{"title":"A combined treatment with progesterone, anti-inhibin serum, and equine chorionic gonadotropin improves number of ovulated oocytes in young C57BL/6J mice.","authors":"Atsuko Kageyama, Mizuho Tsuchiya, Jumpei Terakawa, Junya Ito, Naomi Kashiwazaki","doi":"10.1262/jrd.2023-036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2023-036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Superovulation procedures are routinely and widely used in mouse reproductive technology. Previous studies have shown that a large number of oocytes can be obtained from adult mice (> 10 weeks old) using a combined treatment with progesterone (P4) and anti-inhibin serum (AIS). However, these effects have not been fully investigated in young (4 weeks) C57BL/6J mice. Here, we found that a modified superovulation protocol (combined treatment with P4, AIS, eCG (equine chorionic gonadotropin), and hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin); P4D2-Ae-h) improved the number of oocytes compared to the control (eCG and hCG) (39.7 vs. 21.3 oocytes/mouse). After in vitro fertilization, pronuclear formation rates were 69.3% (P4D2-Ae-h group) and 66.2% (control group). After embryo transfer, 46.4% (116/250) of the embryos in the P4D2-Ae-h group successfully developed to term, which was comparable to the control group (42.9%; 123/287 embryos). In conclusion, our protocol (P4D2-Ae-h) was effective for superovulation in young C57BL/6J mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":16942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a5/72/jrd-69-223.PMC10435527.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10044008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A novel, simplified method to prepare and preserve freeze-dried mouse sperm in plastic microtubes.","authors":"Li Ly Yang, Daiyu Ito, Natsuki Ushigome, Sayaka Wakayama, Masatoshi Ooga, Teruhiko Wakayama","doi":"10.1262/jrd.2023-034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2023-034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although freeze-drying sperm can save space, reduce maintenance costs, and facilitate the transportation of genetic samples, the current method requires breakable, custom-made, and expensive glass ampoules. In the present study, we developed a simple and economical method for collecting freeze-dried (FD) sperm using commercially available plastic microtubes. Mouse epididymal sperm suspensions were placed in 1.5 ml polypropylene tubes, frozen in liquid nitrogen, and dried in an acrylic freeze-drying chamber, after which they were closed under a vacuum. The drying duration did not differ between the microtube and glass ampoule methods (control); however, the sperm recovery rate was higher using the microtube method, and the physical damage to the sperm after rehydration was also reduced. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) using FD sperm stored in microtubes at -30°C yielded healthy offspring without reducing the success rate, even after 9 months of storage. Air infiltration into all microtubes stored at room temperature (RT) within 2 weeks of storage caused a drastic decrease in the fertilization rate of FD sperm; underwater storage did not prevent air infiltration. RT storage of FD sperm in microtubes for 1 week resulted in healthy offspring after ICSI (5-18%), but the addition of silica gel or CaCl<sub>2</sub> did not improve the success rate. Our novel microtube method is currently the simplest and most effective method for treating FD sperm, contributing to the development of alternative low-cost approaches for preserving and transporting genetic resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":16942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/73/1a/jrd-69-198.PMC10435530.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10419221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Continuous acceleration of neural activity of the GnRH pulse generator during chronic peripheral infusion of neurokinin 3 receptor agonist in goats.","authors":"Takashi Yamamura, Hiroaki Okamura, Yoshihiro Wakabayashi","doi":"10.1262/jrd.2023-025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2023-025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Secretion of pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is essential for reproduction. Kisspeptin neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), which coexpress neurokinin B (NKB) and its receptor (NK3R), are believed to be components of the GnRH pulse generator that regulates pulsatile GnRH secretion. We examined the effects of peripheral infusion of senktide, an NK3R selective agonist, on GnRH pulse generator activity by monitoring multiple unit activity (MUA) in the goat ARC. Previous studies have shown that characteristic increases in MUA (MUA volleys) reflect GnRH pulse generator activity. Senktide was infused intravenously or intravaginally for 2 h while recording MUA. Both infusions significantly increased the MUA volley frequency compared with the control. These results demonstrate that peripherally administered senktide acts centrally to sustainably accelerate the neural activity of the GnRH pulse generator throughout the infusion period. This suggests the possibility of practical applications of NK3R agonists for improving reproductive activity in farm animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":16942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1e/f5/jrd-69-218.PMC10435531.