Journal of The Energy Institute最新文献

{"title":"Exploring 3-D morphology and mechanical properties for the soot particles produced within a transient diesel reacting jet spray flame under diesel engine-like operating conditions by using atomic force microscopy (AFM)","authors":"Yifeng Wang ,&nbsp;Yuan Zhuang ,&nbsp;Zhongwen Zhu ,&nbsp;Yanzhou Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, soot particles were directly sampled within a transient reacting jet spray flame under conditions close to practical diesel engine combustion based on the principle of the thermophoretic probe sampling. The experiments were performed in a constant volume combustion chamber (CVCC) with five ambient oxygen concentrations (O₂: 21 %, 18 %, 15 %, 12 %, 9 %), accompanied by the subsequent 3-D atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging to examine not only to what extent the 3-D morphology of the soot particles samples but also their mechanical properties were affected by the variations in the oxygen concentration in the CVCC.</div><div>The results showed relatively larger particles were observed in the 3-D AFM images, indicating soot coagulation occurred at the very beginning of combustion process. Three different types of morphology were found for isolated particles samples. The equivalent diameter (ED) of the samples exhibited a broad distribution of about 2–100 nm. When the ambient oxygen concentration was reduced from 12 % to 9 %, similar distribution patterns of ED were found, especially over the range ED &lt; 10 nm. The population-averaged ED decreased firstly and then increased, and was found to decrease again as the oxygen concentration was gradually lowered. The distribution of sphericity ratio for the particles samples fell within the range of 0–0.35, and very low sphericity ratio values (&lt;0.1) were found for most of the isolated particles samples.</div><div>Three types of force curves were found for the particles samples. The attractive force fell within the range of 1.4–4.8 nN for all the cases studied. As the ambient oxygen concentration was lowered, the population-averaged attractive force decreased from 2.60 nN to 2.23 nN. The Van der Waals force accounted for over 65 % of the attractive force, and thus played a dominant role in the attractive force. The adhesive force mainly fell within the range of 10–24 nN. As the oxygen concentration was gradually lowered, the population-averaged adhesive force increased from 14.19 to 14.46 nN; the adhesive energy fell within the range of 0–5.1 × 10⁻¹⁶ J, and the population-averaged adhesive energy decreased initially from 1.92 × 10⁻¹⁶ J to 1.79 × 10⁻¹⁶ J, and then increased to 1.89 × 10⁻¹⁶ J. Especially, it was found that the population-averaged adhesive energy was four orders of magnitude higher than the thermal kinetic energy. The Young's modulus fell within the range of 15–520 MPa, while the population-averaged Young's modulus fell within the range of 205–235 MPa, and the population-averaged Young's modulus showed a completely opposite trend to that of the fringe separation distance as the oxygen concentration was lowered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102067"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study the spray and combustion of diesel and ammonia engine under cross and horizontally-opposed dual direct injection","authors":"Chunguang Wang ,&nbsp;Zhanming Chen ,&nbsp;Tao Li ,&nbsp;Pengyun Zhao ,&nbsp;Hao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonia is increasingly recognized as a promising zero-carbon renewable energy source for internal combustion engines. The dual direct injection combustion method, which utilizes diesel to ignite ammonia, represents a highly effective strategy for employing ammonia as an engine fuel. This study investigates the spray and combustion characteristics of diesel and ammonia at injection angles of 90° and 180° using optical diagnostic techniques in a constant volume combustion chamber. The results indicate that, compared to the 90° injection angle, the 180° injection angle enhances the axial diffusion and evaporation rates of the collision spray while inhibiting both radial diffusion and evaporation rates. An increase in injection pressure further promotes both axial and radial diffusion and evaporation rates, significantly improving the atomization characteristics of the collision spray. At the 180° injection angle, the collision spray exhibits greater turbulence, facilitating thorough mixing of fuel and air. This results in prolonged ignition delays and combustion durations, an increased flame area, and reduced soot emissions. Specifically, compared to the 90° injection angle, soot emissions from the 180° injection angle at 60 and 100 MPa decreased by 32.03 % and 5.43 %, respectively. Similarly, while increasing injection pressure effectively mitigates soot emissions, this improvement is inhibited at the 180° injection angle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102076"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence mechanism of AAEMs on the pyrolysis of coal density-separated fractions: Insights from combining TGA, in-situ Raman spectroscopy and in-situ EPR technique","authors":"Qichen He ,&nbsp;Zhenyi Du ,&nbsp;Honghao He ,&nbsp;Jun Xu ,&nbsp;Xu Jiang ,&nbsp;Long Jiang ,&nbsp;Kai Xu ,&nbsp;Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Sheng Su ,&nbsp;Song Hu ,&nbsp;Jun Xiang","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, in-situ Raman and in-situ Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy combining thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were developed to investigate the effects of alkali and alkaline earth metallic species (AAEMs) on the evolution of Zhundong coal (a typical AAEMs-rich coal) density-separated fractions including &lt;1.40 g/cm³, 1.40–1.45 g/cm³, 1.45–1.50 g/cm³ and &gt;1.50 g/cm³ during pyrolysis. The inherent AAEMs in the Zhundong coal mainly exist as Na and Ca. For occurrence characteristics of AAEMs, the relative amount of ion-exchangeable AAEMs is close between density-separated fractions, and the water-soluble and HCl-soluble AAEMs mainly exist in the &gt;1.50 g/cm³ fraction. The pyrolysis weight loss and the maximum mass loss rate (R_max) decrease with the increases of the fraction's density. The chemical structure and the occurrence characteristics of AAEMs of density-separated fractions have a combined effect on their pyrolysis characteristics. At the devolatilization stage of the pyrolysis, water-soluble AAEMs promote the release of active components, accelerate the formation of more stable bonds between AAEMs and char matrix and inhibit the release of the 1–2 aromatic rings in char especially for the &lt;1.40 g/cm³ fraction. In this stage, the formation of the cross-linking structures and 3–5 aromatic rings especially for the &gt;1.50 g/cm³ fraction, and the coupling of free radicals especially for the &lt;1.40 g/cm³ fraction are promoted. At the aromatization polymerization stage, the effects of water-soluble Na/K are obvious, especially for the &lt;1.40 g/cm³ fraction. The divalent AAEMs all can inhibit the condensation of aromatic rings and improve the reactivity of stable free radicals, especially for water-soluble divalent AAEMs in the &gt;1.50 g/cm³ fraction. Good correlations between pyrolysis reactivity and in-situ chemical structure were found and established. It was expected to direct the coal utilization based on integrated cascade stages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102071"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evaluation of the performance and catalytic mechanism of high-temperature-induced Ni/Al2O3 in the hydrodeoxygenation of lignin","authors":"Long-Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao-Fan Tang ,&nbsp;Min Li ,&nbsp;Hong-Yu Ding ,&nbsp;Xian-Yong Wei ,&nbsp;Xing-Shun Cong ,&nbsp;Li Li","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Selectively converting lignin is advantageous for the advancement of renewable energy. Strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) in a catalyst significantly influences its catalytic activity during lignin conversion. Therefore, reasonable regulation of SMSI can effectively enhance the catalyst activity. Nickel layered double hydroxide (Ni-LDH) was prepared by in-situ method. An induced oxidation strategy, which involves regulating the surface reconstruction process of the catalyst by controlling the oxidation temperature during the oxidation stage, was also revealed. Consequently, Ni/Al₂O₃-600, featuring SMSI, was successfully prepared and demonstrated effective catalysis in the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of lignin into cyclanes. Ni/Al₂O₃-600, prepared at the optimal calcination temperature of 600 °C, exhibits on high activity for the HDO of lignin, achieving a soluble portion yield of 95.3 %. Furthermore, the lignin-related model compound phenoxyethylbenzene (PEB) was completely converted over Ni/Al₂O₃. The frontier molecular orbital structure of the intermediates of PEB was determined by calculation with density functional theory, and a mechanism for the HDO of PEB over Ni/Al₂O₃ was also proposed. This strategy offers a theoretical framework for the value-added utilization of lignin and the expansion of liquid fuel sources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102074"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on machine learning prediction of bio-oil yield from biomass and plastic Co-pyrolysis","authors":"Chenxi Zhao ,&nbsp;Qi Xia ,&nbsp;Siyu Wang ,&nbsp;Xueying Lu ,&nbsp;Wenjing Yue ,&nbsp;Aihui Chen ,&nbsp;Juhui Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The co-pyrolysis of biomass and plastics can effectively enhance the quality of bio-oil. The application of machine learning techniques to predict bio-oil yield helps optimize the production of co-pyrolysis bio-oil. This study develops machine learning models for predicting bio-oil yield based on Deep Neural Networks (DNN) and Lightweight Gradient Boosting Machines. The study innovatively integrates the pyrolysis data of the three major components of biomass (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin), both individually and in mixtures, into the co-pyrolysis prediction model, overcoming the limitations of traditional studies that focus solely on the overall characteristics of biomass. The results show that the DNN model outperforms others, with the incorporation of biomass component data significantly improving the prediction accuracy of co-pyrolysis bio-oil yield, increasing the R² from 0.817 to 0.931, with an average absolute error of 3.583 and a root mean square error of 4.573. Additionally, analyses using Shapley additive explanations and Pearson correlation coefficients reveal significant changes in the feature importance ranking of the model, dynamically unveiling the impact mechanism of data expansion on feature weights. For the first time, the synergistic effect of plastic proportion and hydrogen content is explicitly identified. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of biomass pyrolysis mechanisms, thereby enhancing the economic value of co-pyrolysis bio-oil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102069"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of organic components in coal tar by pressurized fluid extraction in conjunction with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry","authors":"Xu Ren ,&nbsp;Jin-Hui Yang ,&nbsp;Jiang-Fen Duan ,&nbsp;Xiu-Lin Feng ,&nbsp;Yue Zhang ,&nbsp;Lang Liu ,&nbsp;Ya-Kun Tang ,&nbsp;Xiao-Dong Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coal tar (CT) is an important source of high-value chemicals (phenols and arenes), and accurate analysis of CT is crucial for extracting these chemicals. In this study, pressurized fluid extraction (PFE) was used to simplify the analysis of medium- and low-temperature coal tar (M/LTCT). The extract was analyzed with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC/TOF-MS) to identify the M/LTCT organic components (M/LTCTOC). The extraction solvents were effectively screened by examining the composition and structure of the extracts, with acetonitrile extracts containing the highest abundance of high-value compounds such as phenols and arenes. Furthermore, the detected compounds in the M/LTCTOC were accurately identified by GC × GC/TOF-MS according to the separation mechanism of the two columns and the “tile effect” of homologous compounds. A total of 736 organic constituents were identified, including alkanes, alkenes, cycloalkanes, arenes, phenols, and other heteroatom-containing organic compounds. Biomarkers were also identified and analyzed in detail. Compared with the conventional GC/MS analysis of complex mixtures, GC × GC/TOF-MS can effectively enhance the separation of organic compounds, avoid co-elution of compounds, reveal more structural and compositional details of M/LTCTOCs, and ensure the efficient separation and identification of high-value compounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102073"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalytic steam gasification of pine sawdust for hydrogen-rich syngas production in a decoupled triple bed reaction system","authors":"Yu Yang,&nbsp;Pingping Tang,&nbsp;Yican Jiang,&nbsp;Daiyang Long,&nbsp;Junyu Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present work, a novel decoupled biomass gasification system was proposed, aiming at improving the syngas quality, particularly increasing the H₂ yield, as well as decreasing the tar and CO₂ contents. Pine sawdust was used as the raw material, and a series of gasification experiments were primarily performed in a three-stage fixed bed reactor, to investigate the effects of pyrolysis, gasification and reforming temperatures, steam flow rate, peroxide coefficient, NiO load rate and CaO/biochar mass ratio on its gasification properties. Moreover, the total gas yield, tar content, low heating value of syngas, gasification efficiency and carbon conversion efficiency were examined. The results indicated that a high reaction temperature was able to facilitate the tar cracking and H₂ production. With increasing steam flow rate and peroxide coefficient, the total gas yield and H₂ content first rose and then reduced, while the tar content showed an opposite trend. The modification of NiO on Fe-based oxygen carriers (OCs) enhanced the tar destruction and total gas yield, particularly the H₂ concentration. Furthermore, CaO/biochar played a dual role as the CO₂ sorbent at a lower temperature but as the catalyst at a higher temperature. Specially, separately adopting NiO/Fe-based OCs and CaO/biochar as the solid-phase gasification agent and CO₂ sorbent, a product syngas with the H₂ and its total gas yield of 0.54 and 0.86 Nm³/kg, and the CO₂ and tar content of 0.07 Nm³/kg and 123.43 g/Nm³ was obtained at the pyrolysis, gasification and reforming temperatures of 700, 700 and 800 °C, peroxide coefficient of 0.1, steam flow rate of 0.4 ml/min, NiO load rate of 15 %, and CaO/biochar mass ratio of 3. This study provides a basis data for the application of PS gasification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102072"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143631917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outstanding low-temperature activity and stability of NiCo alloy catalysts derived from NiCoAl-LDHs for CO2 methanation","authors":"Fanying Zhang ,&nbsp;Bin Lu ,&nbsp;Linlin Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compared with monometallic catalysts, alloy catalysts demonstrate inferior catalytic advantages because of the synergistic promotion effect of bimetal. Here, we prepared NiCo alloy catalysts using NiCoAl-LDHs as precursors by