Journal of Wildlife Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2 Experimental Infection in Snowshoe Hares (Lepus americanus).","authors":"Angela M Bosco-Lauth, Stephanie M Porter, Rachel M Maison, Karen A Fox, Jeffrey M Marano, Jacob S Ivan, Karen Griffin, Marissa Quilici, J Jeffrey Root","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00141","DOIUrl":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2) is an emerging virus of lagomorphs, with an extremely high mortality rate. Outbreaks of RHDV2 have been reported in domestic and wild European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and wild lagomorphs globally, with the recent emergence and establishment of RHDV2 in the USA in 2018 and 2020, respectively. Here, we describe experimental infections in snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus), a species of conservation interest in the US. In this pilot study that took place January-April 2022, six hares were orally exposed to infectious virus and monitored for clinical signs and viral shedding for 2 wk. Snowshoe hares were relatively resistant to disease, with no hares succumbing to lethal infection during the experimental time frame (14 d) and animals showing histopathologic evidence of recovery from hepatic injury. Liver samples collected postmortem and pooled fecal samples collected daily were PCR positive for RHDV2, indicating that the hares were indeed infected and shedding viral particles. The majority of hares (5/6) seroconverted by the end of the study. These findings suggest that snowshoe hares are susceptible to RHDV2 and can potentially shed virus onto the landscape, but are less likely to be affected clinically than certain other species of lagomorph.</p>","PeriodicalId":17602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"674-684"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feline Leukemia Virus in Free-ranging Neotropical Wild Felids and in Domestic Cats Found Inside Protected Areas within Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.","authors":"José Reck, Greice Zorzato Gonchoroski, Lauren Santos de Mello, Vinicius Proença da Silveira, Vagner Ricardo Lunge, Carlos Benhur Kasper, Márcia Jardim, Tatiane C Trigo","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00136","DOIUrl":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) are retroviruses that cause severe diseases in domestic cats. Recently, they have emerged as a concern for wild felids. The aim of this study was to evaluate the exposure to feline retroviruses in free-ranging Neotropical wild felids from southern Brazil. A total of 48 road-killed wild felids belonging to three species were sampled: Geoffroy's cat (Leopardus geoffroyi), margay (Leopardus wiedii), and Southern tiger cat (Leopardus guttulus). In addition, 28 domestic cats found inside protected areas were investigated. Both the wild and domestic felids were tested for the presence of FeLV and FIV with lateral flow immunoassay (LFA) and molecular methods. Three wild felids (two Geoffroy's cats and one margay) were positive to FeLV by LFA (antigen), PCR (proviral DNA), and quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (viral RNA). From the 28 free-roaming domestic cats sampled inside protected areas, 10 (35%) were positive for FeLV. None of the domestic or wild felids were positive for FIV. In addition to the occurrence of FeLV in two species of free-ranging Neotropical felids, FeLV-positive domestic cats appear to be relatively common in protected areas from southern Brazil, posing an important risk of FeLV transmission to threatened wild felids inside those areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":17602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"708-713"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Giant Anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) in Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil.","authors":"Mariana Pereira Alexandre, Camila Vêber de Souza, Letícia da Silva Ferreira Ribeiro Mathias, Raffaela Nogueira Bernardo, Vinícius Oliveira Batista, Leila Sabrina Ullmann, Débora Regina Yogui, Mario Henrique Alves, Danilo Kluyber, Mayara Grego Caiaffa, Arnaud Leonard Jean Desbiez, Roberta Lemos Freire, Rafaela Maria Boson Jurkevicz, Luiz Daniel de Barros, Juliana Arena Galhardo","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00151","DOIUrl":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Surveillance is an important component of One Health; however, disease surveillance in wild animals is hindered by challenges in obtaining and preserving adequate biological samples from free-ranging animals. The protozoan Toxoplasma gondii is the etiologic agent causing toxoplasmosis, a worldwide zoonosis with a high prevalence in Brazil. There is limited literature on toxoplasmosis in giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla); therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of T. gondii in M. tridactyla from midwest Brazil. Blood samples from 71 free-ranging animals from the Cerrado (n=65) and Pantanal (n=6) biomes in Mato Grosso do Sul state, were collected from 2016 to 2021, as part of Wild Animals Conservation Institute (ICAS) studies. A modified agglutination test was used to detect anti-T. gondii antibodies. Overall, 62% (44/71) of free-ranging anteaters tested positive, with titers ranging from 16 to 4,096, confirming exposure of giant anteaters in this area of Brazil to T. gondii. Anti-T. gondii antibodies were detected in anteaters from both the Pantanal wetland and Cerrado savanna biomes, indicating the presence of T. gondii in both.