Journal of research in health sciences最新文献

{"title":"Temperature and COVID-19 Incidence: An Ecologic Study","authors":"Alireza Mirahmadizadeh, Alireza Heiran, Abdolrasool Hemmati, Mehrzad Lotfi, Mahsa Akbari, Alireza Forouzanrad, Roya Sahebi","doi":"10.32598/jrh.13.2.2052.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jrh.13.2.2052.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: According to the hypothesis, COVID-19 is less prevalent in regions with warm climates. Contradictory results have led us to investigate the correlation between temperature and the cumulative COVID-19 incidence rate. Methods: We obtained COVID-19 data from CRONALAB, COVID-DASHBOARD, and MCMC databases of Fars Province, Iran, linked the data and finalized daily COVID-19 cases. The daily data on the temperature was gotten from meteorological stations’ reports from March 21, 2020, to March 21, 2021, for each county of Fars Province, Southern Iran. The daily weighted cumulative incidence rate of COVID-19 cases was calculated for all counties, separately. Initially, for uniform data visualization, the average air temperature data were transformed into ranked percentiles. Then, to visually assess the study hypothesis, the distribution of COVID-19 cumulative incidence was visualized on percentiles of temperature. Given the non-linear distribution of the data, we performed exploratory analyses using the generalized additive models and locally weighted (polynomial) regressions to choose the best response function. Then, the generalized linear models were used to parametrically build the model. Results: The generalized additive models showed a small decreasing, near horizontal, linear pattern for COVID-19 incidence rate as the function of temperature (pseudo R2: 0.001, deviance explained: 0.13%, coefficient: -0.02). The GLMs showed head-to-head results (deviance explained: 0.13%, coefficient: -0.02], supported by similar Akaike information criteria (AICs) (34945). However, according to the locally weighted regressions model’s curve, lower COVID-19 incidence rates were recorded on days when the temperatures ranged from 60 to 80 percentiles, equal to 20°C to 25°C in a cold climate and 25°C to 35°C in a warm climate. This is while the rates increased at lower and upper temperatures. Conclusion: Daily COVID-19 incidence rate cannot be explained as a function of daily temperature in Southern parts of Iran. Higher rates of disease transmission out of the range of 20°C to 25°C for cold temperatures and 25°C to 35°C for warm climates might be linked to people’s indoor gatherings, coupled with insufficient ventilation.","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134984315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Life and Its Relative Factors Among Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Cross-sectional Study in Northwest Iran","authors":"Farid Gharibi, Ali Imani, Mehdi Haghi, Ali Khezri, Nasrin Joudyian, Masoumeh Ebrahimi Tavani, Koustuv Dalal","doi":"10.32598/jrh.13.4.2197.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jrh.13.4.2197.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the critical diseases due to its adverse clinical, social, and economic consequences for affected people. This study aims to assess the quality of life (QoL) of patients with MS in East Azerbaijan, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using the multiple sclerosis quality of life-54 (MSQoL-54) questionnaires to interview 300 randomly selected MS patients in East Azarbaijan Province, Iran. The independent t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Tukey post hoc test were used to examine the relationship between demographic variables, and QoL, and all analyses were performed using SPSS software, version 19. Results: The QoL score in MS patients is 48.22±22.48. The “life satisfaction” is the best and “physical role limitation” is the worst QoL aspect. Significant relationships were observed between marital status, education level, employment status, age of symptoms onset, and years of illness with QoL (P<0.05). Conclusion: The QoL of the MS patients in East Azarbaijan Province is lower than in other parts of Iran and much lower than in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries.","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135210135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological Analysis of HIV/AIDS in Kazakhstan During 2018-2020.","authors":"Galiya Bilibayeva,&nbsp;Dinara Ospanova,&nbsp;Anarkhan Nurkerimova,&nbsp;Farida Kussainova,&nbsp;Marat Tukeev,&nbsp;Moldir Shokybaeva,&nbsp;Shynar Tanabayeva,&nbsp;Ildar Fakhradiyev,&nbsp;Timur Saliev","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2023.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2023.115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a severe threat to public health everywhere, including the Central Asian region and Kazakhstan. The aim of the study was to conduct an epidemiological analysis of newly diagnosed cases of HIV infection during 2018-2020.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A case series study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive analysis of national data on registered cases of HIV in Kazakhstan was conducted, and demographic information was collected and studied accordingly. The analysis of the influence of age, period, and cohort was performed using the age-period-cohort method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the results, men prevailed (68.5%) among all cases of HIV infection (n=1235). Sexual transmission during heterosexual contact was higher in females (88.9%, <i>P</i>=0.005), and the number of new cases as a result of homosexual contact was higher in men (23.0%, <i>P</i>=0.087). In addition, the parenteral route of HIV transmission cases prevailed among men (27.5%, <i>P</i>=0.001), and intravenous drug administration was more common among males (27.4%, <i>P</i>=0.01). Moreover, 68.5% of men and 33.2% of women had a low therapy adherence. In men, the risk of HIV prevalence increased after 32.5 years (deviation [Dv]: 0.134, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.096 to 0.364). At the age of 37.5 years, there was an increase (Dv: 0.852, 95% CI=0.626 to 1.079) in HIV prevalence. However, no peaks were observed in women.