Journal of the National Medical Association最新文献

{"title":"Decoding Cancer: PVT1 Intron 10’s homology with MCM3","authors":"Eleonora Achrak BS","doi":"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Prostate cancer remains a leading cause of mortality among men, partly due to challenges in early detection. This study investigates Plasmacytoma Variant Translocation 1 (PVT1) intron 10, hypothesized to overexpress in prostate cancer tissues and exhibit structural homology with the DNA replication protein MCM3, potentially defying the notion of introns as mere non-coding sequences.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>An analysis of 550 patient-derived prostate adenocarcinoma transcripts was conducted. Transcript overexpression was quantified using TSVdb, and genetic/structural homology was determined through BLAST against major databases. HotSpot Wizard assessed 3D structural homology, while SpliceRover detected splicing motifs. Clinical relevance was verified by comparing expression levels in the dbGaP database.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Significant overexpression of PVT1 intron 10 was found, with a 4.3-fold increase noted in specific exons and introns. Proteomic homology analysis revealed an 85% similarity with essential proteins, including a 68.8% structural alignment with MCM3. The 3D structural comparisons supported these findings. Database validation confirmed a 5.3-fold overexpression of intron 10 in cancerous tissues.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>PVT1 intron 10′s significant overexpression and structural similarity to MCM3 protein in prostate cancer tissue suggests a potential functional role, disrupting the conventional understanding of intronic regions. These insights position intron 10 as a promising biomarker and therapeutic target, offering new directions in prostate cancer diagnostics and treatment through a refined understanding of alternative splicing and protein homology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Medical Association","volume":"116 4","pages":"Page 417"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142089174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Follicular Lymphoma Stem Cell Biomarkers","authors":"Daniel P Ashley MPA, BSc,&nbsp;Theodor Borgovan MD,&nbsp;Hyung Sun Yoo MBA,&nbsp;Xin Zhang MD, PhD,&nbsp;Samantha Ahrens,&nbsp;Qingyang Luo,&nbsp;Li Huan MD,&nbsp;John Cole MD,&nbsp;Li Li MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Despite recent advances in identifying clinical risk factors for follicular lymphoma (FL), there remains a need for prognostic and predictive biomarkers. In this study, our objective was to identify biomarkers that are reliable indicators of FL relapse and overall survival via high-throughput screening using tissue microarray (TMA).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Records of patients diagnosed with FL between 1982 and 2009 were examined, with results sorted based on survival post-diagnosis. Corresponding patient biopsies were collected to create TMAs for high-throughput immunohistochemistry (IHC) screening of putative FL cancer stem cell (F-SC) markers (ABCG2, Ki67, OCT3/4) and CD20. Positivity was analyzed via digital batch processing method using Image-Pro software and microscopy.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Fifty-nine patients were partitioned into short -(&lt;5 years, n=26) and long- (&gt;15 years, n=33) survival groups. IHC results showed there was no statistically significant difference in CD20 expression (p=0.6378). The results showed an increased expression pattern with significance for all 3 FL-SC markers. Compared with the long-survival group, the short-survival group had significantly higher expression levels of Ki67 (p=0.0275), ABCG2 (p=0.0251) and OCT3/4 (p=0.0226), as well as the combination of all three biomarkers (p=0.0229).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The prognostic biomarkers for FL identified may be used to distinguish those patients who are at greatest risk of relapse and in need of the most aggressive and novel therapies. Qualified prognostic markers for FL may direct clinical decision paradigms on which patients are favorable candidates for early therapy, and will obtain additional insight in the development of targeted regiments and treatment protocols to ameliorate outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Medical Association","volume":"116 4","pages":"Page 433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142089194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statin-Induced Necrotizing Autoimmune Myopathy (SINAM): A Case Report","authors":"Eric M Teichner BA,&nbsp;Arjun B Ashok BA","doi":"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Statins are widely recognized for their efficacy in reducing cardiovascular risk through cholesterol reduction. Their use, however, is occasionally associated with adverse muscular effects, ranging from mild myalgias to statin-induced necrotizing autoimmune myopathies (SINAM). SINAM presents a significant clinical challenge due to persistent muscle weakness and elevated creatine kinase (CK) levels, even after statin withdrawal.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We explored the diagnostic journey of a 69-year-old African-American male with a history of extensive statin use, who presented with progressive muscular weakness and exceptionally high CK levels. A multidisciplinary diagnostic approach was employed, involving comprehensive laboratory testing, electromyography, muscle biopsy, and advanced imaging techniques. The diagnosis of SINAM was confirmed by identifying anti-HMGCR antibodies.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Despite cessation of statin therapy, the patient's muscular symptoms persisted, with laboratory tests revealing remarkably elevated CK levels. The initiation of immunosuppressive therapy, including corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin, led to a gradual improvement in muscle strength and a decrease in CK levels. However, the recovery journey highlighted the chronic nature of SINAM, necessitating ongoing management and careful consideration of long-term immunosuppressive treatment strategies.