</p>","PeriodicalId":17602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"719-725"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144199545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycoplasma bovis Outbreak and Maintenance of Subclinical Infections in An Exposed Cohort of Juvenile American Bison (Bison bison).","authors":"Danielle E Buttke, Katie Schwartz, Erin Schwalbe, Halcyon Killion, Kerry S Sondgeroth, Bryan S Kaplan, Jennifer L Malmberg","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00117","DOIUrl":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The American bison (Bison bison) is an ecologically, economically, and culturally significant species that is exceptionally vulnerable to disease caused by Mycoplasma bovis. In contrast to livestock in which M. bovis is one of many infectious agents comprising the bovine respiratory disease complex, infection in bison is characterized by severe pneumonia and potential for systemic disease in the absence of coinfecting pathogens. In bison, morbidity and mortality are highest in adult cows, whereas calves and yearlings infrequently present with clinical disease. The infection dynamics of M. bovis in young bison exposed during an outbreak have not been fully characterized. Herein, we describe a severe outbreak of M. bovis in a closed, extensively managed herd from which we established a cohort of young bison for longitudinal observation, sampling, and testing. Our findings indicate that M. bovis can colonize the nasopharynx of calves and yearlings during an outbreak, often without causing apparent clinical signs. Although some animals cleared the infection during a 12-mo follow-up study, others remained PCR and culture positive, highlighting the potential for asymptomatic carriage in bison calves as a source of subsequent outbreaks. Using a paired swabbing approach, we show that sampling the superficial nasal cavity is adequate for detection of M. bovis during an outbreak. Over time, however, deep sampling of the nasopharynx is necessary to maximize detection of subclinical infections. Uncertainty in detection using PCR on nasal swab samples can complicate herd assessments and limit the ability to fully assess risk. This study emphasizes the difficulty of identifying chronic carriers following an outbreak and underscores the need for further research to inform M. bovis management and minimize risk in the sensitive and iconic American bison.</p>","PeriodicalId":17602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"563-573"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144007300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bovine Coronavirus and SARS-CoV-2 in Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) in Southern Bavaria, Germany: Genomic Evidence in Individual Cases.","authors":"Lorena Herrmann, Katharina Schneider, Angela Hafner-Marx, Natali Paravinja, Isabella Dzijan, Gabriela Knubben-Schweizer, Antonie Neubauer-Juric","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00189","DOIUrl":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronaviruses are known for their potential to cross species barriers, based on high mutation rates and interstrain recombinations. The emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as a bidirectional zoonotic pathogen in 2019 is only one of many examples. Given the detection of SARS-CoV-2 with a high prevalence in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in 2020 in North America, the importance of monitoring for SARS-CoV-2 infections in a broad spectrum of animal species, including additional cervids, grew considerably. Therefore, we analyzed samples from red deer (Cervus elaphus), collected in southern Bavaria between May 2021 and February 2023, for genomic evidence of SARS-CoV-2 and bovine coronavirus (BCoV). The latter has been previously shown to infect wild mammals, including deer species. In 727 colon tissue samples and 807 upper respiratory tract swabs respective genomes were detected rarely and in low genome copy numbers only. Bovine coronavirus sequences were detected in six upper respiratory tract swabs (0.74%) and 10 colon tissue samples (1.38%). Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 sequences were detected in one colon tissue sample from an adult female individual. It appears that red deer in Bavarian alpine regions rarely carry viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and BCoV. Furthermore, none of the samples showed any indication of a coinfection with both viruses, which putatively could trigger recombination and in consequence the emergence of new viruses.