Journal of separation science最新文献

{"title":"Correction to “Primaquine Analysis in Pharmaceutical Formulation Using Multiple and Short-End Injections by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis-Ultraviolet Detection”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70262","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70262","url":null,"abstract":"<p>J. C. Q. de Souza, P. R. Chellini, M. V. N. de Souza, and M. A. L. de Oliveira, “Primaquine Analysis in Pharmaceutical Formulation Using Multiple and Short-End Injections by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis-Ultraviolet Detection,” <i>Journal of Separation Science</i> 47, no. 22 (2024): 1–11, https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.70026.</p><p>The corrections to the article entitled “Primaquine Analysis in Pharmaceutical Formulation Using Multiple and Short-End Injections by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis-Ultraviolet Detection,” published in the <i>Journal of Separation Science</i>, DOI: 10.1002/jssc.70026 were considered. Thus, the corrections took into account errors in the following sections: Introduction, paragraph 2, and BGE Optimization, paragraph 2. Additionally, a correction was performed in Figure 1. The explanations for each corrected item have been described in detail.</p><p>In paragraph 2 of the “Introduction” section, the text “[…] the pKa₂ belongs to the nitrogen of pyridine moiety; […]” was incorrect. This should have read: “[…] the pKa₂ belongs to the nitrogen of the quinoline ring; […].”</p><p>In paragraph 2 of the “BGE Optimization” section, the text “The effective mobility versus pH curves in Figure 1B showed that the PQN is ionized up to pH 3.0, has a neutral behavior in the range of 4.0–10.0, and the anionic form becomes predominant at a pH above 11.0. So, PQN at pH values lower than pKa₂ behaves as a Lewis acid; at pH values between 4.5 and 9.5, approximately, it will have neutral behavior. Finally, above pH 10.4, it will behave as a Lewis base.” was incorrect. This should have read: “The effective mobility versus pH curves in Figure 1B show that PQN is doubly positively charged up to pH 3.2 (pKa₁), exhibits cationic behavior with a single positive charge in the pH range 4.0–10.0, and its neutral form becomes predominant at pH values above 10.4 (pKa₃). The expanded region of the first inflection point of the PQN curve, between 19.6 and 20.6 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹, is shown in Figure 1C.”</p><p>In Figure 1, Figure 1B is incorrect because the effective mobility versus pH curve of primaquine is incorrect. After recalculating the data, new mobility values were obtained, and the updated curve presents a very subtle inflection region. Therefore, the new Figure 1 should be divided into three parts: 1A—Primaquine structure and its pKa values; 1B—effective mobility versus pH curves for primaquine and background electrolyte components; and 1C—the expanded region of the first inflection point of the primaquine curve.″ The correct Figure 1 is shown below.</p><p>We apologize for these errors.</p>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jssc.70262","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-Mode Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry as a Forensic Tool for Cultural Heritage: Deconstructing Complex Hybrid Binder Stratigraphy in a Mid-Twentieth-Century Iranian Coffee House Painting","authors":"Biao Chen,&nbsp;Xin Wang,&nbsp;Hongyan Sun,&nbsp;Xinying Hao,&nbsp;Li You,&nbsp;Fang Wang,&nbsp;Michael R. Schilling,&nbsp;Yang Li,&nbsp;Anchuan Fan","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.70266","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The molecular characterization of progressively complex paint systems in cultural heritage objects remains a significant challenge, particularly for artworks employing mixed synthetic/natural binder. Overcoming this challenge is critical for reconstructing the material history and informing conservation strategies. This study investigates the multi-layered hybrid binder stratigraphy of <i>Portrait of Farrokh Gaffari</i> (Fathollah Qollar Aghasi, 1959), a representative work of the Iranian Coffee House School. Through complementary pyrolysis approaches—conventional pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry—the article developed an optimized analytical protocol for differentiating organic components in complex artistic matrices. Results demonstrate a four-layer structure: (1) cotton canvas substrate, (2) ground layer, (3) pigment layer, and (4) surface varnish. Targeted molecular marker analysis revealed the chemical stratigraphy: (1) dibutyl phthalate-plasticized polyvinyl acetate in the ground layer, (2) linseed oil as the binder in the pigment layer, and (3) an alkyd resin varnish incorporating phthalic acid, pentaerythritol, linseed oil derivatives, and terpenoids from Pinaceae resin. The combined pyrolysis approaches successfully addressed analytical challenges associated with microsamples from mixed-media artworks, enabling clear differentiation among native binders, synthetic polymers, and additives. This research bridges critical gaps between analytical chemistry and heritage science: demonstrating how molecular diagnostics directly informs preventive and interventive conservation strategies for 20th-century hybrid artworks.