Journal of The Energy Institute最新文献

{"title":"Conventional and unconventional gas emissions and particle matter emissions of methanol CI engine with different EHN addition and compression ratios","authors":"Yangyi Wu ,&nbsp;Zhixiong Huang ,&nbsp;Haifeng Liu ,&nbsp;Zunqing Zheng ,&nbsp;Xiaoteng Zhang ,&nbsp;Chao Jin ,&nbsp;Zhao Zhang ,&nbsp;Mingfa Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2024.101924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2024.101924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Methanol, as a carbon-neutral resource, exhibits significant potential in the automotive sector, but its fuel characteristics are not easily compression ignited. In this experimental study, various strategies such as the preheating of the intake charge, augmentation of the compression ratio, and the introduction of 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (EHN) as an additive were implemented to enhance the combustion stability of pure methanol. In this study, an investigation was conducted on the combustion, fuel economy, and emission characteristics of pure methanol in a heavy-duty diesel engine. The experimental results revealed that the compression ratio of 21.5:1 had a more significant effect in reducing the ignition delay and combustion duration than the addition of 7 % EHN. Further, the compression ratio of 21.5:1 also improved brake thermal efficiency (BTE) by 4 %–11.9 %. In terms of emissions, with the addition of EHN in methanol under the lower compression ratio, NO and methanol emissions were higher. The peak particulate concentration and size of methanol gradually increased with load increasing. The incorporation of EHN resulted in an elevation in both the concentration and size, but still lower than those of diesel fuel. Based on the synergistic optimization of compression ratio and EHN addition ratio, the intake temperature required for achieving stable combustion was reduced, from 290 °C down to 70 °C, which was basically equivalent to 50 °C for diesel. The peak BTE of 30.19 % was achieved under the compression ratio of 21.5:1 and with the addition of 3 % EHN. This represented an 8.29 % improvement compared to the BTE of diesel fuel at the speed of 1144 rpm and the BMEP of 0.22 MPa. Thus, the pure methanol compression-ignition engine can reach the higher-efficiency, clean, and stable operation based on higher compression ratio (21.5:1) and low-ratio EHN addition (3 %), with a relatively normal intake temperature (70 °C).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 101924"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143176602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of flame-wall impingement on heat transfer characteristics and soot migration in methane inverse diffusion flames","authors":"Runmin Wu ,&nbsp;Xudong Song ,&nbsp;Wenju Zhang ,&nbsp;Juntao Wei ,&nbsp;Jiaofei Wang ,&nbsp;Peng Lv ,&nbsp;Guangsuo Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2024.101937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2024.101937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flame-wall collisions are common in industrial and household applications. Therefore, it is very important to carry out detailed research of flame structure and soot generation during flame-wall impingement. In this study, the reaction characteristics and soot distribution of impinging wall flames at different equivalence ratios (λ) and impact heights (L) were studied by means of spectral diagnosis and CFD simulation. The results noted that the increase of λ causes the OH∗ peak intensities and soot concentration to rise and then decrease, reaching a maximum value at λ = 0.5. With the increase of λ, the amount of precursor polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (A1-A4) decreased while the soot particles growth rate increased. When λ &gt; 0.5, the soot oxidation is faster than the soot generation, and the soot is gradually oxidized, so that the soot concentration is the highest when λ = 0.5. With the increase of L, the jet flame fully develops before the impact plate, and the flame brightness gradually increases. The increase of the L leads to a weakening of the methane-oxygen mixing and at the same time to a gradual loss of the kinetic energy of the flame along the impingement plate, which further causes an increase of the temperature and the soot content in the region where the flame jet is fully developed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 101937"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143176610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of thermoacoustic instability and emission behaviors of lean premixed biogas/ammonia flame","authors":"Dongliang Wei ,&nbsp;Huaan Li ,&nbsp;Hao Fang ,&nbsp;Hao Zhou ,&nbsp;Hui Li ,&nbsp;Hongtao Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Hu ,&nbsp;Huanxiang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2024.101923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2024.101923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonia and biogas are promising renewable fuels that can reduce carbon emissions. This paper studies thermoacoustic instability and emission behaviors of biogas/ammonia co-firing swirl flame. The effects of CO₂ proportion in biogas (<span><math><mrow><msub><msub><mi>χ</mi><mtext>CO</mtext></msub><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></math></span>), ammonia proportion (<span><math><mrow><msub><msub><mi>χ</mi><mtext>NH</mtext></msub><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></math></span>) and equivalence ratio (Φ) on combustion characteristics were considered. A chemical reactor network (CRN) was established to advance comprehension regarding NO emission. The results show that high Φ and <span><math><mrow><msub><msub><mi>χ</mi><mtext>CO</mtext></msub><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> are more conducive to simultaneously suppressing thermoacoustic instability and NO emissions. Lower <span><math><mrow><msub><msub><mi>χ</mi><mtext>CO</mtext></msub><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> flame appears to have intense thermoacoustic instability when Φ near 0.90, and the instability intensity is significantly weakened when <span><math><mrow><msub><msub><mi>χ</mi><mtext>CO</mtext></msub><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> exceeds 20%. The CO₂ in the mixture inhibits NO formation but promotes CO formation. The CRN results show that CO₂ in biogas reduces NO emissions by inhibiting the HNO pathway and promoting the NHi pathway. This study furnishes a foundation for advancing clean and efficient low-carbon combustion systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 101923"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143176810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valorization of Cyanophyta by hydrothermal carbonization: Co-production of CO2 adsorbents and fluorescent carbon dots","authors":"Han Xu ,&nbsp;Lili Qian ,&nbsp;Wenyu Ma ,&nbsp;Yanxin Wang ,&nbsp;Dan Fang ,&nbsp;Xiao Liu ,&nbsp;Chuan Yuan ,&nbsp;Bo Zhang ,&nbsp;Yingdong Xu ,&nbsp;Yamin Hu ,&nbsp;Yang Guo ,&nbsp;Donghai Xu ,&nbsp;Pavel A. Strizhak ,&nbsp;Shuang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2024.101916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2024.101916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Cyanophyta</em> blooms can lead to eutrophication and generate algal toxins. To reduce their environmental risks, hydrothermal carbonization was innovatively applied to simultaneously produce activated carbon (AC) and carbon dots (CDs). AC was further used for CO₂ adsorption while CDs were for preparing fluorescent materials. Yields of AC and CDs were investigated under mild conditions of 160–240 °C and 15–240 min. Characterization results show that AC exhibited a large specific surface area of 990 m² g⁻¹ and pore volume of 1.14 cm³ g⁻¹, contributing to high CO₂ adsorption capacities of 3.26 mmol g⁻¹ (0 °C) and 2.06 mmol g⁻¹ (25 °C). Additionally, nitrogen and oxygen self-doping heteroatoms CDs, with a photoluminescence quantum yield of 2.58 %, emitted stable blue fluorescence under the ultraviolet light and were successfully applied to produce invisible ink. This work provides a paradigm for CO₂ reduction and high-value material synthesis via the thermochemical conversion of hazardous biomass.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 101916"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143176811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical screening method of oxygen carriers with high lattice oxygen activity towards CO oxidation","authors":"Xiaobiao Ma,&nbsp;Jing Liu,&nbsp;Yingju Yang,&nbsp;Xue Lv,&nbsp;Xin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of oxygen carriers with superior performance is crucial for chemical looping combustion. Here, the theoretical screening method based on two reactivity descriptors was proposed via the density functional theory calculations in order to screen the transition-metal-doped perovskite-type oxygen carriers. Experiments were conducted to comprehensively investigate the effects of transition-metal doping on the reaction characteristic of LaMnO₃ oxygen carrier with CO. The theoretical results indicate that the doping of Fe, Co, Ni and Cu can reduce the formation energy of oxygen vacancy on the LaMnO₃ surface. The substitution of Co and Cu can improve the reaction rate of CO oxidation, while CO oxidation is inhibited after the doping of Fe and Ni. Among them, Co-doped LaMnO₃ has the lowest activation barrier of 51.06 kJ/mol during CO oxidation. Experimental results demonstrate that Co- and Cu-doped LaMnO₃ show better activity than undoped LaMnO₃ at the lower temperatures, which is consistent with the theoretical screening results. Co doping can