{"title":"Assessment for Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque Using Vessel Wall Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Multireader ROC Study to Determine Optimal Sequence for Detecting Vessel Wall Calcification.","authors":"Hideki Ishimaru, Yohei Ikebe, Tsuyoshi Izumo, Hiroshi Imai, Minoru Morikawa, Reiko Ideguchi, Ayano Ishiyama, Hirofumi Koike, Masataka Uetani, Ryo Toya","doi":"10.1159/000538175","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We aimed to compare conventional vessel wall MR imaging techniques and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) to determine the optimal sequence for detecting carotid artery calcification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-two patients who underwent carotid vessel wall MR imaging and neck CT were enrolled. Four slices of 6-mm sections from the bilateral internal carotid bifurcation were subdivided into 4 segments according to clock position (0-3, 3-6, 6-9, and 9-12) and assessed for calcification. Two blinded radiologists independently reviewed a total of 704 segments and scored the likelihood of calcification using a 5-point scale on spin-echo imaging, FLASH, and QSM. The observer performance for detecting calcification was evaluated by a multireader, multiple-case receiver operating characteristic study. Weighted κ statistics were calculated to assess interobserver agreement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>QSM had a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.85, which was significantly higher than that of any other sequence (p < 0.01) and showed substantial interreader agreement (κ = 0.68). A segment with a score of 3-5 was defined as positive, and a segment with a score of 1-2 was defined as negative; the sensitivity and specificity of QSM were 0.75 and 0.87, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>QSM was the most reliable MR sequence for the detection of plaque calcification.</p>","PeriodicalId":17530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vascular Research","volume":" ","pages":"122-128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140318553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In Memoriam: A Tribute to Eva Aralikatti.","authors":"Pooneh Bagher","doi":"10.1159/000540829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000540829","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vascular Research","volume":"61 5","pages":"213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142468832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Héctor González-Pacheco, Luis Manuel Amezcua-Guerra, Martha Franco, Alexandra Arias-Mendoza, Jorge A Ortega-Hernández, Felipe Massó
{"title":"Cytoprotection as an Innovative Therapeutic Strategy to Cardiogenic Shock: Exploring the Potential of Cytidine-5-Diphosphocholine to Mitigate Target Organ Damage.","authors":"Héctor González-Pacheco, Luis Manuel Amezcua-Guerra, Martha Franco, Alexandra Arias-Mendoza, Jorge A Ortega-Hernández, Felipe Massó","doi":"10.1159/000538946","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preservation of organ function and viability is a crucial factor for survival in cardiogenic shock (CS) patients. There is not information enough on cytoprotective substances that may delay organs damage in CS. We hypothesize that cytidine-5-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) can act as a cytoprotective pharmacological measure that diminishes the target organ damage. So, we aimed to perform a review of works carried out in our institution to evaluate the effect of therapeutic cytoprotection of the CDP-choline.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>CDP-choline is an intermediate metabolite in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine. It is also a useful drug for the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, and neurodegenerative diseases and has shown an excellent pharmacological safety profile as well. We review our institution's work and described the cytoprotective effects of CDP-choline in experimental models of heart, liver, and kidney acute damage, where this compound was shown to diminish reperfusion-induced ventricular arrhythmias, oxidative stress, apoptotic cell death, inflammation, lactic acid levels and to preserve mitochondrial function.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>We propose that additional research is needed to evaluate the impact of cytoprotective therapy adjuvant to mitigate target organ damage in patients with CS.</p>","PeriodicalId":17530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vascular Research","volume":" ","pages":"160-165"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141081814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Farouk Markos, Andrew J O'Leary, Mark I M Noble, Therese Ruane-O'Hora
