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Resisting the Algorithmic Boss: Guessing, Gaming, Reframing and Contesting Rules in App-based Management 抵制算法Boss:基于应用程序的管理中的猜测、游戏、重构和竞争规则
ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-03-20 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3624087
Joanna Bronowicka, Mirela Ivanova
{"title":"Resisting the Algorithmic Boss: Guessing, Gaming, Reframing and Contesting Rules in App-based Management","authors":"Joanna Bronowicka, Mirela Ivanova","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3624087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3624087","url":null,"abstract":"Digital labour platforms do not appear as fertile ground for collective opposition. Precarious working conditions, digital control and anonymity are believed to impede resistance. However, research has shown that algorithmic management can create new conditions, spaces and practices of resistance. Our study set out to investigate the relationship between app-based management and collective opposition in the case Deliveroo and Foodora food-delivery workers in Berlin. We found out that being a subject of app-based management amplifies the insecurity and instability of already precarious gig-work. Information vacuum, lack of feedback mechanism and data-driven performance control are the three core elements of ‘digital precarity’. These conditions fuel the need for practices of collective learning, gaming, reframing and contesting the algorithmic system. The paper emphasizes that many practices hidden from the public eye could be considered resistance, because they expose and challenge the power imbalance between the workers and the platforms.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127789750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Do Immigrants Trust Trade Unions? A Study of 18 European Countries 移民信任工会吗?对18个欧洲国家的研究
ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1111/bjir.12466
Anastasia Gorodzeisky, A. Richards
{"title":"Do Immigrants Trust Trade Unions? A Study of 18 European Countries","authors":"Anastasia Gorodzeisky, A. Richards","doi":"10.1111/bjir.12466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjir.12466","url":null,"abstract":"Migrants form growing proportions of national workforces in advanced capitalist societies. Yet little is known about their attitudes towards the principal agents of worker representation in their host countries, the trade unions, much less via cross‐national research. Using European Values Survey data, we redress this imbalance by examining migrants’ levels of trust in unions, compared to native‐born. We find higher levels of trust in unions by migrants (compared to native‐born) in general and especially by migrants during their first decades after arrival and whose countries of origin are characterized by poor quality institutions. These findings have significant implications for unionization strategies towards migrants, especially given received wisdom portraying migrants as indifferent or distrustful towards unions.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117916516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
How do new immigration flows affect existing immigrants? Evidence from the refugee crisis in Germany 新移民如何影响现有移民?来自德国难民危机的证据
ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-01-14 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3364152
Sumit S. Deole, Yue-sheng Huang
{"title":"How do new immigration flows affect existing immigrants? Evidence from the refugee crisis in Germany","authors":"Sumit S. Deole, Yue-sheng Huang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3364152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3364152","url":null,"abstract":"We apply difference-in-differences regressions to study the impact of the 2015 refugee crisis in Germany on the culturally closer diaspora of existing immigrants originating from Turkey and Middle-Eastern and North-African countries (TMENA). Our identification allows us to emphasize the role of immigrants' culture in estimating the impact of immigration. Additionally, we are able to distinguish between the labor demand and labor supply effects associated with immigration, suggesting overall ambiguous signs on the estimated coefficients. In particular, we find that TMENA immigrants experienced a substantial reduction in unemployment in the year 2015, consistent with the differential demand shock induced by refugees' consumption of culturally similar goods and services. The unemployment effects, however, dissipated starting in 2016, coinciding with refugees' delayed yet incremental labor market integration. We also consider the social impact of the refugee crisis and find that while worries about immigration and xenophobic hostility increased among all respondents, the increases were statistically significantly smaller among TMENA immigrants, primarily due to their cultural proximity to arriving refugees. We find that TMENA immigrants' assimilation of German identity was not affected after the refugee crisis, whereas they increased bonding with the home country's culture.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129604939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Days Worked and Seasonality Patterns of Work in Eighteenth Century Denmark 18世纪丹麦的工作天数和季节性工作模式
ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-08-29 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3444872
P. Jensen, C. Radu, P. Sharp
{"title":"Days Worked and Seasonality Patterns of Work in Eighteenth Century Denmark","authors":"P. Jensen, C. Radu, P. Sharp","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3444872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3444872","url":null,"abstract":"The calculation of the number of days worked per year is crucial for understanding pre-industrial living standards, and yet has presented considerable obstacles due to data scarcity. We present evidence on days worked and seasonality patterns of work using evidence from a large database of micro-level labor market data for eighteenth century rural Denmark. We estimate that workers worked approximately 5.6 days per week when under full employment. Seasonality of work meant, however, that they were unlikely to find employment during the winter, bringing the estimated number of working days per year to 184. This is lower than often assumed in the literature on real wage calculations, but in line with recent evidence for Malmo and London. We find that days worked increased over the eighteenth century, consistent with the idea of an “industrious revolution”. We suggest however that this was probably mostly due to economic necessity rather than a consumer revolution, since unskilled and low skilled workers needed to work over 300 days per year to afford a subsistence basket.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133488418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Top Incomes in Germany, 1871-2014 德国的最高收入，1871-2014
ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-07-31 DOI: 10.1017/S0022050719000378
C. Bartels
{"title":"Top Incomes in Germany, 1871-2014","authors":"C. Bartels","doi":"10.1017/S0022050719000378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022050719000378","url":null,"abstract":"This study provides new evidence on top income shares in Germany from industrialization to the present. Income concentration was high in the nineteenth century, dropped sharply after WWI and during the hyperinflation years of the 1920s, then increased rapidly throughout the Nazi period beginning in the 1930s. Following the end of WWII, German top income shares returned to 1920s levels. The German pattern stands in contrast to developments in France, the United Kingdom, and the United States, where WWII brought a sizeable and lasting reduction in top income shares. Since the turn of the millennium, income concentration in Germany has been on the rise and is today among the highest in Europe. The capital share is consistently positively associated with income concentration, whereas growth, technological change, trade, unions, and top tax rates are positively associated in some periods and negative in others.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"193 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115634617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 38
