Journal of research in health sciences最新文献

{"title":"A Fuzzy Clustering Approach to Identify Pedestrians’ Traffic Behavior Patterns","authors":"Parisa Saeipour, Parvin Sarbakhsh, Saman Salemi, Fatemeh Bakhtari Aghdam","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2023.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2023.127","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pattern recognition of pedestrians’ traffic behavior can enhance the management efficiency of interested groups by targeting access to them and facilitating planning via more specific surveys. This study aimed to evaluate the pedestrians’ traffic behavior pattern by fuzzy clustering algorithm and assess the factors related to higher-risk traffic behavior of pedestrians. Study Design: This study is a secondary methodological study based on the data from a cross-sectional study. Methods: The fuzzy c-means (FCM), as a machine learning clustering method, was conducted to identify the pattern of traffic behaviors by collecting data from 600 pedestrians in Urmia, Iran via \"the Pedestrian Behavior Questionnaire\" (PBQ) and using 5 domains of PBQ. Multiple logistic regression was fitted to identify risk factors of traffic behaviors. Results: Results revealed two clusters consisting of lower-risk and higher-risk behaviors. The majority of pedestrians (64.33%) were in the lower-risk cluster. Subjects≤33 years old (Odds ratio [OR]=1.92, P<0.001), subjects with≤6 years of education (OR=1.74, P=0.010), males (OR=1.90, P=0.001), unmarried pedestrians (OR=3.61, P=0.007), and users of public transportation (OR=2.01, P=0.002) were more likely to have higher-risk traffic behavior. Conclusion: We identified traffic behavior patterns of Urmia pedestrians with lower-risk and higher-risk behaviors via FCM. The findings from this study would be helpful for policymakers to promote safety measures and train pedestrians.","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135295959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Hybrid Approach Based on Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average and Neural Network Autoregressive Models to Predict Scorpion Sting Incidence in El Oued Province, Algeria, From 2005 to 2020","authors":"Safia Zenia, Mohamed L’Hadj, Schehrazad Selmane","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2023.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2023.121","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study was designed to find the best statistical approach to scorpion sting predictions. Study Design: A retrospective study. Methods: Multiple regression, seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA), neural network autoregressive (NNAR), and hybrid SARIMA-NNAR models were developed to predict monthly scorpion sting cases in El Oued province. The root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) were used to quantitatively compare different models. Results: In general, 96909 scorpion stings were recorded in El Oued province from 2005-2020. The incidence rate experienced a gradual decrease until 2012 and since then slight fluctuations have been noted. Scorpion stings occurred throughout the year with peaks in September followed by July and August and troughs in December and January. Sting cases were not evenly distributed across demographic groups; the most affected age group was 15-49 years, and males were more likely to be stung. Of the reported deaths, more than half were in children 15 and younger. Scorpion’s activity was conditioned by climate factors, and temperature had the highest effect. The SARIMA(2,0,2)(1,1,1)12, NNAR(1,1,2)12, and SARIMA(2,0,2)(1,1,1)12-NNAR(1,1,2)12 were selected as the best-fitting models. The RMSE, MAE, and MAPE of the SARIMA and SARIMA-NNAR models were lower than those of the NNAR model in fitting and forecasting; however, the NNAR model could produce better predictive accuracy. Conclusion: The NNAR model is preferred for short-term monthly scorpion sting predictions. An in-depth understanding of the epidemiologic triad of scorpionism and the development of predictive models ought to establish enlightened, informed, better-targeted, and more effective policies.","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135295795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trend Analysis of Deaths With Unintentional Poisoning and Years of Life Lost in the South of Iran: 2004-2019","authors":"Habibollah Azarbakhsh, Fatemeh Jafari, Seyed Parsa Dehghani, Hamed Karami, Jafar Hassanzadeh, Alireza Mirahmadizadeh","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2023.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2023.123","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study was conducted to determine the mortality rate and the years of life lost (YLL) due to unintentional poisoning in Fars province in the south of Iran. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: In this study, data from all of the deaths due to unintentional poisoning in the south of Iran between 2004 and 2019 was extracted from the population-based Electronic Death Registry System (EDRS). The Joinpoint Regression method was used to examine the trend of the crude mortality rate, the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and the YLL rate. Results: During the 16-year study period (2004-2019), 1466 deaths due to poisoning occurred in Fars province. Of this number, 75.2% (1103 cases) were in men, and 37.5% (550 cases) were in the age group of 15-29 years. The total YLL due to poisoning during the 16-year study period were 25149 and 8392 in men and women, respectively. According to the joinpoint regression analysis, the 16-year trend of YLL rate due to premature mortality was stable. Moreover, the annual percent change (APC) was -0.7% (95% CI: -4.0 to 2.7, P=0.677) for males and - 0.3% (95% CI: -3.8 to 3.3, P=0.862) for females. Conclusion: The trend of crude mortality rate, ASMR and YLL due to unintentional poisonings was stable. Considering the high rate of mortality and YLL due to unintentional poisoning in the age group of 15-29 years, it is essential to take necessary actions in this age group.","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135295960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Pain Control and Adherence to Treatment in Dialysis Patients","authors":"Amir Hossein Sadeghi, Abbas Ghodrati-Torbati, Hamideh Yaghoubi, Seyed Ali Ahmadi","doi":"10.32598/jrh.13.5.2285.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jrh.13.5.2285.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pain control and adherence to treatment is one of the most common problems in dialysis patients. Psychological treatments can be effective in reducing the problems of these patients. This study attempted to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on pain control and adherence to treatment among dialysis patients. Methods: It was a semi-experimental pre-test, post-test study with a control group. The statistical population consisted of 40 people who were referred to a dialysis clinic in 2022 and an available sampling method was used to select and randomly assign patients to two experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, ACT was performed in eight sessions of 90 minutes. McGill pain questionnaire (MPQ) and adherence to treatment scale were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 21 and analysis of covariance. Results: There was a significant difference between the mean scores of pain control and adherence to treatment in the two experimental and control groups (p<0.05). The effect of this treatment on increasing the pain control score was 51% and on increasing the adherence to treatment score was 44%. Conclusion: ACT can increase pain control and adherence to treatment in dialysis patients; thus, it can be used in designing treatment plans for dialysis patients.","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136310115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature and COVID-19 Incidence: An Ecologic Study","authors":"Alireza Mirahmadizadeh, Alireza Heiran, Abdolrasool Hemmati, Mehrzad Lotfi, Mahsa Akbari, Alireza Forouzanrad, Roya Sahebi","doi":"10.32598/jrh.13.2.2052.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jrh.13.2.2052.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: According to the hypothesis, COVID-19 is less prevalent in regions with warm climates. Contradictory results have led us to investigate the correlation between temperature and the cumulative COVID-19 incidence rate. Methods: We obtained COVID-19 data from CRONALAB, COVID-DASHBOARD, and MCMC databases of Fars Province, Iran, linked the data and finalized daily COVID-19 cases. The daily data on the temperature was gotten from meteorological stations’ reports from March 21, 2020, to March 21, 2021, for each county of Fars Province, Southern Iran. The daily weighted cumulative incidence rate of COVID-19 cases was calculated for all counties, separately. Initially, for uniform data visualization, the average air temperature data were transformed into ranked percentiles. Then, to visually assess the study hypothesis, the distribution of COVID-19 cumulative incidence was visualized on percentiles of temperature. Given the non-linear distribution of the data, we performed exploratory analyses using the generalized additive models and locally weighted (polynomial) regressions to choose the best response function. Then, the generalized linear models were used to parametrically build the model. Results: The generalized additive models showed a small decreasing, near horizontal, linear pattern for COVID-19 incidence rate as the function of temperature (pseudo R2: 0.001, deviance explained: 0.13%, coefficient: -0.02). The GLMs showed head-to-head results (deviance explained: 0.13%, coefficient: -0.02], supported by similar Akaike information criteria (AICs) (34945). However, according to the locally weighted regressions model’s curve, lower COVID-19 incidence rates were recorded on days when the temperatures ranged from 60 to 80 percentiles, equal to 20°C to 25°C in a cold climate and 25°C to 35°C in a warm climate. This is while the rates increased at lower and upper temperatures. Conclusion: Daily COVID-19 incidence rate cannot be explained as a function of daily temperature in Southern parts of Iran. Higher rates of disease transmission out of the range of 20°C to 25°C for cold temperatures and 25°C to 35°C for warm climates might be linked to people’s indoor gatherings, coupled with insufficient ventilation.","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134984315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Life and Its Relative Factors Among Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Cross-sectional Study in Northwest Iran","authors":"Farid Gharibi, Ali Imani, Mehdi Haghi, Ali Khezri, Nasrin Joudyian, Masoumeh Ebrahimi Tavani, Koustuv Dalal","doi":"10.32598/jrh.13.4.2197.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jrh.13.4.2197.