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10400331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Progesterone modulates HSD11B1-mediated cortisol production in luteinized bovine granulosa cells.","authors":"Memory Mukangwa, Masafumi Tetsuka","doi":"10.1262/jrd.2023-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2023-005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Progesterone (P4) and cortisol production increase in luteinized granulosa cells (LGCs) during the periovulatory period, but their interaction is not well established. Therefore, we investigated their interaction in cultured bovine LGCs. Granulosa cells were collected from follicles of 2-5 mm in diameter and cultured in DMEM/F-12 supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum for up to 14 days. P4 production and the expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR), cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1), and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (HSD3B1) rapidly increased until day 10 and remained high thereafter. No de novo production of cortisol from P4 was detected during the culture period. The expression of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (HSD11B1), which converts cortisone to cortisol, increased dramatically on day two, decreased until day 8, and remained relatively constant. To investigate how P4 and cortisol influence each other's production, LGCs were treated with trilostane (a P4 synthesis inhibitor), nomegestrol acetate (NA, a synthetic progestogen), P4, and/or cortisol for 24 h on days 6 and 12 of culture. Trilostane suppressed P4 and STAR expression while elevating HSD11B1 and HSD3B1 expression and cortisol production. Concomitant treatment with NA or P4 dose-dependently decreased cortisol production and HSD11B1 and HSD3B1 expression but elevated STAR expression in both days 6 and 12. Conversely, cortisol treatment increased HSD11B1 and HSD3B1 expression and decreased STAR expression without influencing P4 production. These results indicate that progestogens suppress cortisol production by modulating HSD11B1 expression and that progestogens and cortisol differentially regulate STAR, HSD3B1, and HSD11B1 expression in bovine LGCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ee/1d/jrd-69-206.PMC10435524.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10419215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pre-maturational culture promotes the developmental competence of bovine oocytes derived from an 8-day in vitro growth culture system.","authors":"Madalitso Chelenga, Yojiro Yanagawa, Seiji Katagiri, Masashi Nagano","doi":"10.1262/jrd.2023-022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2023-022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we evaluated the effects of pre-maturational culture (pre-IVM) on the developmental competence of bovine oocytes derived from an 8-day in vitro growth (IVG) culture system. IVG oocytes were subjected to 5 h pre-IVM before in vitro maturation, followed by in vitro fertilization (IVF). The proportion of oocytes that progressed to the germinal vesicle breakdown stage was similar between groups with and without pre-IVM. Although metaphase II oocytes and cleavage rates after IVF were similar regardless of pre-IVM culture, the blastocyst rate was significantly higher in the group with pre-IVM (22.5%) than without pre-IVM (11.0%, P < 0.05). In conclusion, pre-IVM culture improved the developmental competence of bovine oocytes derived from an 8-day IVG system.</p>","PeriodicalId":16942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a5/84/jrd-69-214.PMC10435529.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10034465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rui Yang, Chang-Li Ji, Min Zhang, Jie Zhang, Hong-Jie Yuan, Ming-Jiu Luo, Guang-Zhong Jiao, Jing-He Tan
{"title":"Role of calcium-sensing receptor in regulating activation susceptibility of postovulatory aging mouse oocytes.","authors":"Rui Yang, Chang-Li Ji, Min Zhang, Jie Zhang, Hong-Jie Yuan, Ming-Jiu Luo, Guang-Zhong Jiao, Jing-He Tan","doi":"10.1262/jrd.2023-026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2023-026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The mechanisms underlying postovulatory oocyte aging (POA) remain largely unknown. The expression of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) in mouse oocytes and its role in POA need to be explored. Our objective was to observe CaSR expression and its role in the susceptibility to activating stimuli (STAS) in POA mouse oocytes. The results showed that, although none of the newly ovulated oocytes were activated, 40% and 94% of the oocytes recovered 19 and 25 h after human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection were activated, respectively, after ethanol treatment. The level of the CaSR functional dimer protein in oocytes increased significantly from 13 to 25 h post hCG. Thus, the CaSR functional dimer level was positively correlated with the STAS of POA oocytes. Aging in vitro with a CaSR antagonist suppressed the elevation of STAS, and cytoplasmic calcium in oocytes recovered 19 h post hCG, whereas aging with a CaSR agonist increased STAS, and cytoplasmic calcium of oocytes recovered 13 h post hCG. Furthermore, the CaSR was more important than the Na-Ca<sup>2+</sup> exchanger in regulating oocyte STAS, and T- and L-type calcium channels were inactive in aging oocytes. We conclude that the CaSR is involved in regulating STAS in POA mouse oocytes, and that it is more important than the other calcium channels tested in this connection.</p>","PeriodicalId":16942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f0/db/jrd-69-185.PMC10435528.