Journal of The Energy Institute最新文献_第6页

Effect of promoters and calcination temperature on the performance of nickel silica core-shell catalyst in biogas dry reforming

IF 5.6 2区工程技术

Journal of The Energy Institute Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102062

Maryam Kaviani, Mehran Rezaei, Seyed Mehdi Alavi, Ehsan Akbari

{"title":"Effect of promoters and calcination temperature on the performance of nickel silica core-shell catalyst in biogas dry reforming","authors":"Maryam Kaviani, Mehran Rezaei, Seyed Mehdi Alavi, Ehsan Akbari","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this article, a facile ammonia evaporation method was adopted to synthesize a series of Ni-M-SiO<sub>2</sub>@SiO<sub>2</sub> catalysts promoted with Ce, Zr, La, Co and Mg in order to examine the effect of promoters on the catalytic performance of the core-shell catalyst in biogas dry reforming. The obtained outcomes exhibited that rare earth oxide promoted catalyst displayed higher catalytic activity than the unpromoted catalyst. In addition, when the content of cerium oxide increased from 1 wt% to 5 wt% activity of the catalyst increased from 47.5 % to 57.2 % at 600 °C. Acquired results exhibited that, adding 1 wt% cerium oxide to Ni-SiO<sub>2</sub>@SiO<sub>2</sub> led to improved dry reforming activity and decreased carbon formation during 12 h dry reforming reaction. 10Ni-1Ce-SiO<sub>2</sub>@SiO<sub>2</sub> core-shell catalyst showed higher catalytic activity and lower coke formation than the (10Ni-1Ce)/SiO<sub>2</sub> impregnated catalyst. This observation is because the shell of the catalysts provided steric physical barriers against nickel particles growth, also the nickel phyllosilicate structure posted chemical force that could fix the position of metal particles. The catalytic performance of the catalyst with 1 % cerium oxide was enhanced by enhancing calcination temperature from 700 to 900 °C owing to increase metal-support interaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102062"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characteristics of high-pressure liquid ammonia sprays and combustion process in ammonia/diesel HPDI dual-fuel engines

IF 5.6 2区工程技术

Journal of The Energy Institute Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102059

Xu He, Yalong Liu, He Zhang, Sinan Bi, Kai Xu, Jin Zhao

{"title":"Characteristics of high-pressure liquid ammonia sprays and combustion process in ammonia/diesel HPDI dual-fuel engines","authors":"Xu He, Yalong Liu, He Zhang, Sinan Bi, Kai Xu, Jin Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of the “carbon emission peak and carbon neutrality” framework, ammonia has garnered considerable attention as a promising zero-carbon fuel. This study employs backlighting and schlieren optical diagnostics within a constant-volume visualization setup to investigate the effect of environmental temperature on the macroscopic behavior of liquid ammonia sprays. Additionally, it contrasts the spray characteristics of liquid ammonia with those of diesel under extreme thermal and pressure conditions. Through the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, the research elucidates the nuanced differences in microscopic spray dynamics between ammonia and diesel under these conditions. The study also explored how to reduce the negative impact of in-cylinder direct injection of liquid ammonia on combustion through the optimization of the longitudinal distribution of diesel and ammonia sprays in a dual-fuel HPDI engine. The results reveal that liquid ammonia sprays exhibit significant sensitivity to temperature. At higher temperatures, ammonia sprays are approximated to high-density gas injections, with the liquid phase proportion being less than 5 %. Under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, the liquid phase penetration distance of ammonia is approximately 60 % shorter than that of diesel, which is unfavorable for the flame to propagate upstream of the spray. CFD simulations further indicate that in the HPDI mode, the longitudinal spacing between ammonia and diesel sprays plays a crucial role in the relative positioning of ammonia sprays within the stable ignition zone, thereby influencing the in-cylinder combustion process. Optimizing this spacing can enhance the diesel-induced ignition effect and thus improve the overall combustion performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102059"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143570517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on the effect of ammonia mixing ratio on process of ammonia and coal co-combustion

IF 5.6 2区工程技术

Journal of The Energy Institute Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102040