The Role of Rookie Female Directors in a Post‐Quota Period: Gender Inequalities within French Boards 新晋女性董事在配额后时期的角色:法国董事会中的性别不平等
ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.1111/irel.12238
A. Rebérioux, Gwenael Roudaut
{"title":"The Role of Rookie Female Directors in a Post‐Quota Period: Gender Inequalities within French Boards","authors":"A. Rebérioux, Gwenael Roudaut","doi":"10.1111/irel.12238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/irel.12238","url":null,"abstract":"The board‐level gender quota enacted in France has induced the massive arrival in corporate boards of a new population—namely, women with no prior board experience. We examine the positions and the compensation of these “rookie female directors.” We show that, conditional on their individual characteristics and firm effects, rookie female directors have had a limited access to the key positions within boards and have suffered from a significant compensation gap. We interpret this evidence of positional segregation as resulting from gender stereotypes that have persisted in the process of rookie female directors’ integration within boards.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114262119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Sustaining Economic Geography? Business/Management Schools and the UK’s Great Economic Geography Diaspora 维持经济地理?商业/管理学院和英国的大经济地理侨民
ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-04-04 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3365685
A. James, M. Bradshaw, N. Coe, J. Faulconbridge
{"title":"Sustaining Economic Geography? Business/Management Schools and the UK’s Great Economic Geography Diaspora","authors":"A. James, M. Bradshaw, N. Coe, J. Faulconbridge","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3365685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3365685","url":null,"abstract":"This Exchanges commentary is concerned with the health of Economic Geography (EG) as a subdiscipline, and economic geography (as a wider community of practice) in one of its historical heartlands, the UK. Against a backdrop of prior achievement, recent years have witnessed a noticeable migration of economic geographers in the UK from Departments of Geography to academic positions in Business and Management Schools and related research centres. For the first time, a new research report by the Economic Geography Research Group of the RGS-IBG – We’re In Business! Sustaining Economic Geography? – has empirically evidenced this trend since 2000 (see James et al. 2018 for the full report). In this parallel commentary, we summarise the major findings of that project in order to identify: the scale of this cross-disciplinary labour mobility; its operation at different levels of the academic career hierarchy; and the underlying motivations and variegated outcomes experienced by those making the transition. We then move to consider the wider implications of this ‘EG diaspora’ for sustaining EG teaching, research and knowledge production. While economic geography clearly has a healthy appeal to Business and Management as an interdisciplinary community of practice, we raise multiple concerns around the largely uni-directional nature of this ‘movers’ phenomenon in UK universities. We make a number of suggestions for possible interventions to effect positive change and to prompt a larger conversation that benchmarks this UK experience against other national context.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"181 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114958113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Digital Platforms and Disability in France 法国的数字平台和残疾人
ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic) Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3435788
Muge Ozman, Cédric Gossart
{"title":"Digital Platforms and Disability in France","authors":"Muge Ozman, Cédric Gossart","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3435788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3435788","url":null,"abstract":"Digital technologies offer a wide range of possibilities to address problems related with social, economic and political exclusion. During the recent decade, innovations exploring such possibilities have been termed “digital social innovations” (DSI) and have attracted significant entrepreneurial activity, public support and civic engagement across Europe. In this paper, based on six cases of DSI aimed at social inclusion of people with disabilities in France, we discuss their potential implications in reshaping the boundaries between established dualisms such as “disabled and abled” or “normal and deviant”, by interpreting the cases from a social practice perspective. In so doing, we consider whether, and if so in which ways they can overcome material, meaning and competence related obstacles in established social practices. The conceptual discussions point to the necessity of supportive complementary policies and actions by policy makers and digital platform managers. In particular, we underline the need for policies to improve the digital literacy of people with disabilities, collaborate with traditional offline advocacy networks and link with social movements to increase general awareness, so that digital platforms for disability can have a more effective role in transformative social change.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122884745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unemployment and Confidence in EU 失业与欧盟信心
ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic) Pub Date : 2018-12-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3294496
M. Georgiou
{"title":"Unemployment and Confidence in EU","authors":"M. Georgiou","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3294496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3294496","url":null,"abstract":"It is held that financial integration requires a perfect market, perfect capital mobility, perfect labor mobility as well as perfect information. International crisis started in the USA and spread around the globe affecting many macroeconomic variables. Today EU has not yet recovered out of this crisis and confidence in EU is declining. In the present paper an attempt will be made to estimate how the unemployment rate affects the confidence in EU. The findings would be useful to investors as well as policy makers.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121895526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Effect of Self-Employment on Income Inequality 个体经营对收入不平等的影响
ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic) Pub Date : 2018-11-16 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3292967
Stefan Schneck
{"title":"The Effect of Self-Employment on Income Inequality","authors":"Stefan Schneck","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3292967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3292967","url":null,"abstract":"It is well known that the self-employed are over-represented at the bottom as well as the top of the income distribution. This paper shifts the focus from the income situation of the self-employed to the distributive effects of a change in self-employment rates. With representative German data and unconditional quantile regression analysis we show that an increase in the proportion of self-employed individuals in the labor force increases income polarization by tearing down floors at the bottom and allowing higher earnings potentials at the very top of the hourly income distribution. Recentered influence function regression of inequality measures corroborate that self-employment is a source of income inequality in the labor market.","PeriodicalId":170522,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions (Topic)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124376885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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