still improve the reaction rate of oxygen carrier at the higher temperatures. Moreover, the doping of Co can further enhance the oxygen release property of LaMnO₃. The weight loss of LaMnO₃ increases from 8.67 % to 9.09 % after Co doping. Co-LaMnO₃ also exhibits good sintering resistance and can be used as a promising oxygen carrier during chemical looping combustion. This work paves a new way to design and screen highly efficient oxygen carriers for chemical looping combustion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102021"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on the impact of air equivalence ratio on the characteristics of lignite coal partial gasification products in fluidized bed","authors":"Bin Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhihua Tian ,&nbsp;Qinhui Wang,&nbsp;Dong Ma,&nbsp;Ruiqing Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To promote the efficient and clean utilization of inferior coals such as lignite, this study investigated the impact of air equivalence ratios (ER) on the partial gasification performance and product characteristics of lignite in a self-constructed fluidized bed reactor. The three-phase products of char, syngas and tar were characterized using GC-MS, FTIR, Raman, BET and TG. Results indicated that as ER increased from 0.06 to 0.14, the reaction of Shaerhu coal (SC) transitioned from pyrolysis to gasification. The percentage content of combustible gas components (CGC) in the syngas initially increased and then decreased, while the CGC yield continued to rise. Syngas achieved a maximum lower heating value of 2.15 MJ/Nm³ at an ER of 0.08 and a maximum gasification efficiency of 24.09 % at an ER of 0.14. The yields of char and tar decreased as ER increased. The tar was dominated by phenolic compounds and monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives, with heavier components (&gt;C₂₀) shifting towards lighter fractions (&lt;C₁₀). Char combustion characteristics decreased gradually with increasing ER. As ER increased from 0.06 to 0.1, the content of oxygen-containing functional groups in char increased to its peak and the char structure became most disordered. When ER exceeded 0.1, these functional groups were consumed, leading to a more ordered char structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102008"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation characteristics of volatile organic compounds during co-heating of municipal sewage sludge and municipal solid waste incineration fly ash","authors":"Yiwen Qian,&nbsp;Daolun Liang,&nbsp;Dekui Shen,&nbsp;Xiaojia Wang,&nbsp;Fan Wang,&nbsp;Shengjie Bai,&nbsp;Yu Lan","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Co-heating of municipal sewage sludge (MS) and municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (FA) can effectively reduce the formation concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in solid waste, reducing environmental pollution while achieving solid waste reduction. The effects of co-heating temperature and blending ratio on the formation characteristics of VOCs during the co-heating of MS and FA were investigated through experiments and numerical simulation. Co-heating experiments were conducted using a horizontal tube furnace equipped with a Tenax-TA VOCs adsorption tube. The co-heating was conducted with different FA:MS ratios at 1100 °C to select the optimal blending ratio. The effects of co-heating temperature on VOCs formation characteristics were investigated at the optimal blending ratio. Chemkin software was used to simulate the migration and transformation paths of typical VOCs. The results indicated that the addition of FA inhibited the formation of VOCs. At 1100 °C, an FA:MS ratio of 3:7 was identified as optimal, significantly reducing the VOCs formation concentrations by 98.9 % compared to the theoretical values of VOCs. At this blend ratio, VOCs formation concentrations decreased from 1877.1 ng/L to 240.5 ng/L as the co-heating temperature rose from 800 to 1100 °C. However, a slight increase in VOCs formation concentrations was observed at 1200 °C. Simulation results revealed nine elementary reactions governing benzene transformation, with C₃H₃ identified as a crucial precursor for benzene formation. This study provides a scientific foundation for assessing solid waste compatibility and co-heating temperature to inhibit VOCs formation during municipal solid waste's industrial synergistic thermal disposal process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102016"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent progress on the synergistic preparation of liquid fuels by co-pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass and plastic wastes","authors":"Weiyang Chang ,&nbsp;Xuetao Wang ,&nbsp;Xuyan Xie ,&nbsp;Lili Xing ,&nbsp;Haojie Li ,&nbsp;Mengjie Liu ,&nbsp;Linfeng Miao ,&nbsp;Yu Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pyrolysis