Journal of science and medicine in sport最新文献

{"title":"Normative percentile values for the TGMD-3 for Italian children aged 3–11 + years","authors":"Grace W.M. Walters ,&nbsp;Simon Cooper ,&nbsp;Fabio Carlevaro ,&nbsp;Francesca Magno ,&nbsp;Ruth Boat ,&nbsp;Roberto Vagnetti ,&nbsp;Cristiana D'Anna ,&nbsp;Giovanni Musella ,&nbsp;Daniele Magistro","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2024.12.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsams.2024.12.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Sufficient gross motor skill proficiency is an essential prerequisite for the successful performance of sport-specific skills and physical activities. The Test of Gross Motor Development is the most common tool for assessing motor skills in paediatric populations, however, there is a lack of ‘normative’ data available against which children’s scores can be compared. Normative data would enable the comparison of an individual’s motor development to age-standardised norms. The aim of this study was to develop normative data for the Test of Gross Motor Development Third Edition scores for Italian children.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>The Test of Gross Motor Development Third Edition scores from &gt;<!--> <!-->17,000 Italian children (aged 3–11<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->years) were analysed to develop normative scores and percentiles.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Total Test of Gross Motor Development Third Edition scores and locomotor and ball skills subscale scores were split by age and sex. Using the LMS method, based on the Box-Cox transformation, percentiles were calculated for each sex-specific age category.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>17,026 children were included in the analysis (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->8262 girls; n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->8766 boys).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This is the largest sample ever used to develop normative data for the Test of Gross Motor Development and the first set of normative data for European children. This normative data can be used to identity insufficient motor skill development and aid subsequent modification of activities to nurture sufficient motor skill proficiency. This is particularly important for children in the lower percentiles given the strong associations between early childhood fundamental motor skill competence and physical activity participation in adolescence and adulthood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 5","pages":"Pages 398-407"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143023800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Comparison of core temperature and mental status of two runners experiencing exertional heat stroke after a road race”","authors":"William O. Roberts ,&nbsp;Francis G. O'Connor ,&nbsp;Michael N. Sawka","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2025.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsams.2025.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 5","pages":"Pages 354-355"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143615796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Core temperature and mental status of two runners experiencing exertional heat stroke after a road race","authors":"Rebecca M. Lopez ,&nbsp;Julie K. Nolan ,&nbsp;Susan W. Yeargin ,&nbsp;Samantha E. Scarneo-Miller ,&nbsp;Douglas J. Casa ,&nbsp;John Jardine","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsams.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prehospital management of exertional heat stroke (EHS) consists of monitoring rectal temperature (T_re) while aggressively cooling via cold water immersion. Recent recommendations suggest using central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction to determine cessation of cooling when T_re is not available. We examined cognitive responses of two runners with EHS after a road race. This comparison illustrates the need to use caution with this recommendation, as the manifestation of CNS responses in EHS patients can be unpredictable. The variables in both cases highlight the importance of avoiding using mental status alone when cooling EHS patients and support T_re serving as the main clinical indicator during treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 5","pages":"Pages 350-353"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142950635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of polycystic ovarian morphology and other ultrasonographic findings in Iranian female athletes","authors":"Laleh Hakemi ,&nbsp;Gholamerza Norouzi ,&nbsp;Aida Bakhshi ,&nbsp;Ezat Kazerouninejad ,&nbsp;Maral Goldoozian","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2024.12.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsams.2024.12.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Polycystic ovary morphology and ovarian cysts are frequent and usually asymptomatic in young female individuals. The present study is the first to examine ovarian sonographic findings in asymptomatic female athletes from Iran. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of such sonographic findings in healthy female athletes on a screening basis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this cross-sectional observational study, 455 females from 16 provinces of Iran were evaluated by trans-abdominal sonography during their routine pre-participation medical evaluation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age of participants was 21.8 years (SD 5.3). The mean age at the beginning of exercise was 14.20 years (SD = 4.25). Menarche occurred at 11–20 years with a mean of 13.5 years (SD 1.5). Judokas had the lowest (12.1 years), and football players had the highest menarche age (14.6 years; as compared to 12.8 years in the Iranian female population).</div><div>In 87.5 % of participants, the sonographic findings were within normal limits. 4.8 % of all examinations revealed polycystic ovary morphology (PCOM), 5.7 % of participants had a simple cyst(s), and 20.8 % of cysts had diameters &gt;<!--> <!-->49 mm. In those athletes who began regular performance-oriented training before menarche, PCOM was found in only 2.4 %.</div><div>There was a significant positive linear association between BMI groups and PCOM (p = 0.003), but not for simple cysts. Frequency of PCOM (p &lt; 0.001) as well as ovarian cysts (p = 0.012) were significantly different among studied sport types. There was a significant positive correlation between delayed menarche status and PCOM (p = 0.017). However, no such relationship was found for simple cysts.