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicated a rise in the prevalence of HIV infection in Kazakhstan. Men aged 37 and older were identified as the risk category. Eventually, inadequate adherence to treatment was observed in HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10422132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10350456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Hybrid of Random Forests and Generalized Path Analysis: A Causal Modeling of Crashes in 52,524 Suburban Areas.","authors":"Fatemeh Jahanjoo,&nbsp;Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Mansournia,&nbsp;Seyyed Teymoor Hosseini,&nbsp;Mohammad Asghari-Jafarabadi","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2023.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2023.116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Determining suburban area crashes' risk factors may allow for early and operative safety measures to find the main risk factors and moderating effects of crashes. Therefore, this paper has focused on a causal modeling framework.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 52524 suburban crashes were investigated from 2015 to 2016. The hybrid-random-forest-generalized-path-analysis technique (HRF-gPath) was used to extract the main variables and identify mediators and moderators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study analyzed 42 explanatory variables using a RF model, and it was found that collision type, distinct, driver misconduct, speed, license, prior cause, plaque description, vehicle maneuver, vehicle type, lighting, passenger presence, seatbelt use, and land use were significant factors. Further analysis using g-Path demonstrated the mediating and predicting roles of collision type, vehicle type, seatbelt use, and driver misconduct. The modified model fitted the data well, with statistical significance ( χ²₃₀ =81.29, <i>P</i><0.001) and high values for comparative-fit-index and Tucker-Lewis-index exceeding 0.9, as well as a low root-mean-square-error-of-approximation of 0.031 (90% confidence interval: 0.030-0.032).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of our study identified several significant variables, including collision type, vehicle type, seatbelt use, and driver misconduct, which played mediating and predicting roles. These findings provide valuable insights into the complex factors that contribute to collisions via a theoretical framework and can inform efforts to reduce their occurrence in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10422137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10008204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Potential with Mortality: Results from the Third National Nutrition Examination Survey.","authors":"Mohamed A Mostafa,&nbsp;Travis Skipina,&nbsp;Muhammad Ali Anees,&nbsp;Elsayed Z Soliman,&nbsp;Muhammad Imtiaz Ahmad","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2023.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2023.113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The empirical dietary inflammatory potential (EDIP) score is designed to assess the inflammatory potential of a diet based on the pro- and anti-inflammatory properties of its various components. This study examined the association of EDIP with all-cause mortality in a large, community-based, multiracial sample of the United States population.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A prospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This analysis included 13155 participants (44.6±18.4 years, 54.21% women, and 40.33% White) without prior history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination (NHANES III) Survey. A 24-hour dietary recall information was used to calculate EDIP. The National Death Index was employed to identify the date and cause of death. Cox proportional hazard analysis was utilized to evaluate the association between the tertiles of EDIP and all-cause mortality over a median follow-up of 26.6 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In a model adjusted for demographics and CVD risk factors, a higher EDIP tertile, compared with the lowest tertile, was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR]=1.10; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.19). A standard-deviation increase in EDIP (0.27 units) was related to a 4% increased risk of mortality (HR=1.04; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.08). This association was stronger in older participants compared to younger ones (HR=1.09; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.21 vs. HR=0.89; 95% CI: 0.80, 1.01), respectively, interaction <i>P</i>=0.030)].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pro-inflammatory diet is associated with an increased risk of mortality, especially in the older population. Dietary changes that reduce inflammation may have the potential to reduce the risk of poor outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10422134/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10156919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoting Oral Health Behavior During Pregnancy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Saeid Bashirian,&nbsp;Maryam Barati,&nbsp;Majid Barati,&nbsp;Samane Shirahmadi,&nbsp;Salman Khazaei,&nbsp;Ensiyeh Jenabi,&nbsp;Leila Gholami","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2023.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2023.119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pregnant women are vulnerable to oral disease due to physiological, hormonal, and dietary alterations. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of the educational program according to the Health Promotion Model (HPM) on the oral health prevention behavior of pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was performed on 105 pregnant women visiting health centers located in Arak from February to November 2022. The subjects were randomly assigned to intervention (n=54) and control (n=51) groups. A reliable and valid questionnaire according to HPM constructs was used to collect the data. The pre-test was conducted in the groups. The intervention group received the educational program in 9 educational sessions (from 12 to 24 weeks of pregnancy). Then, the post-test was conducted in the 36th week of pregnancy in the groups. Finally, the data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 18) and using independent t-test, paired t-test, and Chi-square test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were statistically significant differences between the intervention and control groups regarding perceived benefits (24.68±3.63 vs. 26.57±3.67, <i>P</i>=0.009), perceived barriers (7.31±3.14 vs. 5.81±3.59, <i>P</i>=0.025), positive affect (10.50±1.66 vs. 11.29±1.34, <i>P</i>=0.009), negative affect (1.59±0.223 vs. 1.40±1.51, <i>P</i>=0.006), commitment to the action plan (4.05±1.92 vs. 4.77±1.50, <i>P</i>=0.034), and tooth brushing time (2.29±0.72 vs. 2.74±0.48, <i>P</i><0.001). However, no significant difference was observed regarding the tooth brushing frequency (2.05±0.58 vs. 2.07±0.66, <i>P</i>=0.901) after the intervention. The brushing time for 2-3 minutes in the intervention group increased from 51.85% to 75.92% after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HPM-based education was effective in promoting the duration of tooth brushing in pregnant women. However, it had no effect on the tooth brushing frequency.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10422136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10343127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Sociodemographic and Psychosocial Factors with Headache Symptom Among Indonesian Adolescents Based on the 5th Wave of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS-5).","authors":"Jimmy Fransisco Abadinta Barus,&nbsp;Harvey Sudharta,&nbsp;Ika Suswanti","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2023.114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2023.114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Headaches are common among children and adolescents, with more than half of adolescents reporting headache symptom worldwide. The number of migraine sufferers among adolescents has increased dramatically in the past decade. Headache has negatively influenced children and has been linked with emotional and behavioral problems.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted using secondary data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) to evaluate the relationship between sociodemographic and psychosocial factors in Indonesian adolescents and headaches. We used data from the fifth wave of IFLS, which was conducted between September 2014 and April 2015. The figures represent roughly 83% of the Indonesian population. We investigated the possible relationship between sociodemographic and psychosocial factors in adolescents with headaches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 3605 participants (1875 females and 1730 males) aged 15 to 19 years with headache symptom were included in the study. Headache was associated with sleep disturbances (OR 1.99; 95% CI: 1.72, 2.30), depression (OR 1.94; 95% CI: 1.65, 2.28), and female gender (OR 1.72; 95% CI: 1.50, 1.98). Other factors contributing to headaches include poor/moderate sleep quality (OR 1.25; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.45) and low income (OR 1.22; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.48).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In Indonesian adolescents aged 15 to 19 with headaches, sleep disturbances were the dominant factor associated with headache occurrence. Other factors such as depression, female gender, low socioeconomic status (SES), and poor/moderate sleep quality showed a positive association with headaches but further large population-based studies with more refined variables are needed to elucidate this association.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10422133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10361674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiologic Aspects of Animal Bite, Rabies, and Predictors of Delay in Post-exposure Prophylaxis: A National Registry-based Study in Iran.","authors":"Salman Khazaei,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Shirzadi,&nbsp;Behzad Amiri,&nbsp;Jamshid Pourmozafari,&nbsp;Erfan Ayubi","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2023.118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2023.118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The increasing trend in animal bites and rabies in recent years makes the disease a public health concern in Iran. The objectives of the current study were to investigate the epidemiologic aspects of the animal bite and determine the associated risk factors of the delay in initiation of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) against rabies in Iran.