Journal of Virus Eradication最新文献

{"title":"The impact of magnitude and duration of plasma viremia during analytical treatment interruptions on CD4+ T cell recovery after ART resumption","authors":"Vibeke Klastrup ,&nbsp;Jesper Damsgaard Gunst ,&nbsp;Ole Schmeltz Søgaard","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Analytical treatment interruption (ATI) is crucial for assessing the efficacy of HIV-1 cure strategies. Recent cure studies have implemented more flexible ART restart criteria, permitting higher plasma viral loads (pVLs) for longer periods, which could potentially impair CD4⁺ T cell recovery even following ART resumption.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>We conducted a pooled analysis of six clinical HIV cure trials that included an ATI to evaluate the impact of magnitude and duration of plasma viremia during ATI on CD4⁺ T cell dynamics.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Wilcoxon signed-rank or rank-sum test was used to analyze differences in CD4⁺ T cell counts from 3 time points: 1) pre-ATI, 2) ART resumption, and 3) ART-induced viral re-suppression, with analyses stratified by peak pVL (≤10,000 or &gt;10,000 copies/mL) or by duration of viremia (0–14, 15–28, or &gt;28 days).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 114 participants, we found no change in CD4⁺ T cell counts from pre-ATI to post-ATI (at viral re-suppression, <em>P</em> = 0.80). We also found no impact of low (≤10,000 copies/mL) versus high (&gt;10,000 copies/mL) peak viremia on CD4⁺ T cell counts at the time of ART resumption or viral re-suppression (<em>P</em> = 0.48, <em>P</em> = 0.88, respectively). Similarly, the change in CD4⁺ T cell count from pre-ATI to viral re-suppression did not differ significantly between individuals with viremia lasting 0–14 days versus those with &gt;28 days.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In our pooled analysis, high peak rebound pVLs and longer duration of viremia did not impair CD4⁺ T cell recovery following the resumption of ART, supporting the safety of more flexible ATIs in HIV-1 cure trials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"11 3","pages":"Article 100604"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving the global agenda toward HIV cure calls for establishing a research-for-cure academy in West and Central Africa","authors":"Aude Christelle Ka'e ,&nbsp;Collins Ambe Chenwi ,&nbsp;Livo Esemu ,&nbsp;Hillary Tene ,&nbsp;Romeo Djounda ,&nbsp;Bouba Yagai ,&nbsp;Aubin Nanfack ,&nbsp;Alex Durand Nka ,&nbsp;Naomi-Karell Etame ,&nbsp;Ezechiel Ngoufack Jagni Semengue ,&nbsp;Celestin Godwe ,&nbsp;Honore Awanakan ,&nbsp;Fon Abongwa Acho ,&nbsp;Caroline Mofor ,&nbsp;Mambo Musi Beryle ,&nbsp;Benoit Bissohong ,&nbsp;Jang Joanes T ,&nbsp;Lum Forgwei ,&nbsp;Rogers Ajeh Awoh ,&nbsp;Gregory Edie Halle Ekane ,&nbsp;Joseph Fokam","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100603","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Despite global efforts to eliminate HIV as a public health threat, sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) still harbours about the highest burden of the pandemic, home to around 70 % of people living with HIV with limited contribution in the field of HIV cure research, especially in West and Central Africa (WCA). This gap is mainly due to challenges that researchers of this region are facing in initiating and advancing HIV cure research locally, with lesser commitment from the French-speaking countries. Furthermore, capacity-building of early career scientists on HIV cure research remains constrained due to limited awareness and language barriers to existing opportunities. Even though HIV non-B subtypes represent 89 % of circulating subtypes worldwide, cure research has been extensively focused on subtype B (prevalent in America and Europe). Interestingly, WCA (known as HIV pandemic epicentre with a broad genetic diversity) offers a unique landscape for cure research with a likelihood of generalisability across various HIV subtypes. This viewpoint discusses the importance of establishing an HIV Cure Academy for WCA to support scientists, policymakers and community stakeholders from French-speaking countries in contributing to the global efforts towards HIV cure.