Journal of The Energy Institute最新文献_第6页

Microwave-assisted chemical looping gasification of lignite coal for CO-rich syngas production 微波辅助化学环气化褐煤生产富co合成气

IF 5.6 2区工程技术

Journal of The Energy Institute Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102108

Guoping Li, Wenming Fu, Wenke Zhao, Yaning Zhang

{"title":"Microwave-assisted chemical looping gasification of lignite coal for CO-rich syngas production","authors":"Guoping Li, Wenming Fu, Wenke Zhao, Yaning Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemical looping gasification (CLG) is a promising technology for the green conversion of coal, due to advantages such as enhanced CO<sub>2</sub> capture capacity, high resource utilization, and minimal environmental pollution, among others. In this study, microwave-assisted lignite CLG was investigated with Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> as the oxygen carrier, and the gasification performance was evaluated under different Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>: lignite mass ratios (2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, and 6:1) and microwave powers (560, 660, 760, 860, and 960 W). The results showed that the CO yield initially rose and then fell as the Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> to lignite mass ratio increased, with the 5:1 ratio yielding the highest CO. Similarly, the CO yield first rose and then fell with increasing microwave power, reaching its peak at 860 W. The maximum values of CO yield, syngas yield, and carbon conversion reached 17.04 mmol/g lignite, 78.20 %, and 46.07 %, respectively, under the conditions of a 5: 1 Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>: lignite mass ratio and 860 W microwave power. These results indicate that the microwave-assisted approach has great potential to improve the efficiency of lignite CLG.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102108"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143854924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling the enhanced role of Ni-La2O2CO3 for low-temperature dry reforming of methane 揭示了Ni-La2O2CO3在甲烷低温干重整中的增强作用

IF 5.6 2区工程技术

Journal of The Energy Institute Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102110

Huayu Qiu , Zhiliang Ou , Kang Hui Lim , Guoqiang Song , Claudia Li , Yuan Wang , Hangjia Zhang , Xin Huang , Jingyu Ran , Sibudjing Kawi

{"title":"Unveiling the enhanced role of Ni-La2O2CO3 for low-temperature dry reforming of methane","authors":"Huayu Qiu , Zhiliang Ou , Kang Hui Lim , Guoqiang Song , Claudia Li , Yuan Wang , Hangjia Zhang , Xin Huang , Jingyu Ran , Sibudjing Kawi","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lanthanum oxycarbonate (La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>) is traditionally considered an intermediate in Ni-La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyzed dry reforming of methane (DRM), but its direct application has been limited. This study investigates the catalytic properties of Ni-La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (Ni-LO) and Ni-La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> (Ni-LOC) to understand their performance in low-temperature DRM (≤600 °C, LTDRM). Our study shows that under LTDRM conditions, Ni-LOC offers a larger specific surface area and increased electron cloud density around Ni, enhancing CH<sub>4</sub> activation. The absence of strong basic sites prevents carbon formation from the Boudouard reaction and stronger metal-support interaction enhances carbon resistances. Consequently, Ni-LOC exhibits CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> conversions of 30.8 % and 40.9 %, respectively, with lower carbon deposition than Ni-LO (4.92 % vs. 9.68 % weight loss). This study not only clarifies the mechanism of La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> in LTDRM but also offers insights into designing catalysts with improved resistance to coking.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102110"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimized hydrogen production via dry methane reforming with Ni/Al2O3 catalysts modified by cobalt and Boron: A design of experiments approach for enhanced performance 用钴和硼改性的 Ni/Al2O3 催化剂通过干甲烷重整优化制氢：提高性能的实验设计方法

IF 5.6 2区工程技术

Journal of The Energy Institute Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102101

Yuri K.R.O. Silva , Dulce M.A. Melo , Fernando V. Maziviero , Rodolfo L.B.A. Medeiros , Joyce C.A. Silva , Amanda L. Azevedo , Tomaz R. Araújo , Renata M. Braga

