Journal of Wildlife Diseases最新文献

Testing Multiple Tissues Improves Performance of Diagnostic Assays for Chronic Wasting Disease in Elk (Cervus canadensis). 多种组织检测提高了麋鹿慢性消耗性疾病诊断分析的性能。

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Journal of Wildlife Diseases Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.7589/JWD-D-25-00164

Nathan L Galloway, Glen A Sargeant, Jenny G Powers, Gregory M Schroeder, Terry Spraker, Margaret A Wild

{"title":"Testing Multiple Tissues Improves Performance of Diagnostic Assays for Chronic Wasting Disease in Elk (Cervus canadensis).","authors":"Nathan L Galloway, Glen A Sargeant, Jenny G Powers, Gregory M Schroeder, Terry Spraker, Margaret A Wild","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-25-00164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7589/JWD-D-25-00164","url":null,"abstract":"Effective wildlife disease management and research rely on trustworthy disease diagnostics. For chronic wasting disease (CWD), immunohistochemistry (IHC) is recognized as the gold standard, and ELISA is a reliable high-throughput screening method validated for use on obex and retropharyngeal lymph node (RPLN) tissues. However, diagnostic performance of the assays when used on tissues from elk (Cervus canadensis) varies, particularly under varying CWD population prevalence. We used hierarchical Bayesian modeling to predict sensitivity and specificity of ELISA on obex and RPLN and IHC on obex, RPLN, and rectoanal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (RAMALT) from elk. We detected CWD prion in at least one tissue from 46/283 individuals tested postmortem between 2016 and 2020. Specificity of ELISA was nearly perfect, providing strong confidence in CWD-detected results. Predicted mean test sensitivity was greater for ELISA than for IHC and slightly greater for RPLN tissue than for obex. The most sensitive individual test was ELISA RPLN, whereas the most reliable CWD diagnosis was achieved by parallel testing of both the obex and RPLN by ELISA, with serial confirmation by IHC. Although RAMALT can be used for antemortem testing, its low sensitivity makes negative results unreliable for proving an animal is disease free. When positive and negative predictive values of these methods were evaluated, we found the reliability of diagnostic results varied widely within the observed range of disease prevalence, and poor reliability was exaggerated by low diagnostic performance. Test-negative results are more likely to be true early in disease invasion, whereas the risk of a false-negative result grows with increasing disease prevalence in the sampled population. Wildlife managers should consider both the objectives and the stage of disease invasion when interpreting diagnostic test results.","PeriodicalId":17602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Book Review. 书评。

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Journal of Wildlife Diseases Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.7589/JWD_62-3_BookReview

Jerry Haigh

引用次数: 0

Baylisascaris sp. (Nematoda: Ascaridae) in a Wild Specimen of Procyon cancrivorus (Cuvier, 1798) (Carnivora: Procyonidae) in Paraguay. 巴拉圭Procyon cancrivorus野生物种(Cuvier, 1798)中的Baylisascaris sp.(线虫:Ascaridae)。

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Journal of Wildlife Diseases Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.7589/JWD-D-25-00184

J Richard Vetter, José G Petters

引用次数: 0

Ectopic Parasitism of Pegosomum bubulcum in an Eastern Great Egret (Ardea alba modesta). 东方大白鹭（Ardea alba modesta）的异位寄生。

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Journal of Wildlife Diseases Pub Date : 2026-05-06 DOI: 10.7589/JWD-D-25-00057

Byungkwan Oh, Bae-Keun Park, Myeongsu Kim, Jae-Ik Han, Sang-Ik Oh, Bumseok Kim

引用次数: 0

OCCURRENCE OF TRICHOMONAS GALLINAE IN THE EUROPEAN TURTLE DOVE (STREPTOPELIA TURTUR) ALONG ITS WESTERN MIGRATORY ROUTE. 欧洲斑鸠（streptopelia turtur）西部迁徙路线上鸡毛滴虫的发生。

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Journal of Wildlife Diseases Pub Date : 2026-05-04 DOI: 10.7589/JWD-D-25-00083

Carmen L Garreta-Celemín, Oscar Cabezón, María Puig Ribas, Gerard Bota, Lara Moreno-Zarate, Beatriz Arroyo, Juan Lorente-Rejano, Borja Pérez, Carlos Santisteban Ortiz, Raül Escandell, Mario Fdez-Tizón, Saâd Hanane, Sara Puche, Abdellah Ichen, Ignasi Marco, Johan Espunyes

