Journal of separation science最新文献

{"title":"Preparation of a Biomimetic Poly-Phosphatidylserine Monolithic Column for Immobilized Artificial Membrane Chromatography","authors":"Xueyan Zhu,&nbsp;Xianglong Zhao,&nbsp;Zhongkang Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoyuan Xie,&nbsp;Jincai Wang,&nbsp;Jianlong Liang,&nbsp;Zheng Liu,&nbsp;Tao Deng,&nbsp;Bin Yang,&nbsp;Jialiang Guo","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70120","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70120","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The pharmacokinetic properties of drugs are significantly influenced by their interactions with cell membranes. Phosphatidylserine (PS) as one of the crucial membrane phospholipids is present abundantly in biological cells. In this study, a PS-mimicking phospholipid membrane polymer monolithic column was developed using the synthetic compound 2-methylacryloxydodecyl phosphatidylserine (MDPS). The physicochemical properties and chromatographic performance of the poly(MDPS-<i>co</i>-ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA)) monolithic column were evaluated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nano-high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The retention mechanism was investigated by eluting the acidic, neutral, and basic compounds under the same gradient conditions, and the performance of the poly(MDPS-<i>co</i>-EDMA) monolithic column was compared with that of a poly(12-methacryloyl n-dodecylphosphocholine (MDPC)-<i>co</i>-EDMA) monolithic column. The poly(MDPS-<i>co</i>-EDMA) column demonstrated effective separation capabilities for small peptides, protein enzymatic hydrolysis polypeptides, and pharmaceutical compounds. Furthermore, the column was also employed to predict the blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability of drugs, and the correlation coefficient of 0.73 indicates the promising potential of poly(MDPS-<i>co</i>-EDMA) monolithic column for predicting the ability of drugs to cross the BBB.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Separation of Weak Acids, Neutral Compounds, and Permanent Ions Using Sequential Elution with Tandem-Column Liquid Chromatography","authors":"Lauren Kline Lovejoy,&nbsp;Joe P. Foley,&nbsp;Kaitlin M. Grinias","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70124","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70124","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sequential elution-liquid chromatography (SE-LC) employs conventional high-performance LC instrumentation to separate compounds by class and within each class using two or more sequential elution modes. The aim of this work was to validate a novel SE-LC method used to separate weak acids, permanently charged ions (anions), and neutral compounds by applying first a low pH isocratic elution to elute the weak acids, then an acetonitrile gradient to elute the neutral compounds, and lastly a sodium methanesulfonate gradient to elute the anionic compounds using a tandem-column arrangement comprised of a C18 column and a strong anion exchange column. The effects of flow rate, starting mobile phase organic content, column temperature, mobile phase composition, and gradient start time were investigated using a 2^5-1 fractional factorial design with center points for robustness. The method was demonstrated to be robust, specific, linear, accurate, and precise (repeatable) over the range of 6%–120% of the target analyte concentrations.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous Multiclass Analysis of Cyanotoxins in Cyanobacterial Samples Using Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry","authors":"Rosemary Bergin,&nbsp;Siobhan Peters,&nbsp;Simon Mitrovic,&nbsp;David P. Bishop","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70121","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70121","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The proliferation of cyanobacteria can result in algal blooms, which may cause environmental and biological harm due to the production and release of secondary metabolites, or cyanotoxins, into the affected waterway. Cyanobacteria can produce multiple classes of cyanotoxins; therefore, to understand the full toxic load of algal blooms, it is necessary to perform analyses that quantify each class. These classes are generally monitored individually due to the challenges associated with the differing physicochemical properties of the cyanotoxins. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) is a form of chromatography capable of retaining multiple classes of cyanotoxins that differ in physicochemical properties. Here an HILIC-MS/MS method was developed and validated to detect 3 microcystins, 11 saxitoxins, and 2 anatoxins. The chromatographic conditions were optimized to allow for the separation of multiple pairs of saxitoxin epimers, and in-source fragmentation in the MS interface was used to develop unique MRMs between the pairs. The method was validated and had low limits of detection (LODs, between 0.00770 and 9.75 µg L⁻¹) and limits of quantification (LOQs, between 0.0257 and 32.5 µg L⁻¹) for all compounds. All analytes exhibited good linearity (<i>R</i>² values ≥ 0.991) and low percentage relative standard deviations for retention time (0%–1.74%) and peak area (4.54%–27.6%), with spiked recoveries ranging from 75.6% to 117% for all compounds. A multiclass sample preparation method to extract the three classes of analytes from cyanobacterial samples was developed and validated, with 80:20 acetonitrile:water and 0.1% formic acid as the optimal extraction solvent. The newly developed sample preparation and analysis methods were applied to cultured cyanobacteria and field samples, with microcystins and saxitoxins detected. The multiclass sample preparation and analysis methods developed here improve on individual methods as they reduce the complexity and time of sample preparation and analysis and will assist ecotoxicologists in assessing the full toxic risk of cyanobacterial blooms.</p>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11923511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in the Construction and Applications of Monolithic and Open-tubular Capillary Electrochromatography (2022–2024)","authors":"Xueping Tao,&nbsp;Dan Wang,&nbsp;Meiting Yan,&nbsp;Yan Ma,&nbsp;Yang Zhou,&nbsp;Qifeng Fu","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70119","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70119","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Capillary electrochromatography (CEC) has attracted significant attention and gained considerable recognition in the field of separation science owing to its excellent separation efficiency. While numerous reviews on CEC have been published in recent years, a comprehensive and systematic summary of the typical synthesis strategies for electrochromatographic stationary phases and their state-of-the-art applications in CEC remains lacking. This review highlights recent advances (over the past 3 years) and representative applications (including chiral separation, microextraction-coupled analysis, metabolomics, enzyme analysis, and food analysis) of monolithic and open-tubular stationary phases in CEC. The advantages and limitations of each methodology are critically analyzed to present a balanced evaluation. Additionally, this work outlines future prospects regarding the development trends in electrochromatographic stationary phase preparation methods and the evolving applications of CEC.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of AAV Capsids Separation on Specimen Columns for Reproducibility Evaluation of Large-Scale Chromatographic Monoliths","authors":"Rok Miklavčič,&nbsp;Tina Simčič,&nbsp;Sara Rotar,&nbsp;Polona Komel,&nbsp;Rok Žigon,&nbsp;Dona Pavlovič,&nbsp;Ines Bergoč,&nbsp;Domen Ipavec,&nbsp;Ana Simčič Zuljan,&nbsp;Ažbe Žnidaršič,&nbsp;Dolores Kukanja,&nbsp;Jana Vidič,&nbsp;Aleš Štrancar,&nbsp;Urh Černigoj","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.70114","url":null,"abstract":"<p>One of the key challenges in adeno-associated virus (AAV) viral vector manufacturing is the effective and consistent separation of full (F) AAV capsids from undesired non-functional (empty = E, partially filled, etc.) capsids. Typically, at least one chromatography step is used for this purpose in AAV manufacturing. Due to the complexity of viral capsids separation, even a small change in the chromatographic process is reflected in unreproducible results. One solution for robust polishing of full AAV capsids is the highly reproducible (HR) design of chromatographic columns used in this step. Implementation of such columns requires the development of control tests, which efficiently predict column performance for AAV separation. In this paper, the methodology for reproducible separation of empty and full recombinant AAV2/8 (E/F rAAV2/8) capsids was defined using quaternary amine (QA) chromatographic monoliths in a linear potassium chloride (KCl) gradient. The scalability of the procedure was experimentally confirmed on 1, 80, and 800 mL CIMmultus QA columns, where empty capsids eluted at a KCl concentration range of 89.4–91.4 mM. A sampling of the monolith material from the 800 mL CIMmultus QA column