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This case report emphasizes the critical need for heightened vigilance and a high index of suspicion among healthcare providers when patients present with unexplained muscle weakness and elevated CK levels following statin use. Early and accurate diagnosis of SINAM, followed by the prompt initiation of immunosuppressive therapy, is paramount in preventing irreversible muscle damage and optimizing patient outcomes. Future research should focus on elucidating the precise mechanisms underlying SINAM, identifying at-risk populations, and developing targeted treatment protocols.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Medical Association","volume":"116 4","pages":"Page 434"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142089196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"URiM Trainees’ Attitudes Towards Research Participation: A Pilot Survey","authors":"Madison A Masters BS,&nbsp;Alexis Mbakwe MS,&nbsp;Erin Johnson PhD,&nbsp;Sierra Mills MS,&nbsp;M. Keith Rawlings MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>In 2021 the NIH acknowledged the role of structural racism in research, including the systematic exclusion of diseaseaffected individuals in favor of cohorts that resemble the “census” population. To address future racial exclusion, understanding the attitudes towards research among current Underrepresented in Medicine (URiM) trainees is essential.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>An ad-hoc survey of trainees (pre-medical students, medical students, and residents) was conducted at the 2024 Student National Medical Association (SNMA) Annual Medical Education Conference (AMEC). Demographic data was collected, and participants were surveyed on their experiences as research subjects. The anonymous survey was conducted via Microsoft Forms; deidentified data was stored securely on SNMA servers.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Out of approximately 3500 attendees, 158 (4.5%) completed surveys. Most were current medical students (76.6%), and identified as Black (93.7%), and as female/women (65.8%). Most respondents (71.5%) had never been a research subject and 64.6% had never been invited. Non-participation was mainly due to scheduling conflicts (35.4%), ineligibility (21.5%), and being unaware of opportunities (12%). Only 8% of respondents cited historical mistrust or friend/family concerns.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This pilot survey of AMEC attendees suggests URiM trainees have infrequently been asked to participate in research as subjects, despite possible interest. Contrary to popular narratives, most respondents indicated that logistical concerns, not concerns of historical mistrust, drive underrepresentation in research studies, even among medical trainees. Future directions include surveying trainees’ experiences joining research teams, and further analyses by geographics, age, and levels of training.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Medical Association","volume":"116 4","pages":"Page 423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142089241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Barriers of Health Career Pursuit for Urban Youth","authors":"Christina M Randolph DO, MPH,&nbsp;Toluwalope Odukoya MD,&nbsp;Ifeywina Mbanefo MS,&nbsp;Adam Perzynski PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Healthcare workforce diversity is linked to improvements in health outcomes and healthcare spending. Barriers to increasing diversity in the health professions exist across all stages of educational development, including the K-12 level. This study qualitatively explores educational stakeholders’ perspectives of barriers and opportunities in pursuing health careers among youth in an urban Midwest city.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Snowball methodology among known network contacts was used to recruit educational stakeholders within Greater Cleveland. Key healthcare stakeholders were also invited to participate. Semi-structured interviews were performed to explore key questions including perceived challenges and opportunities in students pursuit of health careers and perspectives of ways that schools and health systems could work together to increase interest in health careers.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Fifteen stakeholders participated with roles including teacher, assistant principal, administrator, school social worker, and career tech coordinators. Key healthcare stakeholder roles included DEI and workforce development professionals. Thematic analysis identified enabling and disabling factors at the personal, household, school and community levels. Such themes included parental awareness, early adult stress, school support, and role modeling. Participants highlighted an interest in both hands on experiences for students and relationships with health professionals. A suggested model of increasing student interest included experiential learning after health professionals first cultivate relationships with students.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Educational stakeholders are an important voice in the conversation of increasing diversity in the health professions. Based on their perspectives, key priorities are multifaceted and should include role modeling and relationship building with students.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Medical Association","volume":"116 4","pages":"Page 424"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142089242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of pancreatic cancer treatment and survival disparities in Florida throughout the Covid-19 pandemic","authors":"Guettchina Telisnor ,&nbsp;Alexander Lim ,&nbsp;Zhongyue Zhang ,&nbsp;XiangYang Lou ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Nassour ,&nbsp;Ramzi G. Salloum ,&nbsp;Sherise C. Rogers","doi":"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is currently the third-leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. African Americans (AAs) with PDAC have worse survival in comparison to other racial groups. The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant stress to the healthcare system. We aim to evaluate the pandemic's impact on already known disparities in newly diagnosed patients with PDAC in Florida.