{"title":"OCCURRENCE OF TRICHOMONAS GALLINAE IN THE EUROPEAN TURTLE DOVE (STREPTOPELIA TURTUR) ALONG ITS WESTERN MIGRATORY ROUTE.","authors":"Carmen L Garreta-Celemín, Oscar Cabezón, María Puig Ribas, Gerard Bota, Lara Moreno-Zarate, Beatriz Arroyo, Juan Lorente-Rejano, Borja Pérez, Carlos Santisteban Ortiz, Raül Escandell, Mario Fdez-Tizón, Saâd Hanane, Sara Puche, Abdellah Ichen, Ignasi Marco, Johan Espunyes","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-25-00083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7589/JWD-D-25-00083","url":null,"abstract":"Trichomonas gallinae is a globally distributed parasite, commonly infecting columbiform species, with the potential to limit population growth. Concerns have arisen regarding its impact across Europe on the declining European Turtle Dove (Streptopelia turtur) population over the last two decades. This study evaluated the prevalence of T. gallinae in European Turtle Doves in various areas of the southern portion of their western flyway, spanning Spain and Morocco, to understand its potential impact on the species' population dynamics. We sampled 121 doves from May to August 2023, with 55.4% testing positive for T. gallinae through PCR analysis. Prevalence varied regionally, with the highest rates observed in Rehamna province, Morocco (73.1%) and the lowest in Catalonia, Spain (37.5%). Despite high infection rates, no clinical signs of trichomoniasis were detected, suggesting a subclinical nature of the infection and consistent with previous findings in wild birds. These results highlight the potential role of the western migratory route in the transmission and geographical dispersion of T. gallinae and suggest that the parasite's presence in European Turtle Dove populations warrants further investigation. The study emphasizes the need for continued monitoring and research into the effects of T. gallinae on breeding success and population health, particularly considering the significant decline in European Turtle Dove populations.","PeriodicalId":17602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detection of Rickettsia hoogstraalii and Rickettsia lusitaniae in Argas (Persicargas) ricei Ticks Infesting California Condors (Gymnogyps californianus). 加州秃鹰蜱中胡氏立克次体和路西塔氏立克次体的检测。

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Journal of Wildlife Diseases Pub Date : 2026-05-04 DOI: 10.7589/JWD-D-25-00150

Julia Gonzalez, Lisa Auckland, Sara A Neumann, Arianna Punzalan, Jennifer Kennedy, Julie Barnes, Jordan Davis-Powell, Sarah A Hamer

{"title":"Detection of Rickettsia hoogstraalii and Rickettsia lusitaniae in Argas (Persicargas) ricei Ticks Infesting California Condors (Gymnogyps californianus).","authors":"Julia Gonzalez, Lisa Auckland, Sara A Neumann, Arianna Punzalan, Jennifer Kennedy, Julie Barnes, Jordan Davis-Powell, Sarah A Hamer","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-25-00150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7589/JWD-D-25-00150","url":null,"abstract":"The California Condor (Gymnogyps californianus) is the largest North American land bird and an endangered species. In September 2024, the Bitter Creek National Wildlife Refuge reported a heavy soft tick infestation on three juvenile condors that were to be released to the wild. One was transported to Los Angeles Zoo for treatment because it showed clinical signs associated with tick paralysis, a neurotoxin-mediated paralytic syndrome. The others had slight weight loss and extensive scabbing in the areas that had previous tick burdens. Eight ticks found on perches in the flight pen were identified as Argas (Persicargas) ricei. Pathogen testing of those ticks found four positives for Rickettsia hoogstraalii, a species previously detected in raptors and their soft ticks in the southwestern USA. One tick was positive for Rickettsia lusitaniae, associated with soft ticks in bats worldwide and closely related to Rickettsia felis and R. hoogstraalii. No ticks were positive for Borrelia spp. Blood meal analysis confirmed that the California Condor was the associated host for a subset of tested ticks. All condors improved clinically with ectoparasite treatment and supportive care. These findings suggest a clear interaction between A. ricei ticks and condors. Managers should consider the checking and removal of ticks from temporary bird housing and prophylactic or event-based treatments of translocated birds; further, Rickettsia species could be considered in future wildlife health investigations.","PeriodicalId":17602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Piloting Noninvasive Pathogen Assessment and Perceptions at the Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia)-Domestic Animal-Human Interface in Nepal. 在尼泊尔的雪豹(Panthera uncia)-家养动物-人类界面进行无创病原体评估和感知。

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Journal of Wildlife Diseases Pub Date : 2026-05-04 DOI: 10.7589/JWD-D-25-00176

