Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care最新文献

{"title":"Retrospective evaluation of traumatic pneumomediastinum in dogs and cats (2005–2022): 52 cases","authors":"Sigal Klainbart DVM, MVPH, DACVECC, DECVECC,&nbsp;Anna Shipov DVM, PHD, DECVS,&nbsp;Daliya Tygiel DVM,&nbsp;Gilad Segev DVM, DECVIM,&nbsp;Efrat Kelmer DVM, MS, DACVECC, DECVECC","doi":"10.1111/vec.13384","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13384","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe the incidence, etiology, clinical signs, diagnostics, treatments, and outcome of noniatrogenic traumatic pneumomediastinum (TPM) in dogs and cats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective study of cases (2005–2022).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Setting</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>University veterinary teaching hospital.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty-two patients (29 dogs, 23 cats).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Measurements and Main Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data collected from the medical records included signalment, physical examination findings, animal trauma triage (ATT) score, clinicopathological data, imaging data, surgical intervention, length of hospitalization, supportive care, complications, and outcome. Most dogs presented with tachycardia and tachypnea, while cats presented with hypothermia and tachypnea. Subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax, and dyspnea were the most common clinical signs for both species. The median calculated ATT score was 3.5 in dogs and 4 in cats. The most common radiographic abnormalities other than pneumomediastinum were pneumothorax and lung contusions. The overall mortality rate was 18%, with a significantly higher survival rate in dogs (26/28 dogs [93%], 15/22 cats (68%); <i>P</i> = 0.03). Outcome was unknown in 1 dog and 1 cat. The only significant difference in treatment between survivors and nonsurvivors was the requirement in dogs for positive pressure ventilation. The median hospitalization period was 2 days for both species, with a shorter hospitalization in the nonsurvivors (0.6 vs 2 days, respectively; <i>P</i> = 0.006).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TPM is an infrequent pathology in veterinary medicine and may be seen without an externally obvious injury. The most common causes for TPM in dogs were vehicular trauma and bite wounds, while high-rise syndrome was the most common cause in cats. Most of the cases have concurrent pneumothorax and require thoracocentesis; however, direct intervention to treat TPM is not usually required. The vast majority of cases did not undergo surgery to treat TPM. The prognosis for dogs with TPM was good but was guarded for cats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 3","pages":"268-276"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140900521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective evaluation of the prevalence and risk factors associated with red blood cell transfusions in cats with urethral obstruction (2009–2019): 575 cases","authors":"Francesca P. Solari DVM,&nbsp;Megan A. Mickelson DVM, DACVS,&nbsp;James Bilof DVM,&nbsp;Adesola Odunayo DVM, MS, DACVECC,&nbsp;Jourdan B. McPhetridge DVM,&nbsp;Valery F. Scharf DVM, MS, DACVS,&nbsp;Lingnan Yuan,&nbsp;Jonathan P. Mochel DVM, MSc, PhD, DECVPT,&nbsp;Rebecca A. Walton DVM, DACVECC","doi":"10.1111/vec.13378","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13378","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To evaluate the prevalence of red blood cell (RBC) transfusions and factors associated with the need for transfusion in cases of feline urethral obstruction (FUO). Secondarily, to compare survival to discharge in cats receiving an RBC transfusion versus those that did not.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Design&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Retrospective, multi-institutional study from 2009 to 2019.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Setting&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Four university teaching hospitals.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Animals&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Six hundred twenty-two total occurrences of FUO in 575 cats.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Interventions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;None.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Measurements and Main Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for pertinent information. The overall prevalence of severe anemia (PCV &lt; 0.20 L/L [&lt;20%]) at presentation was 1.0% (6/622). The prevalence of RBC transfusions during hospitalization was 2.1% (13/622). Cats that received an RBC transfusion weighed significantly less than those that did not (4.9 vs 5.8 kg; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.034) and had a lower PCV at presentation (0.30 L/L [30%] vs 0.41 L/L [41%]; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). Hospitalization time (240 vs 72 h) and indwelling urinary catheter time (168 vs 48 h) were significantly longer in cats receiving a transfusion compared with those that did not (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). Creatinine concentrations were not significantly associated with transfusion administration, while BUN was higher in cats receiving a transfusion (15.35 mmol/L [43 mg/dL] vs. 11.78 mmol/L [33 mg/dL]; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.043). Transfusion rates were significantly higher in cats undergoing perineal urethrostomy (5.5%) compared with those that did not undergo surgery (0.97%; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). The overall survival to discharge rate was 96%. Cats not receiving an RBC transfusion were significantly more likely to survive to discharge than those that did (odds ratio: 14.7, 95% confidence interval: 1.8–37; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;FUO is rarely associated with severe anemia and the need