{"title":"Optimized hydrogen production via dry methane reforming with Ni/Al2O3 catalysts modified by cobalt and Boron: A design of experiments approach for enhanced performance","authors":"Yuri K.R.O. Silva , Dulce M.A. Melo , Fernando V. Maziviero , Rodolfo L.B.A. Medeiros , Joyce C.A. Silva , Amanda L. Azevedo , Tomaz R. Araújo , Renata M. Braga","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, seven catalysts were designed, synthesized, and evaluated using the Design of Experiments (DOE) approach. The catalysts included one nickel (Ni) catalyst as a standard, two Ni catalysts promoted with boron trioxide (B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>), two bimetallic catalysts in Ni-Cobalt (Co) systems, and two bimetallic catalysts also promoted with B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, all supported on γ-alumina. The γ-alumina support was synthesized via the microwave-assisted combustion method, while the metals and non-metallic promoter were incorporated using incipient wetness impregnation. The catalysts were thoroughly characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), physisorption of N<sub>2</sub> and Temperature-Programmed Reduction (TPR). Activation was performed at 700 °C for 1 h under hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) flow. Catalytic performance was tested in a fixed-bed quartz reactor coupled with a gas chromatograph over 12 h at a space velocity of 96 L g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>. Carbon formation was analyzed by XRD and Raman spectroscopy, revealing a lower degree of crystalline carbon with a disorder index of 1.29 in the sample containing the highest B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) quantified the reduction in carbon production by up to 57.7 %, demonstrating that B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> significantly reduced coke deposition. The results indicate that the catalysts with all three components exhibited high stability, enhanced catalytic activity, and minimized coke formation. A cubic special predictive model, with an Fcalculated/Ftabulated ratio of 41.12, demonstrated high statistical significance as confirmed by the Fisher test.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102101"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Co-pyrolysis of waste office paper and high-density polyethylene: product distribution, kinetics and reaction mechanism 废办公用纸与高密度聚乙烯共热解：产物分布、动力学及反应机理

IF 5.6 2区工程技术

Journal of The Energy Institute Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102105

Chunxiang Yang , Chengyu Li , Huiyu Liu , Rui Shan , Jun Zhang , Haoran Yuan

{"title":"Co-pyrolysis of waste office paper and high-density polyethylene: product distribution, kinetics and reaction mechanism","authors":"Chunxiang Yang , Chengyu Li , Huiyu Liu , Rui Shan , Jun Zhang , Haoran Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the thermal behaviors and kinetics of waste office paper (WP) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) during co-pyrolysis. The co-pyrolysis of HDPE and WP exhibited significant synergistic effects, characterized by reduced activation energy, optimized product distribution, and increased yield of aliphatic hydrocarbons. Specifically, the activation energy for co-pyrolysis was reduced by up to 20.2 % at a HDPE-to-WP mass ratio of 1:2, in comparison with that of individual pyrolysis. Acid and alkali pretreatments of WP further improved the co-pyrolysis product distribution, where acid pretreatment effectively removed hemicellulose and lignin and promoted the formation of short-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons (C ≤ 10). In comparison, the alkali pretreatment facilitated the generation of long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons (C > 20). The plausible reaction mechanism for co-pyrolysis transformation of WP with HDPE was also proposed in detail. This study provides theoretical support and technical guidance for the co-disposal of waste office paper and HDPE, and offers insights for the industrial application of co-pyrolysis transformation of biomass with waste plastics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102105"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insight into the combustion and emission characteristics of an ammonia-hydrogen dual-fuel opposed rotary piston engine 对氨氢双燃料对置旋转活塞发动机燃烧和排放特性的深入研究

IF 5.6 2区工程技术

Journal of The Energy Institute Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102100

Zhonghui Fu , Jian Gao , Jianbing Gao , Shoujun Ren , Yunxi Shi , Xiaochen Wang , Yufeng Wang , Jilong Song , Mingxu Qi , Guohong Tian

{"title":"Insight into the combustion and emission characteristics of an ammonia-hydrogen dual-fuel opposed rotary piston engine","authors":"Zhonghui Fu , Jian Gao , Jianbing Gao , Shoujun Ren , Yunxi Shi , Xiaochen Wang , Yufeng Wang , Jilong Song , Mingxu Qi , Guohong Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The opposed rotary piston (ORP) engine is distinguished by its compact architecture as well as elevated power density, making it an optimal power source for vehicles in the future. In this numerical investigation, the performance of an ammonia-hydrogen dual-fuel (AHDF) ORP engine with different ammonia energy ratio and ignition timing is investigated. The engine speed of the naturally aspirated ORP engine studied is 1000 r/min, with the ammonia energy ratio set at 85 %, 75 %, 65 %, and 55 %, respectively. The simulation results indicate that ammonia energy ratio and ignition timing are contributing factors to the behaviour of the AHDF ORP engine. The decline of ammonia energy ratio and advance of ignition result in an elevated in-cylinder pressure, which also brings about an enhance in heat release rate and fuel mass burn fraction. The ORP engine performance shows that the performance indicators improve with the reduction of ammonia energy ratio and the earliness of ignition timing. Nitrogen oxides emissions reduce with the ignition timing being brought forward. The AHDF ORP engine achieves a peak indicated power of 11.90 kW and an optimum efficiency of 38.59 % with relatively low NO<sub><em>x</em></sub> emissions at 65 % ammonia ratio and −10 °CA ignition timing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102100"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing waste treatment: Co-melting of MSWI fly ash and biomass ash for lower melting point and efficient vitrification 加强废物处理：城市生活垃圾飞灰和生物质灰共熔，降低熔点，高效玻璃化

