Journal of Virus Eradication最新文献

{"title":"Management of chronic hepatitis B in Uganda: A five-year experience following the initiation of a national sensitization and care campaign","authors":"E. Seremba ,&nbsp;R. Ssekitoleko ,&nbsp;A. Ocanit ,&nbsp;M.M. Kagimu ,&nbsp;M. Waiswa ,&nbsp;J. Nankya-Mutyoba ,&nbsp;E. Akweny ,&nbsp;A. Bakainaga ,&nbsp;M.R. Lawrence ,&nbsp;C. Kabugo ,&nbsp;P. Ocama","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite having the highest Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)-related mortality globally, sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has been slow in its disease elimination campaign. We describe a 5-year experience in HBV management at a large facility in Uganda and how it can inform future management strategies.</div><div>HBV-related patient data were abstracted from clinic records. Of 2664 patients, 1828 (68.6 %) had documented chronic HBV infection. Participants were young, mean age (±SD) 31.3 (±10.6) and equally split by gender. Overall, 423 (23.1 %) were on antiviral medications including 158/229 (69.0 %) with a sonographic diagnosis of cirrhosis and 130/282 (46.1 %) with Aspartate aminotransferase to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) score ≥0.5.48/1828 (2.6 %) had Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC).</div><div>In multivariable analysis, APRI score ≥0.5 [OR (95 % CI) = 1.76 (1.26–2.46), p &lt; 0.01], elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) [OR (95 % CI) = 2.25 (1.35–4.47), p = 0.04], and HBV viral load ≥2,000IU/mL [OR (95 % CI) = 2.97 (1.68–5.22), p &lt; 0.01] were predictors of cirrhosis/HCC. Also, an APRI score of ≥0.5 [OR (95 % CI) = 1.62 (1.19–2.22), p = 0.01], elevated ALT [OR (95 % CI) = 2.60 (1.23–5.49), p = 0.02], cirrhosis [OR (95 % CI) = 21.65 (9.26–50.59), p &lt; 0.01], and viral load ≥2,000IU/mL [OR (95 % CI) = 6.62 (3.93–11.15), p &lt; 0.01] were associated with antiviral use.</div><div>Cirrhosis/HCC apparently occur at lower APRI scores in SSA suggesting need for urgent adoption of the 2024 WHO guidelines which provide for earlier initiation of anti-HBV therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"11 2","pages":"Article 100588"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of microRNAs in the detection and therapeutic roles of viral infections: Mechanisms and applications","authors":"Mohsen Poudineh ,&nbsp;Omeed Darweesh ,&nbsp;Mohsen Mokhtari ,&nbsp;Omid Zolfaghari ,&nbsp;Azad Khaledi ,&nbsp;Ahmad Piroozmand","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) are potential diagnostic and therapeutic agents for viral infections. Here, we aimed to investigate the expression of microRNAs in the identification and treatment of viral infections.</div><div>MiRNAs are non-coding molecules that control gene expression and participate in numerous biological processes, including host immunity and pathogen duplication. MiRNAs have played a role in the pathogenesis of various viral infections, such as HIV and HCV. Their presence in the tissues and serum of infected patients has been demonstrated to help predict disease progression, identify disease subtypes, and evaluate treatment responses.</div><div>Research has shown that miRNAs can detect viral infections by identifying specific miRNAs in serum. For example, miRNA expression profiling was recently used to distinguish between hepatitis C and hepatitis B viral infections precisely. Furthermore, miRNAs can be used to detect the presence of multiple viral infections simultaneously by assessing the expression levels of these miRNAs. Also, miRNAs can differentiate between different genetic variants of the same virus, which is useful for identifying emerging viral strains or drug-resistant ones.