</p>","PeriodicalId":17602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"760-766"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144120018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Impact of Toxoplasma gondii in Endangered Eastern Barred Bandicoots (Perameles gunnii) on Phillip and French Islands, Australia.","authors":"Michael Lynch, K L D Tharaka D Liyanage, Andrew Stent, Duncan R Sutherland, Amy Coetsee, Katherine Adriaanse, Abdul Jabbar, Jasmin Hufschmid","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00152","DOIUrl":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Some Australian marsupial species are believed to have a high likelihood of death following infection with the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. The impacts of T. gondii on free-ranging marsupial populations have not, however, been well demonstrated, with most studies only reporting seroprevalence. This parameter alone does not allow assessment of the impact of infection and may underestimate the incidence of exposure in species highly susceptible to fatal disease. We used multiple diagnostic methods on two free-ranging eastern barred bandicoots (Perameles gunni) populations and one long-nosed potoroo (Potorous tridactylus) population to assess the impacts of T. gondii. Animals had their serological status to T. gondii determined using the modified agglutination test (MAT). Three MAT-positive results were returned from 212 bandicoot blood samples collected from 159 individuals, whereas 16.7% (7/42) potoroos were MAT positive. Animals available for necropsy underwent histopathologic examination and had tissues tested for T. gondii by quantitative PCR (qPCR). Toxoplasmosis was diagnosed by histopathology in 13.1% (18/137) of bandicoots, and more than half of these animals had severe disease. Positive qPCR results were returned in 19.2% (37/193) of bandicoots and 12.5% 7/56) of potoroos. The high prevalence of T. gondii infection demonstrated by qPCR and the observation that >50% of histopathology-positive bandicoots had severe toxoplasmosis demonstrates that infection is an issue of population importance. This result, coupled with the low number of MAT-positive bandicoots detected, suggests that eastern barred bandicoots are highly likely to die within weeks of exposure to T. gondii, before immunoglobulin G antibodies are formed. This contrasts with sympatric potoroos, assumed to be exposed to T. gondii with comparable frequency to bandicoots. The potoroos showed a T. gondii antibody prevalence similar to their qPCR antigen prevalence, suggesting survival after infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":17602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"654-662"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathologic and Parasitologic Findings of Free-Ranging Yacare Caiman (Caiman yacare) in the Brazilian Pantanal.","authors":"Leonardo L Gorza, Ellen C Oliveira, Sóstenes A C Marcelino, Yhuri C Nóbrega, Hudson A Pinto, Guilherme C Tavares, Marcelo P N Carvalho, Marcelo R D Santos, Marcos E Coutinho, Robert J Ossiboff, Felipe Pierezan","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00102","DOIUrl":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Periods of drought have been observed in the Brazilian Pantanal for several decades, typically occurring from May to November. These droughts impact the conservation of thousands of species, including the yacare caiman (Caiman yacare). This study aimed to describe the pathologic and parasitologic findings from postmortem examinations of free-ranging yacare caimans to provide insights regarding the influence of extreme drought on the health of this species. In total, 13 caimans were necropsied, representing deaths during a period of extreme drought (October 2021, 12 individuals) and a period of typical rainfall (October 2022, 1 individual). The main lesions identified in the respiratory tract included pulmonary granulomas (10/13, 77%), tracheal granulomas (8/13, 61.6%), tracheal pentastomids (5/13, 38.5%), and pulmonary pentastomids (3/13, 23.1%). The main lesions identified in the gastrointestinal tract included lesions caused by helminthiasis (Nematoda and Acanthocephala: 10/13, 77%), granulomas (5/13, 38.5%,), and intestinal hemorrhage (2/13, 15.4%). Other findings included myocardial granulomas, bacterial endocarditis, and unidentified helminths within renal tubules. Five helminth species were morphologically identified: the intestinal acanthocephalan Polyacanthorhynchus rhopalorhynchus, the respiratory pentastomids Alofia platycephala and Leiperia gracilis, the gastric nematode Ortleppascaris alata, and the intestinal nematode Micropleura vazi. The increased number of reported deaths and the consistent identification of parasite-associated lesions in the necropsied caimans from 2021 suggests an association between extreme drought, parasite infections, and the health status of yacare caiman.