ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)最新文献_第9页

The Causal Effects of an Industrial Policy 产业政策的因果效应

ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic) Pub Date : 2012-02-01 DOI: 10.3386/w17842

Chiara Criscuolo, Ralf Martin, H. Overman, J. Van Reenen

{"title":"The Causal Effects of an Industrial Policy","authors":"Chiara Criscuolo, Ralf Martin, H. Overman, J. Van Reenen","doi":"10.3386/w17842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w17842","url":null,"abstract":"Business support policies designed to raise productivity and employment are common worldwide, but rigorous micro-econometric evaluation of their causal effects is rare. We exploit multiple changes in the area-specific eligibility criteria for a major program to support manufacturing jobs (\"Regional Selective Assistance\"). Area eligibility is governed by pan-European state aid rules which change every seven years and we use these rule changes to construct instrumental variables for program participation. We match two decades of UK panel data on the population of firms to all program participants. IV estimates find positive program treatment effect on employment, investment and net entry but not on TFP. OLS underestimates program effects because the policy targets underperforming plants and areas. The treatment effect is confined to smaller firms with no effect for larger firms (e.g. over 150 employees). We also find the policy raises area level manufacturing employment mainly through significantly reducing unemployment. The positive program effect is not due to substitution between plants in the same area or between eligible and ineligible areas nearby. We estimate that \"cost per job\" of the program was only $6,300 suggesting that in some respects investment subsidies can be cost effective.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130231402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 228

The Effect of the Minimum Wage on the Average Wage in France 法国最低工资对平均工资的影响

ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic) Pub Date : 2012-02-01 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.2011706

G. Cette, V. Chouard, G. Verdugo

{"title":"The Effect of the Minimum Wage on the Average Wage in France","authors":"G. Cette, V. Chouard, G. Verdugo","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2011706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2011706","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the impact of minimum wage (SMIC) increases on the average wage in France. We use two series of average wage: the average hourly blue-collar wage rate (SHBO) and the average wage per capita (SMPT). We combine these series with aggregate data for the overall economy over four decades from 1970 to 2009, going from the SMIC first implementation (in 1970) to the change in the annual calendar of mandatory increases (in 2009) from the 1st of July to the 1st of January by the law of the 3rd December 2008. We provide three original contributions with respect to the existing literature. First, our study is based on data from a much longer period of time which gives us more information. Second, the models we estimate allow for a very gradual impact of the minimum wage on the average wage, while previous studies often assumed only an immediate impact. Third, we differentiate the impact of minimum wage increases on the average wage by distinguishing between the effects of each of the three sources of increase. Our results confirm the advantages of this approach. Because of the discretionary increases of the minimum wage from the government (the so-called “coup de pouces”), the minimum wage increased more rapidly than the average wage over the period 1970-2009. Our estimates suggest that the impact on the average wage of minimum wage increases is strong. This impact is larger than in previous studies because our models take into account the existence of dynamic diffusion effects. Finally, minimum wage increases related to the legal indexation to half of the increase in the purchasing power of the SHBO have a large effect on the SHBO itself. This result suggests that a feedback effect between the minimum wage and the SHBO is possible and could trigger the dynamics between these series. As a consequence of the legal system of revaluation of the minimum wage and of the impact of these increases on the average wage, France is probably one of the industrialized countries where competitiveness is the most threatened by inflation volatility.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128695779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Under-Funded and Overwhelmed: The Voluntary Sector as Worker Representation in Britain's Individualised Industrial Relations System 资金不足与不堪重负:英国个体化劳资关系体系中作为工人代表的志愿部门

ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2338.2011.00625.x

S. Tailby, A. Pollert, Stella. Warren, A. Danford, N. Wilton

引用次数: 9

What are the Causes of Educational Inequalities and of Their Evolution Over Time in Europe? Evidence from PISA 欧洲教育不平等的原因及其演变?来自PISA的证据

ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-04-14 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1809692