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>National registry-based cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included all registered cases of animal bites between March 2021 and March 2022 at the Ministry of Health and Medical Education in Iran. We retrieved epidemiologic data on person, time, place, and PEP outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 260470 animal bite cases (approximately 334 per 100000 populations, and 11 deaths) were registered during the study period. About 77.2% of them were reported in males, 4.3% in children aged less than 5 years, 56.4% occurred in urban areas, 98% in domestic animals, and mostly in north and northeast areas of Iran. Additionally, 2.8% of cases had a delay of more than 48 hours in the initiation of PEP. Significant determinants of the increase in delay were female gender (OR=1.43, 95% CI: 1.36, 1.51, <i>P</i><0.001), foreign nationality (OR=1.19, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.12, <i>P</i>=0.001), rural residence (OR=1.07, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.12, <i>P</i>=0.010), and the wild animals (OR=1.22, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.34, <i>P</i><0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The observed frequency of animal bites in a year indicates a serious public health concern and the need for targeted interventions, especially in at-risk areas and vulnerable populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10422135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10343123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal Variations and Factors that Influence Diverticular Bleeding in the United States of America.","authors":"Lindsay Talemal,&nbsp;Kausthubha Yaratha,&nbsp;Brian V Monahan,&nbsp;Daohai Yu,&nbsp;Xiaoning Lu,&nbsp;Juan Lucas Poggio","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2023.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2023.112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Seasonal variation in hospitalizations for diverticulitis has a sinusoidal pattern, peaking in summer. Little is known about seasonal, regional trends, and risk factors associated with hospital admissions regarding diverticular bleeding in the United States.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional population database review using the healthcare cost and utilization project's national inpatient sample.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients that had diagnoses of diverticulitis with bleeding or diverticulosis with bleeding admitted from January 1, 2015, through December 31, 2017, were identified and stratified by month and season. Then, the potential effects of region, age, gender, race, and patient risk factors on seasonal admissions for diverticular bleeding were explored, and data were analyzed in SAS and presented in Excel using chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis for categorical and continuous variables, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 54191 hospitalized cases for diverticular bleeding, the peak and the lowest seasons were spring and summer (25.5% vs. 24.2%, <i>P</i><0.0001). A significant seasonal pattern in comorbidities was also identified, and those with diabetes (<i>P</i><0.0001), hypertension (HTN) (<i>P</i><0.0001), obesity (<i>P</i><0.0001), and those on anticoagulants (<i>P</i>=0.016) all had more bleeding events in the spring. This was noted across US regions, gender, race, and age. Eventually, the southern region had the most admissions for diverticular bleeding at 40.9% (<i>P</i><0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A better understanding of these seasonal and regional trends may provide a mechanism to identify a potential trigger for diverticular bleeding events. This helps identify individuals at greatest risk for hospitalization, as well as prepare hospitals to allocate supplies appropriately during the seasons.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10422131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10370438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling Factors Associated with Dialysis Adequacy Using Longitudinal Data Analysis: Generalized Estimating Equation Versus Quadratic Inference Function.","authors":"Khadije Gholian,&nbsp;Karimollah Hajian-Tilaki,&nbsp;Roghayeh Akbari","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2023.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2023.117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In hemodialysis patients, changes in dialysis adequacy (DA) are examined longitudinally. The aim of this study was to determine factors affecting DA using the generalized estimating equation (GEE) and to compare them with the quadratic inference function (QIF).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A longitudinal study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This longitudinal study examined the records of 153 end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The longitudinal data on the DA and baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were obtained from patients' files. The GEE1, GEE2, and QIF models were fitted with different correlation structures, and then the best correlation structure was selected using the quasi-likelihood information criterion (QIC), Akaike information criterion (AIC), and Bayes information criterion (BIC) fitting criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of patients (59.5%) had unfavorable DA (KT/V<1.2). Women and patients<60 years had more favorable DA. In the GEE model, the coefficients of female gender (β=0.079, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.032, 0.062), age at starting dialysis (β=-0.002, 95% CI: -0.004, -0.0001), hypertension (HTN, β=-0.055, 95% CI: -0.007, -0.103), diabetes (β=-0.088,95% CI: -0.021, -0.155), dialysis duration (β=0.132, 95% CI: 0.085, 0.178), and weight (β=-0.004, 95% CI: -0.006, -0.003) demonstrated a significant relationship with DA. The three models resulted in a similar estimate of regression coefficients. The relative efficiencies of QIF versus GEE1, QIF versus GEE2, and GEE2 versus GEE1 were 1.175, 1.056, and 1.113, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DA is not optimal in most hemodialysis patients, and gender, age at the start of dialysis, HTN, diabetes, dialysis duration, and weight had a significant association with DA. The three different models yielded quite similar coefficient estimates, but the QIF model resulted more efficient than GEE1 and GEE2.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10422138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10103377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}