IF 5.6 2区工程技术

Journal of The Energy Institute Pub Date : 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102102

Wei Zhao , Yongxiang Wang , Weidong Liu , Jinxia Guo , Jiejie Huang , Yongqi Zhang , Yitian Fang

{"title":"Enhancing waste treatment: Co-melting of MSWI fly ash and biomass ash for lower melting point and efficient vitrification","authors":"Wei Zhao , Yongxiang Wang , Weidong Liu , Jinxia Guo , Jiejie Huang , Yongqi Zhang , Yitian Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-temperature melting is a promising approach to converting municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI FA) into environmentally safe vitrified slag. However, the process is hindered by high energy consumption and incomplete vitrified products. This study proposes a co-melting strategy, blending MSWI FA with straw ash (SA) and rice husk ash (RHA), to simultaneously reduce the melting temperature and produce vitrified products enhancing the slag's environmental safety. Experimental results reveal that optimal additions of SA (20–50 %) and RHA (20–40 %) significantly lower the melting point of MSWI FA by approximately 100 °C and facilitate the formation of stable vitrified phases. Through a combination of co-melting experiments and thermodynamic simulations, the mineral transformation, vitrified slag formation, and heavy metal stabilization were examined. Key conditions for complete vitrification were identified, including maintaining temperatures at or above the flow point and ensuring a liquid phase content exceeding 50 %. Furthermore, leaching tests confirmed the effective immobilization of heavy metals below regulatory limits. The co-melting of MSWI FA with biomass ash reduces energy consumption, and facilitates the transformation of MSWI FA into harmless materials. This study provides a sustainable solution for advancing “waste-treat-waste” technologies, offering an effective approach to enhancing waste treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102102"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143854923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Slagging characteristics of industrial waste incineration system in sections with different temperatures 工业垃圾焚烧系统不同温度段结渣特性研究

IF 5.6 2区工程技术

Journal of The Energy Institute Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102107

Dengjia Yuan, Min Xu, Ziyu Yan, Xuhui Wang, Junwei Wang, Honghua Ge, Yuzeng Zhao, Xinjing Meng

{"title":"Slagging characteristics of industrial waste incineration system in sections with different temperatures","authors":"Dengjia Yuan, Min Xu, Ziyu Yan, Xuhui Wang, Junwei Wang, Honghua Ge, Yuzeng Zhao, Xinjing Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Complex industrial wastes are prone to form slagging during the incineration process, causing blockage in the circulation parts of the incineration system and affecting the heat transfer, thus reducing the economy of the incinerator, and shortening its continuous operation cycle. The formation process and characteristics of slag in an incineration system were researched by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, energy spectrometer, and differential scanning calorimetry in this paper. The results show that the slag surfaces of samples in the high-temperature sections are in the molten state, which are mainly composed of low-melting-point eutectic compounds (NaAlSiO<sub>4</sub>, NaAlSi<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub>, CaMgSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>) and low-temperature eutectic compounds (CaAl<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub>, Fe<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>). These low melting point eutectic compounds formed a molten state at high temperature, promoting the adhesion of slag particles to the incineration inner wall and sintering to create a dense slagging layer. The surfaces of slag samples in the low-temperature sections are characterized by particle agglomerates, with a decrease in sodium and calcium silicate/aluminosilicate content and the appearance of sodium and calcium sulfates in the slags. Gaseous sulfate and a small amount of silicate melt form a viscous layer to capture ash particles and promote slag growth at relatively lower temperature. Through kinetic calculations, the most probable mechanism function for the melting process of slag samples is f(α)=(1-α)<sup>2</sup>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102107"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Controllable synthesis of Cu-Co bimetallic sulfide nanosheets for efficient Hg0 removal Cu-Co双金属硫化物纳米片的可控合成及高效脱除Hg0

IF 5.6 2区工程技术

Journal of The Energy Institute Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102099

Lianhao Zhang , Yanping Zhu , Ning Zhang , Junjiang Bao , Xiaopeng Zhang , Chuan He