</p>","PeriodicalId":17602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"685-693"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144127995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Affinity of Eleven Commercial Conjugates for Use in Serologic Assays for Wild Rodents and Shrews.","authors":"Miriam Maas, Ankje de Vries, Hein Sprong","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00119","DOIUrl":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Serologic assays are important tools for detecting the presence of antibodies that are indicative of past and ongoing infections. For wildlife, species-specific conjugates, which are used as detection antibodies in primary binding assays, are not available for most species. In these cases, conjugates for closely related species or immunoglobulin-binding proteins are frequently used. These are often not validated and their low functional affinity may result in false-negative results. We tested 11 commercial conjugates, including protein G and species- or family-specific secondary conjugated antibodies, on eight rodent and two insectivore species (shrews). Using direct ELISAs, between-species and within-species differences in the functional affinity of the conjugates were assessed. Large differences in antibody binding of the conjugates were observed. Some conjugates were species-specific, binding only to antibodies from one species, whereas others were able to bind across a broad range of species. The strength of the antibody-conjugate interaction varied between species and sometimes within species. In general, stronger antibody-conjugate interactions were observed for rodent species than for shrews. Our study underlines the importance of confirming species-specific functional affinity of a conjugate, even if the conjugate is known to bind to antibodies of a closely related species.</p>","PeriodicalId":17602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"694-699"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mass Mortality in Migrating American Robins (Turdus migratorius) in Virginia, USA: Data Beyond a Diagnosis.","authors":"Karen E Powers, E Haley Olsen-Hodges, Sara O'Brien, Stephen A Smith, Jamie K Lau, Liliana G Dailey, Bianca A Plowman, Tessa K Harmon, Robert R Sheehy, Matthew T Close, Katie E Wheeler","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00148","DOIUrl":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While investigating an American Robin (Turdus migratorius) mass mortality event in February-March 2022 in southwestern Virginia (USA), we collected parasites, investigated gizzard contents, and described flock demographics. We recovered ectoparasites (ticks, mites, lice) from 32/83 (38.7%) individuals. Ten of 83 (12.0%) American Robins presented with scaly mites (Knemidocoptes) and varying levels of disfiguring keratin growth on their legs. We report that 57.1% of individuals harbored endoparasites and 90% of intact ventriculi contained seeds, pulp, or husks from American holly (Ilex opaca) berries. Although we were unable to test the berries directly, these findings lend credence to the conclusion that these birds died from consuming fermented holly berries. This mortality event provided an unusually large sample no longer collected systematically and provided baseline natural history data for a common migratory species. These data are valuable to researchers exploring changes in flock dynamics and parasite load due to contemporary stressors such as habitat and microhabitat modifications caused by anthropogenic impacts like climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":17602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"619-627"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity of Tick Species and Tick-borne Pathogens Hosted by Urban and Suburban European Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) in France.","authors":"Isabelle Defosseux, Clotilde Rouxel, Clémence Galon, Valérie Poux, Pascal Arné, Cécile Le Barzic, Anne-Claire Lagrée, Nadia Haddad, Pierre Deshuillers, Sara Moutailler, Maud Marsot","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00178","DOIUrl":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ticks transmit a variety of pathogens that affect both animal and human health, underscoring the importance of understanding diversity and transmission dynamics. The European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) serves as a host for ticks such as Ixodes hexagonus and Ixodes ricinus, potentially playing a role in the enzootic cycle of tick-borne diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the use of hedgehogs as sentinels for monitoring tick-borne pathogens in urban and suburban areas. A total of 251 hedgehogs were involved in the study, conducted between 2019 and 2021, with 144 examined for ticks and 110 undergoing ear biopsies. Using real-time PCR, multiple pathogens were identified among the hedgehogs, including Borrelia afzelii, Rickettsia asembonensis, and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Most (96%) ticks collected were I. hexagonus, primarily nymphs and adult females, confirming this species as the main infester of hedgehogs. Carcasses obtained from a wildlife animal hospital provided an accessible source of biological material for this study. The results indicated that hedgehogs could serve as sentinel hosts for the surveillance of Borrelia burgdorferi complex, Rickettsia spp., and A. phagocytophilum in urban and suburban environments. Further research is needed to explore the relationship among hedgehog population densities, tick infestation levels, and the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens. Such studies are essential to determine the contribution of hedgehogs to the enzootic transmission cycle of these pathogens and to evaluate the resultant risks to human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":17602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"743-748"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}