Journal of Sleep Research最新文献

{"title":"Nightmare Coping Strategies and Their Association With Big Five Personality Traits.","authors":"Julia Wiesenthal, Michael Schredl","doi":"10.1111/jsr.70374","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsr.70374","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although about 5% of the German population report having nightmares at least once a week, nightmares are inadequately diagnosed and treated. We therefore examined how people in the general population cope with nightmares in everyday life. The present study aimed to examine the influence of Big Five personality traits on nightmare-coping behaviour. In an online survey of 411 participants (mostly psychology students), we used established questionnaires and a modified coping scale to assess strategy use and perceived effectiveness. We hypothesized that openness predicts information seeking, extraversion predicts discussing nightmares, and neuroticism predicts avoiding potential nightmare triggers. The findings revealed that extraversion had a small positive effect on talking about nightmares (β = 0.44, p < 0.05). Contrary to our hypotheses, openness did not predict information seeking and neuroticism did not predict trigger avoidance. Exploratory analyses suggested further trait-coping links and that demographic variables may relate to perceived effectiveness of coping strategies. Overall, personality was related to some nightmare-specific coping behaviours, but effects were small in this non-clinical sample.</p>","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":" ","pages":"e70374"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148211529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relative Cerebral Blood Flow Differences in Individuals With Insomnia Across Sleep-Wake States Compared to Good Sleeper Controls: A Sleep Neuroimaging Study Using Arterial Spin Labelling.","authors":"Lars Michels, Jolynn Jones, Ruth O'Gorman Tuura, Reto Huber, Danny J J Wang, Daniel B Kay","doi":"10.1111/jsr.70397","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsr.70397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pathophysiology of insomnia remains unclear. This sleep neuroimaging study used arterial spin labelling, self-report and polysomnography to compare nighttime relative cerebral perfusion in individuals with insomnia disorder (n = 11) and controls (n = 17). We hypothesised that insomnia would be associated with altered perfusion in regions involved in arousal, sleep drive and information processing. Participants completed two polysomnography and arterial spin labelling scans: a wake scan at habitual bedtime and a sleep attempt. Sleep state was determined using self-report and polysomnography. Relative perfusion maps were computed. Group by state effects were tested using analysis of variance for within and between subjects. Regression analyses tested associations between insomnia severity and baseline perfusion during the wake scan. Significance was set at p < 0.05 cluster-corrected (voxel p < 0.005, k = 14). The insomnia group showed higher relative perfusion in posterior sensory, affective and self-referential regions, and lower relative perfusion in frontal regions and basal ganglia compared to controls. During the sleep attempt, insomnia participants who were asleep showed lower relative perfusion in several frontal and basal ganglia regions compared to those who were awake, while controls showed the opposite pattern. Greater insomnia severity was associated with lower relative perfusion during the wake scan in right peri-Sylvian cortex and basal ganglia. Overall, insomnia was associated with altered nighttime relative cerebral perfusion, including increased activity in self-referential, sensory and affective regions, alongside reduced or dysregulated perfusion in frontal cortex and basal ganglia, suggesting altered arousal regulation, sleep drive and inhibitory control.</p>","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":" ","pages":"e70397"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148456133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prescription of Psychotropic Drugs for Chronic Insomnia in Primary Care.","authors":"Jesús Escribá-Alepuz, Lidia Herrero-Huertas, María García-Gil, Estefanía Estévez-López, Francisco Javier Puertas, Manuel de Entrambasaguas","doi":"10.1111/jsr.70334","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsr.70334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Insomnia is the most prevalent sleep disorder in adults, representing a major public health problem. Healthcare management in a specific area first requires analysing its current practices and issues. We conducted a retrospective observational study of over 100,000 patients from two large primary care databases in the public healthcare Department of Sagunto (Valencia, Spain), from 2009 to 2017. Cases of insomnia were defined by ICD-10 codes, and prescriptions of hypnotics were collected. The data analysis was performed on epidemiological aspects, comorbidity, diagnosis and treatment of insomnia. A significant increase in the incidence of insomnia occurred, rising from 58.9 per 1000 inhabitants (95% CI: 57.7-60.0) in 2009 to 91.4 per 1000 inhabitants (95% CI: 90.0-92.9) in 2017. A total of 12,404 prescriptions for hypnotics and sedatives were