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10418737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Involvement of linker histone variant H1a in the regulation of early preimplantation development in mice.","authors":"Satoshi Funaya, Yuan Wang, Masataka G Suzuki, Masahito Ikawa, Fugaku Aoki","doi":"10.1262/jrd.2023-013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2023-013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Linker histone variants regulate higher-order chromatin structure and various cellular processes. It has been suggested that linker histone variant H1a loosens chromatin structure and activates transcription. However, its role in early mouse development remains to be elucidated. We investigated the functions of H1a during preimplantation development using H1a gene-deleted mice. Although H1a homozygous knockout (KO) mice were born without any abnormalities, the number of offspring were reduced when the mothers but not fathers were homozygous KO animals. Maternal H1a KO compromised development during the morula and blastocyst stages, but not differentiation of the inner cell mass or trophectoderm. Thus, maternal linker histone H1a is important in early development.</p>","PeriodicalId":16942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7c/42/jrd-69-178.PMC10267588.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9627680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cell cycle regulation for meiosis in mammalian germ cells.","authors":"Ryuki Shimada, Kei-Ichiro Ishiguro","doi":"10.1262/jrd.2023-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2023-010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In mouse fetal gonads, germ cell development is accompanied by changes in cell cycle mode in response to external signals and intrinsic mechanisms of cells. During fetal development, male germ cells undergo G0/G1 arrest, while female germ cells exit the mitotic cell cycle and enter meiosis. In fetal testes, NANOS2 and CYP26B1 force germ cells to stay in G0/G1 arrest phase, preventing them from entering the meiotic cell cycle. In the fetal ovary, external signals, such as RA, BMP, and WNT, promote the competency of female germ cells to enter the meiotic cell cycle. MEIOSIN and STRA8 ensure the establishment of the meiotic cell cycle by activating meiotic genes, such that meiotic entry coincides with the S phase. This review discusses germ cell development from the viewpoint of cell cycle regulation and highlights the mechanism of the entry of germ cells into meiosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/db/f7/jrd-69-139.PMC10267585.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9633467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lanfang Ma, Shuo Wang, Jun Yang, Weicheng Tang, Zhangying Wu, Lili Cao, Aiyue Luo, Fangfang Fu, Shuhong Yang, Shixuan Wang
{"title":"MiR-145 regulates steroidogenesis in mouse primary granulosa cells by targeting Arpc5 and subsequent cytoskeleton remodeling.","authors":"Lanfang Ma, Shuo Wang, Jun Yang, Weicheng Tang, Zhangying Wu, Lili Cao, Aiyue Luo, Fangfang Fu, Shuhong Yang, Shixuan Wang","doi":"10.1262/jrd.2022-137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2022-137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MicroRNA (miR)-145 is enriched in the follicular granulosa cells (GCs) of 3-week-old mice. Downregulating miR-145 inhibits the proliferation and differentiation of GCs and induces evident changes in their cytoskeleton. In this study, we examined how miR-145 induces cytoskeletal changes in mouse GCs and its potential mechanism in regulating GC steroidogenesis. We found that actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5 (Arpc5) is a target of miR-145. The miR-145 antagomir increased ARPC5 expression but not β-ACTIN, β-TUBULIN, and PAXILLIN expression. Arpc5 overexpression inhibited GC proliferation, differentiation, and progesterone synthesis. Furthermore, the expression of progesterone synthesis-associated enzymes was downregulated in the Arpc5 overexpression group, and the GC cytoskeleton exhibited evident changes. We conclude that Arpc5, a new target of miR-145, regulates primary GC proliferation and progesterone production by regulating the cytoskeleton remodeling.</p>","PeriodicalId":16942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/41/8e/jrd-69-154.PMC10267586.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9627689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mouse somatic cell nuclear transfer: What has changed and remained unchanged in 25 years.","authors":"Kimiko Inoue","doi":"10.1262/jrd.2022-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2022-105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is the only reproductive technology used to produce individuals from somatic cells by transferring them to enucleated oocytes. Although more than 25 years have passed since the first mammalian SCNT was reported in sheep, problems such as low birth rates and morphological abnormalities have persisted and limited its practical applications. The mouse is the ideal laboratory animal to unveil these questions due to its established reproductive technologies and extensive knowledge base of its genome and various strains. We investigated the causes of incomplete reprogramming after nuclear transfer of donor somatic cells and found that the loss of imprint in some placenta-specific imprinted genes could induce non-random SCNT abnormalities. By ameliorating aberrantly expressed imprinted genes, we succeeded in increasing the low birth rate and improving morphological abnormalities observed in SCNT fetuses. Furthermore, we sought appropriate mouse strains and cell types as nuclear donors to increase their developmental efficiencies and expand their applications in various fields. Peripheral blood cells are useful as ethical and economical cell species because they can be collected easily, even though SCNT embryos derived from hematopoietic cells show poor developmental abilities after reconstruction. Additionally, it is possible to obtain mice that are reactive to specific antigens of interest by using lymphocytes. Although there are still many limitations to the practical use of SCNT, its utilization is steadily expanding.</p>","PeriodicalId":16942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e4/3d/jrd-69-129.PMC10267587.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9633469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}