for RBC transfusions. In this study, cats receiving an RBC transfusion were less likely to survive to discharge; therefore, requiring a blood transfusion may be associated with a worse prognosis. In addition, the need for surgical intervention was associated with a higher prevalence of RBC transfusi","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 3","pages":"262-267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140905250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful treatment of bifenthrin toxicosis using therapeutic plasma exchange","authors":"Alyson H. Fitzgerald DVM,&nbsp;Rebecca K. Davies DVM, DACVECC,&nbsp;Yuntao Zhang PhD,&nbsp;Steve Ensley PhD, DVM,&nbsp;Scott Fritz DVM, DABVT","doi":"10.1111/vec.13377","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13377","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe a case of bifenthrin toxicosis in a dog with a successful outcome following the use of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) and intralipid therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An 8-month-old female neutered poodle mix dog ingested an unknown amount of powered bifenthrin, which resulted in acutely altered mentation, cranial nerve deficits, and intractable tremors that persisted in severity despite aggressive medical management to include intravenous fluids, intravenous lipid emulsion, anticonvulsant medications, and methocarbamol. TPE was initiated after lack of significant clinical improvement 12 hours after initial presentation. The dog underwent cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) following approximately 1 plasma volume equivalent exchange. The dog was successfully resuscitated and showed marked improvement 12 hours postarrest and post-TPE treatment. Serum bifenthrin concentrations were analyzed prior to TPE (445.38 ng/mL) and ∼10 hours after TPE (51.18 ng/mL), which resulted in an 89% reduction in serum bifenthrin concentration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> New Information</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TPE may be a promising adjunctive therapeutic modality for bifenthrin toxicosis in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 3","pages":"291-295"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140871665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective evaluation of the respiratory rate–oxygenation index to predict the outcome of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in dogs (2018–2021): 81 cases","authors":"Logan Eicher DVM,&nbsp;Anda A. Young DVM, MS, DACVECC,&nbsp;Leanna Hoover DVM,&nbsp;Kendon W. Kuo DVM, MS, DACVECC,&nbsp;Jiwoong Her DVM, MS, DACVECC","doi":"10.1111/vec.13373","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13373","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the respiratory rate–oxygenation index (ROX), modified ROX index (ROX-HR), and the ratio of pulse oximetry saturation (Sp<span>o</span>₂) to Fi<span>o</span>₂ (SF) to determine if these indices over time are predictive of outcome in dogs treated with high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Setting</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two university teaching hospitals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eighty-one client-owned dogs treated with HFNC for hypoxemic respiratory failure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Interventions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>None.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Measurements and Main Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The ROX was defined as the SF divided by the respiratory rate (RR), and the ROX-HR was defined as the ROX divided by the heart rate multiplied by 100. The overall success rate of HFNC was 44% (<i>n</i> = 36/81). Dogs weaned from HFNC had a significantly higher ROX (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.0001) at 1–3, 5–10, 12, and 15 hours than dogs that failed HFNC. Both the ROX and SF showed excellent discriminatory power in predicting HFNC failure at 6 hours, with an area under receiver operating curve of 0.85 (95% confidence interval: 0.72–0.99; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.002) and 0.86 (95% confidence interval: 0.73–0.99; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), respectively. The optimal cutoff values for predicting HFNC failure at 6 hours were a ROX ≤3.68 (sensitivity 72%, specificity 92%) and an SF ≤143 (sensitivity 79%, specificity 93%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results suggest that similar to people, the ROX and SF are useful predictors of HFNC failure. These indices are easy to measure at the bedside and may have clinical use. Future prospective studies are warranted to confirm the findings and to optimize cutoff values in a larger population of dogs undergoing HFNC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 3","pages":"252-261"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140873748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical pneumonitis secondary to accidental pulmonary polyethylene glycol–electrolyte solution infusion in a cat","authors":"Alicia Mastrocco DVM, DACVECC,&nbsp;Jennifer Prittie DVM, DACVIM, DACVECC,&nbsp;Ann Marie Zollo DVM, DACVECC","doi":"10.1111/vec.13380","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13380","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe the successful conservative management of chemical pneumonitis and presumed acute respiratory distress syndrome in a cat secondary to inadvertent pulmonary polyethylene glycol–electrolyte solution (PEG-ELS) instillation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PEG-ELS is commonly used in small animals for bowel cleansing and to treat constipation. There have been several instances of aspiration or accidental instillation of this solution into the lungs of both people and dogs. PEG-ELS was inadvertently infused into the lungs of the cat in the current report. After 10 days in the ICU, during which time treatment with oxygen therapy, antibiosis, diuretics, and corticosteroids was provided, the cat was successfully discharged.