issued, including 39.8% for indications other than insomnia. Lorazepam was the most frequently prescribed hypnotic-sedative (36%), followed by zolpidem (21.1%); 54% of insomnia cases revealed more prescription units than medical consultations, suggesting automatic renewals. Excessive prescription of hypnotic drugs for insomnia, along with a lack of follow-up, were identified as significant issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":" ","pages":"e70334"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13619049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slow Wave Activity During Nocturnal Sleep in Hypersomnolence Disorder.","authors":"Jesse D Cook, Brady A Riedner, Meredith E Rumble, Michael R Goldstein, Ana Maria Vascan, Kieulinh M Tran, David T Plante","doi":"10.1111/jsr.70353","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsr.70353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Slow waves during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep are associated with the restorative aspects of sleep. Previous research has suggested reduced normalized slow wave activity (SWA), particularly in the first cycle of NREM sleep, as a feature of hypersomnolence disorder (HD); however, the scarcity of existing research highlights the need for replication studies. Thus, the aim of this investigation was to evaluate normalized SWA in patients with HD, relative to healthy sleeper controls (HSC). Nocturnal polysomnography from 37 unmedicated HD clinical patients were compared against 29 HSC. Six-channel electroencephalographic data from polysomnography was processed according to consensus standards. Normalized SWA (0.5-4.5hz) was calculated from artefact-free NREM epochs for all-night data, as well as sleep cycle 1, 2, and 3. Normalized SWA was compared across groups, with adjusted analyses accounting for age, sex, body mass index, and depressive symptomatology. Post hoc analyses compared HD who met objective criteria for idiopathic hypersomnia (HD/IH+), those who did not (HD/IH-), and HSC. HD demonstrated significantly reduced all-night, normalized SWA in unadjusted analyses across all channels, without significant differences observed in fully adjusted analyses. In cycle 1, HD displayed significantly reduced normalized SWA across all channels in both unadjusted and adjusted analyses. HD/IH+ and HD/IH- were statistically comparable in normalized SWA across all analyses. This study provides further evidence of reduced SWA, particularly during cycle 1 of NREM sleep, as a core feature of HD. Future studies that investigate the causal role of slow waves in the pathophysiology of HD are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":" ","pages":"e70353"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13619009/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148055158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participation in Sleep Europe Conferences: Insights From Early Career Professionals.","authors":"Monisha Ravikumar, Michaela Pawley, Anna M Biller, Lieve van Egmond, Laura Stankeviciute, Matias Rusanen, Daniela Noain, Inês Dias, Iuliana Hartescu, Fran Pilkington-Cheney, Adriana Michalak","doi":"10.1111/jsr.70378","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsr.70378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Presenting at international conferences is integral for early career professionals' career development by facilitating knowledge exchange, collaboration and visibility. Nevertheless, the barriers and enablers which influence participation among this demographic remain unclear, hampering the establishment of concrete measures to support attendance. This study examined factors affecting participation in European Sleep Research Society (ESRS) conferences, particularly among early career professionals. Ninety-seven participants (71% female; mean age = 36.5 ± 8.9 years) completed a mixed-methods online survey, which was distributed among ESRS members and broader professional networks. Early career professionals (81.2%) were defined as MSc/PhD students, early-career postdoctoral researchers or clinicians. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Reflexive thematic analysis of open-ended responses enabled identifying key barriers, accessibility concerns and recommendations for inclusivity. Financial barriers were the most cited barrier (66%), followed by caregiving responsibilities (11%), accessibility concerns (10%) and visa difficulties (9%). Although 9% of respondents reported safety concerns related to the host country's environment impaired their attendance, qualitative data indicated that such concerns extended beyond general security issues to anticipated discrimination, exclusion and lack of social or political protection. Eighty-nine percent indicated that virtual participation would facilitate attendance in situations involving last-minute illness, visa delays, funding gaps or caregiving responsibilities. These findings suggest that financial and structural inequities are key barriers to participation in ESRS conferences. Whilst hybrid presentation modes, differential registration fees and funding schemes are already in place, greater visibility and promotion of these initiatives is necessary to ensure equitable engagement in sleep conferences.