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Solute Descriptors for the Solvation Parameter Model by Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography Binary and Ternary Solvent Systems: A Case Study","authors":"Sanka N. Atapattu,&nbsp;Azamat Temerdashev","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70283","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70283","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The solvation parameter model is a versatile tool validated across various applications for characterizing chromatographic systems and estimating biophysical and environmental properties of interest. The general form of the solvation parameter model for applications where transfer of neutral compounds between two condensed phases uses five solute descriptors, where, except for McGowan's characteristic volume (V), the remaining four descriptors are determined using a combination of reversed-liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, and liquid–liquid partitioning experimental data. In this study, we investigated the determination of solute descriptors for the solvation parameter model using binary and ternary solvent systems in reversed-phase liquid chromatography on a single stationary phase. As a proof of concept, we replicate the descriptor values found in the WSU descriptor database with those of solute descriptors determined using reversed-phase liquid chromatography binary and ternary solvent systems on a single stationary phase for 31 compounds. As a case study, we demonstrated the application of this approach by determining solute descriptors for 13 new compounds using this proposed approach. Standard error values for the estimated descriptors ranged from 0.019 for 1-fluoro-4-nitrobenzene to 0.080 for 4-methylbenzaldehyde.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct In-Bone Protein Digestion With Subsequent LC Separation and Trap Ion Mobility MS Detection of Released Peptides as an Effective Tool for the Proteomic Characterization of Bone Tissues","authors":"Lenka Peterková,&nbsp;Michaela Tesařová,&nbsp;Adéla Sukupová,&nbsp;Iva Michalus,&nbsp;Pavel Cejnar,&nbsp;Zdeněk Fík,&nbsp;Jiří Šantrůček,&nbsp;Václav Kašička,&nbsp;Radovan Hynek","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70277","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70277","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Common pathological changes in bone tissues like osteomas or exostoses remain not fully understood at the molecular level due to the difficulties in analyzing bone tissues in which they occur. Therefore, new rapid and powerful techniques are needed that could become routine tools for such analysis. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate whether direct in-bone tryptic protein digestion followed by LC separation and trap ion mobility MS detection and identification of released peptides is able to identify sufficient numbers of proteins in above mentioned bone tissues. The second aim was to verify whether the mathematical analysis of the obtained MS data would have a potential to distinguish pathological and control healthy bone tissues. It turned out that this approach made possible to identify altogether 4810 proteins in samples of control healthy skull bone tissues, 6284 proteins in pathological skull bone tissues, and 3000 proteins in mandibular bone tissues. Mathematical analysis of obtained MS data enabled to discriminate control healthy and pathological skull bone tissues samples with accuracy of 87%. Thus, the reported approach seems to have a high potential for routine and effective characterization of bone tissues, in which pathological changes like exostoses or osteomas may occur. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD065656.</p>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12445404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speciation of Nitrogen-Containing Molecules in the Distilled Fractions of Plastic Pyrolysis Oils Using Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Coupled With High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry and a Nitrogen Chemiluminescence Detector","authors":"Bruno da CostaMagalhães,&nbsp;Pascal Pijcke,&nbsp;Niels Verhoosel,&nbsp;Ron Bassie,&nbsp;Philip Janssen,&nbsp;Cesare Benedetti,&nbsp;Matthijs Ruitenbeek,&nbsp;Georgios Bellos,&nbsp;Melissa N. Dunkle","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70272","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70272","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plastic pyrolysis oils (PPOs) as potential steam cracker feedstocks contain several undesired molecules, such as oxygenates, nitrogenates, halogenated species, and metals. In this context, the speciation of these components is crucial to define an effective upgrading process before feeding PPO into steam crackers. In this work, a methodology is presented to identify and quantify nitrogen-containing molecules in PPOs using a comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography system coupled to a high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer (GC×GC-HR-TOFMS) and a (comprehensive two-dimensional) gas chromatography system coupled to a nitrogen chemiluminescence detector (GC(×GC)-NCD). In addition, spectra analysis tool, a toolkit paired with the Leco ChromaTOF software, was used to filter HR-TOFMS data and allowed identifying fragments which contained nitrogen. A crude PPO and its distilled fractions were analyzed. The analysis of different boiling point ranges of PPO allowed the identification of several compounds which would be challenging in the full-range oil and provided additional insights into the sample composition, especially regarding the heavier fractions containing several branched paraffinic nitriles. Nitrogen species such as benzonitrile, caprolactam, benzenedicarbonitrile, hexadecanenitrile, and others were identified and quantified. The nitrogen content of all distilled fractions of PPOs obtained with GC-NCD was similar to the values from elemental analysis, with a recovery of approximately 100%. Therefore, the GC-NCD method proved to be robust for quantifying nitrogen species in PPOs and can potentially be implemented in quality control labs, while GC×GC-HR-TOFMS and GC(×GC)-NCD are powerful tools for speciation of unknown N-compounds.