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Maintaining a healthy body mass index and beginning regular exercise before menarche may have a preventative effect for polycystic ovary morphology in female athletes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 5","pages":"Pages 345-349"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neck strength deficit is a risk factor for concussion in high school rugby union and rugby league players","authors":"Felix T. Leung ,&nbsp;Daniel A. Brown ,&nbsp;Emma Warner ,&nbsp;Shakeel Shamim ,&nbsp;Samuel Harris ,&nbsp;Julie A. Hides","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2024.11.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsams.2024.11.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Primary prevention of concussions is a priority in contact sports, with growing interest in the role of neck strength in mitigating the risks of concussion. The aim of this study was to determine if neck function was associated with in-season concussions in adolescent rugby union and league athletes, and to establish clinical values to identify players with increased risk of sustaining a concussion.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Prospective cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Assessment of neck function included isometric strength, endurance and proprioception. In-season concussion injuries were recorded. Preliminary multivariate analysis-of-covariance models were conducted to investigate differences in neck function between players who did and did not sustain an in-season concussion. If significant, receiver operated characteristic curves were used to determine optimal cut-points for each variable to distinguish between concussion groups. Unadjusted odds ratios were estimated from the cross tabulation chi-squared test. Significance was set at p &lt; 0.1.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 43 players (aged 15–18 years) were assessed during preseason. Eleven players sustained a concussion during the season. Players who sustained a concussion during the season had weaker neck extension strength in kilogrammes (p = 0.043, effect size = 0.74) and when normalised to body weight (p = 0.041, effect size = 0.74). The optimal cut-point for extension strength was 32.1 kg (sensitivity 0.64, specificity 0.75) and 3.71 N/kg (sensitivity 0.64, specificity 0.66). Players with a flexor to extensor strength ratio above 0.74 were 3-times more likely to sustain a concussion (p = 0.09). There were no differences for other neck function variables.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Interventions targeting neck strength could reduce the risk of concussion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 5","pages":"Pages 370-376"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeatability, reproducibility and normative ranges for EyeGuide Focus testing system in elite male rugby players","authors":"G.W. Fuller ,&nbsp;J. Brown ,&nbsp;M. Dunlop ,&nbsp;M. van Rheede ,&nbsp;P. Mathema ,&nbsp;M. Webb ,&nbsp;M. Raftery ,&nbsp;E. Falvey","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsams.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The EyeGuide Focus system is a simple, portable, test of visual tracking with potential use for concussion screening. This study investigated the repeatability, reproducibility, distribution, and modifiers of EyeGuide Focus measurements in healthy elite Rugby players.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Cross sectional repeated measures study and controlled pre-test post-test sub-study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>EyeGuide Focus testing was performed in a medical room at rest. Test-retest repeatability (within-subject standard deviation (Sw), coefficient of variation (CV), repeatability coefficient (RC)) and reliability intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC A,1) of 3 test results were evaluated. The distribution of best score across replicates was then examined using summary statistics, and the influence of subject characteristics investigated. A controlled pre-test post-test sub-study examined the effect of exercise on best EyeGuide Focus score using an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 769 elite male Rugby players underwent EyeGuide Focus testing. Repeated test scores demonstrated positively skewed distributions. Test-retest repeatability (Sw 1.46, CV 46.0 %, RC 2.85, natural log transformed data) and reliability (ICC 0.41, natural log transformed data) were low. The distribution of best EyeGuide Focus score was unaffected by previous concussion, eye conditions, or age. No learning or exercise effects were apparent in the controlled pre-test post-test sub-study (ANCOVA, n = 89, p = 0.69).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>EyeGuide Focus test-retest repeatability and reliability were low and could limit diagnostic accuracy.</div><div>Best test score achieved across repeated measurements is a possible metric for operationalisation and future research is required to determine if this differs in patients with concussion compared to normal subjects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 5","pages":"Pages 377-383"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The financial cost of injuries and their association with team success in professional men's cricket","authors":"Amy Williams ,&nbsp;Nick Peirce ,&nbsp;Steve Griffin ,&nbsp;Ben Langley ,&nbsp;Luke Goggins ,&nbsp;Carly McKay ,&nbsp;Keith Stokes ,&nbsp;Sean Williams","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsams.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To quantify the direct and indirect costs associated with injuries in professional men's cricket from 2015/16 to 2021/22 and to report the association between the cost of injuries and team success.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Retrospective cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Injury insurance claims were obtained for cricket-related injuries to determine direct costs. Player's salary cost whilst injured was calculated from total salary expenditure, number of players, seasonal days and days lost to injury from prospective injury recording. A linear mixed model was used to assess the association between team success (County Championship points) and cost of injury.