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the critical diseases due to its adverse clinical, social, and economic consequences for affected people. This study aims to assess the quality of life (QoL) of patients with MS in East Azerbaijan, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using the multiple sclerosis quality of life-54 (MSQoL-54) questionnaires to interview 300 randomly selected MS patients in East Azarbaijan Province, Iran. The independent t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Tukey post hoc test were used to examine the relationship between demographic variables, and QoL, and all analyses were performed using SPSS software, version 19. Results: The QoL score in MS patients is 48.22±22.48. The “life satisfaction” is the best and “physical role limitation” is the worst QoL aspect. Significant relationships were observed between marital status, education level, employment status, age of symptoms onset, and years of illness with QoL (P<0.05). Conclusion: The QoL of the MS patients in East Azarbaijan Province is lower than in other parts of Iran and much lower than in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries.","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135210135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological Analysis of HIV/AIDS in Kazakhstan During 2018-2020.","authors":"Galiya Bilibayeva,&nbsp;Dinara Ospanova,&nbsp;Anarkhan Nurkerimova,&nbsp;Farida Kussainova,&nbsp;Marat Tukeev,&nbsp;Moldir Shokybaeva,&nbsp;Shynar Tanabayeva,&nbsp;Ildar Fakhradiyev,&nbsp;Timur Saliev","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2023.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2023.115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a severe threat to public health everywhere, including the Central Asian region and Kazakhstan. The aim of the study was to conduct an epidemiological analysis of newly diagnosed cases of HIV infection during 2018-2020.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A case series study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive analysis of national data on registered cases of HIV in Kazakhstan was conducted, and demographic information was collected and studied accordingly. The analysis of the influence of age, period, and cohort was performed using the age-period-cohort method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the results, men prevailed (68.5%) among all cases of HIV infection (n=1235). Sexual transmission during heterosexual contact was higher in females (88.9%, <i>P</i>=0.005), and the number of new cases as a result of homosexual contact was higher in men (23.0%, <i>P</i>=0.087). In addition, the parenteral route of HIV transmission cases prevailed among men (27.5%, <i>P</i>=0.001), and intravenous drug administration was more common among males (27.4%, <i>P</i>=0.01). Moreover, 68.5% of men and 33.2% of women had a low therapy adherence. In men, the risk of HIV prevalence increased after 32.5 years (deviation [Dv]: 0.134, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.096 to 0.364). At the age of 37.5 years, there was an increase (Dv: 0.852, 95% CI=0.626 to 1.079) in HIV prevalence. However, no peaks were observed in women.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicated a rise in the prevalence of HIV infection in Kazakhstan. Men aged 37 and older were identified as the risk category. Eventually, inadequate adherence to treatment was observed in HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":"23 2","pages":"e00580"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10422132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10350456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Hybrid of Random Forests and Generalized Path Analysis: A Causal Modeling of Crashes in 52,524 Suburban Areas.","authors":"Fatemeh Jahanjoo,&nbsp;Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Mansournia,&nbsp;Seyyed Teymoor Hosseini,&nbsp;Mohammad Asghari-Jafarabadi","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2023.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2023.116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Determining suburban area crashes' risk factors may allow for early and operative safety measures to find the main risk factors and moderating effects of crashes. Therefore, this paper has focused on a causal modeling framework.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 52524 suburban crashes were investigated from 2015 to 2016. The hybrid-random-forest-generalized-path-analysis technique (HRF-gPath) was used to extract the main variables and identify mediators and moderators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study analyzed 42 explanatory variables using a RF model, and it was found that collision type, distinct, driver misconduct, speed, license, prior cause, plaque description, vehicle maneuver, vehicle type, lighting, passenger presence, seatbelt use, and land use were significant factors. Further analysis using g-Path demonstrated the mediating and predicting roles of collision type, vehicle type, seatbelt use, and driver misconduct. The modified model fitted the data well, with statistical significance ( χ²₃₀ =81.29, <i>P</i><0.001) and high values for comparative-fit-index and Tucker-Lewis-index exceeding 0.9, as well as a low root-mean-square-error-of-approximation of 0.031 (90% confidence interval: 0.030-0.032).