Journal of separation science最新文献

{"title":"A Review on the Applications of Quantum Dots in Sample Preparation","authors":"Mahdie Rezaei,&nbsp;Ali Mehdinia","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70061","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70061","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In recent years, despite significant advances in preconcentration and preparation techniques that have led to efficient recovery and accurate measurement of target compounds. There is still a need to develop adsorbents with unique and efficient features such as high pore volume and surface area, reactivity, easy synthesis, low toxicity, and compatibility with the environment, which increase the adsorption capacity and increase extraction efficiency. Semiconductor nanocrystals called quantum dots (QDs) with a size of less than 10 nm are three-dimensional nanoparticles with a spherical, rod, or disc structure that have significant potential in extraction as adsorbents due to their excellent properties such as low toxicity, reactivity, environmental friendliness, and hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions. One of the most basic issues in the development of adsorbents is to increase the effective surface and, as a result, their extraction efficiency. QDs, having an effective surface much higher than conventional nanomaterials, are a suitable option for extracting target compounds in different environments. This work comprehensively reviews QD-based extraction methods and surface modification strategies of QDs based on functional groups, ligands, and materials from 2013 to 2024. In addition, the applications of QD-based composites for the extraction of organic and inorganic analytes (residues of drugs in human blood and plasma, toxins, pesticides, pollutants from chemical industries, heavy metals, etc.) in different matrices are investigated.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Approach to the Isolation of Disease Markers: Quantitative Analysis of Amino Acids in Exhaled Breath Condensates from Sleep Apnea Patients with Enhanced Sampling and LC-ESI-MS","authors":"Anna Kaliszewska,&nbsp;Piotr Struczyński,&nbsp;Sylwia Kwiatkowska,&nbsp;Daruisz Nowak,&nbsp;Tomasz Bączek,&nbsp;Lucyna Konieczna","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70079","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Interest in obstructive sleep apnea is rising due to its neurocognitive and cardiovascular impacts, including systemic hypertension, myocardial infarction, and cerebrovascular events. Obstructive sleep apnea diagnosis can be suggested through symptoms like snoring, daytime sleepiness, and physical signs like increased neck circumference; however, overnight polysomnography is recommended to confirm. Exhaled breath condensate has emerged as a novel, noninvasive technique for biomarker sample collection. It is simple, rapid, repeatable, and suitable for young children and severely ill patients. A direct method using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry coupled with hydrophilic interaction chromatography was established for quantitative analysis of amino acids in human exhaled breath condensate samples. The separation was performed using XBridge Amide BEH column and a mobile phase of ammonium formate buffer in gradient conditions. The method exhibited a low detection limit (0.08–1.28 ng/mL), good linearity (<i>R</i>² between 0.9909 and 0.9987), and high recoveries (93–101.3%) for 21 studied amino acids with interday RSD of 2.1–7.7%. The LC-MS method was verified and applied to determine amino acids in exhaled breath condensate samples from obstructive sleep apnea patients, offering fast, reliable analysis without derivatization as a noninvasive alternative to standard methods.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal Desorption Hyphenated to Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry for Trace Analysis in Raw Renewable Gases–Application to Hydrothermal Gasification","authors":"Agathe Legendre,&nbsp;Sandy Bsaibes,&nbsp;Claudia Paijens,&nbsp;Clément De Saint Jores,&nbsp;Célia Senné,&nbsp;José Dugay,&nbsp;Lorena Cuccia,&nbsp;Dairo Ballestas Castro,&nbsp;Didier Thiébaut,&nbsp;Jérôme Vial","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70078","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70078","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the context of the energy transition, European countries pursue the common goal of increasing the share of renewable gases (from anaerobic digestion, pyrogasification, and hydrothermal gasification for instance) in the gas mix. Although produced gases are mainly composed of methane after upgrading, impurities of various natures and quantities may also be present in the produced raw gases and still after upgrading, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at trace levels that may have an impact on different stages of the gas chain even at low concentrations. These new renewable and/or low-carbon gases imply the need to develop new analytical tools to deeply characterize them, and thus fully manage their integration into the gas value chain. In this study focused on VOC analysis, a sampling approach using pre-concentration on an adsorbent phase was developed for gas sampling to ensure rapid collection, requiring only a small volume (≈ 100 mL). Traces were then analyzed by thermal desorption hyphenated to a comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometer. After identifying the compounds, a semi-quantification method was developed to provide an estimation of the concentration of VOCs for each chemical family. The method was first developed on a biomethane sample before being successfully applied to a raw gas produced by hydrothermal gasification, in which around 250 compounds were detected at a trace level (total concentration equivalent at 200 µg/L).