{"title":"Controllable synthesis of Cu-Co bimetallic sulfide nanosheets for efficient Hg0 removal","authors":"Lianhao Zhang , Yanping Zhu , Ning Zhang , Junjiang Bao , Xiaopeng Zhang , Chuan He","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transition metal sulfide adsorption is a promising method to remove Hg<sup>0</sup>, which can oxidize Hg<sup>0</sup> forming HgS by chemisorption. The performance of adsorbents in Hg<sup>0</sup> removal is determined not only by its morphological structure, but also by the quantity of active sites. With this inspiration, Cu-Co bimetallic sulfide nanosheets containing heterogeneous interface were synthesized utilizing the hydrothermal approach. By changing the ratio of Cu/Co, a range of Cu-Co bimetallic sulfide adsorbents were obtained. The characterization results show that Cu/Co ratio can seriously affect the size of the nanosheets and the quantity of active sites. Cu<sub>0.33</sub>Co<sub>0.67</sub>S<sub>x</sub> has a suitable nanosheet size and the most active sites on the surface. Furthermore, there is obvious heterogeneous interface in Cu<sub>0.33</sub>Co<sub>0.67</sub>S<sub>x</sub>, which can improve electron transfer during Hg<sup>0</sup> oxidation. Hence, the Hg<sup>0</sup> removal efficiency of Cu<sub>0.33</sub>Co<sub>0.67</sub>S<sub>x</sub> is nearly 100 % at 60 and 80 °C and even more than 96 % at a high temperature of 100 °C within 200 min. In addition, Cu<sub>0.33</sub>Co<sub>0.67</sub>S<sub>x</sub> has a strong stability of Hg<sup>0</sup> removal process under different flue gas conditions, especially in SO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102099"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding the single and dual deactivation factors effect on NH3-SCR catalyst 了解单、双失活因素对NH3-SCR催化剂的影响

IF 5.6 2区工程技术

Journal of The Energy Institute Pub Date : 2025-04-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102098

Chenguang Zhang , Pei Gao , Xiaoxiang Wang , Shuhao Li , Boxiong Shen

{"title":"Understanding the single and dual deactivation factors effect on NH3-SCR catalyst","authors":"Chenguang Zhang , Pei Gao , Xiaoxiang Wang , Shuhao Li , Boxiong Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrogen oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>) are pollutants that cause atmospheric pollution, selective catalytic reduction technology (NH<sub>3</sub>-SCR) with catalyst as the core technology have been widely used in the process of NO<sub>x</sub> removal because of its stability and high efficiency. However, various deactivation factors in flue gas (K, SO<sub>2</sub>, Pb, and etc.) present significant challenges to the application of catalysts. To encounter the challenges of catalysts deactivation, this review first summarizes the causes of deactivation from single factors and strategies to mitigate their effects, emphasizing the importance of protecting redox sites and acid centers to enhance catalyst resistance. More importantly, the effect of a single deactivation factor on the catalyst does not properly represent the deactivation behaviors of catalysts. Consequently, this review also summarized the impact of dual deactivation factors on catalysts, highlighting that complex interactions between poisoning substances and the catalyst play a critical role in determining whether deactivation is compensatory or aggravated. Emphasizing that adjusting the composition of catalytic active sites to favor compensatory effects is considering as a novel strategy for designing catalysts under flue gas with complex chemical composition. By integrating mechanistic insights from single and dual deactivation factors on catalysts, this review hopes to deepen the understanding of catalyst deactivation under complex flue gas conditions and provide a serious guiding for the design of advance catalysts with high resistance to deactivation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102098"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Initial layer-induced slagging characteristics of a biomass-fired grate boiler: A combined experimental and simulation study 生物质燃烧炉排锅炉初始层致结渣特性：实验与模拟相结合的研究

IF 5.6 2区工程技术

Journal of The Energy Institute Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102094

Tongyu Qiu , Wenzhu Yu , Yiming Zhu , Xuebin Wang , Tianhua Yang

{"title":"Initial layer-induced slagging characteristics of a biomass-fired grate boiler: A combined experimental and simulation study","authors":"Tongyu Qiu , Wenzhu Yu , Yiming Zhu , Xuebin Wang , Tianhua Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The higher alkali contents in the biomass lead to condensation occurring on the heating surfaces, which form an initial layer and induces severe slagging in biomass-fired boiler. To clarify the slagging mechanism and carry out further simulation prediction, the initial layer-induced slagging characteristics of a biomass-fired grate boiler have been investigated. The analysis was performed based on the collected slagging samples, and the melting adhesion characteristics of the initial layer have been calculated by thermodynamic equilibrium calculation. The results show that the viscous capture of initial layer formed by K condensation, and the molten ash adhesion constitute the slagging mechanism in high-temperature superheater. While viscous deposition weakens the effect of flue gas velocity on deposition distribution and promotes the deposition of large particle. K/Ca sulfate condensation and non-molten fly ash inertial deposition dominates the slagging in medium-temperature superheater. More serious slagging in the high-temperature superheater and the NH<sub>4</sub>Cl found in the tail flue indicates that the influence of boiler power rating and parameters, fuel characteristics and soil impurities on slagging cannot be ignored. This study can provide a basis for the prediction of initial layer-induced slagging of biomass-fired grate boiler.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102094"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0