</div><div>MiRNAs have been identified as being a factor in treating viral infections. For example, miRNA mimics have decreased gene expression and halted viral replication in HIV, HCV, and EBV. Moreover, microRNA antagonists have been utilized to inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby modulating the immune response and the severity of infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 100586"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global trends in Marburg virus disease: Another potential threat to global health in the making?","authors":"Tauseef Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100582","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100582","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 100582"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and willingness towards human Papillomavirus vaccination among the parents and school teachers of eligible girls in Dhaka, Bangladesh: A school-based cross-sectional study","authors":"Samina Sultana ,&nbsp;MD Nahid Hassan Nishan ,&nbsp;Aklima Akter ,&nbsp;Dalia Rahman ,&nbsp;Fowzia Yasmin ,&nbsp;Mohammad Delwer Hossain Hawlader","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cervical cancer ranks as the common prevalent cancer, among women worldwide especially impacting low-resource countries. In Bangladesh, this accounts for 12 % of all cancer cases. The development of cancer is closely linked to Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Despite the availability of HPV vaccines, their uptake remains limited in Bangladesh. Thus, this research aims to assess the knowledge and willingness of parents and school teachers regarding HPV vaccination for eligible girls in Bangladesh.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>This study involved 406 parents and school teachers of girls aged 9–14 years from Dhaka city. A cross-sectional study design was used. Data collection was done through a questionnaire administered by interviewers after pre-testing and refinement for clarity and reliability. Analysis was carried out using Stata 17 software. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were used to uncover associations and predictors related to knowledge levels and willingness.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Findings revealed that a majority of participants (64.04 %) exhibited an understanding of HPV and cervical cancer yet a high percentage (98.28 %) expressed willingness to engage in HPV vaccination initiatives. participants with primary (AOR = 3.306, p &lt; 0.005), secondary (AOR = 8.806, p &lt; 0.001), and higher education (AOR = 5.059, p &lt; 0.001), as well as those from upper-middle-income groups (AOR = 3.038, p &lt; 0.001), had significantly higher knowledge of HPV and cervical cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The research emphasizes lack of knowledge regarding HPV and its vaccination among parents and educators in Bangladesh despite a willingness to vaccinate. These results emphasize the importance of tailored initiatives and better access, to health information to increase HPV vaccine acceptance and lower the incidence of cervical cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 100590"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic characterization on the nucleoprotein and fusion gene of wild-type measles virus circulating in Shanghai, 2001–2022","authors":"Yunyi Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoxian Cui ,&nbsp;Ai Lin ,&nbsp;Wei Tang ,&nbsp;Yuying Yang ,&nbsp;Wanju Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiayu Hu ,&nbsp;Zhi Li ,&nbsp;Yanqiu Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Measles is an acute and highly contagious viral disease that poses significant public health challenges globally. Since 2001, continuous virologic surveillance has been conducted in Shanghai, enabling a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of the nucleoprotein (N gene) and fusion gene (F gene) of the measles virus (MeV) over a 21-year period. Between 2001 and 2022, there were a total of 1405 MeV strains isolated by the Shanghai Center for Disease Control and prevention (SCDC), including 6 strains of genotype D8, 8 strains of genotype B3, 12 strains of genotype H1b, and the remaining strains of genotype H1a. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to amplify the 3′ end of the N gene (450 nt) and the complete sequence of the F gene (1622 nt) from the viral isolates. Sequencing of the RT-PCR products was followed by nucleotide and amino acid phylogenetic analyses. The substitution rates were for the F and N genes in Shanghai were determined to be 0.89 × 10⁻³ and 2.20 × 10⁻³ substitutions site^/year, respectively.