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Building on discussions, the establishment of an \"HIV Cure Academy\" emerges as a hallmark to: (i) raise awareness, (ii) build capacity, (iii) address scientific gaps, (iv) develop networks, and (v) foster advocacy and policy-briefing on integrating HIV cure research into national HIV agenda. The Academy is envisioned as a hub, facilitating relationships between community-based organizations, people living with HIV (PLHIV), research institutions and decision makers. This hub will also champion the \"Advocacy for Cure\" agenda in the sub-region, enhance multidisciplinary approach to identify local HIV cure research priorities that address the global problem. Of prime importance, research priorities in WCA include: (i) the measurement and characterization of viral reservoirs; (ii) investigation in immune responses including bNAbs, T-cell function, cytokines profiles and hosts genetic factors; (iii) identification of elite and post-treatment controllers; (iv) development of accessible technologies for point-of-care HIV DNA testing, biomarker detection, and latency-modifying agents to support functional cure strategies; (v) innovation in cost-effective and scalable therapeutic interventions suitable for low-resource settings; (vi) the strengthen of community involvement through citizen science, address ethical considerations, and engage PLHIV in the co-design of cure research initiatives; (vii) the establishment of regional training platforms, such as a Research-for-Cure Academy, to enhance scientific capacity and collaboration in West and Central Africa.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Following the model of the International AIDS Society (IAS) Research-for-cure academy, the WCA HIV Cure Academy represents a k","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"11 3","pages":"Article 100603"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV PrEP programmes as a framework for diagnosing and treating HBV infection in adolescents and young adults in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa","authors":"Gloria Sukali ,&nbsp;Jacob Busang ,&nbsp;Jaco Dreyer ,&nbsp;Thandeka Khoza ,&nbsp;Marion Delphin ,&nbsp;Nonhlanhla Okesola ,&nbsp;Carina Herbst ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Waddilove ,&nbsp;Janine Upton ,&nbsp;Janet Seeley ,&nbsp;Collins Iwuji ,&nbsp;Motswedi Anderson ,&nbsp;Philippa C. Matthews ,&nbsp;Maryam Shahmanesh","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Guidelines for Hepatitis B treatment released by the World Health Organization in 2024 include the potential for use of dual therapy, combining tenofovir with either emtricitabine or lamivudine. These fixed-dose combinations are also used for Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) in people at risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). We hypothesize that pre-existing HIV PrEP programmes can support access to HBV testing and treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>At the Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI) in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa, we evaluated PrEP uptake and retention amongst adolescents and young adults aged 15–30 years. We reviewed HBV status, acceptance of PrEP and retention in follow-up between June 2022–Sept 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>15847 adolescents and young adults received an assessment in the community, of whom 3481/15847 (21.9 %) were eligible for sexual health prevention interventions. 3431/3481 (98.6 %) accepted HBV screening, of whom 21/3431 (0.6 %) tested positive for HBsAg. These 21 individuals had not previously been aware of their HBV status, but one was already on antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection. Amongst the others, 16/20 (80 %) were considered eligible for PrEP, and 15/16 started PrEP. When investigating retention in care, among 15 individuals due for a refill, 8/15 (53.3 %) returned at least once.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Sexual reproductive health and PrEP programmes provide an opportunity for HBV testing and treatment. However, attrition from the care cascade at each step highlights the pressing need for interventions that address barriers to sustainable delivery of long-term care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"11 3","pages":"Article 100600"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic changes in immune cell subsets in blood and lymph node over the course of acute HIV infection","authors":"Supranee Buranapraditkun ,&nbsp;Julie L. Mitchell ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Takata ,&nbsp;Eugene Kroon ,&nbsp;Suteeraporn Pinyakorn ,&nbsp;Nicha Tulmethakaan ,&nbsp;Sopark Manasnayakorn ,&nbsp;Suthat Chottanapund ,&nbsp;Pattarawat Thantiworasit ,&nbsp;Peeriya Prueksakaew ,&nbsp;Nisakorn Ratnaratorn ,&nbsp;Khunthalee Benjapornpong ,&nbsp;Bessara Nuntapinit ,&nbsp;Praphan Phanuphak ,&nbsp;Carlo P. Sacdalan ,&nbsp;Nittaya Phanuphak ,&nbsp;Kiat Ruxrungtham ,&nbsp;Jintanat Ananworanich ,&nbsp;Sandhya Vasan ,&nbsp;Lydie Trautmann","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Innate, cellular and humoral immunity in acute HIV infection (AHI) play crucial roles in dictating immunological and pathological outcomes. However, understanding immune cell dynamics in different compartments during AHI is limited. In this study, we characterized immune cells from matched blood and lymph node samples in the RV254 Thai AHI cohort, the RV304 Thai chronic HIV infection cohort, and HIV-negative individuals, using flow cytometry. Our results showed a significant loss of the CD4:CD8 ratio in both PBMCs and LNMCs during AHI. Similarly, we observed increased immune activation of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in both blood and lymph node compartments during AHI. In contrast, we found no increase in T follicular helper cells (Tfh) and a lack of association between circulating Tfh and lymph node Tfh during AHI. Furthermore, early B cell depletion, particularly in resting memory B cells, was observed in blood but not in lymph nodes during AHI. Additionally, during AHI, plasmacytoid dendritic cell activation was increased in lymph nodes but not in blood. These findings suggest that certain immune cell phenotypes and dynamics are unique in lymph nodes compared to blood during AHI. Understanding the immune cell alteration in these compartments during AHI may help define the mechanisms leading to lack of immune control in natural HIV infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"11 2","pages":"Article 100598"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflections upon a life well-lived: A tribute to Ron Rosenes","authors":"Shari Margolese ,&nbsp;Robert Reinhard ,&nbsp;Renee Masching ,&nbsp;Nazanin Mohammadzadeh ,&nbsp;Petronela Ancuta ,&nbsp;Jonathan B. Angel ,&nbsp;Jean-Pierre Routy ,&nbsp;Sharon Walmsley ,&nbsp;Nicolas Chomont ,&nbsp;Cecilia T. Costiniuk","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100599","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"11 2","pages":"Article 100599"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV-1 latency: From acquaintance to confidant","authors":"Chenbo Yang ,&nbsp;Ling Tong ,&nbsp;Jing Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed HIV from a fatal disease into manageable circumstance. However, the HIV reservoirs remain a main barrier to complete cure. This review emphasized when, where and how the latency is established, with focus on various host factors and viral proteins. We highlight the importance of Tat and Rev in facilitating the export and stability of HIV latency. We discuss how transcription factors such as NFκB, NFAT, and Sp1 regulate HIV gene expression during T cell activation, while other factors like MRTFB, BACH2, FOXO1, HMGB1, SAMHD1, APOBEC3, TRIM5, Wnt/β-catenin and LEDGF/p75 also contribute to the persistence of reservoirs. Recent studies have also identified novel restriction and immune regulatory factors such as, LAPTM5, KRT72, and CARD8, directly or indirectly influencing HIV 1 latency. The advancements in CRISPR screening technology have also identified novel host factors, such as FBXO34, FTSJ3, TMEM178A, NICN1, PEBP1, ZNF304 and ORC1, that are associated with HIV-1 latency. These findings underscore the multifaceted nature of viral latency and ongoing need for research to develop effective strategies for viral eradication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"11 2","pages":"Article 100597"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The interprofessional nurse-physician model in comprehensive management of chronic hepatitis B: An updated review","authors":"Xiao-Ling Xiang ,&nbsp;Fa-Da Wang ,&nbsp;Xi-Jia Luo ,&nbsp;Hui Chen ,&nbsp;Ting-Ting Zheng ,&nbsp;Cheng-Run Song ,&nbsp;Yu-Jing Li ,&nbsp;Sahar Muzammal ,&nbsp;Jing Zhou ,&nbsp;Xue-Zhong Lei ,&nbsp;Rong Deng ,&nbsp;En-Qiang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains a significant global public health challenge, particularly in China, where it affects over 70 million individuals. The outpatient management of CHB patients is complex due to the chronic nature of the disease, the requirement for long-term follow-up, and the socioeconomic and cultural diversity of patients. The interprofessional