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Composite for Fabric-Phase Sorptive Extraction of Aflatoxin M1 From Milk-Based Sport and Bodybuilding Supplements Followed by HPLC With Fluorescence Detection","authors":"Hang Yin,&nbsp;Yunsheng Zhu","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70264","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70264","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study presents the first fabric-phase sorptive extraction (FPSE) approach based on three-dimensional carbonized bio-aerogel/ZnO composite for separation and preconcentration of aflatoxin M1 (AFLM1) from milk-based sport and bodybuilding supplements. The developed extraction method was combined with high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FL). The synthesized composite was anchored to a cotton substrate and placed at the end of a burette to be used as a sorbent. By passing the sample solution through the fabric-phase sorbent with the appropriate flow rate, the analytes were trapped by the sorbent. After that, a suitable organic elution solvent was passed through the sorbent at a constant flow rate to elute the analytes. After collecting the elution solvent and evaporating it, the residue was dissolved in the mobile phase and injected into HPLC-FL. Under optimized conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for the proposed procedure were 0.003 and 0.010 µg kg⁻¹, respectively. The linear range of the calibration curve was in the range of 0.010–80 µg kg⁻¹ with a correlation coefficient of 0.995. The method's precision was evaluated through intra- and interday relative standard deviations (RSDs) by analyzing seven replicates of target samples containing 10.0 µg kg⁻¹ AFLM1. Results showed intraday precision of 2.1% and interday precision of 4.8%. It was successfully applied to real sport and bodybuilding supplements, showing no significant matrix interference.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Fluorescence Method for Determination of Ethoxyquin and Its Dimer in Antarctic Krill Powder","authors":"Lihong Xing,&nbsp;Weihong Sun,&nbsp;Xiaojie Sun,&nbsp;Zhijun Tan,&nbsp;Lin Yao,&nbsp;Zhaoxin Li,&nbsp;Shuo Qie,&nbsp;Qingyan Wang","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70269","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70269","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ethoxyquin (EQ) is a quinolone-based synthetic antioxidant that prevents lipid peroxidation and is added to consumer products and animal feeds as a preservative. Importantly, EQ is added to Antarctic krill products, and this can pose health hazards to consumers, and monitoring EQ levels in these products is an important means to ensure consumer safety. Thus, we established a method for the simultaneous analytical determination of EQ and its primary metabolite the ethoxyquin dimer (EQDM). The residual EQ and EQDM in Antarctic krill powder (AKP) were extracted with sodium carbonate solution and acetone and then extracted with <i>n</i>-hexane by liquid–liquid extraction. After purification by neutral alumina solid-phase extraction column and primary secondary amine, the analytes were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. The calibration curves were linear in a range of 0.005–2 µg/mL for EQ and 0.05–20 µg/mL for EQDM with correlation coefficients &gt;0.999. The recoveries ranged from 78.8% to 101% at three spiked levels. The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations were &lt;15%. The limits of detection were 3 and 30 µg/kg, and the limits of quantification were 10 and 100 µg/kg for EQ and EQDM, respectively. The proposed method was sensitive, accurate, easy to operate, and economical and is suitable for the determination of EQ and EQDM in AKP.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145075670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-assisted Extraction of Flavonoids From Lycium barbarum L. using Gemini Ionic Liquid-based Deep Eutectic Solvents","authors":"Yingying Zhang,&nbsp;Ruixue Zhang,&nbsp;Xuzhao Yang,&nbsp;Longhuan Wu,&nbsp;Ying Li,&nbsp;Yakun Li,&nbsp;Dan Ping,&nbsp;Runyi Liu,&nbsp;Daming Wu,&nbsp;Xintong Jiang","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70265","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70265","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The extraction of bioactive compounds from natural plants has received considerable attention, with deep eutectic solvents (DESs) being considered as a novel kind of green solvent in the extraction processes. To extract bioactive ingredients from natural plants, a series of DESs was synthesized by combining a newly Gemini ionic liquid (IL), C₃(MIM)₂Br₂ with ethylene glycol (EG) in various molar ratios (1:3, 1:4, 1:5, and 1:6). The structure of the C₃(MIM)₂Br₂/EG(1:6) system was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, as well as ¹H and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The synthesized DESs were employed for the ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of flavonoids from <i>Lycium barbarum</i> L., and the flavonoid was quantified using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Key process parameters, including extraction time, temperature, and solid-liquid ratio, were optimized through single-factor analysis and <i>L</i>₉(3³) orthogonal array experiments. The results demonstrated optimal extraction conditions as follows: extraction time of 40 min, extraction temperature of 50°C, and a solid-liquid ratio of 1/50 (g/mL) (the ratio of the mass of the solid material to the volume of the liquid as the extract, g/mL). Statistical analysis revealed that extraction temperature and extraction time had both probability values less than 0.05, indicating a significant impact on the extraction rate, and the extraction yield of flavonoids reached 17.94 mg/g, exceeding that achieved with 60% ethanol. The Gemini IL-based DESs exhibited distinct advantages in flavonoid extraction compared to traditional organic solvents. Additionally, the mechanisms underlying UAE using DESs were investigated through thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The findings indicate that ultrasonically-assisted incorporation of Gemini ILs holds promise for advancing the extraction of bioactive substances.