Nicole Lewis, Roji Raut, Ashok Chaudhary, Prajwol Manandhar, Smita Shrestha, Rajesh Rajbhandari, Suresh Nepali, Amir Sadaula, Phurba Tenzing Lama, Bishwo Shrestha, Jan E Janecka, Dibesh Karmacharya

{"title":"Piloting Noninvasive Pathogen Assessment and Perceptions at the Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia)-Domestic Animal-Human Interface in Nepal.","authors":"Nicole Lewis, Roji Raut, Ashok Chaudhary, Prajwol Manandhar, Smita Shrestha, Rajesh Rajbhandari, Suresh Nepali, Amir Sadaula, Phurba Tenzing Lama, Bishwo Shrestha, Jan E Janecka, Dibesh Karmacharya","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-25-00176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7589/JWD-D-25-00176","url":null,"abstract":"Little is known about pathogens circulating in free-living snow leopards (Panthera uncia) and their implications for both species conservation and local communities in Nepal. The close proximity between snow leopards and domestic animals increases the risk of pathogen spillover and represents a critical knowledge gap that has yet to be explored in Nepal. We conducted a pilot noninvasive health assessment of snow leopards in Nepal by screening for the presence of selected pathogens in snow leopards and livestock inhabiting the same area and having local community members complete a knowledge, attitude, and practice questionnaire focused on the health of domestic species and opinions on snow leopards. We collected two different sets of fecal samples of domestic animals and putative snow leopards in the Mustang region of Nepal in December 2024. Six scat samples were confirmed to be from snow leopards by using a species-specific PCR. We detected Leptospira spp. in a domesticated horse sample and Escherichia coli and several intestinal parasites, including Eimeria spp., in several livestock species. This study represents a step toward understanding potential pathogen spillover risks between snow leopards, domestic animals, and humans.","PeriodicalId":17602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

HELMINTH FAUNA OF WILD BOARS (SUS SCROFA): A COPROLOGICAL SURVEY FROM SOUTHERN ITALY. 野猪的蠕虫区系：意大利南部的一项泌尿学调查。

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Journal of Wildlife Diseases Pub Date : 2026-05-04 DOI: 10.7589/JWD-D-25-00137

Elisa Castaldo, Francesco Buono, Stefano Scarcelli, Nicola D'Alessio, Alessandro Fioretti, Valerio Toscano, Fabrizia Veronesi, Camilla Sangiovanni, Esterina De Carlo, Harold Salant, Giovanni Sgroi, Vincenzo Veneziano

{"title":"HELMINTH FAUNA OF WILD BOARS (SUS SCROFA): A COPROLOGICAL SURVEY FROM SOUTHERN ITALY.","authors":"Elisa Castaldo, Francesco Buono, Stefano Scarcelli, Nicola D'Alessio, Alessandro Fioretti, Valerio Toscano, Fabrizia Veronesi, Camilla Sangiovanni, Esterina De Carlo, Harold Salant, Giovanni Sgroi, Vincenzo Veneziano","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-25-00137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7589/JWD-D-25-00137","url":null,"abstract":"Wild boar (Sus scrofa) populations have increased worldwide, causing sanitary and environmental concerns. These ungulates can harbor a wide range of pathogens that should be carefully monitored due to the zoonotic potential and risk of transmission to domestic pigs. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and distribution of helminth infections among wild boars in southern Italy and to explore associated risk factors for infections. A total of 369 wild boars were culled during one hunting season in four hunting districts in the Campania region, and individual fecal egg counts were performed by Mini-FLOTAC technique. Gastrointestinal strongyles (GIS) were the most common parasites detected (65.9%), followed by Metastrongylus spp. (48.8%), Ascaris suum (9.2%), Strongyloides ransomi and Trichuris suis (4.6% each), Capillaria (syn. Eucoleus) spp. (4.3%), Dicrocoelium dendriticum (1.6%), and Physocephalus sexalatus and Ascarops strongylina (0.5% each). Statistically significant differences (P<0.05) were found for GIS, Metastrongylus spp., and A. suum infections by boar hunting district, and for GIS and Metastrongylus spp. by age class. These results confirm wild boar competence to host diverse helminth species and their potential role as a reservoir for domestic pigs, primarily when bred in extensive production systems. The parasitologic monitoring of wild boars is a key step toward a deeper understanding of the relationship between wild and domestic pigs, safeguarding the health of farm animals.","PeriodicalId":17602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Surveillance of Ophidiomyces ophidiicola in Snakes, Primarily Eastern Wormsnakes (Carphophis amoenus), in Central Virginia, USA, Based on Swab and Tissue Sampling. 美国中部维吉尼亚州以东部虫蛇为主的蛇类中蛇霉菌的棉签和组织取样监测。