</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Disposable Pipette Extraction-UHPLC-MS/MS Method Based on Removal of Phospholipids to Determine Anandamide, 2-Arachidonoylglycerol, Cannabidiol, and Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabidiol in Plasma Samples","authors":"Igor Gustavo Carvalho Oliveira,&nbsp;Israel Donizeti de Souza,&nbsp;José Alexandre de Souza de Crippa,&nbsp;Maria Eugênia Costa Queiroz","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70068","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70068","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main components of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> plants, can interact with specific cell receptors known as cannabinoid receptors (CBs). The endogenous compounds anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) are CB agonists, and, alongside enzymes, they constitute the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and take part in neuromodulation. Several LC-MS/MS methods have been developed to quantify these compounds in biological matrixes, but a fast and simple method that can determine these analytes in plasma samples simultaneously is not available. Here, we propose a disposable pipette extraction technique containing a zirconia-based sorbent (DPX(Zr)) combined with UHPLC-MS/MS analysis to determine CBD, THC, AEA, and 2-AG in plasma samples, simultaneously. The method combines simple protein precipitation (PPT) with a one-step DPX procedure to remove phospholipids, one of the most common endogenous interferents in biological samples. Optimization of the combined PPT-DPX sample preparation method reduced the matrix effect and improved the sensitivity of the analytical method. The validated DPX(Zr)-UHPLC-MS/MS method reported LLOQs of 0.1 ng mL⁻¹ for AEA and 2-AG and 1 ng mL⁻¹ for CBD and THC. The method demonstrated intra- and interassay accuracy and precision of less than 20% for the LLOQ, and less than 15% for the other calibration points. Additionally, no carryover or significant matrix effect was observed. We applied this method to determine AEA, 2-AG, and CBD in plasma samples obtained from obsessive-compulsive disorder patients treated with CBD.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142978968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accurate Molar Mass Estimation of Polyolefin Blends Using High Temperature-size Exclusion Chromatography With Triple Detection: Insight Into Molecular Level Mixing of Polypropylene With Various Application Grades of Polyethylene","authors":"Yogesha Subbaiah,&nbsp;Ahmad Salem AlAhmadi,&nbsp;Mark Debasagoiti,&nbsp;Balaji Nagarajan,&nbsp;Rawan Jassem Alhafs,&nbsp;Senthilkumar Shanmugam","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70075","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70075","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, a commercially available polypropylene homopolymer (H-PP) was blended with blow molding polyethylene (PE) grade via melt mixing using a compounding machine. The resulting blends were subjected to high-temperature size exclusion chromatography (SEC) analysis, coupled with infrared-5 (IR-5), viscometer (VISCO), and multi-angle laser light scattering (MALS) detectors. The molecular weight (MW) and MW distributions were investigated using SEC, and the exact blend compositions were evaluated using ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance. The molecular-level mixing of the PP/PE blend composition was assessed by comparing the theoretical and measured weight-average MW (Mw) values obtained using different SEC detection modes. The measured average Mw values of different PP/PE blends obtained using VISCO and multi-angle light-scattering detection were found to be in close agreement with predicted blend ratios, compared to the conventional SEC technique (IR-5), with percentage errors ranging from -4.53 to -5.99 and 1.57 to 7.65, respectively. The linear relationship between the melt flow rate (MFR) and Mw was studied to assess the molecular-level mixing behavior of the prepared blends using different SEC detection modes. Furthermore, the SEC methodology was extended to other application grades of PE with varying MFRs to verify the blend mixing behavior with H-PP, and the obtained results are discussed.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142978971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-Friendly and Green Biochar Sorbent–Extraction Techniques for Pharmaceuticals, Environmental, and Food Analysis—A Review","authors":"Wajid Ali Khan,&nbsp;Muhammad Balal Arain,&nbsp;Sana Balal,&nbsp;Abdul Niaz,&nbsp;Afsaneh Mollahosseini,&nbsp;Mustafa Soylak","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70074","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70074","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The most important aspect of sorbent-based approaches is the use of a sustainable, readily available, and cost-effective sorbent material for sample analysis. Biochar is an emerging and prominent sorbent material for various applications in sorbent-based techniques due to its availability, affordability, eco-friendly nature, porosity, pore structure, abundance of aliphatic and aromatic carbon structures, and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups. On the basis of the numerous benefits of biochar, this review discusses why biochar is the preferred sorbent in sorptive-based techniques. In addition, this review provides a brief evaluation of various biochar-based sorptive approaches, including biochar-based solid-phase extraction (SPE)/microextraction (SPME), magnetic SPE/SPME, in-tube SPME, pipette-tip micro SPE, and thin-film microextraction. Furthermore, each section briefly overviews various studies for various sample analyses and applications, including pharmaceuticals, environmental, and food. Most importantly, on the basis of the literature review, biochar is an emerging sorbent material for various sorbent-based techniques that require further investigation for various applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142978974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “A Comprehensive Strategy of Lipidomics and Pharmacokinetics Based on Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70050","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<p>X. Li, J. Xie, Y. Li, et al., “A Comprehensive Strategy of Lipidomics and Pharmacokinetics Based on Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction,” <i>Journal of Separation Science</i> 47, no. 17 (2024): e2400421.