Mingshuang Cui , Xing Liang , Yi Di , Fang Niu , Shengye Wang

{"title":"Study on the effect of ammonia mixing ratio on process of ammonia and coal co-combustion","authors":"Mingshuang Cui , Xing Liang , Yi Di , Fang Niu , Shengye Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonia-coal co-combustion has emerged as a promising strategy for reducing carbon dioxide emissions. However, the quantitative impact of ammonia mixing ratios on the ignition and volatile combustion stages remains unclear, particularly under varying temperatures. In this study, a high-resolution optical measurement system coupled with Python-based image processing algorithms was developed to analyze the ignition distance, flame brightness, and morphology of pulverized coal particles.</div></div><div><h3>Key findings include</h3><div>At 1500 K, the ignition distance of pulverized coal increased from 9.0 mm to 16.5 mm as the ammonia mixing ratio rose from 0 % to 40 %, attributed to competing timescales between coal heating and ammonia product diffusion; At 1800 K and 1200 K, ammonia mixing exhibited negligible effects on ignition distance (6.5–6.7 mm and 5.5–4.7 mm, respectively), highlighting temperature-dependent dominance in combustion kinetics; Volatile ignition distance showed a negative correlation with ammonia mixing at extreme temperatures but a positive correlation at 1500 K, linked to oxygen competition and active species generation.</div><div>These results provide critical insights for optimizing ammonia-coal co-combustion systems in industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102040"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental evaluation of ammonia injection strategies for different solid fuel types in drop tube furnace for carbon-free energy transition in thermal power plants

IF 5.6 2区工程技术

Journal of The Energy Institute Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102060

Sang-Hwa Song , Ji-Hwan Lee , Hyeong-Bin Moon , Seung-Mo Kim , Gyeong-Min Kim , Chung-Hwan Jeon

{"title":"Experimental evaluation of ammonia injection strategies for different solid fuel types in drop tube furnace for carbon-free energy transition in thermal power plants","authors":"Sang-Hwa Song , Ji-Hwan Lee , Hyeong-Bin Moon , Seung-Mo Kim , Gyeong-Min Kim , Chung-Hwan Jeon","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonia, known for its high hydrogen content and favorable storage properties, is emerging as a key carbon-neutral fuel for the global energy transition. South Korea aims to demonstrate the application of ammonia in existing coal-fired power plant boilers by 2027, targeting a reduction in CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. However, research in this area is crucial because the combustibility and exhaust gas composition, which are vital for power plant operations, may change. This study investigates the impact of ammonia injection position and coal grade on combustibility and exhaust gas in coal-fired power plants using an ammonia drop tube furnace (ADTF). Experimental results indicate that ammonia injection position significantly influences combustibility and exhaust gas. Sub-bituminous coal (Coal B), with higher volatile matter content, exhibited enhanced combustibility and lower unburned carbon (UBC) emissions compared to bituminous coal (Coal A). NOx emissions were significantly reduced when ammonia was injected downstream because of its function as a reducing agent. Particularly for coal B, when injected at the lowest position, it exhibited a lower emission (91.74 ppm) compared to the complete combustion of the coal (123.82 ppm). The combustion trends of mixed coal resembled those of Coal A; however, it presented a viable approach for enhancing high-grade coal utilization and demonstrated superior emission characteristics in certain respects compared to single coal. These findings demonstrate the potential of ammonia-coal co-firing to reduce CO<sub>2</sub> and NOx emissions in coal combustion while improving boiler combustion efficiency. Such insights are expected to significantly contribute to the demonstration project of ammonia-coal co-firing power generation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102060"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of ammonia addition on soot and precursors formation in 1-butene pyrolysis: View from solid particles

IF 5.6 2区工程技术

Journal of The Energy Institute Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102063

Chen Chen , Yaoyao Ying , Kaixuan Yang , Dandan Qi , Runtian Yu , Mingxiao Chen , Dong Liu

{"title":"Effects of ammonia addition on soot and precursors formation in 1-butene pyrolysis: View from solid particles","authors":"Chen Chen , Yaoyao Ying , Kaixuan Yang , Dandan Qi , Runtian Yu , Mingxiao Chen , Dong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonia, a zero-carbon and hydrogen-rich fuel, has the potential to regulate the emission of soot particulates. In this work, soot nanostructure and related reactivity evolution in 1-butene/ammonia co-pyrolysis at various gas flow rates were investigated. Transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy were adopted to characterize soot morphology and its nanostructure, thermogravimetric analysis was used to evaluate soot reactivity, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and elemental analysis were employed to investigate soot chemical composition. Results revealed that increasing gas flow rate and ammonia content both led to a decrease in primary particle diameter, whose fringe length was negatively correlated with the gas flow rate, while blending NH<sub>3</sub> had no obvious impact on structural parameters. Rising gas flow rate enhanced the soot oxidation reactivity by reducing its residence time in the high-temperature reaction region, where it did not undergo sufficient carbonization. The introduction of nitrogen-containing species depleted available carbon source for soot formation, and deactivated the reaction sites by binding with the defective carbon in the carbon layer, thus inhibiting the surface growth of soot. Nitrogen atoms embedded in the soot particles were predominantly found in the form of pyridines. The inhibitory effect of added ammonia on soot reactivity depended on adequate gas residence time. The coupling relationship of gaseous soot precursors and solid particles formation with ammonia addition has been further developed in conjunction with the previous work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102063"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Co-production of H2 and CNTs from coal gangue-supported co-pyrolysis of PP/PE/PVC mixture in a two-stage reactor