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Journal of Wildlife Diseases Pub Date : 2026-04-16 DOI: 10.7589/JWD-D-25-00156

Rachel M Goodman, R Paul Mahaffy, Henry R Carman, Nathan S Cabrera, Gaëlle Blanvillain

{"title":"Surveillance of Ophidiomyces ophidiicola in Snakes, Primarily Eastern Wormsnakes (Carphophis amoenus), in Central Virginia, USA, Based on Swab and Tissue Sampling.","authors":"Rachel M Goodman, R Paul Mahaffy, Henry R Carman, Nathan S Cabrera, Gaëlle Blanvillain","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-25-00156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7589/JWD-D-25-00156","url":null,"abstract":"Ophidiomycosis, or snake fungal disease, caused by the pathogen Ophidiomyces ophidiicola, poses a growing threat to wild snake populations in North America. We surveyed snake populations in central Virginia, USA in 2021-22; no clinical signs of ophidiomycosis had been observed in a survey 2013-14. Across 82 individuals representing seven species, 16% tested O. ophidiicola-positive, including 17% of eastern wormsnakes (Carphophis amoenus), the most frequently encountered species. All O. ophidiicola-positive snakes exhibited skin lesions or abnormalities at the time of capture; no subclinical individuals tested positive. Among eastern wormsnakes, O. ophidiicola-positive individuals were significantly larger in mass and length but did not differ in body condition compared to O. ophidiicola-negative individuals, suggesting age-related infection accumulation. Swabs preserved in RNAlater, swabs preserved in sterile water, and tissue samples from tail tips yielded O. ophidiicola-positive rates of 9%, 5%, and 7%, respectively. The number of O. ophidiicola-positive snakes was too small to formally test for differences between sampling techniques; however, this study supports the use of both swab samples and tissues. We tentatively suggest emergence of O. ophidiicola in our study site sometime between 2014 and 2021, or environmental changes during this period that altered pathogen load and/or host immune status. Our results provide the most extensive dataset to date on O. ophidiicola prevalence in C. amoenus and underscore the need for continued monitoring in fossorial species.","PeriodicalId":17602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimating Survival of Eastern Box Turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina) with Mycoplasmopsis sp., Adenovirus, and Herpesvirus Detection in Illinois, USA. 估计美国伊利诺斯州东部箱龟（Terrapene carolina carolina）感染支原体病、腺病毒和疱疹病毒的存活率。

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Journal of Wildlife Diseases Pub Date : 2026-04-08 DOI: 10.7589/JWD-D-25-00122

Maris J Daleo, Kirk W Stodola, Thomas J Benson, Laura A Adamovicz, Christopher A Phillips, Matthew C Allender

{"title":"Estimating Survival of Eastern Box Turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina) with Mycoplasmopsis sp., Adenovirus, and Herpesvirus Detection in Illinois, USA.","authors":"Maris J Daleo, Kirk W Stodola, Thomas J Benson, Laura A Adamovicz, Christopher A Phillips, Matthew C Allender","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-25-00122","DOIUrl":"10.7589/JWD-D-25-00122","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of health and disease on wildlife population dynamics and individual survival is complex and poorly understood, especially in cryptic species such as chelonians. Eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina) are declining due to anthropogenic and natural factors, including disease, though the relative importance of these factors for individual survival is unknown. Determining survival rates in free-ranging chelonians is challenging because individuals are difficult to locate and recapture, deceased turtles can be quickly scavenged, and turtles can die underground during a brumation period. The purpose of this study was to estimate the apparent survival rate for wild eastern box turtles detected with common box turtle pathogens, including Terrapene herpesvirus 1, Terrapene adenovirus, and box turtle Mycoplasmopsis sp., using Cormack-Jolly-Seber models. We used mark-recapture data from 778 individuals from five box turtle populations collected over 7 yr (2016-22), paired with concurrently collected demographic and quantitative PCR pathogen detection data. Apparent survival estimates were different among the five sites, ranging from 71% to 88%, but similar between sexes. We found that pathogens modeled as a function of survival had a positive effect; turtles detected with a pathogen were two to six times more likely to survive than those without detected pathogens. However, this may be an artifact of high, unbiased pathogen prevalence paired with a relatively low probability of pathogen detection via intermittent testing. This analysis provides important estimates of apparent survival for the declining eastern box turtle and valuable information on the interaction between pathogen detection and estimates of individual survival, which can be used to better understand the drivers of population persistence in this species.","PeriodicalId":17602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"339-348"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147317062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0