</p><p>In the list of authors, the seventh author Dr. Kaishun Bi is listed as the co-corresponding author to commemorate him and show his contribution.</p><p>The dedication statement below is added to the article.</p><p>Dedicated to Dr. Kaishun Bi who passed away while we were writing this article. Our sincere thanks to Dr. Kaishun Bi for all his guidance on this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jssc.70050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142950412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guanxinjing Capsule Based on Fingerprint and Multicomponent Simultaneous Quantitative Method","authors":"Guanhua Zhang,&nbsp;Xin Liu,&nbsp;Hao Liang,&nbsp;Xu Wang,&nbsp;Qi Wang,&nbsp;Qiao Wang","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70059","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70059","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A novel dual-wavelength ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) fingerprint was established, 56 common peaks were confirmed and attributed to the source of the medicinal materials, and 13 chromatographic peaks of them were identified by UHPLC quadrupole time-of-flight (Q-TOF)-MS/MS and UHPLC-UV method. Furthermore, a simple and sensitive HPLC-quadrupole trap (Q-TRAP)-MS/MS was developed for the simultaneous determination of 16 active components with electrospray ionization (ESI) source switching between positive and negative modes in a single run. The above two methods were successfully applied for the quality evaluation of Guanxinjing capsule (GXJC). Finally, statistical analysis including principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and orthogonal partial least squares discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA) were applied, and 13 variables with great contribution to different groups of samples were screened. This study not only provides a rapid, accurate, and comprehensive qualitative and quantitative method for quality evaluation of GXJC but it also provides a reference workflow for the other traditional Chinese medicines.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142950410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quasi-Simultaneous and Automated Measurement of Primary Amines and Short-Chain Aldehydes Emission by Dynamic SPME On-Fiber Derivatization Coupled With a Flow-Cell","authors":"Jian Zou,&nbsp;Shuyu Duan,&nbsp;Bill Winniford,&nbsp;DeGang Zhang","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70070","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70070","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An automated method was developed to simultaneously measure primary amines and short-chain aldehydes emission from foam and rubber samples in one experiment. The technique involved dynamic solid-phase microextraction (SPME) on-fiber derivatization coupled with a flow-cell unit. The parameters of the dynamic SPME on-fiber derivatization method were optimized, including SPME coating, derivatization agents loading temperature, loading time, and dynamic SPME extraction time. The linearity range for the four primary amines and three aldehydes ranged from 0.5 to 100 µg/m³ and 0.9 to 1050 µg/m³, respectively. The amines and aldehydes' quantitation limits (LOQ) were determined as 0.22–0.27 µg/m³ and 0.10–0.18 µg/m³, respectively. Compared to previous methods, this approach is efficient, labor-saving, and allows researchers to concurrently analyze the emission trends of aldehydes and amines in one experiment.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Orbitrap High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry, Feature-Based Molecular Networking, and Network Medicine to Unlock Harvesting Strategies for Endangered Sinocalycanthus Chinensis","authors":"Yingpeng Tong,&nbsp;Xin Li,&nbsp;Jiang Wan,&nbsp;Qi Zhou,&nbsp;Chunxiao Jiang,&nbsp;Na Li,&nbsp;Zexin Jin,&nbsp;Junjie Gu,&nbsp;Fan Li,&nbsp;Junmin Li","doi":"10.1002/jssc.70072","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jssc.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Evaluating the practical utility of endangered plant species is crucial for their conservation. Nevertheless, numerous endangered plants, including <i>Sinocalycanthus chinensis</i>, lack historical usage data, leading to a paucity of guidance in traditional pharmacological research. This gap impedes their development and potential utilization. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry were employed to analyze the <i>S. chinensis</i> leaves collected at different harvesting times. Then, the metabolites were automatically annotated by a self-built R script in conjunction with characteristic fragment ions, neutral loss filtering, and feature-based molecular networking. By integrating metabolomics with network medicine analysis, the potential usage and optimal harvest times for <i>S. chinensis</i> were unlocked. A total of 305 metabolites were identified, with 66.8% annotated by self-built R script. A progressive increase in metabolite disparities was observed from May to August, followed by a relatively minor distinction from August to October. Notably diverse metabolites were detected in <i>S. chinensis</i> harvested during different periods, implying potential variations in efficacy. Network medicine analysis indicated possible therapeutic implications of <i>S. chinensis</i> for lung cancer, diabetes, bladder cancer, and Alzheimer's disease. Samples collected in May and September demonstrated exceptional efficacy. Harvesting was strategically conducted during these months based on variations in sample characteristics and metabolite content, tailored to their intended applications for dietary or medicinal purposes. This study developed an efficient methodology for investigating metabolites and exploring the potential applications of <i>S. chinensis</i> in food and herbal medicine. Consequently, it provides technical support for the sustainable conservation of endangered plants with limited clinical application experience.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of separation science","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}