</p>","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":" ","pages":"e70378"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13619041/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148138454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-Night Gentle Rocking Improves Sleep in Poor Sleepers With Insomnia Complaints.","authors":"Aurore A Perrault, Nathan E Cross, Thien Thanh Dang Vu, Sophie Schwartz, Laurence Bayer","doi":"10.1111/jsr.70392","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsr.70392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Specific brain oscillations can be manipulated during sleep to improve sleep quality and memory performance. We previously demonstrated that continuous rocking stimulation (0.25 Hz, lateral movement) applied to good sleepers during sleep enhanced stable deep sleep, boosted NREM oscillations (spindles and slow waves) and memory consolidation. Here, we investigated whether nocturnal rocking could benefit individuals suffering from sleep difficulties. We recruited 16 young adults with subjective difficulties initiating and/or maintaining sleep and who presented with objective poor sleep quality. After a habituation night, each participant spent two nights of sleep at the laboratory, one rocking and one stationary, during which we assessed sleep and declarative memory consolidation. We found that a whole night of gentle rocking in individuals with poor sleep decreased sleep fragmentation, time spent awake and in light sleep (N1), with an associated increase in objective sleep efficiency and subjective sleep quality. Additionally, we replicated the neural entrainment or synchronising effect of the rocking motion, yielding a boost in NREM fast spindles and slow oscillations. Yet, these changes in sleep did not modulate overnight memory performance. By alleviating some difficulties encountered in this population of poor sleepers, these findings provide preliminary evidence that rocking may represent an alternative or complementary intervention for the management of some forms of chronic insomnia.</p>","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":" ","pages":"e70392"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13619013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148211538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Night Sleep Duration on Chronic Lung Disease in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A 9-Year Follow-up Analysis From the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Shuang Wang, Heng You, Chuangye Wang, Yue Yu, Jian Zhang, Miao Cao, Zhi Xu","doi":"10.1111/jsr.70363","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsr.70363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rising incidence of chronic lung disease (CLD) has emerged as a critical health problem. While numerous studies have explored lifestyle factors contributing to CLD, the critical role of sleep remains understudied. This cohort study aimed to assess the association between night sleep duration and incidence of CLD through a 9-year follow-up survey: 10527 participants were enrolled from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), and the data on incident CLD from the 2011 baseline survey and four subsequent follow-up waves were analysed statistically. Night-time sleep duration was categorized into three groups: short (< 7 h per night), optimal (7-9 h), and long night-time sleep duration (> 9 h). We used multivariate Cox regression modelling to examine the effect of baseline night sleep duration on the onset of CLD. After the 9-year follow-up, the incidence of CLD in participants with short, optimal, and long night-time sleep duration was 17.71, 13.76 and 19.76/1000 person-years, respectively. Compared with individuals with optimal night sleep duration, individuals with short night sleep duration had a 26.3% higher risk of developing CLD (HR: 1.263, 95% CI: 1.136-1.404), and those with long night sleep duration had a 39.0% higher risk of developing CLD (HR: 1.390, 95% CI: 1.095-1.764). Longer or shorter night sleep duration is associated with an increased risk of developing CLD. Maintaining an optimal night-time sleep schedule may help reduce the risk of CLD in middle-aged and older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":" ","pages":"e70363"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148163574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Value of Psychomotor Vigilance Task for Severe Sleep Inertia in Idiopathic Hypersomnia Versus Other Sleep Disorders Without Sleep Inertia.","authors":"Elisa Evangelista, Alexandre Derré, Lucie Barateau, Anna Laura Rassu, Sofiene Chenini, Isabelle Jaussent, Yves Dauvilliers","doi":"10.1111/jsr.70377","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsr.70377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sleep inertia impairs performance upon awakening and may be assessed using the psychomotor vigilance task (PVT). This study aimed to determine optimal PVT lapse cut-offs at awakening to objectively measure sleep inertia by comparing patients with idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) and severe sleep inertia to patients with other sleep disorders (OSD) without sleep inertia, to assess the discriminative performance of these thresholds in OSD patients with sleep inertia; and to explore factors associated with PVT lapses. 