</div><div>Globally, the nucleotide and amino acid similarities of the N gene among 13,498 MeV isolates ranged from 89.1 %–100.0 % and 90.2 %–100.0 %, respectively. Notably, the F gene exhibited 16 high-amino-acid-mutation sites, most of which differed among H1a MeV strains compared t<u>o</u> the Shanghai-191 vaccine strain. The deletion of the glycosylation site at aa 9–11(NVS) was primarily observed in H1a and H1b of MeV strains. However, critical functional sites in the F gene remained conserved.</div><div>In conclusion, the previously predominant indigenous H1a wild-type measles virus (MeV) has not been detected for over two years, with only imported MeV genotypes currently being identified. It is crucial to strengthen the surveillance of MeV genotypes to facilitate the timely identification and containment of imported measles cases, thereby preventing potential outbreaks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 100589"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human CD123+AXL+ dendritic cells express Siglec1 that captures and transmits HIV-1 particles to the T cells","authors":"Haisheng Yu ,&nbsp;Yinghui Cao ,&nbsp;Liang Cheng ,&nbsp;Guangming Li ,&nbsp;Liguo Zhang ,&nbsp;Lishan Su","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100587","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100587","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human dendritic cells (DCs) are classified into three subsets based on their ontogeny, transcriptomes, and functions. During primary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, DCs in the peripheral tissues capture the HIV-1 particles, migrate to the lymph nodes, transfer the particles to CD4⁺ T cells, and initiate infection. However, the identity of the DC subset involved is yet elusive. Hitherto, a novel subset (AXL⁺DCs) has been identified in human blood, which is transcriptomically and functionally distinct from three known subsets. Compared to these, resting AXL⁺DCs express Siglec1 (CD169), capture HIV-1 particles in a CD169-dependent manner, and mediate transinfection. These results suggested that AXL⁺ DCs may facilitate HIV-1 transmission and the spread of very early-stage HIV infection in patients. Therapeutic strategies that target AXL⁺DCs or CD169 interaction with HIV-1 may provide pre-exposure protection during the initial stages of HIV-1 infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"11 2","pages":"Article 100587"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the general population knowledge about the emergence of Nipah virus outbreak in Bangladesh: A nationwide cross-sectional study","authors":"Mobin Ibne Mokbul ,&nbsp;Shuvajit Saha ,&nbsp;Samiha Nahar Tuli ,&nbsp;Fatema Binte Nur ,&nbsp;A.M. Khairul Islam ,&nbsp;Tariful Islam ,&nbsp;Shirsho Shreyan ,&nbsp;Alok Bijoy Bhadra ,&nbsp;Golam Dastageer Prince ,&nbsp;Irfath Sharmin Eva ,&nbsp;Mustari Nailah Tabassum ,&nbsp;Ferdous Wahid ,&nbsp;Md Irfan Bin Kayes ,&nbsp;Nazim Hassan Ziad ,&nbsp;Mohammad Delwer Hossain Hawlader","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2025.100585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emergence of the Nipah virus (NiV) poses a significant global health threat, particularly in South-East Asian countries. This cross-sectional nationwide study is a pioneer in assessing knowledge levels of NiV outbreak among the general population in Bangladesh. It was conducted among the general population of Bangladesh from 15th January to 10th February 2024. A conveniently selected sample of individuals participated in the assessment of their knowledge about NiV. A semi-structured questionnaire was used as the data collection tool. After data curation, a total of 2121 responses that met the inclusion criteria were retained for analysis. Among 2121 participants, 69.38 % were aware of NiV. Overall, 62 % demonstrated good knowledge of the virus. The main sources of information were social media (29.9 %), television (25.41 %), educational institutions (18.95 %), newspapers (13.65 %), friends (6.39 %), and workplaces (5.91 %). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that participants aged 31–40 years had lower odds of poor knowledge (OR = 0.57, 95 % CI: 0.39–0.82, p &lt; 0.01) compared to those aged 21–30. Females had higher odds of poor knowledge (OR = 1.38, 95 % CI: 1.05–1.81, p = 0.02) than males. Lower education levels were associated with higher odds of poor knowledge. Moreover, non-healthcare workers also had higher odds of poor knowledge compared to healthcare workers. There were regional differences, with varying odds in Rangpur (OR = 0.43, 95 % CI: 0.26–0.70, p &lt; 0.01), Khulna (OR = 1.70, 95 % CI: 1.10–2.61, p = 0.01), and Mymensingh (OR = 2.77, 95 % CI: 1.70–4.53, p &lt; 0.01) compared to Dhaka. The current study underscores the importance of evidence-based educational strategies, and may guide government and policymakers to design future targeted interventions to enhance public health literacy and mitigate the spread of NiV in Bangladesh as well as in its neighbouring countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 100585"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a novel bivalent vaccine candidate against hepatitis A virus and rotavirus using reverse vaccinology and immunoinformatics","authors":"Hassan Yarmohammadi ,&nbsp;Abbas Akhavan Sepahi ,&nbsp;Mojtaba Hamidi-fard ,&nbsp;Mohammadreza Aghasadeghi ,&nbsp;Golnaz Bahramali","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2024.100578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2024.100578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hepatitis A virus (HAV) and rotavirus are mainly transmitted through fecal-oral and person-to-person contact, and cause severe gastrointestinal complications and liver disease. This work used reverse vaccinology and immunoinformatic methods to create a novel bivalent vaccine against rotavirus and HAV. The amino acid sequences of HAV-rotavirus proteins (VP1 and VP8∗) were retrieved from the GenBank database. Various computational approaches were employed to predict highly conserved regions and the most immunogenic B-cell and T-cell epitopes of VP8 and VP1 of rotavirus and HAV proteins in both humans and BALB/c. Moreover, the predicted fusion protein was analyzed regarding primary and secondary structures and homology validation. In this study, we used two highly conserved peptide sequences of VP8 and VP1 of rotavirus and HAV that induce T and B cell immunogenicity. According to T-cell epitope prediction, this area comprises 2713 antigenic peptides for HLA class II and 30 HLA class I antigenic peptides, both of which are virtually entirely conserved in the Iranian population. In this study, validation as well as analysis of the secondary and three-dimensional structure of the VP8∗-rotavirus + AAY + HAV-VP1 fusion protein, with the aim of designing a multi-epitope vaccine with different receptors. TLR 3, 4 high immunogenic binding ability with immunological properties and interaction between multi-epitope target and TLR were predicted, and it is expected that the target fusion protein has stable antigenic potency and compatible half-life. The above is suggested as a universal vaccination program.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 100578"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"7.5 – 00009 Postmortem analyses of the central nervous system in individuals with HIV demonstrate that infection of microglia contributes to inflammatory pathways despite viral suppression","authors":"M. Nühn,&nbsp;N. Sabet,&nbsp;K. Van Abeelen,&nbsp;P. Schipper,&nbsp;A. Basson,&nbsp;A. Wensing,&nbsp;L. De Witte,&nbsp;M. Papathanasopoulos,&nbsp;M. Nijhuis,&nbsp;J. Symons,&nbsp;Justine T. Blonk,&nbsp;Nanouk Zuidmeer","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2024.100434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2024.100434","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"10 ","pages":"Pages 27-28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143181178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ST2.2 – 00065 Models and correlates of intact and defective HIV DNA decay in Kenyan children over 8 years of ART","authors":"D. Reeves,&nbsp;M. Litchford,&nbsp;C. Fish,&nbsp;A. Farrell-Sherman,&nbsp;N. Ahmed,&nbsp;M. Poindexter,&nbsp;N. Cassidy,&nbsp;J. Neary,&nbsp;D. Wamalwa,&nbsp;A. Langat,&nbsp;D. Chebet,&nbsp;H. Moraa,&nbsp;J. Slyker,&nbsp;S. Benki-Nugent,&nbsp;L. Cohn,&nbsp;J. Schiffer,&nbsp;J. Overbaugh,&nbsp;G. John-Stewart,&nbsp;D. Lehman","doi":"10.1016/j.jve.2024.100447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jve.2024.100447","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","volume":"10 ","pages":"Page 36"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143181215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}