and testing it for E/F rAAV2/8 capsid separation in the form of a 200 µL column resulted in a highly comparable elution pattern as obtained with the parent 800 mL column. The principle of sampling material by cutting the parent monolith, packing it in 200 µL columns (specimens) and testing them for E/F rAAV2/8 capsid separation was further developed to demonstrate intra-column homogeneity; batch-to-batch homogeneity; and scalability of CIM QA monoliths. Finally, specimens testing using a validated E/F rAAV2/8 separation method was used to monitor 28 CIMmultus QA production batches (bed volumes between 1 and 8000 mL). E rAAV2/8 capsids eluted at KCl concentration between 89.3 and 95.3 mM for 28 batches, paving the way for commercialization of highly reproducible preparative QA chromatographic monoliths (CIMmultus QA HR).</p>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jssc.70114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143638950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic Solid Phase Extraction of Lead (II) and Cadmium (II) From Water Samples Using ZnO@Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Combined With Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Determination","authors":"Şeyma Korkmaz,&nbsp;Elvan Hasanoğlu Özkan,&nbsp;Demet Uzun,&nbsp;Nurdan Kurnaz Yetim,&nbsp;Cemile Özcan","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.70115","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A new magnetic solid phase extraction method was developed utilizing magnetically enhanced zinc oxide (ZnO@Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles for the separation and enrichment of lead (II) and cadmium (II) before sample determination through flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The ZnO@Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles synthesized by the hydrothermal method were characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. The experimental factors like pH (6.0), eluent type and concentration (1 M nitric acid for lead (II), 1 M hydrochloric acid for cadmium (II)), adsorbent amount (150 mg for lead (II), and 200 mg for cadmium (II)), sample volume (5 mL), and extraction time (5 min for lead (II), and 10 min for cadmium (II)) were optimized. Under the optimization conditions, limits of detection of 2.36 and 7.86 µg/L for lead (II) and cadmium (II) were obtained with a wide concentration range from 50 to 5000 µg/L, respectively. The presented method was successfully applied to real water samples with spiked recoveries in the range of 99.2%–101% for lead (II) and 99.6%–100% for cadmium (II).</p>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jssc.70115","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143638951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of Hybrid Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Based on 3-Triethoxysilylpropyl Methacrylic Amide for Solid-Phase Extraction of Gatifloxacin From Lake Water","authors":"Meihong Chai,&nbsp;Chang Liu,&nbsp;Liping Zhang,&nbsp;Yi Wang,&nbsp;Xueyan Zhen,&nbsp;Yi Yang,&nbsp;Yanping Huang,&nbsp;Zhaosheng Liu","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.70122","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A novel molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) against gatifloxacin based on a hybrid monomer (3-triethoxysilylpropyl methacrylic amide, APTES-MAA) was reported. In this study, the imprinted monolith was synthesized with gatifloxacin as template, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as cross-linker, and APTES-MAA as functional monomer in a mixture of acetonitrile and isooctane as porogen via an optimization based on density functional theory (DFT). The polymers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and mercury porosimetry. The resulting hybrid MIPs (HMIPs) showed high affinity and selectivity to the template molecule with an imprinted factor of 16.28 ± 0.53, which was 6.1 times higher than that of the traditional methacrylic acid–based MIP. The MIP was used as an adsorbent in solid-phase extraction of lake water with gatifloxacin. The recovery was 96.52 ± 2.69%. The method exhibits the advantageous features of cost-effectiveness and high sensitivity, rendering it a promising approach for analyzing organic pollutants in water.