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> New or Unique Information Provided</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of instillation of PEG-ELS in a cat resulting in chemical pneumonitis and lung injury. We describe the successful management of this condition with conservative management and without the need for invasive interventions such as bronchoscopy and lavage or mechanical ventilation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 3","pages":"296-301"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140874323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information - Prelim","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/vec.13304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vec.13304","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 2","pages":"92-95"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/vec.13304","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140333254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A proof-of-concept study evaluating cardiac compression techniques for cardiopulmonary resuscitation in laying hens (Gallus gallus)","authors":"Jessica Eisenbarth DVM, DACVECC,&nbsp;Charles O. Cummings DVM,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Rozanski DVM, DACVIM, DACVECC,&nbsp;Emily Karlin DVM, DACVIM,&nbsp;John Rush DVM, DACVIM, DACVECC","doi":"10.1111/vec.13369","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13369","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine in adult chickens which of 3 CPR techniques, sternal compressions (SC), SC with interposed caudal coelomic compressions (ICCC), or lateral compressions (LC), results in the highest mean systolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) as measured directly from the carotid artery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospective, nonblinded, experimental crossover study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Setting</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>University teaching hospital laboratory.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ten retired laying hens.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Interventions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Birds were sedated, anesthetized, and placed in dorsal recumbency. A carotid artery catheter was placed to directly measure arterial pressure. Ventricular fibrillation was induced with direct cardiac stimulation using a 9-Volt battery. Each bird then received 2 minutes of the 3 different cardiac compression techniques in a random order by 3 different compressors, with the compressor order also randomized. Birds were subsequently administered IV epinephrine, and transthoracic defibrillation was attempted. At the end of experimentation, each bird was euthanized, and simple gross necropsies were performed. Linear mixed models followed by pairwise paired <i>t</i>-tests were performed to evaluate differences in pressures generated by each technique.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Measurements and Main Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The primary study outcomes were SAP, DAP, and MAP over 2 minutes of compressions for each compression technique. Pressures from ICCC (SAP: 27.6 ± 5.3 mm Hg, DAP: 18.7 ± 5.2 mm Hg, MAP: 21.7 ± 5.2 mm Hg) were significantly higher than those from LC (SAP: 18.9 ± 5.4 mm Hg, DAP: 11.6 ± 4.1 mm Hg, MAP: 14.1 ± 4.5 mm Hg). Pressures from SC (SAP: 24.5 ± 6.4 mm Hg, DAP: 15.2 ± 4.3 mm Hg, MAP: 18.3 ± 5.0 mm Hg) were not significantly different from ICCC or LC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>External compressions can generate detectable increases in arterial pressure in chickens with ventricular fibrillation. SC with ICCC generated significantly higher arterial pressures than LC. SC alone generated blood pressures that were not significantly different from those generated by SC with ICCC or LC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 2","pages":"135-142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140208458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of FreeStyle Libre for continuous glucose monitoring in adult horses","authors":"Rafael Françoso DVM, MsC, PhD,&nbsp;Raquel Y. Baccarin DVM, MsC, PhD,&nbsp;Renata F. de Siqueira DVM, MsC, PhD,&nbsp;Carla B. Belli DVM, MsC, PhD","doi":"10.1111/vec.13367","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13367","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To evaluate the feasibility of using the FreeStyle Libre (a continuous glucose monitoring system [CGMS]) for instantaneous continuous monitoring of interstitial glucose in adult horses and examine the applicability and accuracy of this system in horses submitted to combined glucose–insulin test (CGIT).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Design&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Laboratory measurements and continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) readings were analyzed using a 2 × 2 factorial statistical model with repeated measures over time. This analysis assessed the effects of the test (factor 1), group (factor 2), and their interactions (test × group, test × time, and group × time). Pearson's correlation analysis was applied to blood glucose values. Mean comparisons were conducted using the &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt;-test, and agreement between techniques was assessed via the Bland–Altman method, with a 95% confidence interval.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Setting&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Field study on private horse farms in association with a veterinary school.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Animals&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Ten healthy stallions were assigned to one of two groups based on their body condition scores (BCS). Group 1 (G1, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 5) consisted of nonobese horses with a BCS of 5 or 6, while Group 2 (G2, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 5) consisted of obese horses with a BCS of 7 or higher.