nurse-physician model has emerged as a promising strategy to address these challenges by fostering interprofessional collaboration, leveraging technology, and delivering patient-centered care. This review synthesizes recent literature and case studies to evaluate the application, benefits, and limitations of this model in CHB management. Findings indicate enhanced health education, treatment adherence, and patient outcomes. However, further improvements are required in interprofessional communication, reducing health disparities, and integrating advanced technologies. This review provides both theoretical insights and practical recommendations to optimize the nurse-physician model for improving CHB patient well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"11 2","pages":"Article 100596"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-level adenovirus-neutralizing antibodies plasma beneficial for adenovirus type 7 (Adv7) induced pediatric severe ARDS","authors":"Feiyan Chen ,&nbsp;Run Dang ,&nbsp;Mingqi Zhao ,&nbsp;Yi Chen ,&nbsp;Jinda Huang ,&nbsp;Yunlong Zuo ,&nbsp;Yiyu Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by adenovirus pneumonia (AVP) present significant challenges for pediatricians. High-level adenovirus-neutralizing antibody plasma (HL-ANAP), containing elevated levels of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), might represent a valuable passive immunotherapy option. To assess the therapeutic effects, we investigated three cases diagnosed with adenovirus type 7 (Adv7)-induced severe ARDS, which required combined therapy with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and HL-ANAP.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Blood samples from three patients with Adv7-induced ARDS were collected before HL-ANAP administration, and at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours, and 7, 21, and 28 days after treatment. We measured Adv7 viral load, NAb titers, and cytokine levels in the serum, describing the observed trends.</div></div><div><h3>Results and discussion</h3><div>All patients survived. Before HL-ANAP transfusion, Adv7 viral loads exceeded 1∗10^7. Adv7 viral loads gradually decreased within 72 hours after HL-ANAP transfusion, accompanied by a rising trend in NAb titers. IL-6 and IL-8 levels decreased sharply during the first 24 hours post-HL-ANAP transfusion, followed by a slower decline.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>HL-ANAP may be effective in treating ARDS induced by severe type-7 adenoviral pneumonia in children. This approach may reduce adenovirus load, decrease systemic inflammation, and improve clinical outcomes. The neutralizing antibody's activity against the virus may occur within 24–72 hours post-infusion in vivo.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"11 2","pages":"Article 100595"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Timeliness of the second dose of measles-containing vaccine uptake and its determinants among children aged 24–36 months in Gondar City, Northwest Ethiopia, 2023: Community-based cross-sectional study design","authors":"Molalign Aligaz Adisu","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Measles remains a global public health concern, despite the availability of effective vaccines. Recent outbreaks highlight the need for strong vaccination programs. Since launching both doses, Ethiopia has been working with global health organizations to increase vaccination coverage. However, focusing solely on coverage overlooks the importance of timely vaccination. In Ethiopia, despite occasional increases in coverage, measles outbreaks persist due to insufficient attention to timeliness. This study aims to assess the timeliness and its determinants of second-dose measles-containing vaccine uptake in Gondar City to inform efforts to strengthen immunization programs and prevent measles infections.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 618 children aged 24–36 months. Participants were selected using a two-stage systematic random sampling method from April 25 to May 25. Structured questionnaires were administered through interviews, and data were collected using the Kobo toolbox and then analyzed using Stata version 17. A binary logistic regression model was utilized to determine factors associated with the outcome, with significance declared at a p-value &lt;0.05. Adjusted odds ratios with 95 % confidence intervals were used to assess the direction and strength of associations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the total of 618 children, 523 (84.63 %) (95 % CI: 81.77 %–87.48 %) were vaccinated for MCV2 timely (in the national recommended age). Paternal college and above in their education (AOR: 5.84, 95 % CI: 1.55–8.18), four or more ANC follow-ups (AOR: 5.84, 95 % CI: 1.55–8.18), at least two doses of vitamin An uptake (AOR: 6.39, 95 % CI: 2.92–12.59), mothers having high awareness (AOR: 2.04, 95 % CI: 1.05–3.99), and mothers having positive perception (AOR: 4.81, 95 % CI: 2.13–10.86) to measles vaccination were significant determinants for timely uptake of the second dose measles-containing vaccine.