortification of extra virgin olive oils (EVOO), and their physicochemical and antioxidant attributes in two mature 'Arbequina' olive orchards.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although Se application did not affect fruit productivity, Se doses were related directly to total Se content in leaves. A slight increase in Se levels in EVOO was observed at the highest dose of sodium selenite applied. Lower levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were observed in leaves fertilized with 150 and 100 mg Se dm^-3, after the first and second application, respectively. Application of Se had no clear effect on the physicochemical quality of olive oil or its antioxidant properties.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Selenium application was effective in increasing Se concentration in leaves; however, it proved insufficient to enhance Se content in EVOO. Sodium selenite at the applied doses influenced oxidative stress parameters, exhibiting both antioxidant and pro-oxidant effects over time. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145008375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of warm water soaking for raw rough rice on in vitro starch digestibility of cooked rice.","authors":"Sukanya Thuengtung, Yichen Ding, Sunantha Ketnawa, Yidi Cai, Ling Wang, Yukiharu Ogawa","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.70167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The present study investigated the influence of mild heat treatment on harvested raw rough rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Toyomeki) by warm water soaking at 65 °C with respect to the physicochemical properties and starch digestibility of cooked rice. Changes in color, texture, starch attributes and simulated in vitro digestibility were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that the b* value increased with a soaking duration, but the treated rice showed little change in the whiteness index value compared to untreated rice. No significant differences were also observed in the resistant starch content and kinetic constant. A positive correlation was found between firmness and adhesiveness of the cooked (P < 0.01). However, the treated rice showed a lower equilibrium level of starch hydrolysis than untreated rice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The application of mild heat soaking treatment for raw rough rice could be considered an effective technique to control the potential health-related properties of cooked rice. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145008361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma appearance and tissue distribution of astaxanthin isomers in male Sprague-Dawley rats after oral administration of Z-isomer-enriched astaxanthin esters through thermal treatment.","authors":"Mitsuya Ito, Antara Ghosh, Yasuhiro Nishida, Masaki Honda","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.70177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Astaxanthin Z-isomers have attracted much attention because recent studies have demonstrated that they exhibit greater bioavailability and biological activity than the naturally predominant all-E-isomer. However, the plasma appearance and tissue distribution of astaxanthin isomers when administered with a diet rich in astaxanthin Z-isomers are largely unknown. To understand the health benefits and safety of astaxanthin Z-isomers, it is important to study the in vivo kinetics of the isomers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Z-Isomer-enriched astaxanthin (the total Z-isomer ratio = 58.7%) esters derived from Haematococcus lacustris were fed to male rats, and the in vivo kinetics using single- and 14-day repeated-dose oral tests were investigated. In a single-dose study, (9Z)-astaxanthin appeared to be the fastest among the Z-isomers in the plasma, but its ratio decreased over time. In contrast, the 13Z-isomer in plasma gradually increased and became the most dominant Z-isomer 3 h after administration. After a 14-day repeated-dose oral test, astaxanthin isomers were detected in various tissues such as liver, prostate, and adipose tissues. The total Z-isomer ratio in the liver was the highest (61.1% ± 3.1%). The 13Z-isomer ratio was the highest in all tissues, and small amounts of 9Z-, 15Z-, and a few unknown Z-isomers were observed. The composition of the isomers differed greatly between tissues and diet (i.e., the most dominant Z-isomer in the diet was 9Z-isomer).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The absorption and accumulation efficiencies of astaxanthin differs between the Z-isomers, and several astaxanthin Z-isomers would be converted into other isomers or metabolites into other substances during the absorption and body circulation processes. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145008358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of continuous and pulsed light on the yield and phytochemical composition of Capsicum annuum L. cv. 