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This is a retrospective analysis of newly diagnosed patients with PDAC in the OneFlorida+ Data Trust based upon date of diagnosis: Pre-pandemic (01/01/2017- 09/30/2019), Transition (10/01/2019-02/28/2020), and Pandemic (03/1/2020-10/31/2020). Primary endpoints are time to treatment initiation and rate of surgery and secondary endpoint is survival time. Disparities due to age, sex, race, and income were also evaluated. Chi-squared or Fisher's exact test when necessary, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank test were performed to compare the differences between the comparative groups for categorical, quantitative, and survival outcomes, respectively. Multivariable regression analyses were conducted to estimate the effects of cofactors.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>934 patients with a median age of 67 years were included. There were 47.8% females and 52.2% males; 19.4% AA, 70.2% Caucasian, 10.4% Other race; median income was $53,551. While we observed a significant reduction in the diagnosis rate of new PDAC cases during the pandemic, there were no significant differences in demographic distributions among the three cohorts. Time to treatment did not significantly change from the pre-pandemic to the pandemic, and no difference was observed across all demographics. Rate of surgery increased significantly from the pre-pandemic (35.8%) to the pandemic (55.6%). AAs in the pre-pandemic cohort had a significantly lower rate of surgery of 25.0% compared to 41.7% in Caucasians. AAs, patients ≥ 67 years, and income &lt; $53,000 had significantly higher hazards to death and shorter median survival time (mST).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>While no differences in time to initial treatment are observed among the newly diagnosed PDAC patients, there remain significant disparities in the rate of surgery and overall survival. Observing a significant reduction in diagnosis rate and analyzing disparities can provide insight into the effect of a resource-restricting pandemic for patients with newly diagnosed PDAC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Medical Association","volume":"116 4","pages":"Pages 328-337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0027968424000889/pdfft?md5=43749d13b3699b83775b3d1827de99bf&pid=1-s2.0-S0027968424000889-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141899331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe Retiform Purpura with Cryoglobulinemia","authors":"Ayomide Akinsooto MS,&nbsp;Katherine Smith MD,&nbsp;Sandra Osswald MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Mixed cryoglobulinemia is a rare systemic vasculitis characterized by the presence of cryoglobulins precipitating at low temperatures. These proteins can impede blood flow, leading to a variety of symptoms such as purpura, skin ulcers, and multi-organ impairment in severe cases. This condition presents diagnostic challenges due to its variable clinical presentation and relatively rare nature. This report details the case of a 41-year-old African American female with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on peritoneal dialysis, initially suspected to have calciphylaxis, who was ultimately diagnosed with mixed cryoglobulinemia.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The patient's clinical presentation of bilateral thigh and breast wounds associated with severe pain, prompted a thorough clinical workup. Punch biopsies were taken from areas of new retiform purpura and examined with H&amp;E and Von Kossa staining. Extensive lab work and serological analysis were obtained to help identify the underlying etiology.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Biopsy examination was indicative of vasculopathy and comprehensive serologic analysis detected quantitative cryoglobulins, confirming non-infectious mixed cryoglobulinemia. Despite therapeutic interventions, the patient succumbed to complications associated with ESRD and secondary infections.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This case highlights the complexity of problems seen in ESRD patients on dialysis. When presented with a patient with ESRD with retiform purpura in fatty areas, calciphylaxis should be considered. If refractory or severe, a search for additional causes should be performed. Given its relatively rare nature, physicians must have a high index of suspicion to consider mixed cryoglobulinemia. Secondary complications in ESRD patients with retiform purpura are common, and continued surveillance for infectious complications is recommended.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Medical Association","volume":"116 4","pages":"Page 427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142089247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Association Between School Victimization and Binge Drinking Among Sexual Minority Youth","authors":"Taylor Thaxton BA, MPH,&nbsp;Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Alcohol use among high school students, particularly high-risk drinking behaviors, are a significant public health concern. Substance use during adolescence is associated with increased risk of both acute and long-term adverse health outcomes. Sexual minority youth (SMY) are more likely to initiate alcohol use at a younger age and engage in binge drinking when compared to their heterosexual peers. There are also significant differences between the risky alcohol use behaviors among sexual minority identities. Recent research has suggested school-based victimization disproportionately impacts SMY and is associated with an increased risk of binge drinking. Through this study we hope to determine the association between binge drinking and sexual identity among high school students and assess if school-based victimization moderates this relationship</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross sectional study utilized data from a nationally representative sample of United States high school students (n=26,675) collected in the 2017 and 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between sexual minority identity and binge drinking. In addition, we tested for moderation of the relationship by school-based victimization.