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion and recommendations</h3><div>The timely uptake of the second dose of the measles vaccine in the study area was suboptimal, and efforts should be continued to eradicate measles infection. Paternal educational status, ANC follow-ups, repeated vitamin An uptake, maternal awareness, and perception of measles vaccination were statistically significant determinants for the timely uptake of a second dose of measles-containing vaccine. Strengthening maternal and child health services, increasing awareness, and changing mothers' perceptions about measles vaccination may increase the timely uptake of MCV2 among children receiving a second MCV dose.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"11 2","pages":"Article 100594"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between chronic underlying diseases and the clinical characteristics in adult patients infected with Omicron BA.1","authors":"Jingyu Wang ,&nbsp;Yuechuan Cui ,&nbsp;Henan Dong ,&nbsp;Jie Zhao ,&nbsp;Meng Wang ,&nbsp;Chunlei Zhou ,&nbsp;Hong Mu","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The COVID-19 pandemic has been exacerbated by the highly contagious SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant BA.1, which quickly became the predominant strain worldwide in early 2022. The COVID-19 pandemic has not only burdened healthcare systems but has also led to a new emerging medical question whether chronic underlying diseases (CUDs) are associated with clinical characteristics of populations infected with Omicron BA.1. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of CUDs on the clinical characteristics of adult patients (APs) with Omicron BA.1 infection.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We performed an analysis on 320 individuals who were admitted to Tianjin First Central Hospital for treatment in the initial largest outbreak of the Omicron variant BA.1 infection between January and February 2022 in Tianjin, China. Clinical data were collected during the treatment and recovery, including gender, age, vaccination, CUDs, clinical manifestations, and nucleic acid test. These data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software, version 22.0.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our findings suggest that 178 (56 %) out of 320 APs have CUDs at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis. APs with CUDs have a higher median age [55 (40–62)] compared to APs without CUDs [38 (30–47)] and lower vaccination rates [158 (89 %)] compared to APs without CUDs [138 (97 %)]. Multivariable logistic regression results indicate that CUDs and advanced age (≥60 years old) are unfavorable factors for the increase in the severity of Omicron BA.1 infection [age (≥60 years old), OR = 2.96, 95 % CI: 1.35–6.50, <em>P</em> = 0.01; CUDs, OR = 2.78, 95 % CI: 1.65–4.70, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001]. Meanwhile, we observe that APs with CUDs exhibit significantly elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and higher re-detectable SARS-CoV-2 RNA positive (RP) rates, while notably reduced lymphocyte levels compared with those without CUDs. Additionally, we propose that vaccination played a positive role in reducing IL-6 and CRP levels, and RP rates, as well as increasing SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody levels in APs with CUDs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This research not only enhances the understanding of the association between CUDs and the clinical manifestations of APs infected with Omicron BA.1, but also offers valuable insights for preventing and managing Omicron BA.1 infections in this demographic. Moreover, it supports the policy of prioritizing vaccination for adults with CUDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"11 2","pages":"Article 100591"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}