'Padrón'.","authors":"Cinthia Nájera, Juan Díez-Piqueras, Victor M Gallegos-Cedillo, Almudena Giménez, Diego A Moreno, Margarita Ros, José Antonio Pascual","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.70161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) is of considerable socio-economic importance and is among the most widely cultivated vegetables worldwide, occupying more than 20 000 km². Light-emitting diodes (LEDs), applied in continuous or pulsed modes, can increase yield and improve the phytochemical composition in indoor production systems. However, effective methodologies to define the optimal LED spectrum for maximizing growth across the full cultivation cycle - from seedling to fruit production - under controlled photoperiod conditions (14 h light/10 h dark) with pulsed lighting are lacking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pepper crop performance was determined by seedling stem thickness, fruit fresh weight at harvest, and biomass development during the production stage. This was complemented by phytochemical analysis of the fruits (e.g., cinnamic acid derivatives and flavonoids). Full-spectrum LED lighting and pulsed light enhanced growth parameters in seedlings, increased phenol and flavonoid content in fruit, and improved photosynthetic activity in mature plants. In contrast, fruit yield (g per plant) and antioxidant capacity (FRAP) were significantly higher under a simple blue + red LED treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of full-spectrum LED lights enhanced the growth and quality of seedling pepper plants, potentially providing a competitive edge in the market. Simple LED spectra can yield more fruit and antioxidants, whereas complete spectra can boost bioactive compounds. Pulsed light lamps can result in reduced energy costs of production, which would also benefit the profitability and sustainability of the system. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morpho-physiological and agronomic responses of wheat varieties under artificial shade in agroforestry systems.","authors":"Anna Panozzo, Pranay Kumar Bolla, Giuseppe Barion, Giovanna Visioli, Teofilo Vamerali","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.70157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Solar radiation is a primary constraint in silvoarable agroforestry, with yield losses near the trees well documented in temperate climates. However, genetic variability for shade tolerance remains largely unexplored. This 2-year field trial investigated the impact of artificial shading - using nets that reduced photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) by moderate (-30%) and severe (-50%) levels relative to full sun - on the morpho-physiology and yield of common wheat. During the first growing season, three varieties were evaluated: the modern variety, Bologna, and two old, tall varieties, Piave and Terminillo. In the second season, only Bologna was retested under the same shading treatments, to further assess its performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Shading treatments delayed crop phenology from heading onward. They were associated with a prolonged canopy stay-green, with effects accentuated by increasing shading severity. In the first year, moderate shading increased Bologna's grain yield by 8% (P ≤ 0.05) and raised protein content by 0.7%. In the second year, drier conditions and reduced radiation from March-June - causing more severe limitation of PAR, the amount of sunlight available for photosynthesis - led to a 40% yield loss. Old varieties suffered yield reductions due to lodging (-43% in Terminillo, -66% in Piave), yet showed notable increases in mineral content (up to +48% Mg in Piave) and grain protein (+1.7% in Terminillo and +3.4% in Piave). Under shaded conditions, increased gliadin content led to enhanced gluten accumulation, potentially improving dough extensibility.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although nets can mimic shading in wheat effectively, these results highlight the need to extend varietal screening to identify suitable genotypes and key morpho-physiological traits to optimize wheat cultivation in shaded environments such as agroforestry systems, with further validation in specific emerging models. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exogenous Fe(II) enhanced iron plaque formation influences the adsorption and immobilization of Cd in rice root.","authors":"Peng Zeng, Qiong Chen, Hang Zhou, Xia Zhou, Wentao Yang, Guangming Huang, Jiaofeng Gu, Bohan Liao","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.70159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Iron plaque on the rice rhizoplane could potentially prevent cadmium (Cd) entry into plant roots. A hydroponic experiment was conducted to study the morphological characteristics and mineral compositions of iron plaque, Cd immobilization mechanism by iron plaque, and its effect on Cd uptake and transport in rice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exogenous divalent iron ion (Fe(II)) could induce the formation of deep-red iron plaque on rice rhizoplane, which primarily consisted of ferrihydrite, goethite, hematite, iron phosphate, and iron sulfate compounds. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction indicated that the conversion of Fe(II) into ferric ion (Fe(III)) during the formation of iron plaque could promote the adsorption and immobilization of Cd in iron plaque. Meanwhile, Cd content in amorphous and crystalline fractions of iron plaque increased by 29.9-97.3% and 13.6-97.9%, respectively, during the formation of iron plaque. Correlation analysis indicated that fractions of amorphous and crystalline Fe might effectively combine with Cd in the iron plaque on rice rhizoplane. Furthermore, the content of Cd in the above-ground parts of rice decreased by 2.75-35.2% during the formation of iron plaque. Also, the translocation factors of Cd from rice roots to shoots showed a gradually decreasing trend with increasing Fe(II) concentration in the solution.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cd could be effectively adsorbed on iron plaque and immobilized on rice rhizoplane, thus further reducing the transport of Cd from roots to the above-ground parts in rice. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}