is an efficient method for waste utilization. Biomass pyrolysis can generate renewable fuel and value-added liquid fuel; however, the liquid fuel typically exhibits high oxygen content, low calorific value, and corrosiveness. Co-pyrolysis with plastics presents a significant approach to addressing these challenges. This paper summarizes the physical and chemical properties of biomass and plastics, analyzes their elemental and industrial characteristics, and calculates the effective hydrogen value of the raw materials, which aids in the selection of suitable feedstocks for the pyrolysis process. The free radical mechanism and synergistic effects of the co-pyrolysis of biomass and plastics are also discussed. Additionally, the influences of raw material type, process parameters, and catalyst type on the co-pyrolysis process are examined. Finally, the common characterization techniques for analyzing biomass and plastic co-pyrolysis liquid products in recent years are summarized, providing a reference for future research aimed at obtaining efficient renewable energy products through characterization technology analysis and appropriate regulation of raw materials and process parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102019"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalytic cracking of tar model compounds over char-based catalysts","authors":"Yuxin Li ,&nbsp;Hongkai Di ,&nbsp;Tao Zhang ,&nbsp;Juanmin Hou ,&nbsp;Jingsi Yang ,&nbsp;Kunjie Li ,&nbsp;Jiangze Han ,&nbsp;Ruihong Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Catalytic cracking of biomass pyrolysis tar model compounds was conducted in a fixed bed reactor using char and metal-impregnated char (Ni-char, Zn-char) as the catalyst. The catalytic effect of the catalysts on the model compounds (n-heptane, cyclohexane, toluene, thiophene and pyridine) was investigated. The catalytic cracking caused the higher non-condensable gas yield and the lower total tar yield, especially for the Ni-char catalyst. The supported nickel on the Ni-char catalyst was existed in the form of Ni, and the Zn was existed in the form of ZnO on the Zn-char catalyst. NH₃-TPD desorption results revealed that the catalyst acidity decreased in the order of Ni-char &gt; Zn-char &gt; Char, which is in accordance with the catalytic activity. The final catalytic effect of the Ni-char catalyst on different tar model compounds is mainly determined by the structure of the compounds. The FT-IR analysis results of the products obtained from catalytic cracking the model compounds over Ni-char catalyst showed that the hydrogenation reaction usually occurred when n-heptane was cracked, the ring-opening and reforming reactions mainly occurred when cyclohexane and toluene were cracked, while the thiophene and pyridine were changed little.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102017"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of hexaaluminate catalytic activity in hydrogen production from methane through bimetallic synergy effects","authors":"Huaming Dai ,&nbsp;Chun Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Ziwei Song ,&nbsp;Yi Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaojie Gao ,&nbsp;Yasen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2024.101958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2024.101958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen plays an important role in developing low-carbon economy and solving environmental pollution. To promote hydrogen production, LaFe_xCo_3-xAl₉O₁₉ (x = 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5) catalyst was prepared and loaded on SiC ceramic foams to realize the efficient partial oxidation of methane. The effect of Fe and Co ratio on catalytic performance was investigated at different operating conditions and the samples before and after the reactions were characterized for the catalytic activity analysis. Results indicated that the catalytic performance increased with the increasing of Fe content, and the LaFe_2.5Co_0.5Al₉O₁₉ showed the best catalytic activity. The highest H₂ concentration of 14.9% was obtained, which was 16% higher than that of the inert group. The appropriate addition of Co increased the reducibility of Fe and enhancing the synergy effects of Fe and Co. However, the sintering and carbon deposition phenomenon after reaction was more obvious for the excess Co of LaFe_0.5Co_2.5Al₉O₁₉ so that the catalytic performance was reduced due to the occupation of the surface active site. The increasing of equivalence ratio and inlet velocity was beneficial to the improvement of hydrogen concentration and reforming efficiency. And the peak temperature was nearly proportional to the inlet velocity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 101958"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143340102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}