V. Oppedisano, G. Turati

引用次数: 295

Intergenerational Analysis of Social Interaction 社会互动的代际分析

ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-04-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1812466

Sarah Brown, Jolian P Mchardy, K. Taylor

引用次数: 1

Work at Home and Time Use in Finland 在家工作和芬兰的时间使用

ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-02-25 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-005X.2010.00258.x

Jouko Ntti, Mia Väisänen, Timo Anttila, Satu Ojala

引用次数: 52

Pot Noodles, Placements and Peer Regard: Creative Career Trajectories and Communities of Practice in the British Advertising Industry 锅面，位置和同伴关注:创造性的职业轨迹和实践社区在英国广告业

ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-02-15 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8551.2010.00705.x

Charlotte McLeod, S. O'Donohoe, B. Townley

{"title":"Pot Noodles, Placements and Peer Regard: Creative Career Trajectories and Communities of Practice in the British Advertising Industry","authors":"Charlotte McLeod, S. O'Donohoe, B. Townley","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-8551.2010.00705.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2010.00705.x","url":null,"abstract":"The increasingly unpredictable, individualized and short-term nature of the labour market is evident in the careers of advertising creatives. We explore the career trajectories of 48 creative professionals in the British advertising industry, using theories of situated learning and communities of practice to illustrate how the collective remains important to individuals' career prospects. Creatives learn their craft by becoming immersed in the multiple, inter-related communities that constitute the advertising world during the demanding pre-peripheral and peripheral stages of their career. Learning through immersion continues throughout the journey from the periphery to the centre, since creatives participate in a competitive, tight-knit creative community, actively engaged in social networking and constantly monitoring each others' creative output. Creatives' legitimacy (and power) is earned by winning peer regard for their work. The nature of the learning required changes as each stage of the creative trajectory brings different motivations and pressures, but the processes of learning, the mutual shaping of individual and community, and the identity work involved are evident throughout creative career trajectories.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131041488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 62

The Impact of the UK New Deal for Lone Parents on Benefit Receipt 英国单亲父母新政对福利金领取的影响

ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-02-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1765656

P. Dolton, Jeffrey A. Smith

引用次数: 54

Indirect Effects of a Policy Altering Criminal Behaviour: Evidence from the Italian Prison Experiment 政策改变犯罪行为的间接影响:来自意大利监狱实验的证据

ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-01-03 DOI: 10.1257/APP.4.2.199

Francesco Drago, R. Galbiati

引用次数: 74

A Demographic Base for Ethnic Survival? Blending Across Four Generations of German-Americans 族群生存的人口基础?四代德裔美国人的融合

ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic) Pub Date : 2010-12-24 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1730745

Joel Perlmann

{"title":"A Demographic Base for Ethnic Survival? Blending Across Four Generations of German-Americans","authors":"Joel Perlmann","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1730745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1730745","url":null,"abstract":"New data from the IPUMS (Integrated Public Use Microdata Series) project permit an exploration of the demographic basis for ethnic survival across successive generations. I first explore the degree of ethnic blending among the grandchildren of early- to mid-19th-century German immigrants; second, these descendants' own marital choices; and third, the likely composition of the fourth generation to which they would give birth. Fundamental questions include: How high is the rate of single versus mixed origins after so many generations in America? How large an absolute number of single-origin individuals remain (given the combined impact of out-marriage, on the one hand, and cumulative fertility, on the other)? How much less likely are single-origin individuals of the third generation to in-marry relative to those in the second generation? And how do all these patterns differ across 31,000 local geographic areas? I exploit the full-count 1880 Census dataset and the Linked Representative Sample, which captures males in 1880 as well as in one of the 1900–30 enumerations. Limiting attention to those who were adolescents in 1880, we have three generations’ worth of ethnic information on each sample member traced across time (birthplace as well as parents' and grandparents' birthplaces, from their parents' responses) and ethnic information covering two generations for the women they eventually married.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126399429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3