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>When compared to their heterosexual peers, bisexual female students were significantly more likely to report binge drinking within the past 30 days. School-based victimization moderate this association.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Bisexual females are at a higher risk of participating in binge drinking when compared to their heterosexual counterparts. Our results suggest interventions to reduce school-based victimization may play an important role in addressing risky drinking behavior in this population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Medical Association","volume":"116 4","pages":"Page 451"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142089250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial disparities in quality of life in Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma","authors":"Christina Asare BS,&nbsp;Shamey A Kassim BS,&nbsp;Jessica Brown-Korsah MD,&nbsp;Dan Hippe MS,&nbsp;Ellen Kim MD,&nbsp;Michi M Shinohara MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a key outcome for patients with Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma (CTCL). The incidence of CTCL is higher in Black/African-American (Black/AA) compared to white patients. This study aims to identify if racial disparity in HRQoL exists among CTCL patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Patients who self identified as Black/AA were purposefully enrolled and patients who self identified as white were used as controls. Participants were ask to complete the FACT-G, SkinDex-29, and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Itch Scale. The primary outcome evaluated was differences in health-related quality of life as assessed by the FACT-G/SkinDex-29, and VAS itch scale by race (Black/AA versus white/other).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Seventy-one participants were enrolled, the median age was 62y. The cohort was predominately male with 39% identifying as Black/AA. The majority (86%) had MF and early-stage disease (IA-IIA). FACT-G scores were lower for Black/AA participants compared to white participants, with median scores of 77 and 92 {P=0.007}, respectively. Skindex-29 scores for Black/AA participants were higher compared to white participants, with median scores of 31 and 20 {P=0.035}, respectively. Black/AA participants also reported higher degrees of itch (2.2/10) than white participants (1.0/10).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In our cohort, participants with MF/SS identifying as Black/AA experienced worse HRQoL. The racial disparity in HRQoL was consistent across instruments and study sites. The reasons for this racial disparity are likely complex. Future studies should attempt to further discern underlying determinants contributing to these disparities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Medical Association","volume":"116 4","pages":"Page 426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142087004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of an Implementation Research Framework in Community-Engaged Dietary Intervention","authors":"Nicole Farmer MD,&nbsp;Stephanie Wildridge,&nbsp;Ralph Tuason,&nbsp;Rebecca Metellus,&nbsp;Ayanna Wells,&nbsp;Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley,&nbsp;Gwenyth R. Wallen","doi":"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>African-Americans have an increased risk for diet-related diseases. Cooking is a dietary behavior that increases self-efficacy and social support, factors shown to be efficacious in optimizing diet. However, the overall inclusion of African-Americans within dietary interventions remains a key gap area for addressing diet-related disparities. The use of implementation frameworks, such as RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) for planning interventions may assist in improving inclusion of African-American predominate communities in dietary interventions.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>DC COOKS is a community-engaged cooking behavior intervention in Washington, D.C. The study population (n=35) are AfricanAmerican adults living within a low food access area with at least one reported risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The study was developed with a community advisory board, formative research including focus groups (n=20) and community-wide recruitment strategies were conducted. A review of study planning, formative research and recruitment strategies were evaluated according to REAIM framework to inform potential implementation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Community Reach was demonstrated by representation of individuals from multiple segments of the neighborhood areas in the study. Effectiveness and adoption by measuring quality of life, economic costs, post-intervention acceptability, and organization interest in adopting the intervention. Implementation and Maintenance will be aided by the use of technology for intervention delivery, inclusion of community food organizations and nutrition education to participants.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Use of the RE-AIM framework for planning a dietary intervention may aid in the inclusion of African-Americans living within a low food access area in dietary interventions and community-level implementation of the intervention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Medical Association","volume":"116 4","pages":"Pages 418-419"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142087072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}