{"title":"Endothelial Dysfunction Does Not Occur after Acute, Elevated Homocysteine Exposure of the Lumen of the Iliac Artery of the Anaesthetised Pig.","authors":"Farouk Markos, Andrew J O'Leary, Mark I M Noble, Therese Ruane-O'Hora","doi":"10.1159/000541398","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Elevated luminal homocysteine has been linked with cardiovascular disease; however, whether there is a direct effect of homocysteine on blood vessel endothelium is not clear. In this study, the acute effect of luminal homocysteine on iliac artery endothelial function was assessed in the anaesthetised pig.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Hyperhomocysteinaemic blood was injected into an occluded segment of the iliac in the anaesthetised pig for 20 min, and the effect on atrial diameter during the occlusion and during the reactive hyperaemia assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant changes in arterial diameter or pressure were observed during the incubation period at homocysteine concentrations of 10, 20, 40 and 100 µ<sc>M</sc>. There was also no difference in the magnitude of the iliac diameter increase in the response to reactive hyperaemia when the incubation period was completed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is no evidence of endothelial dysfunction in response to an acute 20-min elevation in homocysteine in an intact conduit artery.</p>","PeriodicalId":17530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vascular Research","volume":" ","pages":"298-303"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142391533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Linfeng Xie, Yuanzhu Li, Jing Chen, Suxin Luo, Bi Huang
{"title":"Blood Urea Nitrogen to Left Ventricular Ejection Ratio as a Predictor of Short-Term Outcome in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock.","authors":"Linfeng Xie, Yuanzhu Li, Jing Chen, Suxin Luo, Bi Huang","doi":"10.1159/000541021","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cardiogenic shock (CS) is the most critical complication after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with mortality above 50%. Both blood urea nitrogen and left ventricular ejection fraction were important prognostic indicators. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of admission blood urea nitrogen to left ventricular ejection fraction ratio (BUNLVEFr) in patients with AMI complicated by CS (AMI-CS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>268 consecutive patients with AMI-CS were divided into two groups according to the admission BUNLVEFr cut-off value determined by Youden index. The primary endpoint was 30-day all-cause mortality and the secondary endpoint was the composite events of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Cox proportional hazard models were performed to analyze the association of BUNLVEFr with the outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimal cut-off value of BUNLVEFr is 16.63. The 30-day all-cause mortality and MACEs in patients with BUNLVEFr≥16.63 was significantly higher than in patients with BUNLVEFr<16.63 (30-day all-cause mortality: 66.2% vs. 17.1%, p < 0.001; 30-day MACEs: 80.0% vs. 48.0%, p < 0.001). After multivariable adjustment, BUNLVEFr≥16.63 remained an independent predictor for higher risk of 30-day all-cause mortality (HR = 3.553, 95% CI: 2.125-5.941, p < 0.001) and MACEs (HR = 2.026, 95% CI: 1.456-2.820, p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses found that the effect of BUNLVEFr was consistent in different subgroups (all p-interaction>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The admission BUNLVEFr provided important prognostic information for AMI-CS patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":17530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vascular Research","volume":" ","pages":"233-243"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Silver Ion Decreases Foreign Body Reaction and Venous Neointimal Hyperplasia through the Inhibition of Interleukin-33 Expression].","authors":"Cong Zhang, Shunbo Wei, Liwei Zhang, Chunyang Lou, Jianbang Fang, Yuanfeng Liu, Hao He, Zhuo Li, Jing'an Li, Hualong Bai","doi":"10.1159/000536003","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000536003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vascular prosthetic grafts are widely used in vascular surgery; however, graft infection remains a major concern. Silver-coated vascular grafts have demonstrated anti-infection properties in clinical settings; however, whether the silver irons influence foreign body reaction or neointimal hyperplasia remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sodium alginate and hyaluronic acid (SA/HA) hydrogel patches loaded with rhodamine, with or without silver, were fabricated. Patches were implanted in the subcutaneous or abdominal cavity and inferior vena cava of rats. Samples were harvested on day 14 and examined via immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Silver hydrogel was found to decrease the foreign body reaction; after subcutaneous and abdominal cavity implantation in rats, the capsule was found to be thinner in the silver hydrogel group than in the control hydrogel group. The silver hydrogel group had fewer CD68-positive cells and proliferating cell nuclear antigen and interleukin-33 (IL-33) dual-positive cells than the control hydrogel group. Additionally, the silver hydrogel patch reduced the neointimal thickness after patch venoplasty in rats, and the number of IL-33- and IL-1β-positive cells was lower than that in the control patch.