thermal method and used them for the CO₂ methanation reaction. The Ni₇Co₃-R alloy catalyst exhibits outstanding low-temperature catalytic activity (200–300 °C) in the CO₂ methanation reaction, and has not been deactivated at 300 °C for 180 h. The synergistic effect of Ni and Co in the alloy catalysts is beneficial to reduce the particle size, promote the reduction of the catalysts and increase the number of moderately basic sites, which are beneficial to the adsorption of CO₂ and the formation of CH₄. Further, the hydrotalcite-derived NiCo alloy catalysts have a unique mosaic structure, thereby significantly improving the stability of catalysts. The in-situ FTIR analysis confirm the CO₂ methanation reaction via the CO∗ pathway over Ni₇Co₃Al-R catalyst. This work has a certain guiding effect on the preparation of Ni-base catalysts with excellent low-temperature activity and high stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102070"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigations on the low temperature reforming combustion of n-butanol/n-heptane mixtures utilized on an optical engine","authors":"Chao Geng ,&nbsp;Xiaoteng Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanqing Cui ,&nbsp;Haifeng Liu ,&nbsp;Mingfa Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>N-butanol is a highly potential carbon-neutral fuel because it can be obtained from the fermentation of woody stems, straw, agricultural waste, etc. Which contains cellulose biomass and lignin. Studying low-temperature reforming combustion of n-butanol can provide an important reference value for its application in compression ignition engines and provide a potential solution to the condition expansion and cold start problems at homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI). Therefore, this paper used n-heptane as the diesel characterization fuel on an optical engine, and studied the effects of different reforming temperatures (623 K, 523 K, 423 K) on the low-temperature reforming combustion of n-butanol/n-heptane mixtures (B30, B50, B70) through a homemade low-temperature fuel reforming system. This paper used flame self-luminous high-speed imaging technology to reveal the flame development process and combustion characteristics. The results show that low-temperature reforming delays the ignition delay of B30 and B50 but advances the ignition delay of B70. When the reforming temperature increases, the maximum pressure rise rate of B50 and B30 decreases, the flame development rate slows, and the flame self-luminescence brightness weakens. At the same time, the flame development mode gradually changes from being dominated by sequential spontaneous combustion to being dominated by flame propagation. For B70, as the reforming temperature increases, the maximum pressure rise rate increases first and then reduces, the flame development rate accelerates, and the combustion becomes more intense. In addition, the flame development mode gradually changes from flame propagation dominated to sequential spontaneous combustion dominated. In general, the more n-butanol is added to the mixtures, the slower the flame develops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102066"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143631711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of H2, CO2, and H2O on the laminar burning velocity and reaction kinetics of methane/air flames under lean combustion conditions","authors":"Jiayi Lin ,&nbsp;Zhongqian Ling ,&nbsp;Jiamin Li ,&nbsp;Dingkun Yuan ,&nbsp;Xianyang Zeng ,&nbsp;Jiangrong Xu ,&nbsp;Xinlu Han","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With increasing focus on clean energy, the combustion characteristics of methane, especially its laminar burning velocity, have garnered significant attention. This study presents a numerical investigation of the laminar burning velocity of methane/air mixtures incorporating various additives, using three different models. In addition to the laminar burning velocity, peak mole fractions of O, OH, and CH₃ at their maximum concentrations were analyzed, along with a sensitivity analysis conducted under the maximum temperature gradients. The results indicate that the behavior of methane flames varies with the addition of different gases. The addition of H₂ leads to a nearly linear increase in laminar burning velocity, accompanied by a slight rise in the mole concentrations of H and OH, while the concentration of CH₃ remains nearly unchanged. However, the addition of CO₂ and H₂O results in a decrease in laminar burning velocity, radical mole concentrations, and flame temperature. Furthermore, the impact of overall activation energy and overall activation order on the laminar burning velocity of the global one-step reaction is also discussed in detail. In summary, the addition of H₂ does not significantly affect either the overall activation energy or overall activation order, whereas CO₂ and H₂O contribute to reductions in both parameters. These findings could be beneficial to practical applications, including Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) and Carbon Capture Utilization Storage (CCUS).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102075"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}