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Interventions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A CGMS sensor was attached to the dorsolateral aspect of the proximal one third of each horse's neck. Laboratory blood glucose measurements and CGMS interstitial glucose readings were compared at different time points for up to 7 days after sensor fixation. Obese horses were also submitted to CGIT on Day 4.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Measurements and Main Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A comparative analysis of glucose measurements obtained in G1 and G2 horses using the CGMS and enzymatic methods revealed significant group × time interactions (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) and time effects (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). No interactions were detected between group (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.45), test (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.62), group and test (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.28), or time and test (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.92). In G1 and G2, tests were significantly correlated (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.84 and &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.00) at all time points (T0–T5). Agreement between the glucose values obtained using different methods was excellent despite a small time delay in CGMS detection of rapid changes in blood glucose.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 2","pages":"123-130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140066305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance evaluation of a Test&Treat rapid detection kit for the diagnosis of septic effusions in dogs and cats","authors":"Noël K. Vezzi DVM,&nbsp;Selena L. Lane DVM, DACVECC,&nbsp;Britt A. Thevelein DVM, DACVECC,&nbsp;Benjamin M. Brainard VMD, DACVAA, DACVECC","doi":"10.1111/vec.13372","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13372","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a veterinary point-of-care (POC) luminometer-based kit for the diagnosis of septic peritoneal or pleural effusion in dogs and cats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospective study performed between January 2020 and July 2021.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Setting</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>University teaching hospital.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty-eight animals with naturally occurring peritoneal or pleural effusion collected by aseptic abdominocentesis or thoracocentesis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Procedures</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Effusion samples were split into filtered (using a 10-micron filter) and unfiltered aliquots and analyzed by the POC instrument according to the manufacturer's instructions and following variable incubation periods. Samples were also plated aerobically on standard and blood agar plates. Proprietary reagents were added to samples, causing bacterial ATP to generate bioluminescence that is detected by the luminometer. Bioluminescence values (relative light units [RLUs]) were recorded and compared with the presence of bacterial growth on the culture plates. Nucleated cell counts in native and filtered effusion samples were recorded.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-one samples were septic based on positive culture. RLUs were higher in septic effusions for filtered and native effusions compared with sterile effusions. The use of a filter reduced cell counts. In filtered samples incubated for 30 minutes before testing, the sensitivity and specificity of the luminometer for diagnosis of infection in cavitary effusions were 81% and 82%, respectively, using a cutoff of 12,202 RLUs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The luminometer kit evaluated in this study represents a viable screening tool for diagnosis of septic cavitary effusions and could be used in conjunction with other POC diagnostics to support the rapid diagnosis of infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 2","pages":"110-115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/vec.13372","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140013782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent episodes of oral mite anaphylaxis in a dog","authors":"Michelle K. Beehler DVM,&nbsp;Meagan R. Painter DVM, DACVD,&nbsp;Courtney M. Peck DVM, DACVECC","doi":"10.1111/vec.13371","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13371","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe the clinical presentation and response to management of a dog with presumed oral mite anaphylaxis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 2-year-old male intact Golden Retriever was evaluated for a history of recurrent anaphylactic episodes. Over a period of 19 months, the dog had a total of 8 anaphylactic episodes that occurred in 2 different residences within the same state. The episodes most commonly resulted in vomiting and labored breathing, but the dog developed ascites, hypotension, and gall bladder wall edema during the most severe episodes. Serological testing demonstrated high immunoglobulin E levels to storage mites (SMs), specifically <i>Tyrophagus</i> SM. The dog's kibble was transitioned to being stored in small quantities in airtight containers in the freezer. At the time of publication, the dog has not had an anaphylactic reaction since making this change 1 year ago.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> New or Unique Information Provided</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on a literature search and to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time that SMs have been associated with severe recurrent anaphylaxis in a dog.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 2","pages":"199-202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}