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Silver-loaded SA/HA hydrogel patches decreased the foreign body reaction and venous neointimal hyperplasia in rats by the inhibition of IL-33 expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":17530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vascular Research","volume":" ","pages":"89-98"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139900129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sophie J Y Huang, Xuan Wang, Brayden D Halvorson, Yuki Bao, Stephanie J Frisbee, Jefferson C Frisbee, Daniel Goldman
{"title":"Laser Doppler Fluximetry in Cutaneous Vasculature: Methods for Data Analyses.","authors":"Sophie J Y Huang, Xuan Wang, Brayden D Halvorson, Yuki Bao, Stephanie J Frisbee, Jefferson C Frisbee, Daniel Goldman","doi":"10.1159/000538718","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Acquisition of a deeper understanding of microvascular function across physiological and pathological conditions can be complicated by poor accessibility of the vascular networks and the necessary sophistication or intrusiveness of the equipment needed to acquire meaningful data. Laser Doppler fluximetry (LDF) provides a mechanism wherein investigators can readily acquire large amounts of data with minor inconvenience for the subject. However, beyond fairly basic analyses of erythrocyte perfusion (fluximetry) data within the cutaneous microcirculation (i.e., perfusion at rest and following imposed challenges), a deeper understanding of microvascular perfusion requires a more sophisticated approach that can be challenging for many investigators.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This manuscript provides investigators with clear guidance for data acquisition from human subjects for full analysis of fluximetry data, including levels of perfusion, single- and multiscale Lempel-Ziv complexity (LZC) and sample entropy (SampEn), and wavelet-based analyses for the major physiological components of the signal. Representative data and responses are presented from a recruited cohort of healthy volunteers, and computer codes for full data analysis (MATLAB) are provided to facilitate efforts by interested investigators.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is anticipated that these materials can reduce the challenge to investigators integrating these approaches into their research programs and facilitate translational research in cardiovascular science.</p>","PeriodicalId":17530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vascular Research","volume":" ","pages":"197-211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140944358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Min Jung Ku, Young Hee Maeng, Jee Won Chang, Jung-Kook Song, Young Ree Kim
{"title":"Stasis and Inflammation in Varicose Vein Development: An Interleukin-Mediated Process from Intima to Media.","authors":"Min Jung Ku, Young Hee Maeng, Jee Won Chang, Jung-Kook Song, Young Ree Kim","doi":"10.1159/000539861","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539861","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study investigated the combination of venous stasis and inflammation in varicose vein development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included patients with primary varicose veins operated using high ligation and stripping of greater saphenous vein. All of them showed reflux at sapheno-femoral junction on preoperative Doppler ultrasound. Mesenteric veins from early or advanced gastric cancer specimens were used as control group. Inflammatory mediators expressed in the venous wall were measured via immunohistochemistry and compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-five (59.3%) men and 24 women with a mean age of 52.8 years (range, 23-77 years) were included and 29 (49.2%) patients had edema or skin changes according to Clinical-Etiology-Anatomy-Pathophysiology (CEAP) classification and reporting standards for chronic venous disorders. The expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in intima and those of IL-6 in media of greater saphenous veins increased, with statistically significant differences between the two groups (p < 0.001). IL-6 in media and TGF-β1 levels in intima were independent predictors of varicose veins (adjusted odds ratios 74.62 and 66.69, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated venous pressure represented by reflux on Doppler ultrasound and increased expression of inflammatory cytokines including IL-6 in media and TGF-β1 in intima are associated with the development of varicose veins.</p>","PeriodicalId":17530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vascular Research","volume":" ","pages":"244-251"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141734487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}