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145075665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Energized Dispersive–Guided Extraction Using Doehlert Matrix Optimization and Antioxidant Evaluation of Phenolic Compounds From Herbal Leaves by Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography","authors":"Rosianne P. Silva,&nbsp;Paulo N. A. Santos,&nbsp;Luciana L. Nascimento,&nbsp;Alini T. Fricks,&nbsp;Allan S. Polidoro,&nbsp;Elina B. Caramão","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70250","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70250","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Secondary metabolites are important bioactive compounds for diet and medicine. This study optimizes the extraction of hydroethanolic herbal extracts using an EDGE (Energized Dispersive Guided Extraction) system, evaluates their antioxidant capacity, and analyzes correlations among antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, and individual compounds. A Doehlert matrix design was used to optimize extraction, having temperature and time as independent variables, and total phenolic content (mg GAE/g) as the response, quantified via the Folin–Ciocalteu method. Response surface methodology and analysis of variance validated the model. Extracts were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector, and antioxidant capacity was assessed using three different assays. Correlation analysis explored potential synergistic effects. Optimal extraction conditions (40% ethanol, 60% water, 165.82°C, 6.03 min) yielded a significant model (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05, <i>R</i>² = 0.99). The mean total phenolic content was 69.18 mg GAE/g (SD = 0.73%). Chromatographic analysis confirmed phenolic acids, highlighting rutin in <i>Crataegus oxyacantha</i> and theophylline in <i>Sorocea bonplandii</i>. Antioxidant assays indicated a strong presence of active compounds, and correlation analysis suggested synergistic effects among constituents. The optimized extraction method effectively enhanced phenolic compound yield and antioxidant properties. The findings highlight potential synergistic interactions among phenolic constituents, contributing to the functional properties of the herbal extracts.</p>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jssc.70250","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145033437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in ICP-MS-Based Nanoparticle Characterization: Techniques and Challenges in Biological Sample Analysis","authors":"Filip Gregar,&nbsp;Daniel Baron,&nbsp;Tomáš Pluháček","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70259","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70259","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The increasing use of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) in consumer and biomedical products has raised concern over their potential accumulation, transformation, and toxicity in biological systems. Accurate analytical methods are essential to detect, characterize, and quantify NPs in complex biological matrices. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has emerged as a leading technique due to its high sensitivity, elemental selectivity, and quantitative capabilities. This review critically evaluates recent advances (from January 2020 onward) in ICP-MS-based methods for analysis of NPs in biological samples. Two main strategies are discussed: single-particle ICP-MS (spICP-MS) and hyphenated techniques coupled to ICP-MS. spICP-MS allows direct determination of particle size, concentration, and metal content at environmentally relevant levels. It is the most widely used approach and is therefore examined in greater detail, with attention to extraction procedures, particle types, sample matrices, and inherent limitations. Advances in laser ablation spICP-MS for tissue imaging and spatially resolved NPs detection are also covered. Methods using hyphenated techniques, such as hydrodynamic chromatography, size-exclusion chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, Taylor dispersion analysis, and field-flow fractionation, are increasingly employed to address limitations spICP-MS. These approaches can provide enhanced insight into particle size distributions, aggregation behavior, and interactions with complex sample matrices. This review offers a comparative evaluation of both single-particle and hyphenated methods, discussing their respective advantages and limitations. Emphasis is placed on the complementarity of these techniques and how their combined use can offer a more complete understanding of NPs’ fate in biological systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jssc.70259","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145033452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}