IF 5.6 2区工程技术

Journal of The Energy Institute Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102055

Zhaotianyi Zhang , Bin Liu , Wenjing Ma , Tedla Medhane Embaye , Guan Wang , Yili Zhang , Yongqiang Chen , Zhongfa Hu , Renhui Ruan , Xuebin Wang

{"title":"Co-production of H2 and CNTs from coal gangue-supported co-pyrolysis of PP/PE/PVC mixture in a two-stage reactor","authors":"Zhaotianyi Zhang , Bin Liu , Wenjing Ma , Tedla Medhane Embaye , Guan Wang , Yili Zhang , Yongqiang Chen , Zhongfa Hu , Renhui Ruan , Xuebin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a persistent environmental pollutant, the management of waste plastics is critical for mitigating soil and water contamination. In the quest for carbon neutrality, this study presents a sustainable approach to waste plastic valorization through catalytic pyrolysis, focusing on hydrogen(H<sub>2</sub>) production and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) synthesis. A coal gangue-based catalyst was utilized in a two-stage fixed-bed reactor for the pyrolysis of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) to evaluate the co-production efficiency. H<sub>2</sub> was yielded by PP and PE at 63.9 vol% and 66.5 vol%, respectively, with PP yielding 6.23 wt% more CNTs than PE. Co-pyrolysis of PP and PE increased H<sub>2</sub> concentration by 11.23 vol% and 7.71 vol% over individual pyrolysis, and yields of CNTs by 11.99 wt% and 17.15 wt%, respectively. These results highlight the superiority of mixed pyrolysis over individual processes for H<sub>2</sub> concentration and CNTs production. The pyrolysis of PVC, which releases a significant amount of HCl, deactivates a coal gangue-based catalyst that is rich in Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and inhibits the growth of CNTs by disrupting the Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> structure and bonding with carbon. To harness chlorine-containing plastics for CNTs production, the pyrolytic catalytic process must be optimized to mitigate chlorine's detrimental effects. There are valuable insights provided by this research into the thermochemical treatment of waste plastics, contributing to the clean production of H<sub>2</sub> and CNTs, aligning with carbon neutrality objectives by reducing reliance on fossil fuels and promoting sustainable waste management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102055"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced stability of Cu-ZnO-CeO2 catalyst with active carbon coating for methanol steam reforming on cordierite honeycomb ceramics 堇青石蜂窝陶瓷上用于甲醇蒸汽转化的带有活性炭涂层的 Cu-ZnO-CeO2 催化剂稳定性增强

IF 5.6 2区工程技术

Journal of The Energy Institute Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102054

Shaoqin Huang , Wenming Guo , Hang Qin , Yi Zhang , Chenxu Guo , Ziru Huang , Wen Xie , Pengzhao Gao , Hanning Xiao

{"title":"Enhanced stability of Cu-ZnO-CeO2 catalyst with active carbon coating for methanol steam reforming on cordierite honeycomb ceramics","authors":"Shaoqin Huang , Wenming Guo , Hang Qin , Yi Zhang , Chenxu Guo , Ziru Huang , Wen Xie , Pengzhao Gao , Hanning Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Methanol steam reforming (MSR) represents a promising technology for hydrogen generation, particularly applicable to polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), tackling issues related to transportation and storage. However, designing a catalyst which achieves low pressure drop, high activity and stability remains a significant challenge. This study aims to develop a coating to enhance both catalytic activity and stability during MSR. The cordierite honeycomb ceramic was modified with an active carbon coating and subsequently loaded with Cu-ZnO-CeO<sub>2</sub> catalysts. The characteristics of the catalyst particles and coating on the cordierite honeycomb ceramics were analyzed before and after the reaction, and compared to the catalyst loaded in Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> coating under similar condition. The results demonstrated that the catalyst loaded on active carbon coating exhibits superior activity and stability. Specifically, the 25 wt% catalyst displayed the highest activity, achieving maximum methanol conversion at 270 °C and maintaining 93 % methanol conversion after 100 h of reaction. The pore structure of the active carbon coating resulted in a particle size of 7 nm before the reaction and 11 nm after the reaction, which inhibited particle agglomeration and improved the stability of the catalyst. This study highlights the potential application of active carbon coating in improving the stability of methanol reforming catalysts for hydrogen production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102054"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of an optimal exhaust gas recirculation rate on a four-stroke spark-ignited LPG engine

IF 5.6 2区工程技术

Journal of The Energy Institute Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102048

