{"title":"Promoting Oral Health Behavior During Pregnancy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Saeid Bashirian, Maryam Barati, Majid Barati, Samane Shirahmadi, Salman Khazaei, Ensiyeh Jenabi, Leila Gholami","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2023.119","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pregnant women are vulnerable to oral disease due to physiological, hormonal, and dietary alterations. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of the educational program according to the Health Promotion Model (HPM) on the oral health prevention behavior of pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was performed on 105 pregnant women visiting health centers located in Arak from February to November 2022. The subjects were randomly assigned to intervention (n=54) and control (n=51) groups. A reliable and valid questionnaire according to HPM constructs was used to collect the data. The pre-test was conducted in the groups. The intervention group received the educational program in 9 educational sessions (from 12 to 24 weeks of pregnancy). Then, the post-test was conducted in the 36th week of pregnancy in the groups. Finally, the data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 18) and using independent t-test, paired t-test, and Chi-square test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were statistically significant differences between the intervention and control groups regarding perceived benefits (24.68±3.63 vs. 26.57±3.67, <i>P</i>=0.009), perceived barriers (7.31±3.14 vs. 5.81±3.59, <i>P</i>=0.025), positive affect (10.50±1.66 vs. 11.29±1.34, <i>P</i>=0.009), negative affect (1.59±0.223 vs. 1.40±1.51, <i>P</i>=0.006), commitment to the action plan (4.05±1.92 vs. 4.77±1.50, <i>P</i>=0.034), and tooth brushing time (2.29±0.72 vs. 2.74±0.48, <i>P</i><0.001). However, no significant difference was observed regarding the tooth brushing frequency (2.05±0.58 vs. 2.07±0.66, <i>P</i>=0.901) after the intervention. The brushing time for 2-3 minutes in the intervention group increased from 51.85% to 75.92% after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HPM-based education was effective in promoting the duration of tooth brushing in pregnant women. However, it had no effect on the tooth brushing frequency.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4000,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10422136/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of research in health sciences","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2023.119","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Pregnant women are vulnerable to oral disease due to physiological, hormonal, and dietary alterations. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of the educational program according to the Health Promotion Model (HPM) on the oral health prevention behavior of pregnant women.
Study design: A randomized controlled trial.
Methods: This study was performed on 105 pregnant women visiting health centers located in Arak from February to November 2022. The subjects were randomly assigned to intervention (n=54) and control (n=51) groups. A reliable and valid questionnaire according to HPM constructs was used to collect the data. The pre-test was conducted in the groups. The intervention group received the educational program in 9 educational sessions (from 12 to 24 weeks of pregnancy). Then, the post-test was conducted in the 36th week of pregnancy in the groups. Finally, the data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 18) and using independent t-test, paired t-test, and Chi-square test.
Results: There were statistically significant differences between the intervention and control groups regarding perceived benefits (24.68±3.63 vs. 26.57±3.67, P=0.009), perceived barriers (7.31±3.14 vs. 5.81±3.59, P=0.025), positive affect (10.50±1.66 vs. 11.29±1.34, P=0.009), negative affect (1.59±0.223 vs. 1.40±1.51, P=0.006), commitment to the action plan (4.05±1.92 vs. 4.77±1.50, P=0.034), and tooth brushing time (2.29±0.72 vs. 2.74±0.48, P<0.001). However, no significant difference was observed regarding the tooth brushing frequency (2.05±0.58 vs. 2.07±0.66, P=0.901) after the intervention. The brushing time for 2-3 minutes in the intervention group increased from 51.85% to 75.92% after the intervention.
Conclusion: HPM-based education was effective in promoting the duration of tooth brushing in pregnant women. However, it had no effect on the tooth brushing frequency.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Research in Health Sciences (JRHS) is the official journal of the School of Public Health; Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, which is published quarterly. Since 2017, JRHS is published electronically. JRHS is a peer-reviewed, scientific publication which is produced quarterly and is a multidisciplinary journal in the field of public health, publishing contributions from Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Public Health, Occupational Health, Environmental Health, Health Education, and Preventive and Social Medicine. We do not publish clinical trials, nursing studies, animal studies, qualitative studies, nutritional studies, health insurance, and hospital management. In addition, we do not publish the results of laboratory and chemical studies in the field of ergonomics, occupational health, and environmental health