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The average annual total cost of injuries per team was £167,447 (±£20,678), comprising £38,127 (±£24,000) injury insurance costs, £40,007 (±£23,977) injured players salary costs and £89,243 medical staff costs. Hand injuries incurred the highest number of claims and lumbar spine injuries accounted for the largest cost. Approximately 7 % of players' annual salary was earned whilst injured. The cost of injury was negatively associated with team success in Division 1; those with a two SD higher injury cost (£58,561) accrued 28 fewer points (95 % CI −<!--> <!-->54, −<!--> <!-->2) on average. The association in Division 2 teams was unclear (two SD increase (£53,339): +<!--> <!-->15 points [95 % CI: −<!--> <!-->10, 41]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These data support the implementation of effective injury prevention measures for lumbar spine, hand and knee injuries to reduce injury rates and subsequent costs. Highlighting the financial and team performance costs of injuries may help to engage key stakeholders in injury prevention initiatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 5","pages":"Pages 384-390"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Making Submission more Comfortable","authors":"Tim Meyer","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsams.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 5","pages":"Pages 343-344"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143907902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motor control exercises were not superior to general exercises for women with greater trochanteric pain syndrome: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Guilherme Thomaz de Aquino Nava, Caroline Baldini Prudencio, Rebecca Mellor, Rafael Krasic Alaiti, Beatriz Mendes Tozim, Angélica Mércia Pascon Barbosa, Cristiane Rodrigues Pedroni, Marcelo Tavella Navega","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2025.04.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2025.04.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the effect of a motor control protocol with a general exercise protocol on average pain intensity, global perceived effect, isometric strength, pain catastrophization, kinesiophobia, central sensitization, and quality of life in women with greater trochanteric pain syndrome.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This is a single blind randomized controlled trial with concealed allocation, intention-to-treat analysis and blinding of assessors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty people with greater trochanteric pain syndrome were selected for the study and assessed at baseline and at 8 and 60 weeks. The motor control protocol focused on isometric and isotonic strengthening exercises, associated with neuromuscular training to improve the dynamic motor control of the lower limbs. The general exercise protocol focused on warm-up, stretching, and strengthening of the trunk, hip and lower limb muscles. Both groups performed 50-60 min sessions, twice a week, supervised, for 8 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No Time × Group interaction was observed with respect to average pain intensity at 8 weeks (mean difference: -0.06; 95 % confidence interval -1.41 to 1.29; p = 0.92, effect size = 0.02) or 60 weeks (mean difference: -0.75; 95 % confidence interval -2.35 to 0.83; p = 0.34, effect size = 0.24). The two interventions also had similar effects on the secondary outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Motor control exercises were not superior to general exercises in improving average pain intensity and the secondary outcomes after 8 and 60 weeks; therefore, patient (and therapist) preferences should be considered when considering exercise prescription for the rehabilitation of women with greater trochanteric pain syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144127901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Injury epidemiology in Australian women's professional football","authors":"Garrett Leonard ,&nbsp;Donna Lu ,&nbsp;Mark Jones ,&nbsp;Matt Whalan ,&nbsp;Rob Duffield","doi":"10.1016/j.jsams.2024.11.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsams.2024.11.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe the injury epidemiology of the Australian women's professional football (soccer) league (A-League W) over 7 consecutive seasons.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Prospective observational cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Match-loss injury data was collected from each A-League W club (n = 8–9) for each competition round (n = 12/season) over 7 seasons (2013/14–2019/20). Data was collected by the head physiotherapist in each club based on the governing body regulations and after initial familiarisation with collection methods. Injuries were collected weekly through a standardised protocol for all clubs and were classified by setting, mechanism, severity, the type and location on the body based on club, round and season. Generalised Linear Models were used to estimate the injury incidences (injury/round/season), whilst rate ratios were reported for total injuries and within abovementioned injury classifications for the change between seasons.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Injury incidence rate ranged between 0.68 (95 % CI: 0.27–1.74) and 1.17 (95 % CI: 0.59–2.34) injuries/match/round across the 7 seasons analysed. There was no significant change over time in injuries by occurrence (i.e. match, training or other), mechanism (contact or non-contact), type or region. The most common injuries were joint and ligament injuries (0.24 (95 % CI: 0.05–1.17)–0.85 (95 % CI: 0.38–1.91) injuries/round/season), ankle injuries (0.13 (95 % CI: 0.02–0.95)–0.41 (95 % CI: 0.13–1.32) injuries/round/season) and non-contact mechanisms (0.48 (95 % CI: 0.18–1.27)–1.07 (95 % CI: 0.52–2.2) injuries/round/season).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Injury incidence trends did not show a significant change over the seven seasons of the A-League W reported here. Key areas of concern for female players remain injuries to the ankle, thigh and knee. Whilst specific to the Australian environment, these outcomes provide further understanding of the type and rate of injury trends in female footballers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16992,"journal":{"name":"Journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 5","pages":"Pages 358-364"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142864640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}