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Chemical Composition of Long-Chain Linear Alkylbenzenes Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Microwave Plasma Torch Mass Spectrometry","authors":"Yuwen He,&nbsp;Jing Luo,&nbsp;Pengcheng Hu,&nbsp;Xingmei Song,&nbsp;Min Zhao,&nbsp;Guozhou Wang,&nbsp;Fengjian Chu,&nbsp;Hongru Feng,&nbsp;Yuanjiang Pan","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.70123","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Long-chain linear alkylbenzenes (LABs) are essential precursors to produce alkylbenzene sulfonates, which have high surfactant properties and are readily biodegradable, widely used in various detergents. However, an effective and rapid method for the direct analysis and quality control of LAB chemical composition still needs to be improved. This study uses high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with microwave plasma torch mass spectrometry (HPLC-MPT-MS) to analyze the composition of long-chain LABs and quantify nine of these components. The results show that the main components in long-chain LAB samples are eicosylbenzene, docosylbenzene, and tetracosylbenzene, primarily including four structures, three of which have been structurally identified. This study successfully separates and analyzes LAB directly via HPLC-MPT-MS, providing a valuable and reliable method for the quality evaluation of LAB.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adapting the Laser-Induced Fluorescence Detection Setup of the Standard Capillary Electrophoresis Equipment to Achieve High-Sensitivity Detection of 2-Aminoacridone Labeled Oligosaccharides","authors":"Filip Dusa,&nbsp;Marcelina Rusin,&nbsp;Denisa Smolkova,&nbsp;Jozef Sestak,&nbsp;Justyna Dobrowolska-Iwanek,&nbsp;Michał Woźniakiewicz,&nbsp;Jana Lavicka","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.70112","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The high-sensitivity capabilities of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection continuously promote the development of various labels with different fluorescence properties. However, this strategy also requires the adaptation of existing detection systems to suit the excitation and emission characteristics of novel fluorescent tags. In this study, we adapted the LIF detector of the commercial capillary electrophoresis instrument to the specific fluorescence spectra of 2-aminoacridone labeled human milk oligosaccharides. An external solid-state laser with a wavelength of 405 nm was connected to the commercial capillary electrophoresis instrument via a simple 3D-printed laser-to-light-guide adapter, and different optical filter setups were compared based on the signal-to-noise ratio. The optimized setup provided detection limits as low as 0.27 to 0.34 nM, corresponding to injection of 3.4 to 4.6 attomoles of 2-aminoacridone labeled oligosaccharides. These findings show that the optimized laser and filter configuration can enhance the sensitivity of electrophoretic separation by several orders of magnitude. In addition, the presented setup can be utilized as a guide for coupling different lasers to the commercial instrument.</p>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jssc.70112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction of Benzoic Acids in Fruit Juices Using Hydrophilic Metal-Organic Framework MIL-101(Cr) Coated with Magnetic Nanoparticles","authors":"Yu Jiang,&nbsp;Hong Pan,&nbsp;Menghong Xie,&nbsp;Huifeng Deng,&nbsp;Guihua Ruan,&nbsp;Yipeng Huang","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.70118","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, magnetic Fe₃O₄-coated metal-organic framework composites, CONH₂-MIL-101(Cr)/Fe₃O₄, were synthesized by depositing Fe₃O₄ particles on the surface of amidated MIL-101(Cr). The scanning electron microscope images show that the MIL-101(Cr) crystals were uniformly coated by Fe₃O₄ particles. The magnetic hysteresis curve of CONH₂-MIL-101(Cr)/Fe₃O₄ reveals a saturated magnetization value of 23.47 emu/g. The water contact angle decreases from 61.00° to 12.88° after amidation and Fe₃O₄ coating. The magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) efficiency of CONH₂-MIL-101(Cr)/Fe₃O₄ for benzoic acid derivatives was studied. Under optimal conditions, the adsorption and desorption processes can be completed within 5 min, and the maximum adsorption capacity to protocatechuic acid (PCA) and vanillic acid (VA) is 10.31 and 17.30 mg/g. Coupling the MSPE with high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection, the detection limit for PCA and VA was 0.29 and 0.58 ng/mL, respectively. The mean recoveries of PCA and VA in spiked samples ranged from 82.85%–91.27% with relative standard deviations lower than 0.33%–5.33%. This study provides inspiration for the fabrication of novel magnetic sorbents, and a reliable method for the adsorption and analysis of benzoic acid derivatives.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}