Ahmed Naima Issa , Jeong Kuk Kim , Kang Woo Chun , Jae-Hyuk Choi , Won-Ju Lee

{"title":"Investigation of an optimal exhaust gas recirculation rate on a four-stroke spark-ignited LPG engine","authors":"Ahmed Naima Issa , Jeong Kuk Kim , Kang Woo Chun , Jae-Hyuk Choi , Won-Ju Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To determine the optimal exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate that can optimize a spark-ignited (SI) liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) engine's performance without compromising emissions, the effects of EGR rates on combustion performance and emission characteristics of a four-stroke SI LPG engine were investigated. Experimental investigations with 0 % and fixed 13.9 % EGR rate were conducted on the SI LPG engine. Afterward, three-dimensional (3D) simulation cases of EGR rates ranging between 0 % and 30 % were modeled while maintaining the SI LPG engine's constant initial operating conditions. Simulation results were validated by the experimental engine results and showed a good agreement. For in-cylinder temperature and pressure, the changes are slightly insensitive between 0 % and 15 % EGR rate resulting to the reduction of engine output power by less than 10.25 %. Between 0 % and 15 %, NOx was significantly reduced, however, an EGR rate of 10 % and 15 % resulted in 1.85g/kWh and 0.83g/kWh NO emissions which are in compliance with NOx Tier III control requirements of the experimental engine. CO emissions were insignificant between 10 % and 15 % EGR rate with an increase of 2.23 %. Soot emissions were significantly lower between 0 % and 15 % EGR rates, but increased sharply at 20 %, 25 %, and 30 % EGR rates by 0.012, 0.022, and 0.028g/kWh respectively which challenges the assumption that SI LPG engines are clean fuels with minimal soot. The results offer valuable insights that promote the use of the EGR strategy at enhancing the SI LPG engine's combustion performance and controlling exhaust emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102048"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of H2O on NO emission during oxy-fuel co-combustion of coal/NH3 by experimental investigation and molecular dynamic calculation

IF 5.6 2区工程技术

Journal of The Energy Institute Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102049

Ming Lei , Zhilin Zhao , Yujie Hu , Wei Liu , Dikun Hong , Qian Zhang , Lei Zhang

{"title":"The impact of H2O on NO emission during oxy-fuel co-combustion of coal/NH3 by experimental investigation and molecular dynamic calculation","authors":"Ming Lei , Zhilin Zhao , Yujie Hu , Wei Liu , Dikun Hong , Qian Zhang , Lei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To reduce CO<sub>2</sub> emission in power station, coal and ammonia co-combustion in boilers has garnered widespread attention. In this work, NO release behaviors of coal and ammonia co-combustion at O<sub>2</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O/CO<sub>2</sub> atmosphere with different H<sub>2</sub>O concentration are analyzed by experiment and molecular dynamics calculation. The results reveal that NO emission increases with the ratio of blending NH<sub>3</sub> increasing, but it is relatively low when only ammonia is burned. As coal and ammonia are co-fired, the NO emission rises with the H<sub>2</sub>O concentration increasing from 0 % to 30 %. Reactive force field molecular dynamic (ReaxFF MD) simulations exhibit that the increase in combustion temperature promotes the intermediates contained nitrogen to convert to NO, and the NO formation rate is accelerated. With the rise in H<sub>2</sub>O concentration, the NO formation in the initial stage of the reaction is accelerated, mainly because the increase of the H<sub>2</sub>O concentration greatly accelerates the OH formation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102049"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Propanol and its blend in diesel engines: An extensive review

IF 5.6 2区工程技术

Journal of The Energy Institute Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102047

Yahya Çelebi , Mazlum Cengiz , Hüseyin Aydın

{"title":"Propanol and its blend in diesel engines: An extensive review","authors":"Yahya Çelebi , Mazlum Cengiz , Hüseyin Aydın","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Renewable energy resources offer remarkable solutions to energy-related issues of reserve depletion and the emissions of harmful substances caused by fossil fuels. Energy demand increases as the world population grows. To fulfill the worldwide growing energy demand, especially in the transportation sector, biofuels are viable candidates to be used as partial or fully in diesel engines within existing engine infrastructure thanks to their abundant feedstocks and low costs. Propanol is one promising fuel for diesel engines. It can be produced from both petrochemical and biochemical routes which make it feasible to produce on large-scale. Moreover, it has higher energy content and boiling point, and lower hygroscopicity in comparison with lower alcohols. This review study explores comprehensive utilization of propanol and its blends in diesel engines to show its impacts on combustion behaviors, performance metrics and exhaust emissions. Furthermore, the paper comprehensively analyzes the production techniques, supply and demand trends, sustainability and safety considerations and other fuel applications of propanol. The paper concludes by highlighting key findings and identifying areas for further research. Overall, this review offers crucial insights into the potential of propanol to decrease the dependence on fossil diesel fuel and improve engine performance and its associated emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102047"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0