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of our study identified several significant variables, including collision type, vehicle type, seatbelt use, and driver misconduct, which played mediating and predicting roles. These findings provide valuable insights into the complex factors that contribute to collisions via a theoretical framework and can inform efforts to reduce their occurrence in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":"23 2","pages":"e00581"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10422137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10008204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Potential with Mortality: Results from the Third National Nutrition Examination Survey.","authors":"Mohamed A Mostafa,&nbsp;Travis Skipina,&nbsp;Muhammad Ali Anees,&nbsp;Elsayed Z Soliman,&nbsp;Muhammad Imtiaz Ahmad","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2023.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2023.113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The empirical dietary inflammatory potential (EDIP) score is designed to assess the inflammatory potential of a diet based on the pro- and anti-inflammatory properties of its various components. This study examined the association of EDIP with all-cause mortality in a large, community-based, multiracial sample of the United States population.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A prospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This analysis included 13155 participants (44.6±18.4 years, 54.21% women, and 40.33% White) without prior history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination (NHANES III) Survey. A 24-hour dietary recall information was used to calculate EDIP. The National Death Index was employed to identify the date and cause of death. Cox proportional hazard analysis was utilized to evaluate the association between the tertiles of EDIP and all-cause mortality over a median follow-up of 26.6 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In a model adjusted for demographics and CVD risk factors, a higher EDIP tertile, compared with the lowest tertile, was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR]=1.10; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.19). A standard-deviation increase in EDIP (0.27 units) was related to a 4% increased risk of mortality (HR=1.04; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.08). This association was stronger in older participants compared to younger ones (HR=1.09; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.21 vs. HR=0.89; 95% CI: 0.80, 1.01), respectively, interaction <i>P</i>=0.030)].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pro-inflammatory diet is associated with an increased risk of mortality, especially in the older population. Dietary changes that reduce inflammation may have the potential to reduce the risk of poor outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":"23 2","pages":"e00578"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10422134/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10156919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoting Oral Health Behavior During Pregnancy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Saeid Bashirian,&nbsp;Maryam Barati,&nbsp;Majid Barati,&nbsp;Samane Shirahmadi,&nbsp;Salman Khazaei,&nbsp;Ensiyeh Jenabi,&nbsp;Leila Gholami","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2023.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2023.119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pregnant women are vulnerable to oral disease due to physiological, hormonal, and dietary alterations. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of the educational program according to the Health Promotion Model (HPM) on the oral health prevention behavior of pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was performed on 105 pregnant women visiting health centers located in Arak from February to November 2022. The subjects were randomly assigned to intervention (n=54) and control (n=51) groups. A reliable and valid questionnaire according to HPM constructs was used to collect the data. The pre-test was conducted in the groups. The intervention group received the educational program in 9 educational sessions (from 12 to 24 weeks of pregnancy). Then, the post-test was conducted in the 36th week of pregnancy in the groups. Finally, the data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 18) and using independent t-test, paired t-test, and Chi-square test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were statistically significant differences between the intervention and control groups regarding perceived benefits (24.68±3.63 vs. 26.57±3.67, <i>P</i>=0.009), perceived barriers (7.31±3.14 vs. 5.81±3.59, <i>P</i>=0.025), positive affect (10.50±1.66 vs. 11.29±1.34, <i>P</i>=0.009), negative affect (1.59±0.223 vs. 1.40±1.51, <i>P</i>=0.006), commitment to the action plan (4.05±1.92 vs. 4.77±1.50, <i>P</i>=0.034), and tooth brushing time (2.29±0.72 vs. 2.74±0.48, <i>P</i><0.001). However, no significant difference was observed regarding the tooth brushing frequency (2.05±0.58 vs. 2.07±0.66, <i>P</i>=0.901) after the intervention. The brushing time for 2-3 minutes in the intervention group increased from 51.85% to 75.92% after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HPM-based education was effective in promoting the duration of tooth brushing in pregnant women. However, it had no effect on the tooth brushing frequency.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":"23 2","pages":"e00584"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10422136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10343127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}