350 drug-free consecutive patients (227 females, 30.7 ± 11.0 y.o.) were included: 131 IH and 219 OSD (75 non-specified hypersomnolence, 54 narcolepsy, 50 obstructive sleep apnea, 40 others). All patients performed two 5-min PVTs at 07:00 pm and 07:00 am upon awakening. Sleep inertia was self-reported with the Idiopathic Hypersomnia Severity Scale. Receiver operating characteristic analyses were used to determine optimal cut-offs for 7:00 am PVT lapses and the change between 07:00 am and 07:00 pm in IH patients with severe sleep inertia (n = 73) and OSD patients without sleep inertia (n = 84). Optimal PVT cut-offs were ≥ 4 for 7 am-Lapses (sensitivity 72.6%, specificity 69.1%) and ≥ 4 for Delta 7 am-7 pm-Lapses (sensitivity 50.9%, specificity 83.3%). Across all 350 participants, 56.9% exhibited 7 am-Lapses ≥ 4, while 39.7% had Delta 7 am-7 pm Lapses ≥ 4. In conclusion, a threshold of ≥ 4 PVT lapses at 07:00 am, along with an increase of ≥ 4 lapses from 07:00 pm to 07:00 am best capture sleep inertia-related performance impairment in IH, supporting their use as objective markers in clinical practice and research settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":" ","pages":"e70377"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13619086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148138494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Do Patient-Reported Sleep Measures Assess? A Content Analysis","authors":"Marie De Bruecker,&nbsp;Elke Veirman,&nbsp;An Mariman,&nbsp;Dirk A. Pevernagie,&nbsp;Katrien B. C. Hertegonne,&nbsp;Fré A. Bauters,&nbsp;Dimitri M. L. Van Ryckeghem,&nbsp;Geert Crombez","doi":"10.1111/jsr.70382","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsr.70382","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Current systematic review analysed the content of generic patient-reported sleep measures (PRSMs) using (1) the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and (2) semantic analysis. A literature search identified 27 PRSMs applicable across multiple sleep disorders. Meaningful concepts within items of these PRSMs were linked to ICF categories using standardised linking rules. Additionally, semantic relations (contextual, causal, temporal or state descriptive) among these concepts were explored. An overview of the ICF content covered within and across questionnaires was compiled. Three main findings emerged. First, the majority of concepts were linked to the ICF component body functions (71.5%), indicating a focus on physiological and psychological symptoms, while activities and participation (14.7%), environmental factors (3.5%), and personal factors (2.2%) were less represented. Second, semantic analysis revealed that multidimensional content often framed symptoms within activities rather than measuring the functional or environmental impact of sleep disorders. Third, the operationalization of similar constructs varied across PRSMs, and their questionnaire labels could diverge from actual item content. This study provides a standardised database source for content-based evaluation, comparison and selection of PRSMs. Clinicians and researchers should be aware of the conceptual scope of PRSMs to ensure alignment with their specific clinical or research objectives. Recommendations are offered to guide sleep medicine measurement towards a more comprehensive approach integrating biological, psychological, social, environmental and personal aspects.</p>","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":"35 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jsr.70382","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148204868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Transactional Role of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep in Undergraduates' Day-To-Day Positive and Negative Mood","authors":"Jack Peltz,&nbsp;Ronald D. Rogge,&nbsp;Jamie M. Zeitzer","doi":"10.1111/jsr.70373","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jsr.70373","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current study sought to elucidate the interplay of the mutually influencing processes of daily mood and REM sleep, a stage of sleep hypothesised to be involved in affect change. Young adult college students (<i>N</i> = 156; M_age = 20.3 years, <i>SD</i> = 3.2; 77.6% female) completed a baseline online survey followed by wearing an ambulatory EEG headband overnight and completing daily morning and evening mood surveys for 10 consecutive days. Results, based on dynamic structural equation modelling, demonstrated a bidirectional relationship between evening negative mood and REM sleep minutes such that decreases in the minutes of the prior night's duration of REM sleep predicted relative increases in the levels of negative mood the following evening and vice versa. In addition, REM duration mediated the effect of the prior evening's negative mood on the following morning's positive mood such that increases in evening negative mood predicted relative decreases in REM minutes, which, in turn, predicted decreases in morning positive mood. Results from the current study highlight the critical role of REM sleep for emotional well-being as well as the importance of mood regulation before sleep.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":"35 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148143737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}